Civil and Environmental Engineering Commons^™

Experimental Study Of Rural Brick Burning In Iringa And Mbeya Regions, E Mushi

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

In this paper results are presented Of a study conducted between June and December 1997. on nine brick firing kilns in Iringa and Mbeya. The locations for rhe study were Mahenje and Iloniba in Mbeya Region and Igumbilo in Iringa region. Three kilns were investigated in each location. For each kiln the process was followed from the laying Of the bricks into a kiln to the opening Of thc kiln for renu)val Of the bricks in preparation for the selling. Different weights and tenperatures were Taken a,' different times. Firing wet bricks results in consumption of 33.63 % of the …

Development And Evaluation Of A New Soil Erosion- Productivity Index Model (Sepim), Metthew Mulengera

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

A soil erosion-productivity model which considers rhe effect of soil water storage Capacity. crop evapotranspiration, soil chemical and physical properties inrporrantfor Crop growth has been developed. The model is shown to give good predictions and it promises to be an improvement over the former productivity Index (PI). It also promises to give more reliable results than the currently used /nodels which consider only soil water storage capacity and crop e ' 'apotransp iration.

Use Of Dissolved Oxygen Concentration Probes In Biological Wastewater Treatment Plants, S Manyele

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

A study on use Of dissolved oxygen probes (DOP) for measurement Of oxygen concentration in warer and wastewater treatment is presented. The principles Of operation, design considerations and selection criteria for Two types of probes, viz. galvanic and polarographic, are discussed Use of polarographic probes in n rhree-phase fluidized bed bioreactor and in laboratory experiments is presented and discussed. The effect of airflow rate and treatment time on dissolved oxygen concentration was found to be significant. It was found that polarographic probes are important equipment in determining the pollution of the industrial effluents. Finally, the use of the DOC probes …

Fluorescence Spectroscopy For The Characterization Of Total Organic Carbon And Disinfection By-Product Formation, Matthew Brendan Washington

Theses

One of the concerns facing the drinking water industry is the formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs) during the disinfection stage of treatment. Organic DBPs form during the oxidation of the natural organic matter (NOM) found in natural waters by the application of a disinfectant, such as chlorine.

NOM is composed of two aggregate materials, humic and non-humic substances. It is unknown which portions of NOM react with the oxidant to form DBPs. Methods used to predict the formation of DBPs include total organic carbon (TOC) analysis and Trihalomethane Formation Potential (THMFP), which are time consuming and do not give specific …

Investigating Performance Of Bonded Concrete Overlays, Norbert J. Delatte, David W. Fowler, B. Frank Mccullough, Stefan F. Gräter

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications

A bonded concrete overlay (BCO) is a concrete pavement rehabilitation method used to extend the life of an existing concrete pavement. The BCO should bond fully with the existing concrete, leading to a thicker composite pavement section, a much stiffer pavement, and a considerable decrease in pavement stresses. For one project, cost estimates for a BCO were half as much as for full-depth replacement of a pavement. In some cases BCOs have delaminated shortly after construction. This paper proposes a framework for identifying the causes of early age delamination in BCOs. The early age behavior of newly constructed BCOs is …

Bs News

Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

A Calibrated Shoreline Change Model For The Southeast Atlantic Ocean Coast Of Virginia, Prasert Vangsantitrakul

Civil & Environmental Engineering Theses & Dissertations

The idea that the long-term historic shoreline change at a given site is mainly caused by spatial gradients in the net longshore sediment transport is generally accepted. The position changes of the coastline can therefore be modeled by calculating the coastal erosion or accretion from the longshore sediment transport. This study used the GENESIS software program, one-line model, to simulate and calibrate the long-term shoreline change of the southeast coast of Virginia from 1925 to 1980. The study reach covers 45- km from Cape Henry to the Virginia-North Carolina border.

