Civil and Environmental Engineering Commons^™

Liquefaction Induced Settlement Of Structures, Gopal S. P. Madabhushi, Stuart K. Haigh

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Soil liquefaction following earthquakes leads to excessive damage to a wide variety of structures. Settlement and rotation of structures following liquefaction have been witnessed in many of the recent earthquakes. Investigation of the mechanisms of failure of structure when the foundation soil suffers either partial or full liquefaction is therefore very important. Dynamic centrifuge tests were conducted at Cambridge and elsewhere on different boundary value problems in which liquefaction of soil models was investigated. Excess pore pressure data and the settlement data for the particular structure that is being investigated are recorded during the centrifuge tests. In this paper the …

Recent Advances In Terrestrial Lidar Applications In Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering, Roberto Kayer, Jonathan P. Stewart, Brian D. Collins

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

During the past five years, geotechnical earthquake engineering and ground deformation research has benefited from the advent of terrestrial LIDAR technology, a revolutionary tool for characterizing fine-scale changes in topography. For ground deformation research, LIDAR is particularly useful for characterizing the dimensions of failures and for monitoring subtle deformations through time. Tripod mounted LIDAR systems have accuracies of approximately 0.4-2.0 cm, and can illuminate targets up to one kilometer away from the sensor. During several minutes of LIDAR scanning, millions of survey position points are collected and processed into an ultra-high resolution terrain model. During earthquake reconnaissance efforts, the detailed …

Geotechnical Aspects Of Recent Japan Earthquakes, Susumu Yasuda, Tomohiro Tanaka

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Recently middle class earthquakes have occurred and caused various geotechnical damages every year in Japan. Among them geotechnical damages during five earthquakes from 2004 to 2008 are introduced. The 2004 Niigataken-chuetsu earthquake caused failure of expressway embankments and uplift of sewage manholes. Liquefaction-induced damage to quay walls and tanks occurred in artificially reclaimed lands during the 2005 Fukuokaken-seiho-oki earthquake. Liquefiable area had been predicted about 17 years before the earthquake. Liquefied zones were fairly coincided with the predicted liquefiable zones. Very severe slide of highway embankments occurred at 11 sites during the 2007 Notohanto earthquake. During the 2007 Niigataken-chuetsu-oki earthquake, …

An Innovative Procedure For The Rapid Mapping Of Urban Earthquake Vulnerability, Filippo Ciuffi

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

The present paper summarizes the original approach, the different stages, the innovative algorithms and the most interesting results of a new, “simplified procedure” for mapping Earthquake Vulnerability in urban areas. The devised procedure is based on the processing data generated by “Remote Sensing Techniques”, for the design and the construction of two different square matrixes: Building Vulnerability Matrix and Soil Vulnerability Matrix. Combination of mathematical classification procedures and matrix analysis techniques have been designed and implemented, for creating the “basic models” of the mentioned matrixes, together with the related algorithms, “ad hoc” devised. The classes and the groups generated within …

Current Seismic Soil-Foundation-Structure Interaction State Of The Art And Practice On California Toll Bridge Program, Anoosh Shamsabadi, Hubert K. Law

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

California Department of Transportation (CALTRANS) initiated a seismic retrofit program in early 1990 following the Loma Prieta and Northridge Earthquakes to strengthen existing toll bridges and many regular bridges in California. Prior to the CALTRANS’ seismic retrofit program, there were very little guidelines and criteria available to undertake seismic retrofit of existing bridges and design of new structures to withstand potentially large magnitude future earthquakes. Significant advancements have been made since the beginning of the seismic retrofit program. This paper will discuss the author’s experience from the seismic retrofits of many existing toll bridges and designs of new toll bridges. …

Dealing In Practice With Selecting And Modifying Earthquake Ground Motions For Nonlinear Analysis, Jorge F. Meneses

