Chemical Engineering Commons^™

Design Of A Barge-Platform Marine Drilling Rig, Ely Schwartz

Masters Theses

"ln the quest for oil in the Gulf of Mexico, princi­pally off the coasts of Texas and Louisiana, unique types of drilling rigs able to cope with environmental conditions have been developed in the last several years. This development is highly specialized and has led to methods of operation revolutionary to the oil industry and is without precedent….

In designing a drilling platform there are three cardinal aims (1) low cost installation and operation, (2) ease of operation, (3) providing safe working condi­tions.

The initial problem is to extend the shore-based fabrication and reduce the offshore construction, foul weather delays, …

Synthesis Involving Waste Carbon Dioxide, Glenn Eldon Brand

Masters Theses

"Many industries, ranging from power plants to breweries, produce large quantities of carbon dioxide as a by-product. The burning of limestone with natural gas produces a relatively clean gas in which the carbon dioxide content may exceed 40 per cent. It is with this type gas that the present thesis will be concerned. In this process the burning of the limestone is accomplished by using natural gas as a fuel, burning usually under a pressure of about two pounds, and obtaining carbon dioxide from the combustion of the gas and the decomposition of the limestone. Such a plant producing 70 …

The Economic Factors Governing The Location And Design Of A Fish Meal Plant, William Henry Hellwege

Masters Theses

"It was the purpose of this work to make a comprehensive survey of the fish meal industry throughout the United States, to investigate the feasibility of increasing the production of fish meal along the Gulf Coast, and to propose a plant of assumed capacity for the processing of whole fish for the production of fish meal"--Introduction, page 2.

The Design, Construction, And Testing Of A Heat Exchanger For Determining Heat Transfer Coefficients For Liquids In Forced Convection Normal To Banks Of Staggered Tubes, Kenneth Edwin Rudert

Masters Theses

"Many studies of heat transmission have been carried out on various kinds of heat exchangers. Film coefficients have been determined and the data correlated by equations. In particular, film coefficients have been obtained for gases in turbulent flow normal to both a single cylinder and banks of staggered tubes. Very little data has been published on liquid film coefficients for flow at right angles, or normal to banks of staggered tubes...It is the purpose of this paper to present the results obtained from tests made on an originally designed heat exchanger built in the laboratory. The exchanger is a non-baffled …

Liquid-Vapor Equilibria In The System Methanol-Ethylene Glycol-Water, John Wilson Sjoberg

Masters Theses

"The freezing points of the system methanol-glycol-water were investigated by Conrad, Hill and Ballman to determine the suitability of such mixtures for use as an antifreeze. The low freezing points obtained seem to warrant further investigation of other properties of the system. Especially important would be the vapor-liquid equilibrium relations of the system, since one of the desirable features of such a mixture would be low vapor pressures. It is well known that when one substance is dissolved in another, each lowers the vapor pressure of the other. It was for the purpose of determining these relations that the present …

A Study Of Methods For The Removal Of Iron Compounds From Bauxites, Clays And Related Materials, Paul R. Kasten

Masters Theses

"It was the purpose of this work to investigate the possibilities of developing an extraction process which would remove practically all of the iron from bauxites at an economical cost without extracting much alumina. Such a process may also apply to high iron clays and related materials, and the possibilities of an extraction process for such minerals was included within the scope of the problem"--Introduction, page 2.

The Effects Of Low Concentrations Of Sulphur Dioxide On Oxidized Manganese Ores At Elevated Temperatures, William Henry Magill

Masters Theses

"Although there are large quantities of manganese ore in the United States, most of it is low-grade and cannot be used for the production of ferromanganese. Much government and private research has been done to concentrate the domestic low-grade ores but many problems have been encountered. A large number of treatments have been found necessary for ores from various sections of the country. Low-grade ores have been sulfated with sulfur dioxide in the gaseous state at elevated temperatures and the soluble manganous sulfate extracted with water. This gave a solution of manganous sulfate that may be used for the recovery …

Thermal Reduction Of Beryllium Chloride With Metallic Magnesium, Mailand R. Strunk

Masters Theses

"The purpose of this research was to investigate the thermal reduction of beryllium chloride by metallic magnesium. Beryllium is a remarkable element, being characterized by its hardness, lightness and durability. Although the art of metallurgy has developed to a point at which most metals can be produced at a low cost, there are a few metals, of which beryllium is an outstanding example, which can only be obtained at high prices and in small amounts because of the difficulties of recovering the metals as such from their compounds which occur in nature. Small amounts of pure beryllium can be obtained, …

