Engineering Commons^™

Exploring 2d X-Ray Diffraction Phase Fraction Analysis With Convolutional Neural Networks: Insights From Kinematic-Diffraction Simulations, Weiqi Yue, Mohommad Redad Mehdi, Pawan K. Tripathi, Matthew A. Willard, Frank Ernst, Roger H. French

Faculty Scholarship

Deep-learning models are effective for analyzing the complex information in 2D X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns. Accurately collecting parameters of the material sample is crucial during model training, significantly impacting model performance. In this study, we employ a kinematic-diffraction simulator to generate simulated 2D XRD patterns for Ti–6Al–4V alloy, allowing precise control of sample parameters. These simulated patterns are used to train convolutional neural networks, predicting β-phase volume fractions. The training data set consists exclusively of 2D XRD patterns with pure α- or pure β-phase, while the testing set incorporates patterns with intermediate phase volume fraction. In particular, we investigate how …

Rehabilitation Of Existing University Buildings To Reduce Energy Consumption Through The Application Of Sustainable Design Standards (Case Study Of The Building Of The Modern Academy Of Engineering), Mohamed Mahmoud Hassan

Mansoura Engineering Journal

The research paper deals with the role of architects in finding solutions to the global energy problem, especially since the buildings sector, which consumes about 40% of the energy globally due to the design of buildings in a way that increases the building's energy needs by relying heavily on mechanical systems for heating and cooling and relying on industrial lighting completely During daylight hours, perhaps one of the most important energy-consuming buildings is the educational building. Therefore, the paper deals with the absence of a clear understanding among some architects of the need to move towards designing educational buildings in …

Me-Em Enewsbrief, Mar 2024, Department Of Mechanical Engineering-Engineering Mechanics, Michigan Technological University

Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering eNewsBrief

No abstract provided.

Kinetic Studies Of Liquid Phase Hydrogenation Of Acetylene For Ethylene Production Using A Selective Solvent Over A Commercial Palladium/Alumina Catalyst, Humayun Shariff, Muthanna H. Al-Dahhan

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The Kinetics of Selective Hydrogenation of Acetylene in the Liquid Phase over a Commercial 0.5 Wt % Pd/Al2O3 Spherical Catalyst Was Investigated in a Stirred-Tank Basket Reactor. the Liquid Phase Was Acetylene Gas Absorbed in a Selective Solvent, N-Methylpyrrolidone (NMP). the Reactor Was Operated at a Pressure Range of 15-250 Psig with Temperature Varying from 60 to 100 °C using Different Catalyst Loadings to Identify the Suitable Operating Conditions. the Kinetic Experiments Were Conducted in the Absence of External Mass Transfer Resistances with the Liquid Phase in Batch Mode and the Gas Phase Being Continuous. the Initial Rates Varied Linearly …

Recent Progress And Perspectives Of Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carrier Electrochemistry For Energy Applications, Jinyao Tang, Rongxuan Xie, Parsa Pishva, Xiaochen Shen, Yanlin Zhu, Zhenmeng Peng

Faculty Publications

Amidst the global pursuit of clean and sustainable energy, the transition towards a hydrogen economy holds immense promise, yet is encumbered by significant storage challenges. Liquid organic hydrogen carrier (LOHC) electrochemistry emerges as a promising solution to enable efficient and sustainable hydrogen storage, meanwhile broadening the horizons of LOHCs for use as clean, renewable, and intense energy carriers to store and generate electricity. In this perspective, we embark on a review of recent trends and progress in LOHC redox electrochemistry, properties, and applications. We categorize electrochemically active, regenerable LOHCs into alcohols, amines, aromatic compounds, aminoxyl species, and others, based on …

