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Articles 211 - 240 of 493
Full-Text Articles in Chemical Engineering
Deepwater Gulf Of Mexico Oil Spill Scenarios Development And Their Associated Risk Assessment, Muhammad Zulqarnain
Deepwater Gulf Of Mexico Oil Spill Scenarios Development And Their Associated Risk Assessment, Muhammad Zulqarnain
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
World’s growing energy demand has pushed oil companies to explore and produce hydrocarbons in complex and technologically challenging deepwater environments. These difficult and complex operations involve the risk of major accidents as well, demonstrated by disasters such as the explosion and fire on the UK production platform Piper Alpha and capsizing of the Deepwater Horizon rig in the Gulf of Mexico (GoM). Accidents cause death, suffering, pollution of the environment, disruption of business and bad reputation to oil industry. A quantitative risk analysis technique has been used in this study to identify and categorize risk associated with different life phases …
Bioplastic Production In Cyanobacteria And Consensus Degenerate Pcr Probe Design, Courtney Edward Lane
Bioplastic Production In Cyanobacteria And Consensus Degenerate Pcr Probe Design, Courtney Edward Lane
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Cyanobacteria show much promise in reducing biodegradable thermoplastic production costs; however, most currently characterized strains are ill-equipped to do so. The result of Objective I produced a high-throughput assay designed to discover existing cyanobacterial strains and rapidly characterize them as PHA-producers or potential PHA-producers. This assay will play an instrumental role in the attainment of a novel cyanobacteria environmental isolate capable of accumulating high levels of PHA naturally. Objective II produced an open source computer program which dramatically speeds the design of similar assays for any arbitrary genetic screening purpose. The program is not limited to this implementation alone. In …
Laboratory Experimental Demonstration Of The Effect Of Oceanic Whitecaps In The Transport Of Oil And Dispersant Components To The Atmosphere, Paria Avij
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
During the DWH oil spill, vast quantities of crude oil were released into the sea-surface environment of the Gulf of Mexico. There has been ample research focused on the transport of oil into the different environmental sections. Evaporation has been considered to be the only transport pathway of oil spill matter into the atmosphere. However, the aerosolization of oil and dispersant via bursting bubbles as they occur in whitecaps and breaking waves has not been considered in the oil and dispersant budget calculation. This transport vector is significant as it is the dominant source of particulate matter production in the …
Ambit Of Multiphase Cfd In Modelling Transport Processes Related To Oil Spill Scenario And Microfluidics, Abhijit Rao
Ambit Of Multiphase Cfd In Modelling Transport Processes Related To Oil Spill Scenario And Microfluidics, Abhijit Rao
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
During the ‘Deepwater Horizon’ accident in the deep sea in 2010, about 4.9 million barrels of oil was released into the Gulf of Mexico, making the spill one of the worst ocean spills in recent times. To mitigate the ill effects of the event on the environment, subsea injection of dispersants was carried out. Dispersant addition lowers the interfacial tension at oil/water interface and presence of local turbulence enhances the droplet disintegration process. The oil droplets contain a plethora of hydrocarbons which are soluble in water. In deep spill scenarios, droplets spend large amounts of time in water column; hence, …
Analyses Of The Mec1 Dna Damage Pathway In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, William Barrett Ainsworth
Analyses Of The Mec1 Dna Damage Pathway In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, William Barrett Ainsworth
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Eukaryotic organisms implement conserved surveillance machinery to sense and respond to DNA damage. Fundamental to the repair process is coordinated regulation of repair genes and initiation of cell cycle arrest protocols. Failure to preserve these checkpoints results in accumulation of mutated DNA and aberrant cell phenotypes that are characteristic of human disease. The yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, utilizes the MEC1 checkpoint pathway to regulate the DNA damage response. This study addressed two overarching themes of transcriptional and post-translational regulation within the MEC1 pathway. We first applied our understanding of the MEC1 DNA damage transcriptional response to develop advanced luciferase whole cell …
