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Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering Commons™
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- Drug delivery (14)
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- Poly- l -lactic acid (3)
- Poly-l-lactic acid (3)
- Tissue engineering (3)
- Aligned microfibers (2)
Articles 91 - 120 of 247
Full-Text Articles in Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering
Synthesis Of Regioselectively Acylated Quercetin Analogues With Improved Antiplatelet Activity, Yu Duan, Na Sun, Min Xue, Xiaolan Wang, Hu Yang
Synthesis Of Regioselectively Acylated Quercetin Analogues With Improved Antiplatelet Activity, Yu Duan, Na Sun, Min Xue, Xiaolan Wang, Hu Yang
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
The aim of the present study was to report on a complete synthetic approach, namely benzylation-hydrolysis-acylation-hydrogenation, to the synthesis of regioselectively acylated quercetin analogues using low-cost rutin as a starting material. Three quercetin analogues, quercetin-3-O-propionate (Q-pr), quercetin-3-O-butyrate (Q-bu) and quercetin-3-O-valerate (Q-va), containing 3-, 4- and 5-carbon aliphatic acyl chains, respectively, were synthesized and characterized with 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), 13C NMR and mass spectrometry. Compared with quercetin, all three analogues exhibited improved lipophilicity. The lipophilicity of the analogue increased with increasing acyl chain length. Q-va exhibited the highest lipophilicity among the three analogues, but a lower water …
Titanium Addition Influences Antibacterial Activity Of Bioactive Glass Coatings On Metallic Implants, Omar Rodriguez, Wendy Stone, Emil H. Schemitsch, Paul Zalzal, Stephen Waldman, Marcello Papini, Mark R. Towler
Titanium Addition Influences Antibacterial Activity Of Bioactive Glass Coatings On Metallic Implants, Omar Rodriguez, Wendy Stone, Emil H. Schemitsch, Paul Zalzal, Stephen Waldman, Marcello Papini, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
In an attempt to combat the possibility of bacterial infection and insufficient bone growth around metallic, surgical implants, bioactive glasses may be employed as coatings. In this work, silica-based and borate-based glass series were synthesized for this purpose and subsequently characterized in terms of antibacterial behavior, solubility and cytotoxicity. Borate-based glasses were found to exhibit significantly superior antibacterial properties and increased solubility compared to their silica-based counterparts, with BRT0 and BRT3 (borate-based glasses with 0 and 15 mol% of titanium dioxide incorporated, respectively) outperforming the remainder of the glasses, both borate and silicate based, in these respects. Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy …
Potency And Cytotoxicity Of A Novel Gallium-Containing Mesoporous Bioactive Glass/Chitosan Composite Scaffold As Hemostatic Agents, Sara Pourshahrestani, Ehsan Zeimaran, Nahrizul Adib Kadri, Nicola Gargiulo, Hassan Mahmood Jindal, Sangeetha Vasudevaraj Naveen, Shamala Devi Sekaran, Tunku Kamarul, Mark R. Towler
Potency And Cytotoxicity Of A Novel Gallium-Containing Mesoporous Bioactive Glass/Chitosan Composite Scaffold As Hemostatic Agents, Sara Pourshahrestani, Ehsan Zeimaran, Nahrizul Adib Kadri, Nicola Gargiulo, Hassan Mahmood Jindal, Sangeetha Vasudevaraj Naveen, Shamala Devi Sekaran, Tunku Kamarul, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Chitosan-based hemostats are promising candidates for immediate hemorrhage control. However, they have some disadvantages and require further improvement to achieve the desired hemostatic efficiency. Here, a series of 1% Ga2O3-containing mesoporous bioactive glass-chitosan composite scaffolds (Ga-MBG/CHT) were constructed by the lyophilization process and the effect of various concentrations of Ga-MBG (10, 30, and 50 wt %) on the hemostatic function of the CHT scaffold was assessed as compared to that of Celox Rapid gauze (CXR), a current commercially available chitosan-coated hemostatic gauze. The prepared scaffolds exhibited >79% porosity and showed increased water uptake compared to that in CXR. The results …
