Other Chemical Engineering Commons^™

Neural Network Technologies In The Automatical Control Systems Of Absorption Process For Pureficating Natural Gas, Abdishukurov Maqsudovich Shavkat Mr, Xuecheng Li Li Xuecheng Mr

Technical science and innovation

Analysis of methods and algorithms for synthesizing adaptive control systems for technological processes based on the neural network approach is carried out in this search. The stages of mathematical modeling of complex technological processes using neural network technology were considered. Additionally, an algorithm for solving the interpolation and extrapolation problem that arises in the training process a neural network to control system was proposed. At the final stage of this article, algorithms based on neural network technology are synthesized for the control system for the parameters of the technological process of natural gas purification by absorption

Integrasi Metodologi Hazop Dalam Pengendalian Risiko Dan Keberlanjutan Operasional Pada Unit Pemulihan Urea: Studi Kasus Pada Industri Pupuk, Riny Yolandha Parapat, Arin Nur'aini Putri, Aryasatya Ramadhan Sukresno

National Journal of Occupational Health and Safety

The fertilizer industry is one of the chemical sectors with high-risk potential due to its operational processes involving hazardous materials as well as extreme pressure and temperature conditions. This study aims to identify and analyze hazards in the urea recovery unit using the Hazard and Operability Study (HAZOP) method, while also formulating effective risk control strategies to support the operational sustainability of the plant. The study was conducted directly at a commercial fertilizer plant in West Java using a semi-quantitative approach, which included field observations, review of technical documents such as Process Flow Diagrams (PFD), Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams (P&ID), …

High-Surface-Area Ficus Leaf-Extracted Cuo-Zno-Nio Ternary Nanocomposites For Rapid Adsorption-Assisted Uv-A Degradation Of Direct Blue 15, Kafa’A H. Ali, Mohammed A. Atiya, Ahmed K. Hassan

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

Direct Blue 15 (DB15) is a long-lasting synthetic dye that pollutes water and is difficult to remove during wastewater treatment. Conventional treatments fail to remove DB15 adequately due to rapid electron-hole recombination, which necessitates photocatalysts with reduced recombination rates for effective dye removal. The study aims to synthesize and evaluate a CuO-ZnO-NiO ternary system as an integrated adsorption and UV-A photocatalysis platform for DB15 removal. Ficus leaf-extracted CuO-ZnO-NiO nanocomposites with four Cu:Zn:Ni ratios (1:1:1, 1:1:2, 1:2:1, 2:1:1) were prepared by co-precipitation, followed by extensive chemical and physical characterization and dye-removal performance measurements. The CuO-ZnO-NiO nanocomposite exhibited hexagonal zinc oxide, cubic …

Optimization Of Renewable Energy-Based Alkaline Electrolysis Systems For Sustainable Hydrogen Production, Shokhrukhbek Kozimjon Ugli Bakhramov

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

This paper presents a comprehensive optimization study of hydrogen production systems through alkaline water electrolysis powered by photovoltaic energy sources, with a specific focus on Central Asian applications. The research systematically investigates critical operating parameters including KOH electrolyte concentration (25-30 wt%), temperature effects (25-80°C), current density optimization (100-500 mA/cm²), and electrode material performance using cost-effective 316L stainless steel. Experimental results demonstrate that optimized systems achieve solar-to-hydrogen efficiency of 13-15%, with hydrogen production costs ranging from $2-8/kg depending on system scale. The study reveals that maximum performance occurs at 30 wt% KOH concentration, 60-80°C operating temperature, and 200-400 mA/cm² current density. …

A Comparative Study Of Tin Electrorefining In Molten Licl–Kcl–Cacl₂: Experimental Two-Electrode Current Control And Theoretical Three-Electrode Potential Control, Bryant Johnson, George Ankrah, Ander Fuller, Devin Rappleye

Reviews, Analyses, and Instructional Studies in Electrochemistry (RAISE)