This study experienced the lack of certain important historic data …

Bs News

Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

Sparse Equation-Eigen Solvers For Symmetric/Unsymmetric Positive-Negative-Indefinite Matrices With Finite Element And Linear Programming Applications, Hakakizumwami Birali Runesha

Civil & Environmental Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Vectorized sparse solvers for direct solutions of positive-negative-indefinite symmetric systems of linear equations and eigen-equations are developed. Sparse storage schemes, re-ordering, symbolic factorization and numerical factorization algorithms are discussed. Loop unrolling techniques are also incorporated in the coding to enhance the vector speed. In the indefinite solver, which employs various pivoting strategies, a simple rotation matrix is introduced to simplify the computer implementation. Efficient usage of the incore memory is accomplished by the proposed "restart memory management" schemes. A sparse version of the Interior Point Method, IPM, has also been implemented that incorporates the developed indefinite sparse solver for linear …

Fiber-Reinforced Plastic Composite Beam Stability And Load And Resistance Factor Design Approach, Mojtaba B. Sirjani

Civil & Environmental Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Fiber Reinforced Plastic (FRP) structural members are rapidly gaining impetus in civil engineering applications. Also, thin-walled open beams with I-shaped, channel, and other types of sections are of practical importance to both structural analysts and designers. This dissertation presents the outcome of a detailed experimental and theoretical investigation of the strength and stability of FRP composite beams. Three- and four-point loading tests are conducted on FRP I- and channel section beams. The behavior of these beams is studied under gradually increasing static loads up to the maximum load-carrying capacity corresponding to either material cracking or flexural-torsional instability. First, the theoretical …

Pavement Thickness Evaluation By Gpr Survey In Idaho, Joseph C. Sener, Robert M. Smith, Michael D. Garz, George A. Murgel, Robert W. Hamilton, David R. Haws

Civil Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

In 1995 and 1996, the Idaho Transportation Department (lTD) conducted a series of ground-penetrating radar (GPR) surveys as a nondestructive testing (NDT) method to evaluate the thickness of asphalt and Portland cement concrete (AC/PCC) pavements in Idaho. GPR surveys employed both air-coupled and combination air and ground coupled systems with their associated equipment and software. A total of 30 miles of AC/PCC pavements were evaluated by GPR surveys. The results obtained were correlated with the site-specific ground-truth data from borings.

Knowledge of pavement layer thickness is needed to predict pavement performance, establish load carrying capacities and develop maintenance and rehabilitation …

Bs News

Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

Bs News

Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

Lateral Resistance Of Ring-Shank Nail Connections In Southern Pine Lumber, R D. Theilen, D A. Bender, David Pollock, S G. Winistorfer

Faculty Publications - Biomedical, Mechanical, and Civil Engineering

Ring-shank nails are used in engineered structures with lateral connection design values based on theoretically derived equations which were validated only for common nails. The goal of this study was to quantify the input parameters and lateral connection strength of several types of ring-shank nails in Southern Pine lumber and critically evaluate the applicability of the theoretical equations for ring-shank nails.

Two sizes of galvanized and ungalvanized, hardened steel ring-shank nails from two manufacturers were studied. The hardened, ring-shank nails carried significantly higher loads than the common wire nails studied. Because the current method of determining yield load does not …

Stability And Performance Of Feedback Control Systems With Time Delays, M. S. Ali, Z. K. Hou, Mohammad N. Noori

Office of the Dean (CENG) Scholarship

This paper investigates the time delay effects on the stability and performance of active feedback control systems for engineering structures. A computer algorithm is developed for stability analysis of a SDOF system with unequal delay time pair in the velocity and displacement feedback loops. It is found that there may exist multiple stable regions in the plane of the time delay pair, which contain time delays greater than the maximum allowable values obtained by previous studies. The size, shape and location of these stable and unstable regions depend on the system parameters and the feedback control gains. For systems with …

The Effect Of Pipe Bursting On Nearby Utilities, Pavement, And Structures, Alan Atalah

Doctoral Dissertations

This dissertation has involved field and analytical studies of ground movements, ground vibrations and other design issues associated with trenchless pipe replacement (or pipe bursting, as it is commonly known). The process is used to replace an existing underground service pipe with a completely new pipe but without the disturbance and cost of excavating a trench from the surface. The process typically involves the insertion of a tool into the existing pipe that has a maximum diameter that is slightly larger than the existing pipe. This tool is used to break the existing pipe into pieces and to displace the …

Making Concrete Less Abstract, David Newton Richardson

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

CE 3 13 is a second level properties of concrete lecture course. In an effort to make it appear less abstract to the students, over the course of several semesters several learning strategies were tried, including journaling, muddiest point, entering the academy, role playing, bookends-on-a-lecture, and hands-on lab projects. Most recently, an emphasis on short writing-to-learn papers, a problems-based stance, and an integrated lab project was used. Student evaluations indicated that the lab projects and the increased writing was of significant benefit in promotion of learning.