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Nonlinear earthquake analyzes of structures are increasingly required by building codes and other seismic design regulations. An essential component of these analyses is that the geotechnical engineer has to provide the structural engineer with a set of strong motion time histories, typically three or seven sets containing two orthogonal horizontal components, and one vertical component if needed. The procedure for selecting the seed time histories and modifying them to match the design response spectrum involves several steps including development of seismological criteria, earthquake deaggregation analysis, and spectral matching. This procedure for selecting and modifying earthquake ground motions is explained based …

Machine Foundations And Blast Engineering Vibrations Case Studies, Ion Vlad

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Vibration can cause either serviceability and malfunctioning problems reducing people’s comfort to an unacceptable level, or safety problems with danger of failure. The belief of the author is that the presentation of some practical cases of machine foundation vibrations will be of interest, beneficial and helpful for many researchers and engineers involved in both theoretical and practical studies. Therefore, the most relevant case studies on vibrations of machine foundation ensembles, encountered in practice in the last ten years of activity, will be presented. In all malfunctioning or excessive vibration cases the technical assessment has started with a complex program of …

Site Amplification Studies For Npp Sites In Switzerland Within The Project Pegasos And Prp, Jost A. Studer

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

Based on a request by ENSI (Nuclear Regulatory Authority of Switzerland) to update the existing probabilistic earthquake hazard studies, Swissnuclear, the association of the nuclear power plants in Switzerland, initiated the PEAGASOS Project. The project started in 2001 and finished in 2004. It is for Europe a unique study, which aimed to evaluate uncertainties systematically and comprehensively. It was decided to perform the study on SSHAC-level 4. Level 4, defined by the Senior Seismic Hazard-Committee, is the highest level and was used only once before for the Yucca-Mountain-Project in the USA. In the PEGASOS Project, 21 international experts from Europe …

Special Lecture - I. M. Idriss, Izzat M. Idriss

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

No abstract provided.

Special Lectures (Spl), Multiple Authors

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

No abstract provided.

Conference Chairman, Shamsher Prakash

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

No abstract provided.

Post-Conference Tour, Multiple Members

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

No abstract provided.

Exhibitors, Multiple Members

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

No abstract provided.

Organizing Committee, Multiple Members

International Conferences on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics

No abstract provided.

Structural Damage Detection Robust Against Time Synchronization Errors, Guirong Yan, Shirley J. Dyke

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Structural Damage Detection based on Wireless Sensor Networks Can Be Affected Significantly by Time Synchronization Errors among Sensors. Precise Time Synchronization of Sensor Nodes Has Been Viewed as Crucial for Addressing This Issue. However, Precise Time Synchronization over a Long Period of Time is Often Impractical in Large Wireless Sensor Networks Due to Two Inherent Challenges. First, Time Synchronization Needs to Be Performed Periodically, Requiring Frequent Wireless Communication among Sensors at Significant Energy Cost. Second, Significant Time Synchronization Errors May Result from Node Failures Which Are Likely to Occur during Long-Term Deployment over Civil Infrastructures. in This Paper, a Damage …

Fringe Visibility Enhanced Extrinsic Fabry-Perot Interferometer Using A Graded Index Fiber Collimator, Yinan Zhang, Yanjun Li, Tao Wei, Xinwei Lan, Ying Huang, Genda Chen, Hai Xiao

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

We report a fringe visibility-enhanced extrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometer (EFPI) by fusion splicing a quarter-pitch length of a graded-index fiber (GIF) to the lead-in single mode fiber (SMF). The performance of the GIF collimator is theoretically analyzed using a ray matrix model and experimentally verified through beam divergence angle measurements. The fringe visibility of the GIF-collimated EFPI is measured as a function of the cavity length and compared with that of a regular SMF-EFPI. At the cavity length of 500 μm, the fringe visibility of the GIF-EFPI is 0.8, while that of the SMF-EFPI is only 0.2. The visibility-enhanced GIF-EFPI may …

Siding Attachment To Cold-Formed Steel Walls Through Varying Layers Of Foam Insulation, Newport Ventures, Inc., Applied Residential Engineering Services

CCFSS Library (1939 - present)

When insulating an exterior wall, more and more codes are requiring continuous insulation on the exterior of the studs to reduce the effect of thermal bridging. As energy codes continue to become more stringent, the thickness of the continuous installation has increased. Although wood and steel are both impacted, the requirements generally are higher for steel framing.