Pet And Polyolefin Plastics Supply Chains In Michigan: Present And Future Systems Analysis Of Environmental And Socio-Economic Impacts, Utkarsh S. Chaudhari, Kamand Sedaghatnia, Barbara K. Reck, Kate Maguire, Anne T. Johnson, David Watkins, Robert M. Handler, Tasmin Hossain, Damon S. Hartley, Vicki S. Thompson, Alejandra Peralta, Jenny L. Apriesnig, David Shonnard

Michigan Tech Publications

Many actions are underway at global, national, and local levels to increase plastics circularity. However, studies evaluating the environmental and socio-economic impacts of such a transition are lacking at regional levels in the United States. In this work, the existing polyethylene terephthalate and polyolefin plastics supply chains in Michigan were compared to a potential future (‘NextCycle’) scenario that looks at increasing Michigan’s overall recycling rate to 45%. Material flow analysis data was combined with environmental and socio-economic metrics to evaluate the sustainability of these supply chains for the modeled scenarios. Overall, the NextCycle scenario for these supply chains achieved a …

Effects Of Rf Signal Eventization Encoding On Device Classification Performance, Michael J. Smith, Michael A. Temple, James W. Dean

Faculty Publications

The results of first-step research activity are presented for realizing an envisioned “event radio” capability that mimics neuromorphic event-based camera processing. The energy efficiency of neuromorphic processing is orders of magnitude higher than traditional von Neumann-based processing and is realized through synergistic design of brain-inspired software and hardware computing elements. Relative to event-based cameras, the development of event-based hardware devices supporting Radio Frequency (RF) applications is severely lagging and considerable interest remains in obtaining neuromorphic efficiency through event-based RF signal processing. In the Operational Technology (OT) protection arena, this includes efficient software computing capability to provide reliable device classification. A …

Design And Development Of Contactless Capacitive Coupled Electrodes For Cardiovascular Signal Acquisition, Ramya Lakshmi Vs

Theses and Dissertations

In biosignal acquisition and physiological monitoring, developing advanced electrode technologies is crucial in enhancing signal quality, minimizing interference, and improving overall reliability. One such innovative approach is the utilization of capacitive-coupled electrodes, a cutting-edge solution that addresses some of the challenges associated with traditional electrodes in biosignal recording.

Capacitive-based sensors have become prominent in physiological signal measurement over the past decade. The electric field from the external affects both the human body and the electrode. The primary aim while designing the capacitive electrode is to maximize the signal-to-noise ratio. Hence, we introduce shielding and guarding techniques to improve the signal-to-noise …

Optimal Planning And Design Of Operations And Maintenance Systems For Offshore Wind Farms, Md Imran Hasan Tusar

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Feasible and sustainable sources of power are a critical issue nowadays. Offshore wind farms (OWF) can be a solution to power generation problems, but it is relatively more expensive— their installation cost is more than twice of their comparable size onshore counterparts. The cost that matters most is the operations and maintenance (O&M) cost. Expensive and sophisticated transfer vehicles and highly skilled technicians are needed to conduct O&M activities, resulting in a remarkably higher O&M cost for an offshore wind farm project. Offshore wind turbines can capture more wind than onshore turbines because of their larger structure and location in …

A Distributed And Hybrid Ai-Based Security Framework For 5g Real-Time Applications, Ali Ghubaish

McKelvey School of Engineering Graduate Student Theses & Dissertations

This dissertation develops a multifaceted security framework tailored for 5G-enabled real-time Internet of medical things (IoMT) systems to significantly enhance the security infrastructure within healthcare environments. The framework pivots around three core technological advancements: the development of the Light feature Engineering based on the Mean Decrease in Accuracy (LEMDA), the construction of a 5G testbed that serves as a distributed intrusion detection system (IDS), and the implementation of a hybrid deep reinforcement learning (HDRL) method. LEMDA represents a breakthrough in data processing for IoMT systems. By intelligently reducing data complexity, LEMDA enhances the speed and accuracy of threat detection mechanisms, …