Molecular Dynamics Simulation Of The Structure, Dynamics And Crystallization Of Ionic Liquids Under Confinement And Low Temperature, Xiaoxia He
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Ionic liquids (ILs) have sparked widespread interest due to their peculiar properties and the resulting possibility of manifold applications. In this dissertation, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations have been used to elucidate the dynamics, structure and crystallization of ionic liquids in the bulk and confinement. First we studied the properties of the ILs [dmim+][Cl-] and [emim+][NTf2-] when they are confined inside nanomaterials such as CMK-3, CMK-5 and an isolated amorphous carbon nanopipe (ACNP). The results indicate that the ions of the ILs form different layers inside these nanomaterials and their dynamics are slower due to the confinement. We also found significant …
Electrochemical Study Of Ammonium Interaction With Au,Sn And Cu Electrodes In Nonaqueous Electrolytes, Guoying Qu
Electrochemical Study Of Ammonium Interaction With Au,Sn And Cu Electrodes In Nonaqueous Electrolytes, Guoying Qu
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Nonaqueous electrolytes play an important role in electrochemical devices such as flip chip and lithium-air batteries. In this work, we examine ammonium-Cu, Sn and Li interactions in nonaqueous electrolytes to optimize the future flip chip flux and electrolyte additive of lithium-air battery. The activity of halogen-free carboxylic acid flux is considered one of the most important aspects in controlling flip chip joint quality recently. CuOx removal effectiveness of carboxylic acid solutions at Cu substrates using electrochemical methods at elevated temperatures from 100ºC to 180ºC is studied thoroughly by chronopotentiometry and gravimetric analysis. Carboxylic acid-based solutions with ethanolamine show oxide removal …
Aqueous Atmospheric Species, A Dual Study: 1. Comparison Of The Effects Of Temperature, Oxygen Level, Ionic Strength, And Ph On The Reaction Of Benzene With Hydroxyl Radicals At The Air-Water Interface To The Bulk Aqueous Phase. 2. Determination Of Carbonyl Compounds In Fog Water Samples Via Online Concentration And Hplc, Aubrey Anne Heath
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The air-water interface is the largest interface in the environment. Atmospheric droplets, such as fog, which can have an exceptionally high surface area-to-volume ratio, also have a large range of physical and chemical properties (e.g. temperature, pH, ionic strength, and chemical composition) based on location, time of day, and emission source. Unlike larger atmospheric droplets, which are predominately characterized by bulk aqueous phase conditions, reactions that take place in fog droplets are determined by both the bulk-aqueous phase and the air-water interface due to a high surface area-to-volume ratio. In order to have a greater understanding of atmospheric processes and …
Catalysts For The Positional Isomerization Of Internal, Long-Chain Olefins, James Edward Bruno
Catalysts For The Positional Isomerization Of Internal, Long-Chain Olefins, James Edward Bruno
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Double-bond isomerization of internal C16-C18 olefins is a necessary step in the production of paper sizing agents. In this work, the properties that enable long-lasting solid acid catalysts (both commercial and lab-synthesized) were identified, the efficacy of regenerated solid acid catalysts was tested, and the feasibility of organometallic chain-walking catalysts (both homogeneous and polymer-supported) for olefin isomerization was evaluated. Hexadecene isomerization was investigated using perfluorinated ion exchange resins (Nafion®) supported on SiO2 or Al2O3, sulfonated poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene) resins (PS-DVBs), tungstated zirconias, and acidic zeolites. Selected catalysts underwent lifetime studies. Oversulfonated PS-DVBs (e.g., Amberlyst 35) were reasonably selective with long lifetimes, only …
Experimental Investigation Of Injectivity In Unconsolidated Formations, Callie Pritchett
Experimental Investigation Of Injectivity In Unconsolidated Formations, Callie Pritchett
Honors Capstones
No abstract provided.