The Effect Of Engineered Nanotopography Of Electrospun Microfibers On Fiber Rigidity And Macrophage Cytokine Production, Nicholas J. Schaub, Anthony R. D'Amato, Andrew Mason, David T. Corr, Erin Y. Harmon, Michelle R. Lennartz, Ryan J. Gilbert
The Effect Of Engineered Nanotopography Of Electrospun Microfibers On Fiber Rigidity And Macrophage Cytokine Production, Nicholas J. Schaub, Anthony R. D'Amato, Andrew Mason, David T. Corr, Erin Y. Harmon, Michelle R. Lennartz, Ryan J. Gilbert
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Currently, it is unknown how the mechanical properties of electro spun fibers, and the presentation of surface nano topography influence macrophage gene expression and protein production. By further elucidating how specific fiber properties (mechanical properties or surface properties) alter macrophage behavior, it may be possible to create electro spun fiber scaffolds capable of initiating unique cellular and tissue responses. In this study, we determined the elastic modulus and rigidity of fibers with varying topographies created by finely controlling humidity and including a non-solvent during electrospinning. In total, five fiber scaffold types were produced. Analysis of fiber physical properties demonstrated no …
Removal Of Retained Electrospinning Solvent Prolongs Drug Release From Electrospun Plla Fibers, Anthony R. D'Amato, Nicholas J. Schaub, Jesus M. Cardenas, Andrew S. Fiumara, Paul M. Troiano, Andrea Fischetti, Ryan J. Gilbert
Removal Of Retained Electrospinning Solvent Prolongs Drug Release From Electrospun Plla Fibers, Anthony R. D'Amato, Nicholas J. Schaub, Jesus M. Cardenas, Andrew S. Fiumara, Paul M. Troiano, Andrea Fischetti, Ryan J. Gilbert
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
A major challenge in developing drug-releasing electro spun nanofibers is obtaining long-term drug release over many weeks with no burst release of drug. Here, we present new methods capable of prolonging the diffusive release of small molecule drugs from electro spun poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) nanofibers. The methods focus on removal of retained electrospinning solvent through fiber heating, maintaining fibers in a laboratory setting, or a combination of these methods. These post-fabrication methods altered the release characteristics of a model small molecule drug, 6-aminonicotinamide (6AN), from PLLA fibers. Specifically, untreated fibers released 6AN over 9 days, and fibers that underwent a …
Redox-Responsive Polysulfide-Based Biodegradable Organosilica Nanoparticles For Delivery Of Bioactive Agents, Seyyed Pouya Hadipour Moghaddam, Jiban Saikia, Mostafa Yazdimamaghani, Hamidreza Ghandehari
Redox-Responsive Polysulfide-Based Biodegradable Organosilica Nanoparticles For Delivery Of Bioactive Agents, Seyyed Pouya Hadipour Moghaddam, Jiban Saikia, Mostafa Yazdimamaghani, Hamidreza Ghandehari
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Design and development of silica nanoparticles (SiO2 NPs) with a controlled degradation profile promises effective drug delivery with a predetermined carrier elimination profile. In this research, we fabricated a series of redox-responsive polysulfide-based biodegradable SiO2 NPs with low polydispersity and with variations in size (average diameters of 58 ± 7, 108 ± 11, 110 ± 9, 124 ± 9, and 332 ± 6 nm), porosity, and composition (disulfide vs tetra sulfide bonds). The degradation kinetics of the nanoparticles was analyzed in the presence of 8 mM glutathione (GSH), mimicking the intracellular reducing condition. Results indicate that porosity and core composition …
Raman Spectral Variation For Human Fingernails Of Postmenopausal Women Is Dependent On Fracture Risk And Osteoporosis Status, J. R. Beattie, M. C. Caraher, N. M. Cummins, O. M. O'Driscoll, R. Eastell, S. H. Ralston, Mark R. Towler