Robust Ai-Driven Segmentation Of Glioblastoma T1c And Flair Mri Series And The Low Variability Of The Mrimath© Smart Manual Contouring Platform, Yassine Barhoumi, Abdul Hamid Fattah, Nidhal Carla Bouaynaya, Fanny Moron, Jinsuh Kim, Hassan M. Fathallah-Shaykh, Rouba A. Chahine, Houman Sotoudeh

Henry M. Rowan College of Engineering Departmental Research

Patients diagnosed with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) continue to face a dire prognosis. Developing accurate and efficient contouring methods is crucial, as they can significantly advance both clinical practice and research. This study evaluates the AI models developed by MRIMath© for GBM T1c and fluid attenuation inversion recovery (FLAIR) images by comparing their contours to those of three neuro-radiologists using a smart manual contouring platform. The mean overall Sørensen–Dice Similarity Coefficient metric score (DSC) for the post-contrast T1 (T1c) AI was 95%, with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 93% to 96%, closely aligning with the radiologists’ scores. For true positive …

Distributed Conflict Detection And Optimal 4d Trajectory Resolution Leveraging Polynomial Based Methods, Michael Klinefelter, Austin Stone, Joshua Miller, Cameron K. Peterson, John Salmon

Student Works

This paper presents a methodology for distributed conflict detection and resolution of aircraft following time-dependent flight paths. We use parametric fifth-order polynomial splines to define the full, time-based paths of vehicles. This representation can be exploited to rapidly detect conflicts and calculate optimal resolution solutions that minimize deviations from the original path. Conflicts are identified using a Sturm sequencing procedure and resolutions are found using gradient-based optimization techniques. Simulations show the locally optimal resolution of complex multi-vehicle conflicts and large-scale scenarios. Also, a method of fitting the flight path model to data sets is presented and flight path trajectories are …

A Rechargeable Metal-Co2 Battery Using Lower-Cost Materials, Chris Fetrow

Nanoscience and Microsystems ETDs

High energy density, low-cost chemical conversion batteries are widely studied for their potential application to applications in which current battery technologies are unsuitable replacements for fossil fuel-powered systems. The demonstration of rechargeable chemical conversion batteries, and particularly batteries without the fatal flaw of high overpotential due to the difficulties inherent to chemical conversion reactions, is of great interest to further both this aim. In this work, a secondary Al-CO2 battery was demonstrated using a homogeneous aluminum iodide redox mediator to enable the battery’s discharge and charge at a high energy density and a low overpotential of 0.05 Volts. The operation …

Coordination Of Srf-Pll And Grid Forming Inverter Control In Microgrid With Solar Pv And Energy Storage, V. Vignesh Babu, J. Preetha Roselyn, Prabha Sundaravadivel

Electrical Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Recently, there has been a huge advancement in renewable energy integration in power systems. Power converters with grid-forming or grid-following topologies are typically employed to link these decentralized power sources to the grid. However, because distributed generation has less inertia than synchronous generators, their use of renewable energy sources threatens the electrical grid's reliability. Suitable control approaches for ensuring frequency and voltage stability in the grid-connected form of operation are established in this study, which offers dynamic, seamless power switching in the islanded mode of operation. In this research, effective Phase Locked Loop (PLL) techniques for grid-forming (GFM) and grid-following …

Recent Progress And Perspectives Of Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carrier Electrochemistry For Energy Applications, Jinyao Tang, Rongxuan Xie, Parsa Pishva, Xiaochen Shen, Yanlin Zhu, Zhenmeng Peng

Faculty Publications

Amidst the global pursuit of clean and sustainable energy, the transition towards a hydrogen economy holds immense promise, yet is encumbered by significant storage challenges. Liquid organic hydrogen carrier (LOHC) electrochemistry emerges as a promising solution to enable efficient and sustainable hydrogen storage, meanwhile broadening the horizons of LOHCs for use as clean, renewable, and intense energy carriers to store and generate electricity. In this perspective, we embark on a review of recent trends and progress in LOHC redox electrochemistry, properties, and applications. We categorize electrochemically active, regenerable LOHCs into alcohols, amines, aromatic compounds, aminoxyl species, and others, based on …