Molten salt electrorefining is a mature technology for metal recovery, yet conventional current‑controlled, two‑electrode operation provides limited electrochemical selectivity and restricted insight into electrode‑specific behavior. In this work, a simplified model is developed to compare current‑controlled two‑electrode electrorefining data with a potential‑controlled three‑electrode electrorefining simulation using tin in molten LiCl–KCl–CaCl₂ as a surrogate for plutonium processing. The model examines anodic and cathodic limitations under fixed‑potential operation and evaluates implications for selectivity, efficiency, and runtime relative to experimentally demonstrated two‑electrode performance. Results indicate that independent potential control enables operation closer to thermodynamic selectivity limits, with the potential to suppress impurity oxidation …

Modified Anodic Stripping Voltammetry For In Situ Analysis Of Liquid Metal Composition In Molten Salt Electrorefining Systems, James H. Manner

Reviews, Analyses, and Instructional Studies in Electrochemistry (RAISE)

The development of in-situ analytical techniques for high-temperature molten salt systems is critical for advancing electrorefining in nuclear fuel recycling and metallurgical purification. This study proposes Modified Anodic Stripping Voltammetry (MASV), using a “dip-and-strip” approach where a tungsten electrode captures molten Sn–Ni alloy before stripping in LiCl–KCl–CaCl₂ at 415 °C. OCP results showed rapid loss of the metal layer due to poor wetting, and stripping peaks gave compositions inconsistent with the alloy, likely reflecting Sn/Sn²⁺ and Sn²⁺/Sn⁴⁺ redox processes. These results highlight interfacial limitations and the need for improved electrode materials and surface modification.

Review And Analysis Of Methods And Techniques For Refining Vegetable Oils, Umidjon Ruziev, Marufjon K. Shodiev

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

This article provides a comparative analysis of the main methods of vegetable oil refining: alkaline (chemical), physical, and combined. It examines the stages of the technological process and the applicability of each method for various types of oils (palm, soybean, cottonseed, sunflower, rapeseed, etc.). Attention is paid to energy consumption at the stages of neutralization, washing, drying, and deodorization, as well as the impact of equipment performance on specific energy consumption. Approximate calculations of the distribution of thermal and electrical energy during the processing of 1 kg of oil are provided. It is noted that physical refining, despite the high …

Predicting Simulation Times For Multiphase Thermal-Hydraulic Models, Andrew Yule, Andrew Taylor

SMU Data Science Review

Addressing the challenge of computationally intensive OLGA

simulations in the oil and gas industry, a machine learning framework is

developed for accurate runtime prediction. A specialized feature extraction

pipeline identifies key parameters—such as simulation time, time step,

number of branches, and section count—from OLGA input files that serve as

high-impact predictors. Multiple predictive models, including regression,

tree-based ensembles, and neural networks, are implemented to validate

accuracy and robustness. Results reveal that prioritizing simulations based on

predicted runtimes optimizes licensing resources and reduces operational

costs, making real-time scheduling more efficient. This research demonstrates

the effectiveness of data-driven runtime prediction in enhancing …

Separation Of Fatty Acids From Horse Fat And Their Analysis, Sherzod Y. Rakhmanov, Madina O. Khamidovа, Dilshod P. Rakhimov, Rashidah Sokur, Nuriddin T. Kenjaev

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

A distinctive feature of horse fat from other animal fats is the presence of amino acids and keratin in its composition, which are not found in other oils, including polyunsaturated fatty acids, proteins, microelements, vitamins A, E, PP, B. The aim of this work is to separate fatty acids from horse fat and analyze them. The process of separating fatty acids included the stages of saponification with sodium hydroxide, decomposition of the resulting soaps in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid. The study of the composition of the separated fatty acids by the chromatograph mass spectrometric method of analysis established …

Modern Ir-Spectroscopic Methods For The Analysis Of Hydroxybenzene-Methanal Resin Obtained On The Basis Of 2,5-Furandion, Sherali Anvarovich Umarov, Ravshan Israilovich Ismailov Ismailov