Raman Spectral Variation For Human Fingernails Of Postmenopausal Women Is Dependent On Fracture Risk And Osteoporosis Status, J. R. Beattie, M. C. Caraher, N. M. Cummins, O. M. O'Driscoll, R. Eastell, S. H. Ralston, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Patients diagnosed with osteoporosis have reported loss of fingernail resilience as the disease progresses. Keratin is the predominant protein in human nail tissue, and its structure has been postulated to be different in fingernails clipped from subjects who have sustained fragility fractures and those who have not, which may offer a window into the donor's bone health. This study was designed to qualify these differences, which may lead to the development of a novel screening tool for fracture risk. Raman spectroscopy was used to measure the fingernails of 633 postmenopausal women who presented at six fracture clinics located across the …
Biomaterials For Local, Controlled Drug Delivery To The Injured Spinal Cord, Alexis M. Ziemba, Ryan J. Gilbert
Biomaterials For Local, Controlled Drug Delivery To The Injured Spinal Cord, Alexis M. Ziemba, Ryan J. Gilbert
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Affecting approximately 17,000 new people each year, spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating injury that leads to permanent paraplegia or tetraplegia. Current pharmacological approaches are limited in their ability to ameliorate this injury pathophysiology, as many are not delivered locally, for a sustained duration, or at the correct injury time point. With this review, we aim to communicate the importance of combinatorial biomaterial and pharmacological approaches that target certain aspects of the dynamically changing pathophysiology of SCI. After reviewing the pathophysiology timeline, we present experimental biomaterial approaches to provide local sustained doses of drug. In this review, we present …
Common Treatments And Procedures Used For Fractures Of The Distal Radius And Scaphoid: A Review, Basel A. Khader, Mark R. Towler
Common Treatments And Procedures Used For Fractures Of The Distal Radius And Scaphoid: A Review, Basel A. Khader, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
The distal radius and the scaphoid are the most commonly injured carpal bones among both active adults and the osteoporotic elderly. The purpose of surgical treatment is to restore form and function to the wrist. Depending on the nature of the fracture, either topical procedures or invasive surgery can be applied. This article critiques the treatments currently used for fixation of wrist fractures in order to drive the development of new materials to improve patient outcomes.
Sophorolipid Butyl Ester Diacetate Does Not Affect Macrophage Polarization But Enhances Astrocytic Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Expression At Micromolar Concentrations In Vitro, Alexis M. Ziemba, Manoj K. Gottipati, Filbert Totsingan, Cheryl M. Hanes, Richard A. Gross, Michelle R. Lennartz, Ryan J. Gilbert
Sophorolipid Butyl Ester Diacetate Does Not Affect Macrophage Polarization But Enhances Astrocytic Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Expression At Micromolar Concentrations In Vitro, Alexis M. Ziemba, Manoj K. Gottipati, Filbert Totsingan, Cheryl M. Hanes, Richard A. Gross, Michelle R. Lennartz, Ryan J. Gilbert
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Peritoneal macrophages (PMACs) and spinal cord astrocytes were exposed to varying concentrations of soluble sophorolipid butyl ester diacetate (SLBEDA) in vitro. Macrophages and astrocytes demonstrated no decrease in viability in response to SLBEDA. Studying pro- and anti-inflammatory genes, PMACs did not show a shift toward a pro-inflammatory phenotype. However, at higher concentrations (3 and 30 μM), astrocytes showed an increase in their expression of glial acidic fibrillary protein. This novel category of compounds poses low risk to PMAC and astrocyte viability; however, the effect on PMAC polarization and astrocyte reactivity requires more elucidation.