The Behavior Of The Metallic Stearates In Chromatography, Theodore Jack Roemer

Masters Theses

"While research has been done on the chromatographic adsorption of the metallic ions, it has been confined mainly to the metallic salts in aqueous solutions. Considerable success has been met in the separation of the cations, but certain combinations have proved to be difficult to separate. Therefore, it would seem to be proper to examine the adsorptive behavior of the metallic ions in an organic medium to see if separation could be improved. This seems plausible since it is known that separations of organic substances have been very successful in organic reagents. Since the common inorganic metallic salts are not …

A Study Of The Chemical Behavior Of Some Natural Occurring Iron Disulfide Ores, William Louis Shivelbine

Masters Theses

"A complete investigation of the pyrites deposits of Missouri by Grawe has revealed many large deposits of pyrites available in commercial quantities in the Ozark area. The pyrites has been found occurring in contact with several various types of minerals. In the northcentral Ozark Plateau, pyrites is found associated with hematite-bearing sink structures. In the northwest part of the state, pyrites occurs in coal deposits, which, in the future, may be recovered as a by-product in the production and preparation of coal. Some pyrites, chiefly marcasite, has been found as fracture and cavity fillings in several other districts. The purpose …

The Preparation Of Elementary Fluorine And Its Reactions With Certain Organic Compounds, Robert Knox Neuman

Masters Theses

"This work had two main objectives: (1) The construction of an electrolytic cell for the production of fluorine, (2) the preparation of some organic compounds containing fluorine. This research was undertaken because of the growing importance of fluorine chemistry, particularly in the field or organic chemistry. Due to the extreme activity of fluorine, it is theoretically possible to prepare many times more fluorine-containing organic compounds than there are known organic compounds today. It has been predicted that fluorine-containing products will be developed to include new and useful dyes, plastics, pharmaceuticals, lubricants, tanning agents, metal fluxes, fumigants, insecticides, germicides, fire extinguishers, …

Some Equilibrium Relations In The System Magnesium Oxide-Sulfur Dioxide-Water (Acid Region) At Pressures Below Atmospheric, Donat Bennes Brice

Masters Theses

"This thesis describes the system Magnesium Oxide-Sulfur Dioxide-Water when brought to equilibrium at various pressures of sulfur dioxide plus water vapor, ranging from the vapor pressure of water at the temperature in question to atmospheric pressure. This system is of significance because it is being used more and more in the "Sulfite Process" in the manufacture of wood pulp and is replacing calcium oxide or a mixture of magnesium and calcium. The solution as it comes from the absorption towers is essentially such a system. Numerous investigators have done work on the system sulfur dioxide and water and the work …

Further Studies On The Effect Of Grinding Aids For Portland Cement Clinker, Charles Lee Rakestraw

Masters Theses

"In the dry grinding of cement clinker to a fine powder in which for example ninety percent or more of the particles are reduced to a fineness below that of a 200 mesh screen, it has been found that further fine grinding is extremely difficult and the energy input is out of all proportion to the further production of fine particles. This seems to be due to the fact that when the bulk of the material reaches this fineness there is a tendency of the finest particles to cling to each other and bunch or flocculate. Along with this tendency …

A Study Of Methods For The Purification And The Removal Of Color From Trinitrotoluene Wash Waters, William Wilson

Masters Theses

"Symmetrical Trinitrotoluene is stable in the presence of moisture, but the nonsymmetrical trinitrotoluenes permit replacement of a nitro group with the formation of a nitrated cresol and nitrous acid. Nitrated cresols form salts similar to the picrates. To avoid these nonsymmetrical trinitrotoluenes the Ordinance Department, U. S. A., requires that Grade I trinitrotoluene have a solidification point of at least 80.2⁰C.². Numerous methods for purifying the crude trinitrotoluene and others for separating the nitrotoluenes have been suggested"--Introduction, page 1.

