Engineering Commons^™

Heterogeneous Multi-Ant Colony Algorithm Combining Competitive Interaction Strategy And Eliminatingreconstructing Mechanism, Chen Feng, Xiaoming You, Sheng Liu

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: The traditional ant colony algorithm has many problems in convergence and diversity when solving the traveling salesman problem (TSP). Therefore, this paper proposes a heterogeneous multi-ant colony algorithm that combines the competitive interaction strategy and the eliminating-reconstructing mechanism (CEACO) to overcome these shortcomings. Firstly, the algorithm uses a competitive interaction strategy, which adjusts the interaction period adaptively according to the Hamming distance of different groups in different periods. Competition coefficients are adopted to differentiate matching interaction objects for interaction. The matched objects interact with each other through the optimal solution and pheromone matrix. This mechanism achieves a balance between …

Multi-Model Soft Sensor Modeling Under Help-Training Strategy, Luosuyang He, Weili Xiong

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Due to the strong nonlinearity, multi-stage coupling, and the small number of labeled samples in complex industrial processes, it is difficult for traditional global soft sensor models to accurately describe the whole process. Therefore, a multi-model soft sensor modeling method under the helptraining strategy is proposed. This method uses a fuzzy C-means (FMC) clustering algorithm to mine similar samples in the sample set and build several sub-models. By introducing the help-training strategy, a collaborative training framework based on main and auxiliary learners is formed, and a confidence evaluation mechanism is designed to eliminate error samples and expand the modeling …

Impacts Of Farrowing Pen Design, Season, And Sow Parity On Litter Performance And Piglet Mortality, Verônica Madeira Pacheco, Tami M. Brown-Bandl, Gary A. Rohrer, Rafael Vieira De Sousa, Luciane Silva Martello

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Piglet mortality during lactation is a significant concern in swine production, influenced by complex interactions involving sow, piglet, environmental, and management factors. While crushing by the sow may be the ultimate cause of piglet mortality, there are many factors influencing the outcome, including parity, thermal stress, and animal housing systems. New farrowing systems are continuously being developed; however, it is difficult for producers to make decisions without any scientific basis. This study aimed to assess the impact of different farrowing pen layouts on piglet performance, considering parity and season. A total of 546 sows and 9123 piglets were monitored across …

Strategy Optimization Method Of Multi-Dimension Projection Based On Deep Reinforcement Learning, Jing An, Guangya Si, Lei Zhang

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Based on the perfect performance of deep reinforcement learning (DRL) in strategy optimization, this paper proposes a strategy optimization method of action taking the multi-dimension projection action as the main research object. The method combines the simulation experiment method with the DRL method. After analyzing the current situation of strategy optimization research, the deep learning framework is selected according to the research problems, and a DRL multi-dimension projection strategy model based on the asynchronous advantage actor-critic (A3C) algorithm is constructed. Through simulation experiments, the interactive learning between the DRL model and the simulation of "out of the loop" is …

A Simulation Method Based On Multi-Source Sensors For Aircraft Type Identification, Shaozhu Gu, Yuxin Ying, Huajie Zhang, Yiqi Tong

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Existing simulation methods for aircraft type identification mainly focus on a single sensor and a single target. They do not consider the joint acquisition of aircraft parameters by various sensor devices such as optoelectronics, radar, and electronic detection in real scenarios, leading to the simple simulation scenarios. This paper proposes a simulation platform based on multi-source sensors. Specifically, the platform includes an infrared image simulator that uses a cycleGAN network to generate infrared images of the aircraft, a flight simulator that adopts the three-degree-of-freedom flight control method to generate the movement trajectory of the aircraft, a radar simulator, that …

Efficient Discovery And Industrialized Manufacture Of Terpenoids, Haoming Chi, Liying Er, Tiangang Liu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Terpenoids, a class of chemical entities with diverse biological activities in nature, demonstrate significant potential for applications in fields such as drug discovery, flavor industry, and agriculture. However, traditional methods face challenges, including inefficiency and high costs, in the discovery and industrialization of terpenoids. The rapid development of synthetic biology, genomics, artificial intelligence, and automation provides new opportunities for efficient terpenoid discovery and industrialization. This study comprehensively analyzes how these technologies synergistically contribute to the discovery, optimization, and large-scale production of terpenoids, and summarizes the current high-yield situations of terpenoids. The aim is to propose innovative strategies to accelerate technological …

