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Articles 61 - 90 of 366
Full-Text Articles in Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering
Machine Learning And Deep Learning Applications In Neuroimaging, Gowtham Krishnan Murugesan
Machine Learning And Deep Learning Applications In Neuroimaging, Gowtham Krishnan Murugesan
Bioengineering Dissertations - Archive
Deep Learning (DL) tools have the potential to analyze large datasets and extract meaningful insights to enhance patient outcomes. Radiological images such as MRI and CT, often contain complex patterns that can be difficult and time consuming to evaluate manually. Deep learning algorithms can improve treatment decisions and patient care beyond the realm of research. The goal of this dissertation is to apply advanced deep learning methods in three distinct domains of neuroimaging, 1.fMRI Analysis, 2. MR Image Synthesis, and 3. Clinical applications in brain tumors. First, we developed a new fMRI network inference method named as BrainNET using Machine …
In Vivo Ultrasound-Switchable Fluorescence Imaging And Its Applications, Tingfeng Yao
In Vivo Ultrasound-Switchable Fluorescence Imaging And Its Applications, Tingfeng Yao
Bioengineering Dissertations - Archive
The conventional fluorescence imaging has limited spatial resolution in centimeters-deep tissue because of the tissue’s high scattering property. Ultrasound-switchable fluorescence (USF) imaging, a new imaging technique, was recently proposed to realize high-resolution fluorescence imaging in centimeters-deep tissue. Although promising results were achieved in tissue-mimic phantoms or tissue samples, the in vivo USF imaging had not been realized so far. There were two major challenges in realizing in vivo USF imaging. First, the lack of stable near-infrared (NIR) USF contrast agents in a biological environment and the lack of data about their biodistributions. Second, the previous USF imaging systems adopted a …
The Biomechanics Of Cardiac Elastin And Its Role In Bioengineering, Sara R. Mcmahan
The Biomechanics Of Cardiac Elastin And Its Role In Bioengineering, Sara R. Mcmahan
Bioengineering Dissertations - Archive
Elastin is an essential structural protein responsible for the elasticity of many tissues, including skin, lungs, blood vessels, and other highly dynamic tissues and organs in the body. In the heart, cardiac elastin has been largely ignored as one of the key players in heart health and functionality. In this study, we will fill the knowledge gap with novel experiments and biomechanical investigations that will allow us to understand the roles of elastin in cardiac biomechanics, as well as explore the bioengineering applications of elastin-rich cardiac tissues. For Aim 1, we performed a biomechanical and ultrastructural comparison of the elastin-rich …
Impact Of Muscular Fatigue And Its Modulation Using Transcranial Photobiomodulation (Tpbm) On The Human Brain Measured By Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (Fnirs), Elizabeth Lyde Urquhart
Impact Of Muscular Fatigue And Its Modulation Using Transcranial Photobiomodulation (Tpbm) On The Human Brain Measured By Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (Fnirs), Elizabeth Lyde Urquhart
Bioengineering Dissertations - Archive
When performing exercise, the brain must register and simultaneously integrate input from feedforward (i.e., central command) and feedback (e.g., exercise pressor reflex) neural mechanisms to make appropriate cardiovascular adjustments to meet metabolic demands. Muscle fatigue occurs during prolonged exercise and is characterized by a reduction in force-generating capability of the muscle. Fatigue comprises of two components: central and peripheral fatigue. Peripheral fatigue is produced at or distal to the neuromuscular junction whereas, central fatigue originates in the central nervous system. However, central fatigue’s contribution to peripheral fatigue is less understood and functional neuroimaging is being investigated as a tool to …
Targeting The Oligomannose Biomarker Present On Distinct Subsets Of Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas, Butaek Lim
Targeting The Oligomannose Biomarker Present On Distinct Subsets Of Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas, Butaek Lim
Bioengineering Dissertations - Archive
Subtypes of B cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas, including follicular lymphomas, have shown a unique high oligomannose presentation on their immunoglobulins that will interact with natural receptors of the innate immunity, reportedly causing stimulation and proliferation. From next generation deep sequencing of the variable heavy and light chain sequences of follicular lymphoma involved tissue sections, we identified the consensus variable sequences possessing glycosylation sites at the complementarity determining region. Using this information, we developed a cell line, referred to here as BZ, which displays the consensus variable segments as part of a surface antibody (IgM) and confirmed its presentation of high oligomannose …