Recovery Of Manganese From Oxidized Ores As Iron-And Phosphorus-Free Soluble Salts, Emil Pietz

Masters Theses

"There is a great demand at present for this country to develop its manganese resources. The hazards encountered because of the present international crisis make it almost impossible to import high-grade ores. Manganese is one of the most important strategic metals because it is vital to the production of steel. After the stock piles are depleted and the imports decreased, the deficit must be supplied by the domestic deposits. A great deal of research has been done to concentrate the domestic low-grade ores but new problems have always been encountered. The differences in the properties of the low-grade ores from …

A Study Of Base Exchange And Attendant Disintegration In Carthage Marble, Elmond Lowell Claridge

Masters Theses

"The purpose of this investigation was to study the base exchange reaction occurring in Carthage marble as a possible cause of unusually rapid disintegration of Carthage marble which has been widely observed in various localities and under certain conditions. If this were found to be the principal cause of such disintegration the groundwork would be laid for research on a means of preventing it. According to Mr. R. E. Mayes, president of the Carthage Marble Corporation, forty to fifty percent of the stone quarried by this company is discarded because of large stylolitic veins. This represents a loss of many …

Manufacture Of Salt Cake By The Hargraeves Process, Philip Hall Delano

Masters Theses

"The Hargraeves process of manufacturing salt cake has not lived up to the great expectations that were held for the process at the time of its development...The inventors, Hargreaves and Robinson, do not pretend to have been the first to make salt cake by the action of sulfur dioxide upon common salt in the presence of air and steam; they claim only to have made the process practicable by a large number of patents. Numerous earlier patents for this reaction were taken out by others but none of these former proposals was successful; it was the details of the process …

Electrodeposition Of Copper-Lead Alloys From A 7.2 Per Cent Amine Solution Saturated With Respect To Copper And Lead. Study Of The Production Of Cupric Oxide To Be Used As Solute, Edmund Simon Roszkowski

Masters Theses

"The purpose of this work is to deposit electrolytically a copper-lead alloy from an amine solution for use specifically as a bearing metal. Generally speaking there are four classes of bearing metals: tin base alloys or the babbitts; the cadmium base alloys or the white metals; the silver alloys; and the copper-lead alloys. Additions of other metals may be employed to produce alloys with certain desirable properties"--Introduction, page 1.

The Mineral Association In Manganese Ores, With Particular Reference To The Phosphorus-Bearing Minerals And Their Removal By Leaching Methods, Daniel Chalmers Mclean

Masters Theses

"The United States Bureau of Mines Experimental Station at Rolla has recently been conducting an intensive investigation of the amenability of Arkansas red ores to enrichment by standard ore dressing methods. These Arkansas ores are low grade with the estimated reserves running into several million tons. They can be concentrated to meet all Grade B ferromanganese specifications - with the exception of that of the phosphorus content, but in all cases the phosphorus is so high as to make the ore worthless under present conditions. This condition suggested the problem of trying to discover a method by which the phosphorus …

The Effect Of Addition Agents In Grinding Portland Cement Clinker, Eugene Farrell Hill

Masters Theses

"In the dry grinding of most materials in a ball mill or similar apparatus, a degree of fineness is eventually reached when a noticeable decrease in the efficiency of grinding occurs. The degree of fineness where this phenomenon occurs, as measured by the specific surface of the material being ground, varies greatly with different materials. The accompanying effect in all cases, however, is the formation of a coating upon the balls; this coating in the case of cement adheres tightly to the balls and increases in thickness as grinding progresses after the initial "coating' fineness has been reached. Usually an …

Absorption Of Carbon Dioxide In A Bubble Plate Tower, William Arthur Enderson

Masters Theses

"Gas absorption, one of the chief operations of chemical engineering, has occupied investigators for a long time. Results of many experiments on the general subject of gas absorption has been published. However, relatively few data have appeared in the literature on the use of bubble cap towers for gas absorption although they constitute one of the three major classifications of absorption equipment. Bubble cap towers are used extensively in the petroleum industry. More performance data would increase the versatility of existing equipment"--Introduction, page 1.

A Comparison Of Methods For The Determination Of Iron In Clays And Related Ceramic Materials, Hoyt Gillum Thompson

Masters Theses

"Iron is always present in clay and ceramic products. This element has a definite effect upon the properties of substances containing it, hence it is important for the ceramist to know the exact amount of this element present in a ceramic material. Many methods have been devised for the precise determination of iron, both in large and small amounts. Of the many methods used, the American Society for Testing Materials has listed only two for the examination of clays, refractories, and similar material...However the amounts of iron for which these methods are most suitable are not given. Nor does the …

The Sorption Of Metallic Ions By Wood Pulp During Purification, Harold Edgar Boyd