A Deep Learning Framework For Blockage Mitigation In Mmwave Wireless, Ahmed Hazaa Almutairi

Dissertations and Theses

Millimeter-Wave (mmWave) communication is a key technology to enable next generation wireless systems. However, mmWave systems are highly susceptible to blockages, which can lead to a substantial decrease in signal strength at the receiver. Identifying blockages and mitigating them is thus a key challenge to achieve next generation wireless technology goals, such as enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) and Ultra-Reliable and Low-Latency Communication (URLLC). This thesis proposes several deep learning (DL) frameworks for mmWave wireless blockage detection, mitigation, and duration prediction. First, we propose a DL framework to address the problem of identifying whether the mmWave wireless channel between two devices …

Prediction Of Defects In Deep Drawn Rectangular Parts Using Finite Element Analysis (Fea) And Response Surface Methodology (Rsm), Mustafa M. Semman Eng., Mostafa Shazly, Mohamed H. Gadallah, Tamer Adel Mohamed, Abdallah S. Wifi

Mechanical Engineering

Abstract. Deep drawing defects such as thinning and earing present challenges to sheet metal forming industry while designers tend to favour the usage of new materials and production processes. The present work introduces an integrated approach using Design of Experiment, FEA experimentation and RSM to study the effect of deep drawing process parameters and resulting defects associated with sheet metal forming processes such as thinning and earing particularly in deep drawing of non-circular parts. The Design of Experiment (DoE) is used to generate a series of experiments for different process parameters in deep drawn rectangular products which are then simulated …

The 2019 Raikoke Eruption As A Testbed Used By The Volcano Response Group For Rapid Assessment Of Volcanic Atmospheric Impacts, Jean Paul Vernier, Thomas J. Aubry, Claudia Timmreck, Anja Schmidt, Lieven Clarisse, Fred Prata, Nicolas Theys, Andrew T. Prata, Graham Mann, Hyundeok Choi, Simon Carn, Richard Rigby, Susan C. Loughlin, John A. Stevenson

Michigan Tech Publications

The 21 June 2019 Raikoke eruption (48°N, 153°E) generated one of the largest amounts of sulfur emission to the stratosphere since the 1991 Mt. Pinatubo eruption. Satellite measurements indicate a consensus best estimate of 1.5Tg for the sulfur dioxide (SO2) injected at an altitude of around 14-15km. The peak Northern Hemisphere (NH) mean 525gnm stratospheric aerosol optical depth (SAOD) increased to 0.025, a factor of 3 higher than background levels. The Volcano Response (VolRes) initiative provided a platform for the community to share information about this eruption which significantly enhanced coordination efforts in the days after the eruption. A multi-platform …

Analysis Of Inequality In Household Internet Utilization And Policy Implications, Shanisara Chamwong, Thoedsak Chomtohsuwan, Narissara Charoenphandhu

Journal of Demography

This research investigates the pervasive inequality in household internet access and use that contributes to the digital divide. As the internet becomes an integral part of daily life, variations in access and use carry significant implications for social and economic opportunities. A quantitative approach is applied, analyzing data from The National Statistical Office of Thailand to capture a comprehensive understanding of inequality in household internet access and use, as measured by the Gini coefficient. Five aspects of internet access and use are considered as the determinants of inequality, including internet connectivity, internet affordability, internet quality, device availability, and flexibility and …

Deep Clustering Of Tabular Data By Weighted Gaussian Distribution Learning, Shourav B. Rabbani, Ivan V. Medri, Manar D. Samad