Polysaccharide Fabrication Platforms And Biocompatibility Assessment As Candidate Wound Dressing Materials, Donald C. Aduba Jr., Hu Yang
Polysaccharide Fabrication Platforms And Biocompatibility Assessment As Candidate Wound Dressing Materials, Donald C. Aduba Jr., Hu Yang
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Wound dressings are critical for wound care because they provide a physical barrier between the injury site and outside environment, preventing further damage or infection. Wound dressings also manage and even encourage the wound healing process for proper recovery. Polysaccharide biopolymers are slowly becoming popular as modern wound dressings materials because they are naturally derived, highly abundant, inexpensive, absorbent, non-toxic and non-immunogenic. Polysaccharide biopolymers have also been processed into biomimetic platforms that offer a bioactive component in wound dressings that aid the healing process. This review primarily focuses on the fabrication and biocompatibility assessment of polysaccharide materials. Specifically, fabrication platforms …
A Novel Tantalum-Containing Bioglass. Part I. Structure And Solubility, Adel Mf Alhalawani, Mark R. Towler
A Novel Tantalum-Containing Bioglass. Part I. Structure And Solubility, Adel Mf Alhalawani, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Bio glasses are employed for surgical augmentation in a range of hard tissue applications. Tantalum is a bioactive and biocompatible transition metal that has been used as an orthopedic medical device. It has a range of biological and physical properties that make its incorporation into ionic form into bioactive glass systems promising for various clinical applications. The work herein reports the characterization and properties of novel tantalum-containing glasses. A series of glasses based on the system 48SiO2-(36-X)ZnO-6CaO-8SrO-2P2O5-XTa2O5 with X varying from 0 mol% (TA0) to 0.5 mol% (TA2) were synthesized. The …
Evaluation Of Procedures To Quantify Solvent Retention In Electrospun Fibers And Facilitate Solvent Removal, Anthony R. D'Amato, Nicholas J. Schaub, Jesus M. Cardenas, Erich Franz, Deniz Rende, Alexis M. Ziemba, Ryan J. Gilbert
Evaluation Of Procedures To Quantify Solvent Retention In Electrospun Fibers And Facilitate Solvent Removal, Anthony R. D'Amato, Nicholas J. Schaub, Jesus M. Cardenas, Erich Franz, Deniz Rende, Alexis M. Ziemba, Ryan J. Gilbert
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Electro spun fiber scaffolds crafted from polyesters are studied extensively for potential tissue engineering applications. For translation of electro spun fibers into the clinic, the FDA requires analysis and quantification of any organic solvent that may be retained in the fibers since many organic solvents can negatively affect cells and tissues. If a significant amount of solvent is retained, then developing procedures for efficient solvent removal may enhance the clinical potential of these materials. In this study we use fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) to analyze solvent retention. A correlative analysis …
Characterization And Fracture Property Of Different Strontium-Containing Borate-Based Glass Coatings For Ti6al4v Substrates, Yiming Li, Ali Matinmanesh, Declan J. Curran, Emil H. Schemitsch, Paul Zalzal, Marcello Papini, Anthony W. Wren, Mark R. Towler
Characterization And Fracture Property Of Different Strontium-Containing Borate-Based Glass Coatings For Ti6al4v Substrates, Yiming Li, Ali Matinmanesh, Declan J. Curran, Emil H. Schemitsch, Paul Zalzal, Marcello Papini, Anthony W. Wren, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
This work considered the effect of increasing Strontium ion (Sr2+) content on the structure of a series of glasses based on the B2O3-P2O5-CaCO3-Na2CO3-TiO2-SrCO3 series and their resultant fracture toughness when coated onto a surgical metal substrate. Six glasses with increasing Sr2+ content (0 to 25 mol%) were synthesized and subsequently characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) and both Magic Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (MAS-NMR) and Raman Spectroscopy. These techniques confirmed that increased Sr2+ content induced …
A Novel Tantalum-Containing Bioglass. Part Ii. Development Of A Bioadhesive For Sternal Fixation And Repair, Adel Mf Alhalawani, Cina Mehrvar, Wendy Stone, Stephen D. Waldman, Mark R. Towler
A Novel Tantalum-Containing Bioglass. Part Ii. Development Of A Bioadhesive For Sternal Fixation And Repair, Adel Mf Alhalawani, Cina Mehrvar, Wendy Stone, Stephen D. Waldman, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
With over a million median sternotomy surgeries performed worldwide every year, sternal wound complications have posed a serious risk to the affected patients. A rigid therapeutic sternal fixation device has therefore become a necessity. In this work, the incorporation of up to 0.5 mol% of tantalum pentoxide (Ta2O5), in exchange for zinc oxide (ZnO), into the SiO2-ZnO-CaO-SrO-P2O5 glass system is presented. The effect of Ta incorporation on the physical, chemical and biological properties of the glass polyalkenoate cements (GPCs) prepared from them have been presented in this manuscript. The data obtained …
