Process Control and Systems Commons^™

Fermentability Of Concentrated Sulfuric Acid Hydrolyzates From Aspenwood And Pinewood, Kando Janga

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

The fermentability of hydrolyzates derived from two-stage concentrated sulfuric acid hydrolysis of Trembling aspen (Populus tremula) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) were investigated. Three types of hydrolyzates were produced at mild, moderate and high decrystallization severity conditions. Portions of each of the original hydrolyzates were concentrated by vacuum evaporation to increase the sugar fraction to simulate industrial applications. Both sets of hydrolyzates were fermented anaerobically using Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 96581. After 23 hours of fermentation, complete glucose consumption was observed for all the original hydrolyzates, with no signs of inhibition. The ethanol yields from these hydrolyzates ranged from 68% to …

Machine Learning Based Applications For Data Visualization, Modeling, Control, And Optimization For Chemical And Biological Systems, Yan Ma

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

This dissertation report covers Yan Ma’s Ph.D. research with applicational studies of machine learning in manufacturing and biological systems. The research work mainly focuses on reaction modeling, optimization, and control using a deep learning-based approaches, and the work mainly concentrates on deep reinforcement learning (DRL). Yan Ma’s research also involves with data mining with bioinformatics. Large-scale data obtained in RNA-seq is analyzed using non-linear dimensionality reduction with Principal Component Analysis (PCA), t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE), and Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP), followed by clustering analysis using k-Means and Hierarchical Density-Based Spatial Clustering with Noise (HDBSCAN). This report focuses …

Pressure-Compensated Temperature Control In Rectification Column, Norkobilov Adham, Turakulov Zafar, Kamolov Azizbek, Talipov Hojiakbar

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

The focus of this work is to study the control of a rectification column (RC) for separating n-butane (nC4) and n-pentane (nC5) mixtures. Two control structures based on conventional temperature control (TC) and pressure-compensated control (PTC) structures are studied and compared using Aspentech software. The control performance of TC and PTC are investigated in terms of the control of component purities in both distillate and bottoms streams, under various disturbances in feed and pressure conditions. Due to pressure compensation, PTC is superior to TC in terms of purity and impurity control under disturbances in feed and pressure conditions. Accordingly, simulation …

Integrated Cyberattack Detection And Resilient Control Strategies Using Lyapunov-Based Economic Model Predictive Control, Henrique Oyama, Helen Durand

Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Faculty Research Publications

The use of an integrated system framework, characterized by numerous cyber/physical components (sensor measurements, signals to actuators) connected through wired/wireless networks, has not only increased the ability to control industrial systems, but also the vulnerabilities to cyberattacks. State measurement cyberattacks could pose threats to process control systems since feedback control may be lost if the attack policy is not thwarted. Motivated by this, we propose three detection concepts based on Lyapunov‐based economic model predictive control (LEMPC) for nonlinear systems. The first approach utilizes randomized modifications to an LEMPC formulation online to potentially detect cyberattacks. The second method detects attacks when …

Process Improvement And Microbial Characterisation Of Biological Nitrogen Removal For Tropical Wastewater With Low Chemical Oxygen Demand/Nitrogen Ratio, How Seow Wah

Student Works (2020-2029)

Malaysia has one of the most established biological nitrogen removal in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) among the developing Southeast Asian countries. The current WWTPs’ design and operating guidelines in Malaysia are mainly derived from other developed countries with more experiences in operating biological nitrogen removal. These design guidelines are good practices for WWTPs in the temperate climate region, but may not be optimal for the local wastewater characteristics and tropical climate in Malaysia. The local wastewater industry is keen to improve the design and operation of WWTPs to reduce the energy consumption and operating cost, which helps to foster a …

Conceptual Basis For Modeling Multi-Cordinate Mechatronic Robot Modules, Yusupbekov Azizbek Nodirbekovich, Nazarov Khayriddin Nuritdinovich, Matyokubov Nurbek Rustamovich, Temurbek Omonboyevich Rakhimov