Technical science and innovation

The chemical changes occurring during the synthesis of hydroxybenzene-methanal resins obtained on the basis of 2,5-furandion under various ratios and temperature conditions were investigated using the IR spectroscopic method. Analysis of the compositional changes in the resin during the production of the thermoreactive resin revealed that the content of hydroxyl groups (~3300–3500 cm⁻¹) decreased, while the aldehyde groups (~1700–1750 cm⁻¹) increased; moreover, the presence of ether groups (~1050–1150 cm⁻¹) indicated that the process was successful. The synthesis of resins based on thermoreactive hydroxybenzene-methanal resins was carried out at high temperatures (70°C, 80°C, 95°C). During the identification of the functional groups …

A Comparison Of Unconventional Microwave And Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Methods Used For Flavonoids, Istiqomah Rahmawati, Daffa Hafiziaulhaq Azizi, Jihan Nafila Wibowo, Muhammad Reza, Boy Arief Fachri, Bekti Palupi, Meta Fitri Rizkiana, Helda Wika Amini, Ifan Ramadana, Felix Arie Setiawan

Makara Journal of Science

Cocoa pods (Theobroma cacao L.) are a rich source of flavonoids, which are natural antioxidants known for their health benefits. This study investigated the use of microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and ultrasound-assisted ex-traction (UAE) to extract the maximum flavonoids and antioxidants from cocoa pods. MAE and UAE are efficient and sustainable methods for extracting bioactive compounds like flavonoids and antioxidants from cocoa pods, offer-ing faster extraction, reduced solvent use, and better compound preservation compared to conventional methods. These technologies unlock the untapped potential of cocoa pods for applications in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuti-cals. The effects of extraction time (2–10 min), microwave …

Chitosan Extraction From Anabas Testudineus Scales For Enhancing The Properties Of Edible Corn Starch-Based Films: Characterization And Performance Evaluation, Yuli Ristianingsih, Ivan Aldino Hernadin, Daniel Timotius

Makara Journal of Science

The papuyu fish (Anabas testudineus) is a freshwater species found in South and Southeast Asia. It is known for its ability to survive in extreme conditions, such as low oxygen levels and poor water quality, making it a potential candi-date for climate-resilient aquaculture. In this study, chitosan was extracted from the scales of papuyu fish through de-mineralization using 1 N HCl solution, deproteination using 5% NaOH solution, and deacetylation using 70% NaOH solution, resulting in an overall yield of 5.11%. The extracted chitosan was added to edible film made from corn starch, and the properties of the prepared films were …

Development Of A Spray Pipe Evaporator For Application On Unproductive Salt Farm Land In Indonesia, Srie Muljani, Ketut Sumada, Alfian Rizki Pradana, Caecilia Pujiastuti

ASEAN Journal of Community Engagement

This article discusses the development of a prototype spray pipe evaporator and its efficiency in producing salt in Indonesia. Due to the length of the salt harvesting season in Indonesia, many salt farmers have closed their business doors, leaving many salt ponds abandoned. The spray pipe evaporator prototype was designed to produce a brine solution with a salinity of 23–24 Be from seawater, which has a salinity of 2.5–3.5 Be, in less than 3 days. This is faster than the conventional process of a brine solution salinity of 24 Be. The prototype spray pipe evaporator was assessed in a 20 …

Black Soldier Fly Larvae (Bsfl) Bioconversion For Circular Economy: A Study In Polaman Village, Siswo Sumardiono, Rizka Amalia, Syaikha Butsaina Dhiya’Ulhaq, Nurika Nazilatul Ilmi, Hermawan Dwi Ariyanto

ASEAN Journal of Community Engagement

Conventional organic waste management methods often lead to environmental degradation and underutilization of valuable resources. In rural areas, such as Polaman Village, limited awareness and inefficient disposal systems exacerbate these issues, thus necessitating innovative and sustainable solutions. This study explores black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) bioconversion as a community-based solution for organic waste management, addresses environmental challenges, and promotes economic empowerment by converting waste into valuable by-products. The study employed a mixed-methods approach, beginning with baseline assessments of waste generation and existing management practices to identify community needs. Educational workshops and hands-on training sessions introduced BSFL bioconversion techniques to local …