Analysis And Reflections On Key Platform Facilities Construction Of Global Biomanufacturing Industry, Xiaoyan Wu, Fang Chen, Yaoying Shan, Anjing Lu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Biomanufacturing, an emerging production method, is becoming a significant trend in global economic development and has garnered widespread international attention. Platform facilities are vital to the biomanufacturing industry’s development, serving as both the foundation for technological innovation and the bridge between research outcomes and practical applications. This study analyzes three key types of platform facilities and their operational mechanisms: technology innovation platforms (exemplified by the U.S. Agile BioFoundry), pilot-scale platforms (represented by European Bio Base Europe Pilot Plant), and industry incubation platforms (illustrated by the UK SynbiCITE). Drawing from these successful examples and examining China’s current platform infrastructure, this paper …

The Santa Clara, 2024-01-19, Santa Clara University

The Santa Clara

No abstract provided.

Fibrin Glue Acutely Blocks Distal Muscle Contraction After Confirmed Polyethylene Glycol Nerve Fusion: An Animal Study., Alec H Fisher, Parker H Johnsen, Andrew Simon, Cameron J Burns, Vineeth Romiyo, Elliot B Bodofsky, Sebastian Vega, David A Fuller

Cooper Medical School of Rowan University Departmental Research

BACKGROUND: Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is a synthetic, biodegradable, and hyperosmotic material promising in the treatment of acute peripheral nerve injuries. Our team set out to investigate the impact of fibrin glue upon PEG fusion in a rat model.

METHODS: Eighteen rats underwent sciatic nerve transection and PEG fusion. Electrophysiologic testing was performed to measure nerve function and distal muscle twitch. Fibrin glue was applied and testing repeated. Due to preliminary findings, fibrin glue was applied to an uncut nerve in five rodents and testing was conducted before and after glue application. Mann-Whitney U tests were used to compare median values …

Implantation Of A Capsular Tension Ring During Cataract Surgery Attenuates Predicted Remodeling Of The Post-Surgical Lens Capsule Along The Visual Axis, Kurt A. Ameku, Caleb C. Berggren, Ryan M. Pedrigi

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

Introduction: Cataract surgery permanently alters the mechanical environment of the lens capsule by placing a hole in the anterior portion and implanting an intraocular lens (IOL) that has a very different geometry from the native lens. We hypothesized that implant configuration and mechanical interactions with the post-surgical lens capsule play a key role in determining long-term fibrotic remodeling.

Methods: We developed the first finite element-growth and remodeling (FE-G&R) model of the post-surgical lens capsule to evaluate how implantation of an IOL with and without a capsular tension ring (CTR) impacted evolving lens capsule mechanics and associated fibrosis over …

Mobilise-D Insights To Estimate Real-World Walking Speed In Multiple Conditions With A Wearable Device, Cameron Kirk, Arne Küderle, M Encarna Micó-Amigo, Tecla Bonci, Anisoara Paraschiv-Ionescu, Martin Ullrich, Abolfazl Soltani, Eran Gazit, Francesca Salis, Lisa Alcock, Kamiar Aminian, Clemens Becker, Stefano Bertuletti, Philip Brown, Ellen Buckley, Alma Cantu, Anne-Elie Carsin, Marco Caruso, Brian Caulfield, Andrea Cereatti, Lorenzo Chiari, Ilaria D'Ascanio, Judith Garcia-Aymerich, Clint Hansen, Jeffrey M Hausdorff, Hugo Hiden, Emily Hume, Alison Keogh, Felix Kluge, Sarah Koch, Walter Maetzler, Dimitrios Megaritis, Arne Mueller, Martijn Niessen, Luca Palmerini, Lars Schwickert, Kirsty Scott, Basil Sharrack, Henrik Sillén, David Singleton, Beatrix Vereijken, Ioannis Vogiatzis, Alison J Yarnall, Lynn Rochester, Claudia Mazzà, Bjoern M Eskofier, Silvia Del Din