Modulation Of Physiologic Responses Of Insulin Secreting Cells Using Electrical And Photostimulation, Caleb Nathaniel Liebman
Modulation Of Physiologic Responses Of Insulin Secreting Cells Using Electrical And Photostimulation, Caleb Nathaniel Liebman
Bioengineering Dissertations - Archive
Islet transplantation is a surgical procedure aimed at providing insulin independence to those suffering with Type I diabetes. Prior to implantation, a therapeutic window exists ex vivo where the cells can be treated in order to improve the procedure’s efficacy. It is well established that physical stimuli are able to affect cellular functionality. Thus the work herein is designed to elucidate the effects and mechanisms by which the insulin secreting β-cells respond to non-invasive electric field stimulation and photobiomodulation. Insulin secreting β-cells are an electrically active cell type and utilize their calcium dynamics to control insulin secretion. The calcium dynamics …
Nanoparticle-Based Approaches In Cardiovascular Diseases, Aneetta E. Kuriakose
Nanoparticle-Based Approaches In Cardiovascular Diseases, Aneetta E. Kuriakose
Bioengineering Dissertations - Archive
Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) such as balloon angioplasty and stent placement are commonly employed for myocardial revascularization. These strategies, however, injure the arterial wall initiating a cascade of inflammatory responses that culminates in restenosis. Attempts are currently being made to improve the stents/balloon designs such that they suppress the inflammatory responses and support/enhance in situ reendothelialization. But the healing of the injured artery remains a major challenge. Therefore, in this work, we propose to characterize and identify a suitable fluorescent nanoparticle system that has potential to be used as vascular drug carriers. We also developed nanoparticles (NPs) that could enhance …
Novel Quantification Of Neurovascular Coupling (Nvc) To Predict Brain Injury In Neonates With Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy, Yudhajit Das
Novel Quantification Of Neurovascular Coupling (Nvc) To Predict Brain Injury In Neonates With Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy, Yudhajit Das
Bioengineering Dissertations - Archive
Birth asphyxia is a global burden in clinical neonatal care. It results from deprivation of oxygen to a newborn infant that lasts too long during the birth causing physical harm to the brain. The asphyxia insult impairs fetal cerebral blood flow and results in a distinctive neonatal encephalopathy (NE). Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) accounts for a significant proportion of encephalopathic newborns. Currently there is no reliable quantitative metric is available to predict outcome of neurological injury in neonates with HIE at the bedside in the first day of life. My dissertation targets on this gap by developing novel quantification methods of …
Whole-Head Functional Brain Imaging Of Economic Risk Decision Making And Transcranial Photobiomodulation With Fnirs And Eeg, Hashini I. Wanniarachchi Kankanamalage
Whole-Head Functional Brain Imaging Of Economic Risk Decision Making And Transcranial Photobiomodulation With Fnirs And Eeg, Hashini I. Wanniarachchi Kankanamalage
Bioengineering Dissertations - Archive
Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and electroencephalography (EEG) are two non-invasive brain imaging or mapping modalities that allow us to measure cerebral hemodynamic and electrophysiological changes in the human brain, respectively. LABNIRS is a cutting-edge, whole-head, optical brain mapping system with 40 pairs of light sources (at 780 nm830 nm) and 40 detectors, forming up to 133 detection channels. In my study, whole-head LABNIRS and 64-channel EEG were utilized to investigate respective alterations in response to risk decision- making under business context and to non-invasive photobiomodulation. As the first part of my study, I utilized fNIRS (i.e., LABNIRS) as a tool …
Photobiomodulation And Stem Cell Differentiation: Application To Modulate Adipogenesis Through Cellular And Nuclear Morphology, Andrew Redmond Mccolloch
Photobiomodulation And Stem Cell Differentiation: Application To Modulate Adipogenesis Through Cellular And Nuclear Morphology, Andrew Redmond Mccolloch
Bioengineering Dissertations - Archive
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are of great interest in regenerative medicine due to their capability to self-renew and differentiate to various lineages. Typically, differentiation to specific cell types has relied on the use of growth factors and other reagents to provide an environment conducive to the desired cell type. More recently, orthogonal cues other than chemical factors have been elucidated to regulate the lineage commitment. For example, the cell shape, cellular mechanics and substrate stiffness have been found to play a role in determining the fate of MSCs. However, it remains still elusive how the morphological and mechanical changes in …