Strategic Site Selection For Bio-Lng Plant In Indonesia: A Multi-Criteria Scoring Method Approach, Edma Nadhif Oktariani, Yuliusman Yuliusman

Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings

In Indonesia, the energy sector is still predominantly reliant on fossil fuels, with renewable energy, including liquefied biomethane (Bio-LNG), playing a limited role. Nonetheless, Indonesia has significant potential for Bio-LNG development due to its abundant organic waste resources such as Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) from palm oil mills. Having approximately 891 Palm Oil Mills in Indonesia and being spread mostly in Sumatra, this study aims to select a strategic location for a Bio-LNG plant that can enhance logistical efficiency and economic viability for the plant. This study uses Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) methodologies to assess potential sites based on …

Kinetics Model Of Cananga (Cananga Odorata) Fresh Flower Extraction Using Microwave Hydrodistillation Method, Darnengsih Darnengsih, Hikmatun Ni’Mah, Mahfud Mahfud, Ayu Chandra Kartika Fitri

Makara Journal of Science

Recent studies have focused on improving essential oil extraction methods by incorporating advanced technologies, such as microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (MHD). Despite these advancements, further research is necessary to fully understand how different kinetic models influence extraction efficiency. This study evaluates several kinetic models for extracting essential oil from fresh Cananga flowers using MHD, examining how varying microwave power affects extraction rates and correlates with kinetic model parameters. The extraction process involved introducing 200 grams of fresh Cananga flowers in 400 mL of distilled water and subjecting the mixture to microwave power levels of 200 W, 400 W, and 600 W. The …

Optimization Of Bioethanol Production Using An Enzymatic Hydrolysis Process With Green Algae (Chaetomorpha) As The Raw Material, Teuku Maimun, Mirna Rahmah Lubis, Muhammad Aldi Zein, Wahed Febbry Andriansyah Ali

Makara Journal of Technology

Bioethanol is an alternative fuel derived from biological feedstock used to decrease the reliance on fossil fuels because of increasing energy consumption associated with population growth and increased use of oil fuels. Bioethanol production has been widely conducted using several types of algae, but the optimal conditions for the hydrolysis and fermentation processes are not explained in more detail. Therefore, this study focuses on determining the optimal conditions for hydrolysis and fermentation to maximize the bioethanol yield. This study uses optimization based on the hydrolysis time, temperature, and pH to increase the reducing sugar content using high-performance liquid chromatography in …

Model To Demonstrate Effects Of Mass Transfer And Applied Current In An Electrolytic Cell, George Ankrah

Reviews, Analyses, and Instructional Studies in Electrochemistry (RAISE)

This study investigates the relationship between applied current and resulting cell potential in an electrolytic system, considering the transport of electroactive species. By applying Michael Faraday's laws of electrolysis and the Nernst-Planck equation, the behavior of electroactive species in diffusion-controlled systems with and without stirring is modeled. The plots demonstrate how stirring enhances ion transport and establishes a stable Nernst diffusion layer, affecting the kinetics of electrochemical reactions. Understanding these dynamics is crucial for optimizing electrolysis processes.

Review Of Cyclic Voltammetry Measurements For Uranium In Flinak Molten Salt, Jackson Ivory

Reviews, Analyses, and Instructional Studies in Electrochemistry (RAISE)

The electrochemical behavior of uranium FLiNaK molten salts is explored, focusing on cyclic voltammetry (CV) as a powerful tool for redox characterization and diffusion studies. Through a comprehensive review of recent research, the study highlights the significance of CV in understanding electrode kinetics, material compatibility, and process optimization in molten salt environments. The findings underscore the potential of FLiNaK molten salt reactors in advancing nuclear energy technologies, fuel processing, and waste management strategies. Collaborative interdisciplinary efforts are emphasized to address challenges and accelerate innovation in electrochemical methods for nuclear applications.