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

This study aimed to validate a wearable device's walking speed estimation pipeline, considering complexity, speed, and walking bout duration. The goal was to provide recommendations on the use of wearable devices for real-world mobility analysis. Participants with Parkinson's Disease, Multiple Sclerosis, Proximal Femoral Fracture, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Congestive Heart Failure, and healthy older adults (n = 97) were monitored in the laboratory and the real-world (2.5 h), using a lower back wearable device. Two walking speed estimation pipelines were validated across 4408/1298 (2.5 h/laboratory) detected walking bouts, compared to 4620/1365 bouts detected by a multi-sensor reference system. In the …

Exploring Forward Scattering Mechanisms In Tio2 With Carbon Quantum Dots: Insights Into Photovoltaic Applications, Mona Samir, Zahraa Ismail, Ahmed M. Agour, Hassan Nageh, Sameh O. Abdellatif

Electrical Engineering

No abstract provided.

Research On Orthogonal Test Of Mgo-Fiber Cement Soil′S Deformation Modulus, Hu Qizhi, Yu Yang, Ma Qiang, Zhuang Xinshan

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

Appropriate amounts of MgO and fiber can improve the compressive strength of cement soil. In order to further study the mechanical properties of MGO-fiber cement soil, Minitab software was used to design an orthogonal test method, and sensitivity analysis and influence analysis were carried out. The change rules of deformation modulus of MgO content, fiber content, and fiber length were studied at three different levels. The regression equations of MgO content, fiber content, and fiber length with cement soil deformation modulus were obtained by using Matlab software to process the test data. The sample was tested by scanning electron microscope …

Experimental Study On Performance Of Cast Asphalt Mixture Basedon Dry Modification, Wang Ming, Li Bo, Bao Guangzhi, Hu Deyong

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

Cast asphalt mixture is the most widely used material for the pavement of long-span steel bridge decks, and the special asphalt binder cannot be produced and used in small batches. The wet modification process is obviously not suitable for the production of the cast asphalt mixture during the operation and maintenance period. In this paper, according to the requirements of cast asphalt mixture and its binder, combined with the requirements of the dry modification process, the developed direct injection modifier was employed to conduct the mix design of cast asphalt mixture and tests of the fluidity, penetration and increment, low-temperature …

Solid State Transformers Are Critical For A Smarter, More Efficient Electrical Grid, Jaron Bono

Research on Capitol Hill

Solid State Transformers are power converters that mimic conventional low frequency transformers for alternating current (AC) electric power distribution. Adopting these transformers will allow us to modernize the electrical power infrastructure for a sustainable and resilient energy future. Compared to conventional transformers, they are:

• Lighter and more compact 
• More efficient 
• Easier to repair 
• Protected against overvoltage 
• Easier to produce at large quantities 
• Compatible with smart electric grids 
• Interfaceable with both alternating and direct current distribution systems and devices 

Smart And Efficient Power Converters Are Required For Today’S Electricity Needs, Luke Andersen

Research on Capitol Hill

The electric grid grows in complexity as it integrates various electrical systems:  

• Renewable energy sources 
• Heavy and light-duty electric vehicles (EVs) 
• EV charging systems 
• Data centers  
• Battery systems 

A.I. May Be Able To Measure The Capacity Of Used Electric Vehicle Batteries, Paul Bradford

Research on Capitol Hill

EV batteries reach the end of their useful lifetime in vehicles around 70-80% of initial capacity. However, many of these batteries can still hold large amounts of energy and can be particularly useful for stationary applications.

Assessment Framework For Bim-Digital Twin Readiness In The Construction Industry, Aljawharah A. Alnaser, Ali Hassan Ali, Haytham H. Elmousalami, Ahmed Elyamany, Ahmed Gouda Mohamed

Civil Engineering

No abstract provided.

Assessment Framework For Bim-Digital Twin Readiness In The Construction Industry, Ahmed Gouda Mohamed

Civil Engineering

This study introduces a pioneering structural equation modeling (SEM)-based framework to assess BIM-DT adoption readiness in sustainable construction. The research’s approach delves into the intricate correlation between key success factors (KSFs) and sustainable parameters (SPs), fostering BIM-DT deployment. This interdisciplinary perspective provides a holistic understanding of the impact of KSFs on BIM-DT adoption. The research aims to identify KSFs and parameters, prioritize their relative weights for BIM-DT implementation, analyze KSFs and SPs correlations, and offer practical insights into the findings. The results revealed the importance of sustainability considerations in BIM-DT adoption, with cost optimization and resource management playing pivotal roles. …