Porous Magnesium-Based Scaffolds For Tissue Engineering, Mostafa Yazdimamaghani, Mehdi Razavi, Daryoosh Vashaee, Keyvan Moharamzadeh, Aldo R. Boccaccini, Lobat Tayebi
Porous Magnesium-Based Scaffolds For Tissue Engineering, Mostafa Yazdimamaghani, Mehdi Razavi, Daryoosh Vashaee, Keyvan Moharamzadeh, Aldo R. Boccaccini, Lobat Tayebi
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Significant amount of research efforts has been dedicated to the development of scaffolds for tissue engineering. Although at present most of the studies are focused on non-load bearing scaffolds, many scaffolds have also been investigated for hard tissue repair. In particular, metallic scaffolds are being studied for hard tissue engineering due to their suitable mechanical properties. Several biocompatible metallic materials such as stainless steels, cobalt alloys, titanium alloys, tantalum, nitinol and magnesium alloys have been commonly employed as implants in orthopedic and dental treatments. They are often used to replace and regenerate the damaged bones or to provide structural support …
Differential Protein Adsorption And Cellular Uptake Of Silica Nanoparticles Based On Size And Porosity, Jiban Saikia, Mostafa Yazdimamaghani, Seyyed Pouya Hadipour Moghaddam, Hamidreza Ghandehari
Differential Protein Adsorption And Cellular Uptake Of Silica Nanoparticles Based On Size And Porosity, Jiban Saikia, Mostafa Yazdimamaghani, Seyyed Pouya Hadipour Moghaddam, Hamidreza Ghandehari
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Slight alterations in nanoparticles' surface properties can significantly influence the corona composition which may alter their interaction with the biological milieu. Size and porosity of silica nanoparticles (SNPs) are known to be predominant factors influencing their dose-dependent toxicity. Little is known however about the extent and type of protein adsorption on SNPs as a function of physicochemical properties and the role this might play on mechanisms of cellular uptake and toxicity. In this work we investigated the influence of size and porosity of SNPs on protein adsorption, cellular uptake, and toxicity in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Toxicity of the SNPs was …
Materials And Techniques Used In Cranioplasty Fixation: A Review, Basel A. Khader, Mark R. Towler
Materials And Techniques Used In Cranioplasty Fixation: A Review, Basel A. Khader, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Cranioplasty is the surgical repair of a deficiency or deformity of the skull. The purpose of cranioplasty is to provide protection for the brain following cranial surgery, and to offer relief to psychological disadvantages while increasing social performance. There are several materials that had been used for cranioplasty, but an ideal product has yet to be developed, hence the ongoing research into biologic and non-biologic alternatives to the existing materials. This article critiques the products currently used for cranioplasty in order to facilitate the development of new materials, which can improve patient outcomes.
Hydrothermal Synthesis And Characterisation Of Bioactive Glass-Ceramic Nanorods, Ehsan Zeimaran, Sara Pourshahrestani, Seyed Farid Seyed Shirazi, Belinda Pingguan-Murphy, Nahrizul Adib Kadri, Mark R. Towler
Hydrothermal Synthesis And Characterisation Of Bioactive Glass-Ceramic Nanorods, Ehsan Zeimaran, Sara Pourshahrestani, Seyed Farid Seyed Shirazi, Belinda Pingguan-Murphy, Nahrizul Adib Kadri, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
In this study fabrication of rod-like bioactive glass-ceramics (BGCs) using hydrothermal treatment based on a sol-gel precursor is reported for the first time. BGCs with composition 58 wt% SiO2, 33 wt% CaO and 9 wt% P2O5 were synthesized in different thermal conditions (200 and 220 °C) and characterised with regard to morphology, chemical composition and crystallinity. The bioactivity of the materials was assessed by immersion in simulated body fluid for up to 7 days. The results revealed that as the reaction temperature increased from 200 to 220 °C, the diameter of rods was reduced from …
Raman Spectroscopic Analysis Of Fingernail Clippings Can Help Differentiate Between Postmenopausal Women Who Have And Have Not Suffered A Fracture, James R. Beattie, Niamh M. Cummins, Clare Caraher, Olive M. O'Driscoll, Aruna T. Bansal, Richard Eastell, Stuart H. Ralston, Michael D. Stone, Gill Pearson, Mark R. Towler
