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Articles 31 - 41 of 41
Full-Text Articles in Process Control and Systems
Mitigating Cyberattack Impacts Using Lyapunov-Based Economic Model Predictive Control, Helen Durand, Matthew Wegener
Mitigating Cyberattack Impacts Using Lyapunov-Based Economic Model Predictive Control, Helen Durand, Matthew Wegener
Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Faculty Research Publications
One of the pressing concerns for next-generation manufacturing is the development of techniques for guaranteeing that a control system is cyberattack-resilient in the sense that even if a cyberattack is successful at breaking information technology-based defenses (e.g., it succeeds at providing a false sensor measurement to the controller), closed-loop stability is still maintained. Our prior work has provided a nonlinear systems definition for cyberattacks. This work explores how a nonlinear systems perspective on cyberattack-resilience for false sensor measurements provided to controllers may allow an economic model predictive control (EMPC) formulation known as Lyapunov-based EMPC (LEMPC) to be designed such that …
Lyapunov-Based Economic Model Predictive Control With Taylor Series State Approximations, Keshav Kasturi Rangan, Helen Durand
Lyapunov-Based Economic Model Predictive Control With Taylor Series State Approximations, Keshav Kasturi Rangan, Helen Durand
Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Faculty Research Publications
A method for integrating optimization and control during on-line process operation is known as economic model predictive control (EMPC). EMPC optimizes a general cost function which reflects process economics subject to a model of the process. One formulation of EMPC which can maintain closed-loop stability in the presence of sufficiently small disturbances is Lyapunov-based EMPC (LEMPC). In this work, we make precise connections between closed-loop stability considerations under LEMPC and numerical approximations (via Taylor series) of the solution of the nonlinear dynamic model of the process used in the controller. A chemical process example is utilized to demonstrate the concepts …
Mitigating Safety Concerns And Profit/Production Losses For Chemical Process Control Systems Under Cyberattacks Via Design/Control Methods, Helen Durand, Matthew Wegener
Mitigating Safety Concerns And Profit/Production Losses For Chemical Process Control Systems Under Cyberattacks Via Design/Control Methods, Helen Durand, Matthew Wegener
Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Faculty Research Publications
One of the challenges for chemical processes today, from a safety and profit standpoint, is the potential that cyberattacks could be performed on components of process control systems. Safety issues could be catastrophic; however, because the nonlinear systems definition of a cyberattack has similarities to a nonlinear systems definition of faults, many processes have already been instrumented to handle various problematic input conditions. Also challenging is the question of how to design a system that is resilient to attacks attempting to impact the production volumes or profits of a company. In this work, we explore a process/equipment design framework for …
Responsive Economic Model Predictive Control For Next-Generation Manufacturing, Helen Durand
Responsive Economic Model Predictive Control For Next-Generation Manufacturing, Helen Durand
Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Faculty Research Publications
There is an increasing push to make automated systems capable of carrying out tasks which humans perform, such as driving, speech recognition, and anomaly detection. Automated systems, therefore, are increasingly required to respond to unexpected conditions. Two types of unexpected conditions of relevance in the chemical process industries are anomalous conditions and the responses of operators and engineers to controller behavior. Enhancing responsiveness of an advanced control design known as economic model predictive control (EMPC) (which uses predictions of future process behavior to determine an economically optimal manner in which to operate a process) to unexpected conditions of these types …
Process/Equipment Design Implications For Control System Cybersecurity, Helen Durand
Process/Equipment Design Implications For Control System Cybersecurity, Helen Durand
Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Faculty Research Publications
An emerging challenge for process safety is process control system cybersecurity. An attacker could gain control of the process actuators through the control system or communication policies within control loops and potentially drive the process state to unsafe conditions. Cybersecurity has traditionally been handled as an information technology (IT) problem in the process industries. In the literature for cybersecurity specifically of control systems, there has been work aimed at developing control designs that seek to fight cyberattacks by either giving the system appropriate response mechanisms once attacks are detected or seeking to make the attacks difficult to perform. In this …
On Accounting For Equipment-Control Interactions In Economic Model Predictive Control Via Process State Constraints, Helen Durand
On Accounting For Equipment-Control Interactions In Economic Model Predictive Control Via Process State Constraints, Helen Durand
Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Faculty Research Publications
Traditionally, chemical processes have been operated at steady-state; however, recent work on economic model predictive control (EMPC) has indicated that some processes may be operated in a more economically-optimal fashion under a time-varying operating policy. It is unclear how time-varying operating policies may impact process equipment, which must be investigated for safety and profit reasons. It has traditionally been considered that constraints on process states can be added to EMPC design to prevent the controller from computing control actions which create problematic operating conditions for process equipment. However, no rigorous investigation has yet been performed to analyze whether, when a …
A Nonlinear Systems Framework For Cyberattack Prevention For Chemical Process Control Systems, Helen Durand
A Nonlinear Systems Framework For Cyberattack Prevention For Chemical Process Control Systems, Helen Durand
Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Faculty Research Publications
Recent cyberattacks against industrial control systems highlight the criticality of preventing future attacks from disrupting plants economically or, more critically, from impacting plant safety. This work develops a nonlinear systems framework for understanding cyberattack-resilience of process and control designs and indicates through an analysis of three control designs how control laws can be inspected for this property. A chemical process example illustrates that control approaches intended for cyberattack prevention which seem intuitive are not cyberattack-resilient unless they meet the requirements of a nonlinear systems description of this property.
Economic Model Predictive Control Design Via Nonlinear Model Identification, Laura Giuliani, Helen Durand
Economic Model Predictive Control Design Via Nonlinear Model Identification, Laura Giuliani, Helen Durand
Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Faculty Research Publications
Increasing pushes toward next-generation/smart manufacturing motivate the development of economic model predictive control (EMPC) designs which can be practically deployed. For EMPC, the constraints, objective function, and accuracy of the state predictions would benefit from process models that describe the process physics. However, obtaining first- principles models of chemical process systems can be time-consuming or challenging such that it is preferable to develop physics-based process models automatically from process operating data. In this work, we take initial steps in this direction by suggesting that because experiments that are used to characterize first-principles models often target specific types of data, an …
State Measurement Spoofing Prevention Through Model Predictive Control Design, Helen Durand
State Measurement Spoofing Prevention Through Model Predictive Control Design, Helen Durand
Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Faculty Research Publications
Security of chemical process control systems against cyberattacks is critical due to the potential for injuries and loss of life when chemical process systems fail. A potential means by which process control systems may be attacked is through the manipulation of the measurements received by the controller. One approach for addressing this is to design controllers that make manipulating the measurements received by the controller in any meaningful fashion very difficult, making the controllers a less attractive target for a cyberattack of this type. In this work, we develop a model predictive control (MPC) implementation strategy that incorporates Lyapunov-based stability …
Data-Based Nonlinear Model Identification In Economic Model Predictive Control, Laura Giuliani, Helen Durand
Data-Based Nonlinear Model Identification In Economic Model Predictive Control, Laura Giuliani, Helen Durand
Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Faculty Research Publications
Many chemical/petrochemical processes in industry are not completely modeled from a first-principles perspective because of the complexity of the underlying physico-chemical phenomena and the cost of obtaining more accurate, physically relevant models. System identification methods have been utilized successfully for developing empirical, though not necessarily physical, models for advanced model-based control designs such as model predictive control (MPC) for decades. However, a fairly recent development in MPC is economic model predictive control (EMPC), which is an MPC formulated with an economics-based objective function that may operate a process in a dynamic (i.e., off steady-state) fashion, in which case the details …
Cfd/Fea Of A Steam Methane Reforming Tube, Matthew Wegener
Cfd/Fea Of A Steam Methane Reforming Tube, Matthew Wegener
Research Opportunities for Engineering Undergraduates (ROEU) Program 2017-18
Steam methane reforming is the primary method by which hydrogen is produced; increased efficiency in hydrogen production could enable hydrogen’s usage as an alternative fuel. The objectives of this project are to construct a robust CFD/FEA model of a steam methane reforming tube, and to perform CFD/FEA analysis in both steady and transient operational states, comparing thermal stresses/strains in the tube wall in the two states and relating tube stresses/strains to properties of the process controller.