Effects Of Temperature, Water Hardness, And Recirculation On Copper Corrosion, Brian R. Weiss

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In previous work, the effects of water quality have been shown to influence the formation of scale from copper corrosion. A general understanding of the effects of water quality on copper corrosion have been difficult to obtain because of complex interactions of water quality variables on copper corrosion in different water supply systems. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of temperature and water hardness on copper corrosion occurring in a household water supply system. The effects of recirculation were also studied in concurrence with the above water quality parameters. Electrochemical corrosion testing and corrosion by -product …

Expedient Method To Determine Active Zone Depth For Expansive Soils In The St. Louis, Missouri Area, Robert Allen Abbott

Masters Theses

"A laboratory testing program was developed to formulate a relationship which could be used to estimate the active zone depth at a given site with the index properties of the potentially expansive soils at the site. The testing program utilized standard consolidometers to incrementally add moisture to soil specimens to determine a swell versus soil suction index. Tests were performed on laboratory manufactured soil specimens of commercial clay to validate the testing methodology.

A QUATTRO PRO computer spreadsheet was developed to perform the calculations to determine the potential field surface heave for the soils tested provided they were at a …

An Integrated Transportation Use Modeling System For Indiana; Implementation Report And User's Manual, Andrew Ying-Ming Yen, Jon D. Fricker

JTRP Technical Reports

The principle objective of this research was to develop an integrated model to represent the interrelationships between land use and transportation, subject to the requirements of the ISTEA of 1991 and the CAAA of 1990. The integrated model includes two major parts: a land-use allocation module and a travel demand module. An interface module has also been built to transform data between these two modules. The land-use allocation module consists of a residential location model, an employment location model, a land use potential model, and a land consumption model. One unique feature of the residential and employment location models is …

An Integrated Transportation Use Modeling System For Indiana, Andrew Ying-Ming Yen, Jon D. Fricker

JTRP Technical Reports

The principle objective of this research was to develop an integrated model to represent the interrelationships between land use and transportation, subject to the requirements of the ISTEA of 1991 and the CAAA of 1990. The integrated model includes two major parts: a land-use allocation module and a travel demand module. An interface module has also been built to transform data between these two modules. The land-use allocation module consists of a residential location model, an employment location model, a land use potential model, and a land consumption model. One unique feature of the residential and employment location models is …

Assessing And Updating Indot's Traffic Monitoring System For Highways (2 Volumes), Samuel Labi, Jon Fricker

JTRP Technical Reports

This study evaluates the existing resources and procedures of INDOT’s current traffic monitoring program, with the objective of transforming this program into a comprehensive Traffic Monitoring System for Highways (TMS/H). Reliable traffic data is a valuable input for studies and decision-making at various levels and in various phases of highway management including planning and design, finance and taxation, legislation and safety. The nature and scope of the various components comprising a TMS/H for any state were identified in available literature such as the Federal Register and Traffic Monitoring Guide. A complete inventory of the existing resources (personnel and equipment) and …

Automation And Standardization Of Measuring Moisture Content And Density Of Soil Using The Technique Of Time Domain Reflectometry, Wei Feng, Chih-Ping Lin, Richard J. Deschamps, Vincent P. Drnevich

JTRP Technical Reports

The methodology developed by Siddiqui and Drnevich (1995) for measuring soil water content and density using Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) was extended for routine use in the quality control testing of compacted soils. The objectives of the study were to develop computer software to automate data interpretation and data reduction, develop prototype equipment for field use, compare the results of the TDR method with the sand cone and nuclear density methods on actual construction sites and develop draft specifications for ASTM and AASHTO. New prototype equipment was developed for compaction quality control testing. Waveform interpretation and data reduction were automated …

Implementation Of Subgrade Resilient Modulus For Pavement (2 Volumes), A. G. Altschaeffl, Ross A. Duckworth, M. K. Clough