Study Of Upregulation Of Drug Resistance In H460 Lung Cancer Cells Via Microchannel Device, Nowmi Haider
Study Of Upregulation Of Drug Resistance In H460 Lung Cancer Cells Via Microchannel Device, Nowmi Haider
Bioengineering Theses - Archive
Metastasis is the main reason of high mortality rates in cancer patients. Treating these patients becomes difficult once the cancer has metastasized, especially due to their drug resistance. Drug resistance is a common problem that occurs when treating cancer patients, as in most cancer types, the cells are capable of drug efflux. This makes treatments like chemotherapy ineffective. Therefore, it is important to find alternative methods of treatment that can effectively kill drug resistant cancer cells. Lung cancer is one type of cancer that is the second most diagnosed cancer in the U.S. In this study, microchannels were used to …
Fabrication And Examination Of Magnetic Bacterial Cellulose As A Material For Biomedical Engineering, Xi Chen
Fabrication And Examination Of Magnetic Bacterial Cellulose As A Material For Biomedical Engineering, Xi Chen
Bioengineering Theses - Archive
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is one of the most abundant biopolymers in nature. Several attributes such as facilitative modification, high pore size/porosity, able to mass produce as well as biocompatibility renders BC a promising candidate for many fronts of biomedical engineering. One consideration for BC as a biomedical material over conventional plant cellulose is the ease in which BC can be obtained to provide high purity cellulose. In comparison to collagen, another biopolymer with considerable prospects for biomedical engineering, BC possesses a higher degree of elasticity, water retention, and lower degradability. The high affinity towards water and high porosity provide BC …
Examination Of The Effects Of Confined Migration On Androgen Resistant Prostate Cancer And Potential Treatment Option For Drug Resistant Pc3 Cells With Calcitriol, Emily Torrey Ann Hills
Examination Of The Effects Of Confined Migration On Androgen Resistant Prostate Cancer And Potential Treatment Option For Drug Resistant Pc3 Cells With Calcitriol, Emily Torrey Ann Hills
Bioengineering Theses - Archive
When localized to the prostate, prostate cancer (PCa) has a near 100% 5-year survival rate, however, when prostate cancer metastasizes the survival rate drastically drops to around 30%. The low death rate of primary PCa is due to the wealth of knowledge we have of non-metastatic cancer and the sufficient treatment regimens. However, this understanding does not apply to metastatic cancer, so therapies are greatly lacking. To gain a better understanding of the invasion process for PCa we utilized microchannel technology to uncover the differences between migratory and non-migratory PCa. Specifically, the following study examines the effects of confined migration …
Quantification Of Nocturnal Blood Pressure Oscillations In Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients, Yao Shun Chuang
Quantification Of Nocturnal Blood Pressure Oscillations In Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients, Yao Shun Chuang
Bioengineering Theses - Archive
An approach to quantifying and analysis of nocturnal blood pressure (BP) variations that are elicited by sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is presented. A sample-by-sample aggregation of the dynamic BP variations during normal breathing and BP oscillations prompted by apnea episodes is performed. This approach facilitates the visualization and analysis of BP oscillations. Nocturnal BP oscillations reflect the cardiovascular stresses that SDB mediates and may be of clinical significance. Preliminary results from an analysis of full night study of 10 SDB subjects (8 Male 2 Female, 53±5.7 yrs., Body Mass Index 34.5±7.8 kg/m2, Apnea-Hypopnea Index 63.5±28.7) are presented. Aggregate trajectory and quantitative …
Nanoparticle-Mediated Controlled Myocardial Drug Delivery: A New Treatment For Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy, Michelle Katherine Mcgrath Copeland
Nanoparticle-Mediated Controlled Myocardial Drug Delivery: A New Treatment For Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy, Michelle Katherine Mcgrath Copeland
Bioengineering Dissertations - Archive
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a genetic disease of the sarcomere, resulting in overgrowth of the septum that separates the left and right ventricles. HCM can affect as many as 1/200 people, making it the most common genetic cardiomyopathy in the general population, as well as the most common cause of sudden cardiac death (SCD). In severe HCM cases, cardiothoracic surgeons perform septal myectomy to remove the excess tissue. However, many patients are poor surgical candidates and require another, less invasive treatment option. In these cases, alcohol septal ablation (ASA) is performed. With ASA, cardiologists deliver pure alcohol through a catheter …