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

The conceptual foundations of modeling multi-coordinate mechatronic modules of robots are considered. The use of a multi-coordinate mechatronic movement module in robots made it possible to obtain at the output of one module several linear and angular coordinates, which reduces the weight and dimensions of the robot and thereby improves its dynamic characteristics. The proposed original concept of the mathematical description of a multi-coordinate mechatronic module, which is focused on displaying their structural and operating features. A structural diagram of a developed industrial robot operating in a Cartesian coordinate system and built on the basis of a multi-coordinate mechatronic module …

Identification Of Transition Matrix Of Controlled Objects Under Parametric Uncertainty Condition, Uktam Farkhodovich Mamirov

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

The questions of formation and construction of algorithms for identification of elements of the transition matrix of controlled objects in conditions of parametric uncertainty are considered. To identify elements of the transition matrix, we suggest using a custom model based on the type of Kalman filtration equations. Algorithms for stable calculation of a pseudo-inverse matrix using matrix decomposition are analyzed. Regular algorithms for solving argumentative problems of minimization of the identification quality criterion are given. These algorithms allow us to regularize the problem of adaptive identification of the transition matrix of an object based on regular methods for minimizing functionals …

Detection Method For “Denial Of Service” Attacks On Web Applications, Azizbek Ravshonbek Ugli Ibrohimov

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

A method for detecting denial-of-service attacks on web applications based on the use of a multi-layer perceptron is considered. The main issues related to the use of the neural network are described: the process of collecting and preparing statistical data, the features of forming indicators that characterize the state of the web application, as well as the issues of training and evaluating the quality of the neural network.

Structural – Parametric Analysis And Synthesis Of Glass Furnace Condition Observer, Utkir Uktam O‘G‘Li Kholmanov

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

A modified Kalman filter of the glass cooking process is synthesized, taking into account perturbations in the form of a sequence of colored noises. The possibility of expanding this filter by noise filters to improve functioning in the presence of low-frequency disturbances is studied and a corresponding estimation scheme with additional noise filters is proposed. The results of the simulation allow us to assume that low-frequency disturbances in the glass furnace act at the input and affect the state of the control object.

Ecg Processing And Analysis Technique Based On Neural Network Learning Vector Quantization, Talat Madievich Magrupov, Sherzod Kalandarovich Nеmatov, Yokubjon Talatovich Talatov

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

The main parameters of the electrocardiogram (ECG) were processed on the basis of the neural network apparatus. A decision support algorithm for ECG analysis using a neural network for learning vector quantization is proposed. For the study was chosen such features as the duration of QRS complex, RR interval, amplitude of R-wave and the change in the slope of ST segment and heart rate, which are five inputs to the neural network learning vector quantization. Methods of pre-processing and analysis of extraction of ECG functions based on the ECG database of a medical institution in Matlab are presented. The generalized …

Optimal Ratio Of Primary And Secondary Clarifier Characteristics In Wastewater Treatment Plants, Makhsud Idrisovich Makhmudov, Zafarbek Esanovich Kuziev, Siroj Sobirovich Nurov, Sanjar Siroj Ugli Sidikov

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

The issues of optimization of aerobic biological wastewater treatment processes are considered. Optimal ratios of characteristics and sizes of primary and secondary sedimentation tanks, as well as their relationship with the concentration of activated sludge by volume, are revealed. Graphical representations of the dependence of the volumes of primary, secondary and total volumes of structures on the concentration of activated sludge in cleaning processes with low and high loads are obtained. Experimental studies have shown that the concentration of activated sludge in the aeration tank and the silt index directly affect the deposition characteristics of activated sludge, in particular the …

Static Characteristics Of Thermal Humidity Converters Of Liquid Materials In Continuous Flow, N.I. Avezova, P.R. Ismatullaev, Paraxat Matyakubova

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

Thermal systems with distributed heat sources based on a pipeline segment with radial holes are proposed for the development of designs of thermal humidity converters for liquid materials. Across the liquid flow there are tubular arguments with cylindrical heat-sensitive elements, on the surface of which the heating element winding was wound, which significantly increased their sensitivity, speed, reliability and allowed the use of standard semiconductor heat-sensitive elements.