A significant implementation challenge caused by increasingly higher levels of continuous insulation is the lack of specifications for the type of fastener and siding installation details that should be used when installing thicker levels of insulation. Thus, the engineer, architect, builder, and contractor …

Investigation Of The Thermal Conductivity Of Compacted Silts And Its Correlation To The Elastic Modulus, Robert D. Hotz, Louis Ge

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Thermal conductivity measurement is a quick and easy test for compacted soils. This study presents the results of thermal conductivity testing on silt compacted under standard and modified Proctor efforts. a comparison of moisture content measurements from both lab oven and field oven is also presented and discussed. Measured thermal conductivity was correlated to the bulk density and water content. It is further correlated to Young's modulus and Shear modulus of the compacted silt, which were determined through ultrasonic pulse velocity measurements. Several trends were observed which may be used to correlate soil thermal conductivity of the compacted silt to …

Cold-Formed Steel Bolted Connections Using Oversized And Slotted Holes Without Washers, Phase 2, American Iron And Steel Institute

American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Specifications, Standards, Manuals and Research Reports (1946 - present)

No abstract provided.

North American Standard For Cold-Formed Steel Framing -- Lateral Design, 2007 Edition With Supplement No 1. October 2009 (Reaffirmed 2012), American Iron And Steel Institute

American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Specifications, Standards, Manuals and Research Reports (1946 - present)

No abstract provided.

On The Turbulent Prandtl Number In Homogeneous Stably Stratified Turbulence, Subhas K. Venayagamoorthy, Derek D. Stretch

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In this paper, we derive a general relationship for the turbulent Prandtl number Prt for homogeneous stably stratified turbulence from the turbulent kinetic energy and scalar variance equations. A formulation for the turbulent Prandtl number, Prt, is developed in terms of a mixing length scale LM and an overturning length scale LE, the ratio of the mechanical (turbulent kinetic energy) decay time scale TL to scalar decay time scale Tp and the gradient Richardson number Ri. We show that our formulation for Prt is appropriate even for non-stationary (developing) stratified flows, since it does not include the reversible contributions in …

Design, Construction And Load Testing Of The Bridge On Arnault Branch, Washington County, Missouri Using Innovative Technologies, Dongming Yan, Genda Chen, Nestore Galati, Sahra Sedigh

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The superstructure and instrumentation designs of a three-span bridge are presented in this report. The three spans include a precast box-girder bridge, a precast deck on steel girder and a precast deck on concrete girder. They were designed to compare the performance of various bridge decks reinforced with fiber reinforced polymers (FRP) through field instrumentations. A wireless monitoring system was designed to facilitate the collection of field data after the completion of bridge construction. The collected data will allow the study of FRP bars and stay-in-place FRP grid systems.

Estimation Of Flight Delay Costs For U.S. Domestic Air Passengers, Hojong Baik, Tao Li, Naveen K. Chintapudi

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Evaluating the economic value of flight delays has always been a keen interest of research groups as well as of federal agencies such as the U.S. Department of Transportation and FAA. However, because of the complexity of the question as well as the incompleteness of available data sets, the estimation of flight delay costs is considered a challenging task in practice. This paper presents a method for estimating domestic air passengers' delay costs incurred by flight delays in U.S. airports. a unique feature of the method is that the costs incurred by flight delays relative to the original flight schedules …

Some Comments On The Protection Of Lunar Habitats Against Damage From Meteoroid Impacts, William P. Schonberg, F. Schäfer, R. Putzar

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The establishment of human habitats on the Moon and on Mars will require protecting them from the hazards of near-Earth and interplanetary space. in addition to solar radiation, another hazard to be faced by these habitats is the damage that can result from the high-speed impact of a meteoroid on a critical structural component. Therefore, lunar habitats and their accompanying support facilities need to be designed with adequate levels of protection that will allow them to also withstand the damage that can result from a meteoroid impact. in this paper we discuss some approaches to shielding for lunar habitats, focusing …

Development Of Canadian Seismic Design Provisions For Steel Sheathed Shear Walls, Nisreen Balh

American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Specifications, Standards, Manuals and Research Reports (1946 - present)

No abstract provided.