Development Of Medical Devices For Osteoarthritis Diagnosis, Antimicrobial, Wound Closure, And Wound Ph Milieu Monitoring, Shuxin Li
Bioengineering Dissertations - Archive
Nanotechnology has been widely used in the field of biomedical engineering. For example, nanoparticles have been employed for targeted drug delivery due to their retention effect, increased permeability, site-specific targeting, and avoiding phagocytosis as foreign materials. Moreover, nanotools, such as liposomes, Q-dots, dendrimers, micelles, and carbon nanotubes, have been developed for disease diagnosis and treatment. Generally, the application of nanotechnology can be categorized as follows: nanomedicine, tissue regeneration, biomarker/biosensors, nanorobots, and gene therapy. In the past four years, I have been focusing on developing nanotechnology for diagnosis and treatment of many diseases such as osteoarthritis, open wound, and infection. Based …
Design, Development, And Validation Of A Novel Optical Imaging Device For Biomedical Applications, Ashley Christine Dacy
Design, Development, And Validation Of A Novel Optical Imaging Device For Biomedical Applications, Ashley Christine Dacy
Bioengineering Dissertations - Archive
Fluorescence and luminescence imaging are two promising optical techniques for diagnosing a variety of critical pathologies in vivo, including wound healing, inflammation, and vascular diseases. Despite this, there is a lack of imaging devices in research and commercially available that are capable of these imaging modalities in large animal applications. This work describes the progressive development of several optical imaging devices to fill this void, culminating in a final design with robust fluorescence and luminescence functionality designed for large animal and human applications. These devices are used to gather new data about various physical parameters in small and large animal …
Ultrasound Switchable Fluorescence Imaging Based On A Time Gated Iccd Camera, Shuai Yu
Ultrasound Switchable Fluorescence Imaging Based On A Time Gated Iccd Camera, Shuai Yu
Bioengineering Dissertations - Archive
Ultrasound switchable fluorescence (USF) imaging has been proposed as a novel imaging modality which provides microscopic fluorescence imaging in centimeter-deep tissue. USF is possible to reveal many interesting phenomena such as microcirculation, tumor angiogenesis, and cancer metastasis and diagnose early-stage cancer. USF adopts a focused ultrasound (FU) to repetitively switch “on” fluorescent agents in tissue, and the USF photons scatter out and are captured by a detector. A USF image provides acoustic resolution and optical sensitivity. In USF, there are two key components: 1) an excellent USF contrast agent; and 2) a sensitive USF imaging system. The major challenge of …
Novel Analysis Of Wavelet Coherence And Phase-Amplitude Coupling To Investigate The Human Brain At Four Vigilance States, Seyedeh Parisa Rabbani
Novel Analysis Of Wavelet Coherence And Phase-Amplitude Coupling To Investigate The Human Brain At Four Vigilance States, Seyedeh Parisa Rabbani
Bioengineering Dissertations - Archive
Despite breakthroughs in the field of neuroimaging, there remain many unanswered questions about brain functions and activities and their underlying physiological processes. In my dissertation research, I examined brain functions while human subjects experienced four vigilance states: (1) resting state with eyes open, (2) resting awake state with eyes closed, (3) sleep stage 1 and (4) sleep stage 2. Simultaneous dual modality measurements using electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) were acquired during the aforementioned vigilance states. Specifically, I examined brain processes from two different perspectives: brain hemodynamics (blood flow) and electrophysiology (brain waves). My dissertation had three …
Development And Investigation Of Fluorescence Imaging Probes, Bahar Saremi
Development And Investigation Of Fluorescence Imaging Probes, Bahar Saremi
Bioengineering Dissertations - Archive
Fluorescence imaging has attracted much attention due to high sensitivity, spatial and temporal resolution, and fast acquisition time, for imaging biomolecular processes and for diagnosis of diseases such as cancer in early stages. Fluorescence imaging in centimeter-deep tissue suffers from low spatial resolution because of the strong scattering of light. On the other hand ultrasound imaging benefits from 1000 times less scattering in the tissue and deep penetration. Ultrasound switchable fluorescence imaging is a relatively new imaging modality that combines the sensitivity of optical imaging with the depth of penetration of ultrasound imaging while preserving the resolution by only eliciting …