Model Of The Effect Of Voltage On Contact Angle In An Electrolytic Cell Reaction, Aaron Essilfie

Reviews, Analyses, and Instructional Studies in Electrochemistry (RAISE)

This paper investigates the hypothesis that the contact angle at the meniscus of an electrode-electrolyte can be altered during a redox reaction through the coupled understanding of electrowetting and capillarity rise. Recent studies in electrowetting have focused on dielectric surfaces but research on contact angle at the electrode-electrolyte surface is lacking. The study employs a basic electrolytic cell. By applying principles of electrowetting and capillary rise the research aims to understand the relationship between applied voltage and contact angle, to advancements in electrochemistry and microfluidics.

Study Of Reactive Distillation Equipment For Eterification Process, Abbos Elmanov, Abdulaziz Bakhtiyorov, Adham Norkobilov, Olimjon Maksudov, Zarif Oripov

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

The purpose of this work is to study the chemical technological processes for eterification processes, and the reactive distillation unit, which carries out the reaction and separation process in one device, was chosen as the object of research. А reаctive distillаtion system is exаmined to produce for the production of Ethyl Acetate (EtAc) viа eterificаtion of acetic acid (HAc) with ethаnol. Optimizаtion methods using sensitivity analysis аre аlso conducted. Cаlculаtion of vаpor liquid equilibrium of the mixture system is done using UNIFАC model. Heat integration from the distillate stream of the column to the acid feed stream and from bottom …

Research Of The Influence Of Physical And Chemical Properties Of Coal On The Gasification Process Using The Example Of Angren Brown Coal, Murodjon Mamitbekovich Kavkatbekov, Rakhimzhan Pachekhanovich Babakhodzhaev

Technical science and innovation

The influence of the properties of Angren brown on the process of layered gasification was studied. The dependence of the calorific value of the resulting gas on the quality characteristics of coal when using air as a gasifying agent has been established. Methods are shown for increasing the calorific value of gas obtained during the gasification process when using coal with different moisture content and different fractional composition. The features of technological processes in the reaction zones of a laboratory gas generator have been studied. Based on generally accepted methods, the volume fractions of flammable components, as well as the …

Artificial Neural Network Modeling Applied For Predicting Reformate Yield And Research Octane Number In The Reforming Process, Badiea S. Babaqi, Abdelrigeeb Ali Al-Gathe, Mohd S. Takriff, Hassimi Abu Hasan, Mohammed H. Al-Douh

Hadhramout University Journal of Natural & Applied Sciences

The prediction model of the continuous catalytic regeneration reforming process was developed for expecting the reformate yield and research octane number using an Artificial Neural Network technique (ANN) to improve the process performance. The proposed model includes temperatures, pressures, and hydrogen to hydrocarbon molar ratio as input parameters while the output of the process represents reformate yield and research octane number. The ANN model was carried out to estimate the process behavior based on the Levenberg-Marquardt Algorithm, which included the nine input parameters, two hidden layers (10-5 neurons), and two parameters as network outputs. The results obtained were that the …

Modeling Of Amine-Based Co2 Capture Process, Zafar Safarovich Turakulov

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

A significant factor influencing climate change is the release of carbon dioxide (CO₂) into the atmosphere as a consequence of human activities such as the combustion of fossil fuels. Climate change can be slowed down by taking action to mitigate industrial-scale CO₂ emissions. Currently, the most advanced technology for capturing CO₂ from industrial flue gases is the post-combustion CO₂ capture based on amine absorption. However, due to the high energy penalties of existing CO₂ capture technologies and insufficient carbon markets, it is necessary to develop methods that compete with these technologies or minimize their …

Robust Gasification Trial Results For A Variety Of Difficult-To-Recycle Packaging-Related Materials, Bruce A. Welt

Journal of Applied Packaging Research

Currently, recycling requires nearly absolute sorting of materials to accommodate the limited capabilities of existing recycling infrastructure. Whether a material is “recyclable” depends more on the method of recycling than the material itself. Our dependence upon sorting has limited success of recycling and has stifled our ability to achieve circular economy sustainability with plastic packaging materials. Our dependence upon sorting is rooted in our material-specific recycling processes. However, newer robust recycling processes are commercially available that reduce or eliminate the need to sort waste, and can convert mixed waste into primary feedstock chemicals, such as methanol for subsequent manufacture of …