Computer Science Faculty Research

Deep learning methods are primarily proposed for supervised learning of images or text with limited applications to clustering problems. In contrast, tabular data with heterogeneous features pose unique challenges in representation learning, where deep learning has yet to replace traditional machine learning. This paper addresses these challenges in developing one of the first deep clustering methods for tabular data: Gaussian Cluster Embedding in Autoencoder Latent Space (G-CEALS). G-CEALS is an unsupervised deep clustering framework for learning the parameters of multivariate Gaussian cluster distributions by iteratively updating individual cluster weights. The G-CEALS method presents average rank orderings of 2.9(1.7) and 2.8(1.7) …

Infrared Phase-Change Chiral Metasurfaces With Tunable Circular Dichroism, Haotian Tang, Liliana Stan, David A. Czaplewski, Xiaodong Yang, Jie Gao

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Integrating Phase-Change Materials in Meta surfaces Has Emerged as a Powerful Strategy to Realize Optical Devices with Tunable Electromagnetic Responses. Here, Phase-Change Chiral Meta surfaces based on GST-225 Material with the Designed Trapezoid-Shaped Resonators Are Demonstrated to Achieve Tunable Circular Dichroism (CD) Responses in the Infrared Regime. the Asymmetric Trapezoid-Shaped Resonators Are Designed to Support Two Chiral Plasmonic Resonances with OppositeCDresponses for Realizing SwitchableCDbetween Negative and Positive Values using the GST Phase Change from Amorphous to Crystalline. the Electromagnetic Field Distributions of the Chiral Plasmonic Resonant Modes Are Analyzed to Understand the Chiroptical Responses of the Meta surface. Furthermore, the …

A Multi-Material Platform For Imaging Of Single Cell-Cell Junctions Under Tensile Load Fabricated With Two-Photon Polymerization, Jordan Rosenbohm, Grayson Minnick, Bahareh Tajvidi Safa, Amir M. Esfahani, Xiaowei Jin, Haiwei Zhai, Nickolay V. Lavrik, Ruiguo Yang

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

We previously reported a single-cell adhesion micro tensile tester (SCAμTT) fabricated from IP-S photoresin with two-photon polymerization (TPP) for investigating the mechanics of a single cell-cell junction under defined tensile loading. A major limitation of the platform is the autofluorescence of IP-S, the photoresin for TPP fabrication, which significantly increases background signal and makes fluorescent imaging of stretched cells difficult. In this study, we report the design and fabrication of a new SCAμTT platform that mitigates autofluorescence and demonstrate its capability in imaging a single cell pair as its mutual junction is stretched. By employing a two-material design using IP-S …

Assessing The Benefits Of Electrification For The Mackinac Island Ferry From An Environmental And Economic Perspective, Siddharth Gopujkar, Jeremy Worm

Michigan Tech Publications

Ferry electrification has gained attention in the last decade as a potential path to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. This study, conducted by APS LABS at Michigan Technological University for the Mackinac Economic Alliance (MEA) and funded by the Michigan Economic Development Corporation (MEDC), looked at the feasibility and potential benefits of electrification of a particular vessel that is part of a ferry service from Mackinaw City, Michigan, USA, to Mackinac Island, Michigan, USA. The study included a comprehensive analysis of the feasibility of retrofitting the current configuration of the ferry into an all-electric ferry based on the availability of components …

Unveiling Anomalies: A Survey On Xai-Based Anomaly Detection For Iot, Esin Eren, Feyza Yildirim Okay, Suat Özdemi̇r

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

In recent years, the rapid growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) has raised concerns about the security and reliability of IoT systems. Anomaly detection is vital for recognizing potential risks and ensuring the optimal functionality of IoT networks. However, traditional anomaly detection methods often lack transparency and interpretability, hindering the understanding of their decisions. As a solution, Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) techniques have emerged to provide human-understandable explanations for the decisions made by anomaly detection models. In this study, we present a comprehensive survey of XAI-based anomaly detection methods for IoT. We review and analyze various XAI techniques, including …

Text-To-Sql: A Methodical Review Of Challenges And Models, Ali Buğra Kanburoğlu, Faik Boray Tek