Lung Cancer Targeted Chemotherapy Via Herceptin Based Chimeric Antigen Receptor (Car) Engineered T Cell Membrane Coated Synthetic Nanoparticles, Serkan Yaman
Bioengineering Dissertations - Archive
Cell membrane-derived nanoparticles recently caught attention due to their desirable features in drug delivery such as mimicking properties of native tissue and cells, avoiding systemic clearance, and alleviating foreign body responses. Besides nanoparticle technology, adoptive immunotherapy has emerged for its promising treatment modalities, including cancer specificity. Our long-term goal for this research is to develop a biomimetic drug carrier based on chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) transduced T cell membranes. In the study, anti-cancer drug afatinib loaded poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) co-extruded with anti her-2 based chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) Jurkat T cell membranes. Anti her-2 CAR-T cells were produced by …
Development Of Medical Devices For Diagnosing Cartilage Injury And Metastatic Cancers, Yi Hui Huang
Development Of Medical Devices For Diagnosing Cartilage Injury And Metastatic Cancers, Yi Hui Huang
Bioengineering Dissertations - Archive
My research focused on applying biomedical engineering techniques to diagnose different diseases and conditions. The results of these work led to one published paper and two submitted manuscripts which are summarized in Chapters 2, 3 &4. Briefly, in Chapter 2, my work laid emphasis on developing a method for early detection of cartilage injury. An apoptotic cell-detecting probe was fabricated by the conjugation of the apoptotic cell-binding peptide (CQRPPR) and a sulfo-cyanine7 N-hydroxysuccinimide ester (Cy7 dye). Both in vitro and ex vivo examination showed an excellent relationship between the number of apoptotic chondrocytes and probe binding affinity. Finally, using a …
Application Of Tissue Engineering Techniques For Treating Cartilage Injury And Diagnosing Cancer Metastasis, Amirhossein Hakamivala
Application Of Tissue Engineering Techniques For Treating Cartilage Injury And Diagnosing Cancer Metastasis, Amirhossein Hakamivala
Bioengineering Dissertations - Archive
This study focuses on the application of tissue engineering techniques for the diagnosis of cancer metastasis, cartilage regeneration, and modeling of lymph node metastasis. Chapter 1 is an overview of tissue engineering strategies, and it describes how each chapter relates to the central theme. Chapter 2 describes the development of 3D lymph node (LN) mimetic for studying prostate cancer metastasis. The overall objective of this chapter was to develop a biosystem with the ability to mimic metastatic LN condition. Studies were first designed to uncover the critical cells types and chemokines responsible for cancer metastasis to the LNs. An LN …
Development Of An In Vitro Tbi Models And Validation Of Nanodelivery For Restoration Of Disrupted Brain Endothelium, Edidiong I. Inyang
Development Of An In Vitro Tbi Models And Validation Of Nanodelivery For Restoration Of Disrupted Brain Endothelium, Edidiong I. Inyang
Bioengineering Dissertations - Archive
Blast-induced traumatic brain injury (bTBI) is a serious concern among military personnel and their families. Although the mechanisms responsible for disruption to the brain are not well understood, the development of reliable diagnosis along with effective therapeutic treatment is urgently warranted. Recent findings suggest that shockwaves produced by a blast can generate micron-size bubbles that subsequently collapse in the brain tissue. The collapse of microbubbles (referred to as microcavitation) may compromise the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Moreover, addiction to the psycho-stimulant drugs (PSDs), e.g. cocaine and alcohol which are known to cause toxicity due to oxidative stress, can …
Mathematical Modeling Of Blood Pressure And Cerebral Blood Flow Using Photoplethysmography Signal, Armin Soltan Zadi
Mathematical Modeling Of Blood Pressure And Cerebral Blood Flow Using Photoplethysmography Signal, Armin Soltan Zadi
Bioengineering Dissertations - Archive
Continuous and non-invasive monitoring of blood pressure (BP) and cerebral blood flow (CBF) has numerous clinical and health maintenance applications. Of particular interest is monitoring of BP and CBF during events that stress the cardiovascular system such as cessation of breathing during sleep apnea. Current means and methods of continuous measurement of these signals are either invasive or require expensive equipment. Therefore, investigation of new methods of continuous estimation of the BP and CBF are of high interest. One attractive alternative is to use photoplethysmography (PPG) technique to estimate BP and CBF, as PPG is shown to be able to …