A Study Of Static And Dynamic Characteristics Of Multifunctional Signal Converters, Akmal Abdumalikov

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

The issues of continuity, accuracy, speed and reliability of signal conversion, which are the main problems of quality control and management of production processes, remain relevant. Research shows that in practice there are different signal variables, the study of which is highly formalized in a number of modeling tasks and basic classification studies, in particular transients in converters, its sources and elements requires a unified mathematical approach, that is, visual, highly formalized modeling and research based on it. The paper presents a graph model of multifunctional signal converters that provide microprocessor and electronic devices with signals in the form of …

A Study Of Security Problems In Big Data And Their Solutions, Nozima Akhmedova

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

Statistical data on information security that concerns Big Data and is the most important for enterprises are provided. Based on this data, we studied problems such as the lack of big data practices and protection, the lack of techniques for protecting big data, the lack of standards for protecting big data, the lack of regulation of big data and ecosystems, security problems in Big Data, and proposed several proposals to improve the security of systems that use this technology.

Capacity Transformer Of Coaxial And Cylindrical Form Of Humidity Meter, Erkin Uljaev, Utkirjon Murodillaevich Ubaydullaev, Shohrux Nurali O'G'Li Narzullaev

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

The question of development and calculation of construction of a coaxial and cylindrical form of the capacity transformer of a humidity meter is considered. As basic data, the sizes and the materials ditches allowing to measure the humidity of different volumes of bulks from 5 to 50 gr are selected. As materials of a ditch, plastic are selected, and as tanks, the magnetizing materials are selected. It is briefly cited the advantages and disadvantages of ways to measure humidity and the basic dielectric characteristics of capacitive converters. The electrical replacement scheme of the proposed capacitive converter was provided and the …

Reliable Risk Assessment Method For Effective Organization Of Information Security At Enterprise, Fayzullajon Bakhtiyorovich Botirov

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

The problems of the new industry 4.0 automation paradigm are considered and the latest technologies in the field of information and communication technologies that stimulate it are analyzed, including cyber-physical systems, cloud computing, the Internet of things and big data. Some methods of multidimensional, multi-faceted industrial representation and analysis of big data are proposed. The basics of big data processing using granular computing methods have been developed. Marked the emergence of the problem of creation of special cognitive tool for constructing artificial agents, understanding integrated intelligence enterprises. In the process of information protection at the enterprise, it is proposed to …

Analysis Of Information Security System Standards And Key Aspects Of Security Control, Abduhalil Abdujalilovich Ganiyev

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

The standards of the information security management system (IMS) are considered and the main aspects of information security management are studied, in particular the international standard ISO/IEC 27001, the Process approach to the management of IS, the stages of development of the information security management system. The measures taken for the organization of information security management systems are defined. Organizational measures include the implementation of information security management systems in the organization.

Thermal Control Development Of A Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell System, Ola Mohammed Taha Al-Shalash

Mechanical Engineering Theses

A fuel cell is an electrochemical energy conversion device that uses fuel to generate electricity. It basically converts the chemical energy of reactants directly into electricity without combustion. In a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC), the reactants, hydrogen and oxygen, are fed into the two electrodes, anode and cathode, respectively. A reaction takes place at each electrode and produces electricity, as well as water, and heat as the by-products. In order to maximize performance of a fuel cell, many factors can be considered for tuning and control. Temperature management is one of these factors.