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

This survey focuses on Text-to-SQL, automated translation of natural language queries into SQL queries. Initially, we describe the problem and its main challenges. Then, by following the PRISMA systematic review methodology, we survey the existing Text-to-SQL review papers in the literature. We apply the same method to extract proposed Text-to-SQL models and classify them with respect to used evaluation metrics and benchmarks. We highlight the accuracies achieved by various models on Text-to-SQL datasets and discuss execution-guided evaluation strategies. We present insights into model training times and implementations of different models. We also explore the availability of Text-to-SQL datasets in non-English …

Security Fusion Method Of Physical Fitness Training Data Based On The Internet Of Things, Bin Zhou

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Physical fitness training, an important way to improve physical fitness, is the basic guarantee for forming combat effectiveness. At present, the evaluation types of physical fitness training are mostly conducted manually. It has problems such as low efficiency, high consumption of human and material resources, and subjective factors affecting the evaluation results. ”Internet+” has greatly expanded the traditional network from the perspective of technological convergence and network coverage objects. It has expedited and promoted the rapid development of Internet of Things (IoT) technology and its applications. The IoT with many sensor nodes shows the characteristics of acquisition information redundancy, node …

Dpafy-Gcaps: Denoising Patch-And-Amplify Gabor Capsule Network For The Recognition Of Gastrointestinal Diseases, Henrietta Adjei Pokuaa, Adeboya Felix Adekoya, Benjamin Asubam Weyori, Owusu Nyarko-Boateng

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Deep learning (DL) models have performed tremendously well in image classification. This good performance can be attributed to the availability of massive data in most domains. However, some domains are known to have few datasets, especially the health sector. This makes it difficult to develop domain-specific high-performing DL algorithms for these fields. The field of health is critical and requires accurate detection of diseases. In the United States Gastrointestinal diseases are prevalent and affect 60 to 70 million people. Ulcerative colitis, polyps, and esophagitis are some gastrointestinal diseases. Colorectal polyps is the third most diagnosed malignancy in the world. This …

Joint Control Of A Flying Robot And A Ground Vehicle Using Leader-Follower Paradigm, Ayşen Süheyla Bağbaşi, Ali Emre Turgut, Kutluk Bilge Arikan

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

In this study, a novel control framework for the collaboration of an aerial robot and a ground vehicle that is connected via a taut tether is proposed. The framework is based on a leader-follower paradigm. The leader follows a desired trajectory while the motion of the follower is controlled by an admittance controller using an extended state observer to estimate the tether force. Additionally, a velocity estimator is also incorporated to accurately assess the leader’s velocity. An essential feature of our system is its adaptability, enabling role switching between the robots when needed. Furthermore, the synchronization performance of the robots …

Stereo-Image-Based Ground-Line Prediction And Obstacle Detection, Emre Güngör, Ahmet Özmen

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

In recent years, vision systems have become essential in the development of advanced driver assistance systems or autonomous vehicles. Although deep learning methods have been the center of focus in recent years to develop fast and reliable obstacle detection solutions, they face difficulties in complex and unknown environments where objects of varying types and shapes are present. In this study, a novel non-AI approach is presented for finding the ground-line and detecting the obstacles in roads using v-disparity data. The main motivation behind the study is that the ground-line estimation errors cause greater deviations at the output. Hence, a novel …

Experimental Investigation On Downstream Characteristics Of S809 Airfoil With And Without Passive Flow Control Device, Mano S

Theses and Dissertations

The wake behaviour of extended flat plate (EFP) and serration in the trailing edge of S809 airfoil is presented in this experimental study using wind tunnel testing for several freestream turbulence intensities (TI). The clustering wind turbines in wind parks has recently been an important problem, as it involves determining the number of wind turbines to be installed to increase the power output.

The downstream wake characteristics are one of the most significantparameter that influence the performance of subsequent wind turbines.These wind turbine blades are made up of airfoil cross sections and need to be studied in detail. A series …