Sinking Of Hydrocarbon Mixtures Due To Evaporative And/Or Dissolution Weathering On The Surface And Submerged In Water, Christopher Clayton Stevens
Sinking Of Hydrocarbon Mixtures Due To Evaporative And/Or Dissolution Weathering On The Surface And Submerged In Water, Christopher Clayton Stevens
LSU Master's Theses
The appearance of on-bottom oil following surface and deep water spills has been well documented. A very likely, yet sparingly studied, cause of this phenomenon is the evaporation and/or dissolution of the light constituents of the mixture, leaving a heavy residual fraction that may sink. A binary mixture of a light, volatile/soluble and a heavy, nonvolatile/insoluble component was used in numerous laboratory experiments, with binary and multi-component mixtures, to confirm this event is possible. A binary-component model was developed based on the law of conservation of mass for “oil” spilled on the surface to predict sinking time requirements based on …
Design Of A Multi-Agent System For Process Monitoring And Supervision, Onur Dogu
Design Of A Multi-Agent System For Process Monitoring And Supervision, Onur Dogu
LSU Master's Theses
New process monitoring and control strategies are developing every day together with process automation strategies to satisfy the needs of diverse industries. New automation systems are being developed with more capabilities for safety and reliability issues. Fault detection and diagnosis, and process monitoring and supervision are some of the new and promising growth areas in process control. With the help of the development of powerful computer systems, the extensive amount of process data from all over the plant can be put to use in an efficient manner by storing and manipulation. With this development, data-driven process monitoring approaches had the …
Experimental Assessment Of Cement Integrity Under Thermal Cycle Loading Conditions In Geopressured Geothermal Reservoirs, Kolawole Saheed Bello
Experimental Assessment Of Cement Integrity Under Thermal Cycle Loading Conditions In Geopressured Geothermal Reservoirs, Kolawole Saheed Bello
LSU Master's Theses
The number of well integrity issues increase as wells are exposed to severe downhole conditions and have longer lifetimes. Techniques for heat extraction from geopressured geothermal reservoirs involve production of hot water and injection of cold water which expose downhole materials to harsh cyclic temperature variations. Heating and cooling make the cement expand and contract as a result of thermal expansion. This volumetric change can influence cement sheaths causing them to fail. Failure of annular cement sheaths can introduce well integrity issues and subsequently lead to sustained casing pressure. This study measures the effect of cyclic thermal loading of cement …
G-Box Model For The Fate Of Emerging Contaminants In Soil, Eileen Cranfield
G-Box Model For The Fate Of Emerging Contaminants In Soil, Eileen Cranfield
LSU Master's Theses
Pesticides applied to agriculture fields move and react into the soil system. The objective of this research was to develop a model that uses the natural soil processes (diffusion, advection, or reaction type processes in multiple phases) to track pesticides and other emerging contaminants (EMCONs) in the soil over space and time. The model separates the soil into a series of boxes with soil processes passing through and into the boxes. With a system of equations developed from these processes, the model produces a gradient concentration profile, hence the Gradient Box, or G-box Model. The model is first tested against …
Effects Of Drill-Pipe Whirling Motion On Cuttings Transport Performance For Horizontal Drilling, Yasin Demiralp
Effects Of Drill-Pipe Whirling Motion On Cuttings Transport Performance For Horizontal Drilling, Yasin Demiralp
LSU Master's Theses
Dispersion, deposition, and suspension of particulate materials in the carrier fluid play a significant role in the oil industry. Increasing the cuttings transport performance in deviated wells is difficult due to the rolling/sliding transport, and cuttings settling on the low side of the annulus. Insufficient cuttings transport may lead to some crucial problems such as pipe sticking, increasing in torque and drag, material damage and bed cementing quality. Increasing flow rates and improving mud properties may not be applicable for a proper hole cleaning because of the hydraulic and mechanical limitations. In such cases, additional pressure may be generated, and …
Effect Of Forced Flow Oscillation On Churn And Annular Flow In Vertical Wellbores, Catalina Posada
Effect Of Forced Flow Oscillation On Churn And Annular Flow In Vertical Wellbores, Catalina Posada