A thermal-fluid model of a …

Interactions Between Control And Process Design Under Economic Model Predictive Control, Henrique Oyama, Helen Durand

Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Faculty Research Publications

conomic model predictive control (EMPC) is a model-based control scheme that integrates process control and economic optimization, which can potentially allow for time-varying operating policies to maximize economic performance. The manner in which an EMPC operates a process to optimize economics depends on the process dynamics, which are fixed by the process design. This raises the question of how process and EMPC designs interact. Works which have addressed process and control design interactions for steady-state operation have sought to simultaneously develop process designs and control law parameters to find the most profitable way to operate a process that is able …

Cfd Modelling Of Multiphase Flow In Static Mixer, Silverrajan Viknesvaran

Student Works (2020-2029)

Modelling of Multiphase flow through a Kenics static mixer were presented in this paper. Multiphase mixing is a challenging process in industries such as pharmaceutical, food and petroleum since two-different phases can be immiscible towards each other. Stirred tank mixing is the most common method used in industries. However, this type of method costs a lot in terms of energy and manpower specially when mixing immiscible liquids. Hence, The Kenics Static Mixer could be a good solution for multiphase mixing when its correctly configured and studied. Two phases used in this paper were aqueous solution: refined CMC as continuous phase …

Quantitative Risk Assessment And Dispersion Modelling Using Aloha For Chlorine Gas Handling Facility, Kusala Uvaraja

Student Works (2020-2029)

Malay-Sino Chemical Industries Sdn Bhd (Lahat) is a chlor-alkali industry consist of Emergency Chlorine Gas Handling Facility (ECGHF) which have the tendency to affect the plant workers and nearby residential area in the event of accidental chlorine gas release. HAZOP tool with risk assessment was used to identify the hazard and quantifying the hazards in order to prioritize the recommendations at the ECGHF. Possible incident scenario was selected from the HAZOP outcome which was the chlorine gas release from the stack due to scrubbing flow failure. The consequences of the released chlorine gas to the atmosphere was simulated by using …

Thermodynamic Analysis And Optimization Of Organic Rankine Cycles Using 1-Butylpyridinium Tetrafluoroborate As A Geothermal Fluid, Kazemi Shabnam

Student Works (2020-2029)

Organic Rankine cycle (ORC) is a promising technology for electricity generation by utilizing heat sources at low to moderate temperature that ranges between 80-350° C. In the present work, an ionic liquid (1-butylpyridinium tetrafluoroborate, C9H14NBF4), a known green chemical and non-volatile compound with good thermal and chemical stability, significant heat capacity, low vapor pressure and a wide liquid temperature range (25 to 459 °C), is utilized as a geothermal fluid. Simulation and optimization were conducted for a basic organic Rankine cycle (basic ORC), a regenerative organic Rankine cycle (RORC) and a two-stage evaporative organic Rankine cycle (TSORC) by maximizing exergy …

Waste Cooking Oil Classification Using Artificial Intelligence Technology, Kar Sin Lau

Student Works (2020-2029)

Palm oil – one of the most common edible oil consumed in Malaysia. It is because Malaysia is one of the countries which supply palm oil to the global market and it is cheap to obtain for the consumer in Malaysia. Most of the Malaysian consume it via food preparation such as deep-frying and cooking. However, due to widely available for Malaysians, consumers also lacking awareness in dealing after using the edible oil. Most of the household consumers discard excess waste cooking oil (WCO) into sewage and with courtesy, some of them stored them in containers and sell to NGOs. …

Enhancing Practical Tractability Of Lyapunov-Based Economic Model Predictive Control, Helen Durand, Dominic Messina

Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Faculty Research Publications

Lyapunov-based economic model predictive control (LEMPC) is an optimization-based control design that computes economically-optimal control actions for a process while maintaining the closed-loop state within a bounded region of state-space; however, it may be difficult to design in practice without closed-loop simulations, as it requires an auxiliary stabilizing controller, Lyapunov function, and a number of sets to be developed to ensure closed-loop stability. Practical application of this method could benefit from methods which make it more likely that, without simulations to identify aspects of the control design that would provide stability, controller parameters can be selected that would maintain stability. …