Raman Spectroscopic Analysis Of Fingernail Clippings Can Help Differentiate Between Postmenopausal Women Who Have And Have Not Suffered A Fracture, James R. Beattie, Niamh M. Cummins, Clare Caraher, Olive M. O'Driscoll, Aruna T. Bansal, Richard Eastell, Stuart H. Ralston, Michael D. Stone, Gill Pearson, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Raman spectroscopy was applied to nail clippings from 633 postmenopausal British and Irish women, from six clinical sites, of whom 42% had experienced a fragility fracture. The objective was to build a prediction algorithm for fracture using data from four sites (known as the calibration set) and test its performance using data from the other two sites (known as the validation set). Results from the validation set showed that a novel algorithm, combining spectroscopy data with clinical data, provided area under the curve (AUC) of 74% compared to an AUC of 60% from a reduced QFracture score (a clinically accepted …
The Role Of Poly(Acrylic Acid) In Conventional Glass Polyalkenoate Cements, Adel M.F. Alhalawani, Declan J. Curran, Daniel Boyd, Mark R. Towler
The Role Of Poly(Acrylic Acid) In Conventional Glass Polyalkenoate Cements, Adel M.F. Alhalawani, Declan J. Curran, Daniel Boyd, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Glass polyalkenoate cements (GPCs) have been used in dentistry for over 40 years. These novel bioactive materials are the result of a reaction between a finely ground glass (base) and a polymer (acid), usually poly (acrylic acid) (PAA), in the presence of water. This article reviews the types of PAA used as reagents (including how they vary by molar mass, molecular weight, concentration, polydispersity and content) and the way that they control the properties of the conventional GPCs (CGPCs) formulated from them. The article also considers the effect of PAA on the clinical performance of CGPCs, including biocompatibility, rheological and …
Characterization Of Silica-Based And Borate-Based, Titanium-Containing Bioactive Glasses For Coating Metallic Implants, Omar Rodriguez, Declan J. Curran, Marcello Papini, Lana M. Placek, Anthony W. Wren, Emil H. Schemitsch, Paul Zalzal, Mark R. Towler
Characterization Of Silica-Based And Borate-Based, Titanium-Containing Bioactive Glasses For Coating Metallic Implants, Omar Rodriguez, Declan J. Curran, Marcello Papini, Lana M. Placek, Anthony W. Wren, Emil H. Schemitsch, Paul Zalzal, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Bioactive glasses have found applications in diverse fields, including orthopedics and dentistry, where they have been utilized for the fixation of bone and teeth and as scaffolds for drug delivery. The present work outlines the characterization of two novel titanium-containing glass series, one silica-based and one borate-based. For the silica-based series, titanium is added at the expense of silicon dioxide whereas for the borate-based series, it is added at the expense of boron oxide as confirmed by Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy. Amorphous structures are obtained for silica-based glass at 15 mol% TiO2 and for borate-based glasses at 0 mol% and …
Antibacterial Properties Of Poly (Octanediol Citrate)/Gallium-Containing Bioglass Composite Scaffolds, Ehsan Zeimaran, Sara Pourshahrestani, Ivan Djordjevic, Belinda Pingguan-Murphy, Nahrizul Adib Kadri, Anthony W. Wren, Mark R. Towler
Antibacterial Properties Of Poly (Octanediol Citrate)/Gallium-Containing Bioglass Composite Scaffolds, Ehsan Zeimaran, Sara Pourshahrestani, Ivan Djordjevic, Belinda Pingguan-Murphy, Nahrizul Adib Kadri, Anthony W. Wren, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Bioactive glasses may function as antimicrobial delivery systems through the incorporation and subsequent release of therapeutic ions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial properties of a series of composite scaffolds composed of poly (octanediol citrate) with increased loads of a bioactive glass that releases zinc (Zn2+) and gallium (Ga3+) ions in a controlled manner. The antibacterial activity of these scaffolds was investigated against both Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria. The ability of the scaffolds to release ions and the subsequent ingress of these ions into hard tissue was evaluated …
Inorganic Hemostats: The State-Of-The-Art And Recent Advances, Sara Pourshahrestani, Ehsan Zeimaran, Ivan Djordjevic, Nahrizul Adib Kadri, Mark R. Towler
Inorganic Hemostats: The State-Of-The-Art And Recent Advances, Sara Pourshahrestani, Ehsan Zeimaran, Ivan Djordjevic, Nahrizul Adib Kadri, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Hemorrhage is the most common cause of death both in hospitals and on the battlefield. The need for an effective hemostatic agent remains, since all injuries are not amenable to tourniquet use. There are many topical hemostatic agents and dressings available to control severe bleeding. This article reviews the most commonly used inorganic hemostats, subcategorized as zeolite and clay-based hemostats. Their hemostatic functions as well as their structural properties that are believed to induce hemostasis are discussed. The most important findings from in vitro and in vivo experiments are also covered.