LSU Master's Theses
Producing oil and gas from marginal hydrocarbon reservoirs and mature fields present particular challenges. One of the challenges for these types of fields is flow instability. Pipeline risers and artificial gas-lift systems experience instabilities, which cause significant reductions in production among others operational drawbacks. Different types of instabilities (static and dynamic) have been identified affecting those systems. However, there is still a lack of systematic investigations associated with the understanding of dynamic instabilities (periodic oscillations) and their impact in production systems. A systematic investigation of the effects of periodic forced oscillations on gas-liquid flows in a 42 m (140-ft) long, …
Nonlinear Data Driven Techniques For Process Monitoring, Michael C. Thomas
Nonlinear Data Driven Techniques For Process Monitoring, Michael C. Thomas
LSU Master's Theses
The goal of this research is to develop process monitoring technology capable of taking advantage of the large stores of data accumulating in modern chemical plants. There is demand for new techniques for the monitoring of non-linear topology and behavior, and this research presents a topological preservation method for process monitoring using Self Organizing Maps (SOM). The novel architecture presented adapts SOM to a full spectrum of process monitoring tasks including fault detection, fault identification, fault diagnosis, and soft sensing. The key innovation of the new technique is its use of multiple SOM (MSOM) in the data modeling process as …
Analysis Of Microseismic Events Associated With Hydraulic Fracture Propagation, Chennu Fan
Analysis Of Microseismic Events Associated With Hydraulic Fracture Propagation, Chennu Fan
LSU Master's Theses
Previous practice to determine the source mechanism of microseismic events associated with hydraulic fracture typically includes only far-field terms in moment tensor inversion. The intermediate-field terms and near-field term are normally ignored because of increased complexity in the calculation. Source-receiver distances in hydraulic fracturing are usually 1000 ft and the effects of near and intermediate-field terms are still unknown. We perform a study to improve the precision of the source mechanism by including the intermediate-field term in moment tensor inversion. We find that the intermediate-field term contributes 1/3 of the signal amplitude when the source-receiver distance is 1000 ft. The …
Removal Of Sustained Casing Pressure By Gravity Displacement Of Annular Fluid, Efecan Demirci
Removal Of Sustained Casing Pressure By Gravity Displacement Of Annular Fluid, Efecan Demirci
LSU Master's Theses
Sustained Casing Pressure (SCP) is the undesirable casing head pressure of a well annulus that rebuilds when bled-down. As the conventional methods for SCP removal using rigs are expensive, there is a need for improvement. Annular intervention for replacing the fluid above the leaking cement with a heavier fluid to stop gas migration is a solution for SCP removal; however, previous attempts failed due to miscibility of injected fluids. Using hydrophobic heavy fluids for the purpose is a newly proposed technique to the technology. Potential of theoretically selected and produced immiscible heavy fluids are investigated in characterized annular fluids. A …
Investigation Of Dimensionality-Dependent Foam Rheological Properties By Using Mechanistic Foam Model, Woochan Lee
Investigation Of Dimensionality-Dependent Foam Rheological Properties By Using Mechanistic Foam Model, Woochan Lee
LSU Master's Theses
A numerous laboratory and field tests revealed that foam can effectively control gas mobility, improve sweep efficiency, and increase oil production, if correctly designed. It is believed that there is a significant gap between small laboratory-scale experiments and large field-scale tests because of two main reasons: (i) typical laboratory flow tests are conducted in linear systems, while field-scale foam EOR processes are performed in radial (or spherical partly) systems in general; and (ii) through the complicated in-situ lamella creation and coalescence mechanisms and non-Newtonian behavior, foam rheology is thought to depend on geometry and dimensionality and, as a result, it …
Physico-Chemical Properties Of Green Leaf Volatiles, Harsha Satyanarayana Vempati
Physico-Chemical Properties Of Green Leaf Volatiles, Harsha Satyanarayana Vempati
LSU Master's Theses