JTRP Technical Reports

This Implementation Project had two purposes: 1) to update the INDOT Division of Materials and Tests’ laboratory equipment and train personnel to properly conduct the testing for subgrade resilient modulus in accordance with new AASHTO testing protocol (AASHTO T0294-94(; 2) to educate and train the geotechnical engineering section in the procedures for determining the design resilient modulus with minimum required testing, while using the database of the previous report on this subject, FHWA/IN/JHRP-92/23, “Subgrade Resilient Modulus for Pavement Design and Evaluation,” Part I of the Final Report, the detailed “Laboratory Procedures Manual,” has been written for use by laboratory technicians …

Implementation Of Subgrade Resilient Modulus For Pavement: Laboratory Procedures Manual (2 Volumes), A. G. Altschaeffl, Ross A. Duckworth, M. K. Clough

JTRP Technical Reports

This Implementation Project had two purposes: 1) to update the INDOT Division of Materials and Tests’ laboratory equipment and train personnel to properly conduct the testing for subgrade resilient modulus in accordance with new AASHTO testing protocol (AASHTO T0294-94(; 2) to educate and train the geotechnical engineering section in the procedures for determining the design resilient modulus with minimum required testing, while using the database of the previous report on this subject, FHWA/IN/JHRP-92/23, “Subgrade Resilient Modulus for Pavement Design and Evaluation,” Part I of the Final Report, the detailed “Laboratory Procedures Manual,” has been written for use by laboratory technicians …

Geotechnical Performance Of Highway Embankment Constructed Using Waste Foundry Sand, Patrick J. Fox, David G. Mast

JTRP Technical Reports

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of waste foundry sand (WFS) as a highway embankment material in a fullscale field demonstration project. This evaluation included geotechnical concerns, such as deformation, strength, hydraulic conductivity, and ease of construction. The report presents an introduction and previous research concerning WFS use in highway construction. A geotechnical laboratory testing program characterized the WFS used in the project, which was a waste product of Auburn Foundry, Inc., located in Auburn, Indiana. This study was also a part of the FHWA Priorities Technology Program. The project site was a 275 m section …

Performance Evaluation Of A Highway Embankment Constructed Using Waste Foundry Sand, Barry K. Partridge, James E. Alleman

JTRP Technical Reports

Over 9 million Mg of waste foundry sands (WFS) are produced annually in the United States as a by-product of the metal casting industry. The majority of WFS are deposited in restricted or sanitary waste landfills. Considerable savings is available to the metal casting industry through the development of reuse applications for their WFS and generators are often willing to provide WFS to a job site at no cost to the end user. Laboratory investigations have indicated that WFS from ferrous foundries can provide the necessary engineering properties for a highway embankment and that the MicrotoxTM bioassay test can be …

Assessing And Updating Indot's Traffic Monitoring System For Highways, Volume 1 - Main Report, Samuel Labi, Jon D. Fricker

JTRP Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

Modeling And Optimization Of The Indiana Lane Merge Control System On Approaches To Freeway Work Zones, Part I, Andrzej P. Tarko, Sreenivasulu R. Kanipakapatnam, Jason S. Wasson

JTRP Technical Reports

Severe traffic turbulence on entry sections of freeway work zones increases the delays and risk of crash. A new Indiana Department of Transportation system called Indiana Merge Lane System (IMLS) creates a dynamic no passing zone on the approach to the freeway work zone through the sequence of DO NOT PASS signs. The system is thought to encourage drivers to switch lanes well upstream of the discontinuous lane taper where the merging maneuver is safer and less intrusive. The IMLS is expected to impact drivers’ behavior, their perception of the traffic conditions, and traffic safety.

This research is focused on: …

A Tool For Evaluating Access Control On High Speed Urban Arterials, Part I, Henry C. Brown, Samuel Labi, Andrzej P. Tarko, Jon D. Fricker

JTRP Technical Reports

A highway system serves two needs: mobility and accessibility. Access control techniques are used to restrict access to the highway and improve vehicle flow. The objective of this research was to develop a comprehensive procedure to evaluate access control alternatives. The procedure includes the design and quantitative evaluation of alternatives to select the best one. Evaluation of each alternative includes prediction of turning volumes, delays, crash rates, and economic effectiveness. Several existing models predict traffic delays for signalized intersections and for minor streams at unsignalized intersections. Models are needed to predict delays of arterial streams caused by minor streams at …