Masters Theses

"The cost of producing cellulose acetate, and the difficulties attending its dissolving, plasticizing, and application to specific uses are problems which must be investigated before the ultimate commercial development of the material can be realized. The price of the cellulose used as raw material for acetylation is one of the primary factors influencing the cost of the finished product. At present, cotton linters constitutes the chief practical souce [sic] of acetate, being almost pure alpha-cellulose, and cheaper than staple cotton, our other source of high alpha-cellulose, Wood pulp is the only other material offering promise as a substitute for cotton, …

The Fluorine And Manganese Content Of Certain Missouri Waters, Erwin Charles Hoeman

Masters Theses

"Since early in 1931, considerable attention has been brought to bear upon the subject of fluorides in drinking water supplies, following the discovery of high fluoride concentrations in waters consumed by persons afflicted with the dental defect known as mottled enamel. Analyses have been made, in the course of this study, of a comparatively large number of Missouri waters. The waters analyzed have been collected and made available by the Missouri Geological Survey and Water Resources. They have been secured from diverse sources and include surface waters and underground waters from different geological formations, throughout the State of Missouri"--Introduction, page …

The Bromine And Iodine Content Of Certain Saline Ground Waters Of Missouri, Erwin Carl Meckfessel

Masters Theses

"This report on the saline waters of Missouri covers a preliminary investigation carried on in cooperation with the Geological Survey of Missouri and through the funds appropriated for an F E R A project.

The information contained herein will give the bromine content of the saline waters of Missouri from those districts from which samples were obtainable. The samples were obligingly furnished by the Missouri Geological Survey together with a complete geological, geographical, and chemical analysis of each sample.

The relationship between the occurrence of bromine in saline waters of other parts of the country and those saline waters investigated …

The Photobromination Of Azobenzene, Oden Cass Garst

Masters Theses

"The purpose of this thesis is to make a study of the photobromination of azobenzene. The effect of various variables has been studied. The factors considered were, temperature, frequency of light, and concentration. Information on photobrominations is of great scientific importance, as it opens up a comparatively new field of research, and also contributes further data which helps to establish the quantum theory, if indeed this theory is still in controversy"--Introduction, page 3.

A Study Of The Effects Of Paraffin Wax Upon The Viscosities Of Lubricating Oils, Charles Leo William Hunze

Masters Theses

"The determination of the mean molecular weight of oils and paraffin waxes may have significance as: (1) an important property from a purely research point of view; (2) a step towards structure determination; (3) a study of molecular association with viscosity, making possible the application of well established viscosity binary mixture formulas to oil blends and oil and paraffin wax blends; (4) an aid in the calculations of latent heats for refinery engineering purposes (see A.A. Ashworth's applications of this property); (5) a possible means for identifying bitumens of unknown origin, and determining the approximate proportion of each type in …

A Study Of The Evaporation Of Organic Liquids And Mixtures Of Organic Liquids, George Walter Eckert

Masters Theses

"The purpose of this thesis is to make a study of the evaporation of organic solvents. The relative rates of evaporation of the single substances and binary and ternary mixtures are to be considered. A study of the changes in composition of binary and ternary mixtures that occur on evaporation are to be made. Information on the evaporation of organic liquids is important in relation to lacquers, and for that reason the solvents used in this work are liquids commonly used in making lacquers"--Introduction, page 2.

A Method For Increasing The Iodine Value Of The Saturated Fatty Acids, Richard Groves Holmes

Masters Theses

"The work covered by this thesis was undertaken with the idea of finding a method whereby unsaturated oils, of the drying type (those having iodine values of one hundred fifty or above), could be made from the saturated fatty acids. After an exhaustive search of the literature no evidence was found that this means of producing the unsaturated acids had ever been developed. Work has been done on the chlorination products of the fatty acids, the processes being covered by patents. No evidence however was given as to the possible structure of these compounds"--Introduction, page 1.

The Relation Between The Mean Molecular Weight And The Absolute Viscosity Of Lubricating Oils, John Isler Moore

Masters Theses

"Of all the properties required of a good lubricant the most important is that of the viscosity at the temperature of its use. Most lubricants consist of oils blended or compounded together in such a way as to produce an oil of a desired viscosity, falling in the special group of viscosities expressed by the Society of Automotive Engineers in their tabulations.

There have been several methods developed to enable the refiner to blend quickly and efficiently although Bell stated that the methods were largely that of trial and error. Herschel formed a chart for blending by the logarithmic rule …