Effects Of Organic Surface Contamination On The Mass Accommodation Coefficient Of Water: A Molecular Dynamics Study, Jordan Hartfield, Eric Bird, Zhi Liang

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The mass accommodation coefficient (MAC), a parameter that quantifies the possibility of a phase change to occur at a liquid-vapor interface, can strongly affect the evaporation and condensation rates at a liquid surface. Due to the various challenges in experimental determination of the MAC, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations have been widely used to study the MAC on liquid surfaces with no impurities or contaminations. However, experimental studies show that airborne hydrocarbons from various sources can adsorb on liquid surfaces and alter the liquid surface properties. In this work, therefore, we study the effects of organic surface contamination, which is immiscible …

Iequity: An Augmented Reality Theatre Production, Amy Pan, Kristina Arnold Dr, Alan White, Truth Tran

Posters-at-the-Capitol

Augmented reality is commonly seen being used in game development and design, typically seen through a mobile device such as a phone. However, it has rarely been tested and pushed to its limits in other settings. The main focus of this project was trying to deploy augmented reality in settings that are seen as more traditional. This will be done by taking a play, pre-written and performed by a professor at Western Kentucky University, and building an augmented reality set for the play in the background. The main software that will be used is Unity and Blender. Unity will be …

Securing Edge Computing: A Hierarchical Iot Service Framework, Sajan Poudel, Nishar Miya, Rasib Khan

Posters-at-the-Capitol

Title: Securing Edge Computing: A Hierarchical IoT Service Framework

Authors: Nishar Miya, Sajan Poudel, Faculty Advisor: Rasib Khan, Ph.D.

Department: School of Computing and Analytics, College of Informatics, Northern Kentucky University

Abstract:

Edge computing, a paradigm shift in data processing, faces a critical challenge: ensuring security in a landscape marked by decentralization, distributed nodes, and a myriad of devices. These factors make traditional security measures inadequate, as they cannot effectively address the unique vulnerabilities of edge environments. Our research introduces a hierarchical framework that excels in securing IoT-based edge services against these inherent risks.

Our secure by design approach prioritizes …

Motivations Driving Video Research Podcasts: Impact On Value And Creation Of Research Video Presentations, My Doan, Anh Tran, Na Le

Posters-at-the-Capitol

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to better understand the role and impact of video research podcasts in bridging the gap between academia and the general public, especially concerning the challenges of accessibility and comprehension of scholarly research.

Methods: A 10-question survey was administered to evaluate the effectiveness, utility, and acceptance of video recordings in research presentations. The survey also aimed to gather insights into the motivations, challenges, and benefits of using video podcasts for research dissemination. Results were then analyzed using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model.

Results: There were 102 respondents …

Neutrosophic Statistical Analysis Of Temperatures Of Cities In The Southeastern Anatolia Region Of Turkey, Hacer Şengül Kandemir, Nazlım Deniz Aral, Murat Karakaş, Mikail Et

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

In the paper, neutrosophic statistical analysis of temperature data of different cities in the southeastern Anatolia region of Turkey is given. The neutrosophic mean and neutrosophic coefficient of variation are computed using the temperature data. From the analysis, it is concluded that the temperatures of Mardin and Şanlıurfa cities are more consistent than the other cities in Turkey. In addition, the neutrosophic results are compared with results under classical statistics. Based on the comparative study, it can be concluded that neutrosophic statistical results are more adequate, flexible, and more informative than classical statistics.

Electron Trajectories And Critical Current In A Two-Dimensional Planar Magnetically Insulated Crossed-Field Gap, Xiaojun Zhu, Jack K. Wright, N. R. Sree Harsha, Jim Browning, Allen L. Garner

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

The critical current in a one-dimensional (1D) crossed-field gap is defined by the transition from a cycloidal flow to a near-Brillouin (nB) state characterized by electron flow orthogonal to both the electric and magnetic fields and uniform virtual cathode formation. Motivated by recent studies on space-charge-limited current in non-magnetic diodes, we assess the meaning of critical current in a magentically insulated two-dimensional (2D) planar crossed-field geometry. Particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations demonstrate that binary behavior between a laminar and turbulent state does not occur in 2D because the virtual cathode is nonuniform. Rather than a distinct nB state above the critical current …