Determination Of Oxidative Stability Of Crude And Refined Vegetable Oils By Rancimat, Oybek Zufarov, Kamar Serkayev

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

The oxidative stability of vegetable oils has been introduced as a critical factor that affects on its quality, shelf life, and nutritional value. In this study, the Rancimat method was analyzed for investigation and comparing the oxidative stability of crude and refined vegetable oils. The induction period, representing the time taken for significant oxidative degradation to occur, has been used as a key parameter to evaluate the oxidative stability. The oxidative stability of different types of vegetable oils, including sunflower, rapeseed, soybean, and cottonseed oil, was studied at various stages of processing: water degummed and neutralized oil. The induction period …

Utilization Of Biopertalite For Fuel Efficiency And Reduction In Co And Co2 Gas Emissions In Four-Wheel Motor Vehicles, Ridwan Iskandar, Hadiyanto Hadiyanto, Suherman Suherman, Zainul Akmar Zakaria

Makara Journal of Technology

Emissions of carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO2) gases are the main problem that must be rectified as they are harmful and contribute to global warming through the greenhouse gas effect. In Indonesia, motor vehicles, especially four wheelers, are one of the biggest contributors with up to 71 million tons of CO2 emissions and energy consumption of 179 million barrel of oil equivalent. Bioethanol has octane rating >100, which is higher than that of gasoline; and emission contribution of only 0.02 kg/L, which is lower than that from gasoline (2.23 kg/L). Accordingly, a mixture of gasoline and bioethanol is …

Effect Of Temperature, Catalyst Concentration And Time, On Polylactic Acid Production From Sisal Boles Juice By Ring Open Polymerization, Neema O. Msuya

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Polylactic acid (PLA) is a biodegradable and renewable alternative to non-biodegradable petrochemical-based polymers that is environmentally friendly and green. PLA can be made from a variety of agricultural wastes that contain sugars, such as sisal boles. This study aimed at analysing the possibility of producing PLA from lactic acid (LA) produced from sisal bole. A 2n factorial design was used to analyse the effects of temperature (160-180ºC), time (1-2 hrs) and tin octoate catalyst concentration (0.025-0.05%) on the PLA yield during polymerization. Minitab Version 20.2.0 was used to design the experiment and analyse the effects on the responses through ANOVA. …

Energy And Resource-Saving Method For Enriching The Waste Water Purified Without Sufficient Purification With Oxygen, Dilobar Khurramova, Mukhtor Khurramov, Sharifa Ganieva, Zulqaynar Nazirov

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

In order to implement a reliable and environmentally safe, economically viable method of wastewater enrichment, the goal is to develop an energy- and resource-saving method of oxygen enrichment of wastewater that has not undergone sufficient treatment. Cleaning is carried out in a tank, which is built using rock, which is an algal limestone. Limestone contributes to the improvement of the oxygen regime due to the “conservation” of organic matter in anoxic bottom layers and the acceleration of the process of photosynthesis of unicellular algae. Calcium carbonate is a reagent that provides not only automatic stabilization of water pH at 2/dm …

Anti-Corrosion Protection Of Metal Parts Of Transportation Equipment With A Polymer Coating Based On Epoxiurethane, Aida Barkhanadjyan, Ravshan Khakimov, Botir Ibragimov, Oybek Vafayev, Dmitriy Ayrapetov

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

Automotive vehicles are constantly exposed to corrosion processes, and the durability of metal parts depends on the intensity of corrosion. The loss of metals from corrosion is 8-10% of the initial metal mass. In total, losses from corrosion are 4-6% of national income in many countries. This indicates the need for research and the importance of scientific and technical work in this area. This can be achieved by developing a technology for producing anticorrosive compounds and applying them as protective coatings. The anticorrosive protection of a coating synthesized on the basis of local raw materials - epoxyurethane with an additive …