Green Leaf Volatiles (GLVs) is a class of vegetation emissions whose release is greatly enhanced in the event of thermal or mechanical stress. These oxygenated hydrocarbons that have been identified as a potential source of Secondary Organic Aerosols (SOA) via aqueous oxidation. The physico-chemical properties of GLVs are vital to understanding their fate and transport in the atmosphere, but few experimental data are available. We studied the aqueous solubility, 1-Octanol/Water Partition Coefficient, and Henry’s Constant (KH) of five GLVs at 25&176;C: methyl jasmonate, methyl salicylate, 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol, cis-3-hexen-1-ol, and cis-3-hexenyl acetate. Henry’s constant was additionally measured at 30&176;C & 35&176;C, and …
Quantifying Phase Configuration Inside An Intact Core Based On Wettability Using X-Ray Computed Tomography, Dinara Dussenova
Quantifying Phase Configuration Inside An Intact Core Based On Wettability Using X-Ray Computed Tomography, Dinara Dussenova
LSU Master's Theses
The ability to evaluate rock and fluid properties on the order of a few microns opens new areas in reservoir engineering and reservoir simulation. Multiple studies have been done on the application of x-ray computed tomography (microCT) for the pore-scale evaluation of fluid interfaces and rock-fluid interaction. A majority of the fluid flow governing interactions occur at the pore scale level and is usually overseen on large reservoir scales. Hence, it is important to carefully investigate such interactions. Multi-fluid-phase distribution and interaction of two immiscible fluids such as oil and water is one of the most important and constantly investigated …
Experimental Assessment Of Expandable Casing Technology As A Solution For Microannular Gas Flow, Darko Kupresan
Experimental Assessment Of Expandable Casing Technology As A Solution For Microannular Gas Flow, Darko Kupresan
LSU Master's Theses
Microannular gas flow in the wellbore is known to be one of the major reasons for Sustained Casing Pressure (SCP). Low success rate (under 50%) of costly remedial cementing operations and increasing difficulty in sealing off problematic areas motivated the industry to look for more practical remediation solutions. Expandable casing technology is one of those new proposed techniques. A bench-scale physical model tested the potential of expandable casing technology for remediation of microannular gas migration. The composite samples with pipe-inside-pipe cemented annulus were designed to simulate a wellbore system including a pre-manufactured microannulus on the inner pipe/cement interface. Multi-rate flow-through …
Investigating Different Coding Environments For Simplified Reservoir Characterization Models, Atheer Mohammad Al Attar
Investigating Different Coding Environments For Simplified Reservoir Characterization Models, Atheer Mohammad Al Attar
LSU Master's Theses
Reservoir characterization is one of the most important tasks that determines the recovery plan for a specific reservoir. This process incorporates a significant amount of data acquisition and processing to finally develop an acceptable model that matches the production history and can forecast the future production behavior. The model also should be able to adapt to changes along the way: adding or removing producers or injectors, changing the injection pattern, recompletions and converting wells are all examples of possible changes that are common in the oil and gas industry. Usually these changes are modeled by running field-scale simulations and providing …
Effect Of Process Mixing On The Size Distribution And Mean Diameter Of The Thiol-Triacrylate Microcapsules, Rubaiyet Abedin
Effect Of Process Mixing On The Size Distribution And Mean Diameter Of The Thiol-Triacrylate Microcapsules, Rubaiyet Abedin
LSU Master's Theses
An important limitation in the development of the microparticles is the difficulty to develop a precise size distribution. Microparticles have a wide spread applicability in different fields including medical, pharmaceutical, textile, cosmetics, pesticide, printing industry, etc. The large and growing impact of microencapsulation in different fields of technology has made this process important. Microparticle size is a primary determinant of control release mechanism and the reaction kinetics and also impacts the allowable routes of administration, The main objective of this research work is to evaluate the effect of the process mixing on the size and size distribution of the trithiol-triacrylate …
An Experimental Investigation Of The Effects Of N-Decane On The Supercritical Pyrolysis Of Toluene, Catherine A. Grubb
An Experimental Investigation Of The Effects Of N-Decane On The Supercritical Pyrolysis Of Toluene, Catherine A. Grubb
LSU Master's Theses