Untapped Potential Of Scrap Brass Alloy: A New Frontier In The Use Of Brass-Based Photocathodes For Stable And Durable Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting, Rahma Leil, Mohamed Mahrous Abodouh, Nasir Javed, Sneha Sreekumar, Haydee Pacheco, Nada Tarek, Deirdre M. O’Carroll, Nageh K. Allam

Faculty Journal Articles

Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting is a promising way to produce green hydrogen. However, one of the bottlenecks in realizing scalable green hydrogen production systems is the inability to identify and fabricate earth abundant, stable, and durable photocathodes. The main challenges with the reported photocathodes so far are their instability in aqueous solutions and the use of precious unabundant materials. To this end, the use of scrap materials to fabricate highly stable photocathodes would solve the two main challenges. Herein, scrap brass alloys with different zinc contents were used to fabricate photocathodes for photoelectrochemical green hydrogen production. The scrap brass alloy …

Neutrosophic Statistical Analysis Of Temperatures Of Cities In The Southeastern Anatolia Region Of Turkey, Hacer Şengül Kandemir, Nazlım Deniz Aral, Murat Karakaş, Mikail Et

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

In the paper, neutrosophic statistical analysis of temperature data of different cities in the southeastern Anatolia region of Turkey is given. The neutrosophic mean and neutrosophic coefficient of variation are computed using the temperature data. From the analysis, it is concluded that the temperatures of Mardin and Şanlıurfa cities are more consistent than the other cities in Turkey. In addition, the neutrosophic results are compared with results under classical statistics. Based on the comparative study, it can be concluded that neutrosophic statistical results are more adequate, flexible, and more informative than classical statistics.

Electron Effective Mass In Gan Revisited: New Insights From Terahertz And Mid-Infrared Optical Hall Effect, Nerijus Armakavicius, Sean Knight, Philipp Kühne, Vallery Stanishev, Dat Q. Tran, Steffen Richter, Alexis Papamichail, Megan Stokey, Preston Sorensen, Ufuk Kilic, Mathias Schubert, Plamen P. Paskov, Vanya Darakchieva

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

Electron effective mass is a fundamental material parameter defining the free charge carrier transport properties, but it is very challenging to be experimentally determined at high temperatures relevant to device operation. In this work, we obtain the electron effective mass parameters in a Si-doped GaN bulk substrate and epitaxial layers from terahertz (THz) and mid-infrared (MIR) optical Hall effect (OHE) measurements in the temperature range of 38–340 K. The OHE data are analyzed using the well-accepted Drude model to account for the free charge carrier contributions. A strong temperature dependence of the electron effective mass parameter in both bulk and …

Machine Learning Algorithms In Photovoltaics: Evaluating Accuracy And Computational Cost Across Datasets Of Different Generations, Sizes, And Complexities, Omar Elsaban, Muath Alkadi, Saif Qaid, Abdullah Ahmed, Sameh O. Abdellatif

Electrical Engineering

This paper evaluates the compatibility of five different machine learning (ML) algorithms for analyzing datasets extracted from solar cell devices. The selected ML algorithms span a range of complexity, from linear regression and polynomial regression models to random forest (RF), neural network, and a hybrid version of the latter two. The algorithms underwent testing with and without hyperparameter optimization to tune the model parameters. The study investigated the expected increased computational cost resulting from hyperparameter optimization, with improved ML accuracy. Additionally, five distinct datasets were utilized to measure the performance of the ML models across different dataset characteristics, including dataset …

Aerospace Vehicle Navigation And Control System Comprising Terrestrial Illumination Matching Module For Determining Aerospace Vehicle Position And Attitude, Liberty M. Shockley, Robert A. Bettinger

AFIT Patents

The present invention relates to an aerospace vehicle navigation and control system comprising a terrestrial illumination matching module for determining spacecraft position and attitude. The method permits aerospace vehicle position and attitude determinations using terrestrial lights using an Earth-pointing camera without the need of a dedicated sensor to track stars, the sun, or the horizon. Thus, a module for making such determinations can easily and inexpensively be made onboard an aerospace vehicle if an Earth-pointing sensor, such as a camera, is present.