The Hip-Spine Effect: How Pathological Femoro-Pelvic Interactions Contribute To Abnormal Lumbar Spine Loading, Anthony Nicholas Khoury
The Hip-Spine Effect: How Pathological Femoro-Pelvic Interactions Contribute To Abnormal Lumbar Spine Loading, Anthony Nicholas Khoury
Bioengineering Dissertations - Archive
ABSTRACT THE HIP-SPINE EFFECT: HOW PATHOLOGICAL FEMORO-PELVIC INTERACTIONS CONTRIBUTE TO ABNORMAL LUMBAR SPINE LOADING Anthony Nicholas Khoury, Ph.D. The University of Texas at Arlington, 2019 Supervising Professor: Hal David Martin Cheng-Jen Chuong Lumbar pathology has been shown to explain hip pain, as hip pathology is involved in the development of lumbar pain by the disruption of normal lumbopelvic kinematics. Hip pathologies that contribute to lumbar pain include flexion deformities, osteoarthritis, congenital hip dislocation, and limited hip range of motion. To date there is a paucity of research that actively looks to investigate the symbiotic relationship between the hip and the …
Understanding Scalp Eeg In Response To Newsvendor Decision-Making And Feedback, Mobasshir Hossain Akash
Understanding Scalp Eeg In Response To Newsvendor Decision-Making And Feedback, Mobasshir Hossain Akash
Bioengineering Theses - Archive
Neuroeconomics is an emerging field integrating economic theories with neuroscience to enhance the understanding on how humans make decisions under different cost-effective conditions. Understanding the brain network associated with different cognitive tasks, to investigate the basic neural processes that underlie complex higher-order cognitive operations, has become an important research topic in behavioral neuroscience. Newsvendor problem plays a vital role among all prevalent concepts. This study is designed based on Newsvendor problem incorporating 40 trials for each subject at a randomly chosen low-profit or high-profit margin treatments to investigate how electrophysiological signals in the human brain are differentiated under the two …
Rational Design And Synthesis Of Biodegradable Polyurethane Based Biomaterials, Cancan Xu
Rational Design And Synthesis Of Biodegradable Polyurethane Based Biomaterials, Cancan Xu
Bioengineering Dissertations - Archive
Biodegradable polyurethanes have been applied in biomedical field since 1960s. In recent years, biodegradable polyurethanes have been widely investigated for tissue repair and regeneration because of their good mechanical properties, elasticity, biodegradability, biocompatibility and processability. Compared with some commonly used biodegradable polymers, such as poly(glycolide) (PGA), poly(lactide) (PLA), poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), the favorable aspects of biodegradable polyurethane are its mechanical, physicochemical and biological properties can be tailored by varying the three blocks in polyurethane backbone, diisocyanate, diol and chain extender. In this thesis, we focus on the development of different functional biodegradable polyurethanes to study their structure-property relationships …
Stimuli-Responsive Nanoparticles For Treatment Of Lung Cancer, Roshni Iyer
Stimuli-Responsive Nanoparticles For Treatment Of Lung Cancer, Roshni Iyer
Bioengineering Dissertations - Archive
Despite extensive research and progress in anti-cancer therapeutics, an effective treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains elusive, resulting in poor 5-year patient survival rate. Towards this end, we have explored a therapeutic regimen to improve the effects of local concurrent chemo-radiation-therapy (CRT), by utilizing multifunctional stimuli-responsive nanoparticles (NPs) as drug carriers. We have also utilized lung cancer targeting strategies for site-specific drug delivery, mainly antibodies against the Ephrin-transmembrane receptor kinase (EphA2), that is over-expressed mainly on lung cancer cells, to promote the targeted delivery of drugs to only cancer cells, and eventually reduce the toxicity to healthy tissues. …
Development Of Particle Platforms For Delivery Of Angiogenic Reagents To Treat Peripheral Arterial Diseases, Duong Quang Le
Development Of Particle Platforms For Delivery Of Angiogenic Reagents To Treat Peripheral Arterial Diseases, Duong Quang Le
Bioengineering Dissertations - Archive
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a disease that one or several peripheral arteries are narrowed or blocked. PAD is an emerging disease that cost annually 10-20 billions of US dollars for health care in America. PAD patients suffer high risk of limb loss, amputations and mortalities. At 5 years, the amputation rate for PAD is 40%-70% while the 5-year survival rate is less than 30%. For PAD patients undergoing acute and critical limb ischemia, surgery bypass and endovascular balloon/stenting are applied as standard treatments. However, surgical bypass is subject to patients’ readiness of autologous veins and the depth of arteries …