Mitigating Cyberattack Impacts Using Lyapunov-Based Economic Model Predictive Control, Helen Durand, Matthew Wegener

Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Faculty Research Publications

One of the pressing concerns for next-generation manufacturing is the development of techniques for guaranteeing that a control system is cyberattack-resilient in the sense that even if a cyberattack is successful at breaking information technology-based defenses (e.g., it succeeds at providing a false sensor measurement to the controller), closed-loop stability is still maintained. Our prior work has provided a nonlinear systems definition for cyberattacks. This work explores how a nonlinear systems perspective on cyberattack-resilience for false sensor measurements provided to controllers may allow an economic model predictive control (EMPC) formulation known as Lyapunov-based EMPC (LEMPC) to be designed such that …

Lyapunov-Based Economic Model Predictive Control With Taylor Series State Approximations, Keshav Kasturi Rangan, Helen Durand

Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Faculty Research Publications

A method for integrating optimization and control during on-line process operation is known as economic model predictive control (EMPC). EMPC optimizes a general cost function which reflects process economics subject to a model of the process. One formulation of EMPC which can maintain closed-loop stability in the presence of sufficiently small disturbances is Lyapunov-based EMPC (LEMPC). In this work, we make precise connections between closed-loop stability considerations under LEMPC and numerical approximations (via Taylor series) of the solution of the nonlinear dynamic model of the process used in the controller. A chemical process example is utilized to demonstrate the concepts …

Study Of Rheological Properties Of Solutions And Pulp During Dicalcium Phosphate Formation Process, Navruzbek Ibraimovich Khurramov, Tulkin Isamurodovich Nurmurodov, Nilufar Negboevna Bozorova, Zarifa Umarovna Karimova

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

This article presents the rheological properties of suspensions obtained on the basis of nitric acid decomposition of unfired phosphorites of the Central Kyzylkum, as well as the chemical compositions of dicalcium phosphate and solid residues after the filtration process. The mass-spectral analysis of the pure dicalcium phosphate salt obtained by ammonization of the liquid part separated from the solid residue and subjected to filtration was studied.

Developing Highly Efficient Industrial Contact Heat Exchanger, Khoshim Shayimovich Bakhronov, Abdumalik Abduvahobovich Akhmatov, Yorkin Bakhodirovich Kadirov

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

The paper presents the results of an experimental study of the intensification of heat transfer of a swirling flow in a cylindrical channel with two tangential and axial swirlers. During the experiments, such parameters were measured as: air flow in front of the vortex apparatus; hot water consumption; pressure drop in the vortex apparatus; temperature of working media at the inlet to the apparatus and at the outlet of it. A method for intensifying the heat transfer process, which is based on swirling a gas stream by its tangential supply, has been developed and investigated. Experimental studies of the intensity …

Image Processing Of Technological Objects, Lyudmila Petrovna Varlamova

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

The article considers the problem of creating a smoke detection and fire detection system for technological objects. Fire detection is carried out using a vision system. Monitoring of technological objects is carried out using an unmanned aerial vehicle. For further actions, processing and classification of images is necessary. When observing the technological apparatuses of the chemical and petrochemical industry, problems arise associated with the large size, distribution and extent of objects. There may be situations in which there are violations of the technological regulations and, as a result, the occurrence of fire, fire and smoke. Using the technology of unmanned …

Analysis Of Information Security Methods In Biosystems And Application Of Intelligent Tools In Information Security Systems, Sherzod Sayfullaev

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

In this paper, the methods of information protection in bio systems are studied. The paper considers the use of intelligent tools in information security systems and the use of adaptive information security systems. Several articles on the field of information protection in bio systems are analyzed. Disadvantages and advantages of neural network technologies in modern information security systems are described. The characteristics of bio systems and the specificity of DNA, the main features of the DNA code that provide information security and functional stability of bio systems data protection structure. Application of intelligent tools to create a comprehensive adaptive protection …