Relating Ion Release And Ph To In Vitro Cell Viability For Gallium-Inclusive Bioactive Glasses, Timothy J. Keenan, L. M. Placek, T. L. Mcginnity, Mark R. Towler, M. M. Hall, A. W. Wren
Relating Ion Release And Ph To In Vitro Cell Viability For Gallium-Inclusive Bioactive Glasses, Timothy J. Keenan, L. M. Placek, T. L. Mcginnity, Mark R. Towler, M. M. Hall, A. W. Wren
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
A bioactive glass (BG) in which Ga was substituted for Zn was formulated to investigate whether the ionic form of Ga can elicit effects similar to gallium nitrate. The ion release and pH of BG extracts were evaluated, as well as the in vitro cytocompatibility of extracts in contact with mouse fibroblasts and human osteoblasts. After incubation times of 1 year, the glass (TGa-1) containing the smaller Ga-addition (8 mol%) released the most sodium (Na) (1420 mg/L), silicon (Si) (221 mg/L), and Ga (1295 mg/L), while the glass (TGa-2) containing the larger Ga-addition (16 mol%), exhibited release levels between TGa-1, …
Gallium-Containing Mesoporous Bioactive Glass With Potent Hemostatic Activity And Antibacterial Efficacy, Sara Pourshahrestani, Ehsan Zeimaran, Nahrizul Adib Kadri, Nicola Gargiulo, Shani Samuel, Sangeetha Vasudevaraj Naveen, Tunku Kamarul, Mark R. Towler
Gallium-Containing Mesoporous Bioactive Glass With Potent Hemostatic Activity And Antibacterial Efficacy, Sara Pourshahrestani, Ehsan Zeimaran, Nahrizul Adib Kadri, Nicola Gargiulo, Shani Samuel, Sangeetha Vasudevaraj Naveen, Tunku Kamarul, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Haemorrhage remains the leading cause of potentially survivable death in both military and civilian populations. Although a large variety of hemostatic agents have been developed, many of them have an inadequate capacity to induce hemostasis and are not effective in killing bacteria. In recent years, mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBGs) were found to be effective in inducing hemostasis. However, the materials may not be considered as ideal hemostats since they do not offer antimicrobial activity. The gallium ion (Ga+3) not only exhibits antibacterial properties but also accelerates the blood coagulation cascade. The aim of this study was to develop …
Biomineralization And Biocompatibility Studies Of Bone Conductive Scaffolds Containing Poly(3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene):Poly(4-Styrene Sulfonate) (Pedot:Pss), Mostafa Yazdimamaghani, Mehdi Razavi, Masoud Mozafari, Daryoosh Vashaee, Hari Kotturi, Lobat Tayebi
Biomineralization And Biocompatibility Studies Of Bone Conductive Scaffolds Containing Poly(3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene):Poly(4-Styrene Sulfonate) (Pedot:Pss), Mostafa Yazdimamaghani, Mehdi Razavi, Masoud Mozafari, Daryoosh Vashaee, Hari Kotturi, Lobat Tayebi
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Considering the well-known phenomenon of enhancing bone healing by applying electromagnetic stimulation, manufacturing conductive bone scaffolds is on demand to facilitate the delivery of electromagnetic stimulation to the injured region, which in turn significantly expedites the healing procedure in tissue engineering methods. For this purpose, hybrid conductive scaffolds composed of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), poly (4-styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), gelatin (Gel), and bioactive glass (BaG) were produced employing freeze drying technique. Concentration of PEDOT:PSS were optimized to design the most appropriate conductive scaffold in terms of biocompatibility and cell proliferation. More specifically, scaffolds with four different compositions of 0, 0.1, 0.3 and 0.6 % …
The Effect Of Surface Modification Of Aligned Poly-L-Lactic Acid Electrospun Fibers On Fiber Degradation And Neurite Extension, Nicholas J. Schaub, Clémentine Le Beux, Jianjun Miao, Robert J. Linhardt, Johan G. Alauzun, Danielle Laurencin, Ryan J. Gilbert
The Effect Of Surface Modification Of Aligned Poly-L-Lactic Acid Electrospun Fibers On Fiber Degradation And Neurite Extension, Nicholas J. Schaub, Clémentine Le Beux, Jianjun Miao, Robert J. Linhardt, Johan G. Alauzun, Danielle Laurencin, Ryan J. Gilbert