Future and current high-speed jet aircraft will require their fuels to act as the primary coolants as well as propellants. Fuels will be exposed to severe temperatures and pressures in hypersonic aircraft, up to 700°C and 130 atm, respectively, conditions that are supercritical for most pure hydrocarbons. Under supercritical conditions, hydrocarbon fuels undergo pyrolytic reactions, which may lead to the formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), known precursors to carbonaceous solid deposits. Such deposits may clog fuel lines and injection nozzles, hindering safe engine performance. Hence, it is important to understand the reactions that lead to the formation of PAH. …
Effects Of Different Preparation Methods On Structure And Catalytic Behavior Of Iron-Based Catalyst Via Fischer Trospch Synthesis Of Biomass-Derived Syngas, Khietlethanh Mai
Effects Of Different Preparation Methods On Structure And Catalytic Behavior Of Iron-Based Catalyst Via Fischer Trospch Synthesis Of Biomass-Derived Syngas, Khietlethanh Mai
LSU Master's Theses
Lignocellulosic biomass is a promising feedstock for producing liquid fuels via synthetic gas (syngas) and Fischer Tropsch Synthesis (FTS). Syngas produced from biomass has low H2/CO ratio (~0.7/1) and high concentration of CO2. In order to produce liquid hydrocarbons from this syngas, a catalyst must be used to increase the H2/CO ratio to 2 or higher. This catalyst must also have reasonable reverse water-gas-shift (R-WGS) activity in a CO2 rich environment. In this study, two 100Fe/4Cu/4K/6Zn were prepared using coprecipitation (Cat_C) and impregnation (Cat_I) methods. The effects of these preparation methods on the catalyst structure and FTS performance in biomass …
Advanced And Novel Modeling Techniques For Simulation, Optimization And Monitoring Chemical Engineering Tasks With Refinery And Petrochemical Unit Applications, Gregory M. Robertson
Advanced And Novel Modeling Techniques For Simulation, Optimization And Monitoring Chemical Engineering Tasks With Refinery And Petrochemical Unit Applications, Gregory M. Robertson
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Engineers predict, optimize, and monitor processes to improve safety and profitability. Models automate these tasks and determine precise solutions. This research studies and applies advanced and novel modeling techniques to automate and aid engineering decision-making. Advancements in computational ability have improved modeling software’s ability to mimic industrial problems. Simulations are increasingly used to explore new operating regimes and design new processes. In this work, we present a methodology for creating structured mathematical models, useful tips to simplify models, and a novel repair method to improve convergence by populating quality initial conditions for the simulation’s solver. A crude oil refinery application …
Applications Of Cfd Simulations On Studying The Multiphase Flow In Microfluidic Devices, Yuehao Li
Applications Of Cfd Simulations On Studying The Multiphase Flow In Microfluidic Devices, Yuehao Li
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Microfluidics has been extensively investigated as a unique platform to synthesize nanoparticles with desired properties, e.g., size and morphology. Compared to the conventional batch reactors, wet-chemical synthesis using continuous flow microfluidics provides better control over addition of reagents, heat and mass transfer, and reproducibility. Recently, millifluidics has emerged as an alternative since it offers similar control as microfluidics. With its dimensions scaled up to millimeter size, millifluidics saves fabrication efforts and potentially paves the way for industrial applications. Good designs and manipulations of microfluidic and millifluidic devices rely on solid understanding of fluid dynamics. Fluid flow plays an important role …
Electrochemical Reduction Of Co2 On Supported Cu2o Catalysts, Joel Niño Galvez Bugayong
Electrochemical Reduction Of Co2 On Supported Cu2o Catalysts, Joel Niño Galvez Bugayong
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
We have examined Cu-based catalyst materials that enable the conversion of CO2 to useful products such as fuels and chemical feedstocks by electrochemical reduction. In particular, we compared the electrocatalytic activity of supported Cu2O particles prepared using electrodeposition and wet chemical methods. The particles had cubic structure, ranging in size from 40 nm to 900 nm and consisting of low index planes. We observed significantly different product distribution on these catalysts compared to polycrystalline Cu, specifically for methane and ethylene formation. While Cu particles showed higher faradaic efficiency for methane formation compared to ethylene formation, we observed that Cu2O particles …