Casing Pipe Damage Detection With Optical Fiber Sensors: A Case Study In Oil Well Constructions, Zhi Zhou, Jianping He, Minghua Huang, Jun He, Genda Chen

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Casing pipes in oil well constructions may suddenly buckle inward as their inside and outside hydrostatic pressure difference increases. For the safety of construction workers and the steady development of oil industries, it is critically important to measure the stress state of a casing pipe. This study develops a rugged, real-time monitoring, and warning system that combines the distributed Brillouin Scattering Time Domain Reflectometry (BOTDR) and the discrete fiber Bragg grating (FBG) measurement. The BOTDR optical fiber sensors were embedded with no optical fiber splice joints in a fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) rebar and the FBG sensors were wrapped in epoxy …

Engineering Education Collaboration: Innovative Pedagogical Methods For High School And University Environmentalists, Leslie Hadaway, Megan Urbaitis, Regina Lamendella, Daniel B. Oerther, Andrea C. Burrows, Mike Borowczak, Anant R. Kukreti

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper presents an innovative teaching approach, how it is implemented, student response results of the implementation, and the assessment of impact on student learning. The findings are based on surveys given to the students after each lab lesson taught in partnership with university (Project STEP) and community members. The purpose of this paper is to showcase authentic molecular technology research methods that have been incorporated into a high school level water quality study in cooperation with a watershed restoration program. Typically, water quality studies focus on chemical analysis such as pH, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, orthophosphates, nitrates, temperature, …

Modeling The Effect Of Moisture On Resilient Modulus Of Untreated Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement, Mohamed Attia, Magdy Abdelrahman

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The use of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) as a base layer is increasing as quality aggregate becomes scarcer and more expensive. Moisture content is known to have a great impact on the resilient modulus (M_R) of granular materials, and several researchers have devoted effort to develop and verify analytical models to describe that impact. Limited work has been done to quantify the effect of moisture content on RAP as a base layer. It has not been determined whether the existence of aged binder will allow designers to use the same analytical models developed for granular materials. This study …

Evaluation Of A Web-Based Learning Tool For Teaching Gis Within The Context Of Transportation Engineering, Ashley Banaszek, Hong Sheng, Richard H. Hall, Ronaldo Luna, Ghulam Bham

Business and Information Technology Faculty Research & Creative Works

An Exploratory Study Was Conducted to Evaluate a Web-Based Learning Module for Teaching Geographic Information Systems to Civil Engineering Students within the Context of a Problem Related to Crash Data Analysis. This Module is One Part of a National Science Foundation Course, Curricula, and Laboratory Improvement Project in Which GIS Modules Are Being Developed for Several Areas of Civil Engineering. the Module Was Used as a Laboratory Assignment in a Transportation Engineering Course. Two Days Later Students Completed Both an Objective Multiple-Choice Quiz over the Material Covered in the Lab and a Subjective Questionnaire. Quantitative Analysis Was Carried Out on …

Diapycnal Diffusivities In Homogeneous Stratified Turbulence, D. D. Stretch, S. K. Venayagamoorthy

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Quantifying diapycnal mixing in stably stratified turbulence is fundamental to the understanding and modeling of geophysical flows. Data of diapycnal mixing from direct numerical simulations of homogeneous stratified turbulence and from grid turbulence experiments, are analyzed to investigate the scaling of the diapycnal diffusivity. In these homogeneous flows the instantaneous diapycnal diffusivity is given exactly by Kd= ∈ρ/ (∂ ρ /∂z)²where ∈ρ is the dissipation rate of density fluctuations, and ∂ ρ /∂z is the mean density gradient. The diffusivity Kd may be expressed in terms of the large-scale properties of the turbulence as K d = γLE …