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
The surface of aligned, electro spun poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) fibers was chemically modified to determine if surface chemistry and hydrophilicity could improve neurite extension from chick dorsal root ganglia. Specifically, diethylenetriamine (DTA, for amine functionalization), 2-(2-aminoethoxy) ethanol (AEO, for alcohol functionalization), or GRGDS (cell adhesion peptide) were covalently attached to the surface of electro spun fibers. Water contact angle measurements revealed that surface modification of electro spun fibers significantly improved fiber hydrophilicity compared to unmodified fibers (p < 0.05). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fibers revealed that surface modification changed fiber topography modestly, with DTA modified fibers displaying the roughest surface structure. Degradation of chemically modified fibers revealed no change in fiber diameter in any group over a period of seven days. Unexpectedly, neurites from chick DRG were longest on fibers without surface modification (1651 ± 488 μm) and fibers containing GRGDS (1560 ± 107 μm). Fibers modified with oxygen plasma (1240 ± 143 μm) or DTA (1118 ± 82 μm) produced shorter neurites than the GRGDS or unmodified fibers but were not statistically shorter than unmodified and GRGDS modified fibers. Fibers modified with AEO (844 ± 151 μm) were significantly shorter than unmodified and GRGDS modified fibers (p< 0.05). Based on these results, we conclude that fiber hydrophilic enhancement alone on electro spun PLLA fibers does not enhance neurite outgrowth. Further work must be conducted to better understand why neurite extension was not improved on more hydrophilic fibers, but the results presented here do not recommend hydrophilic surface modification for the purpose of improving neurite extension unless a bioactive ligand is used.
Magnetic Ngf-Releasing Plla/Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Direct Extending Neurites And Preferentially Guide Neurites Along Aligned Electrospun Microfibers, Jonathan M. Zuidema, Christina Provenza, Tyler Caliendo, Silvio Dutz, Ryan J. Gilbert
Magnetic Ngf-Releasing Plla/Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Direct Extending Neurites And Preferentially Guide Neurites Along Aligned Electrospun Microfibers, Jonathan M. Zuidema, Christina Provenza, Tyler Caliendo, Silvio Dutz, Ryan J. Gilbert
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Nerve growth factor releasing composite nanoparticles (NGF-cNPs) were developed to direct the extension of neurite outgrowth from dorsal root ganglia (DRG). Iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles were incorporated into poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA) nanoparticles in order to position the NGF-cNPs in a culture dish. Neurites growing from DRG extended toward the NGF released from the NGF-cNPs. DRG were then cultured on aligned PLLA microfibers in the presence of NGF-cNPs, and these biomaterials combined to align DRG neurite extension along one axis and preferentially toward the NGF-cNPs. This combinatorial biomaterial approach shows promise as a strategy to direct the extension of regenerating neurites.
Raman Spectroscopy Applied To The Noninvasive Detection Of Monosodium Urate Crystal Deposits, Declan J. Curran, Laurence Rubin, Mark R. Towler
Raman Spectroscopy Applied To The Noninvasive Detection Of Monosodium Urate Crystal Deposits, Declan J. Curran, Laurence Rubin, Mark R. Towler
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
An off-the-shelf Raman Spectrometer (RS) was used to noninvasively determine the presence of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals on the metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) of a single gout sufferer. The spectrum sourced from the clinically diagnosed gout sufferer was compared to that sourced from an age-matched healthy subject scanned using the same protocol. Minimal signal processing was conducted on both spectra. Peaks characteristic of MSU crystals were evident on the spectrum sourced from the gout sufferer and not on the spectrum from the healthy control.