Engineering Commons^™

Principles And Categorization Of Compliant Surrogate Folds For Deployable Origami-Inspired Mechanical Systems, Ivyann O. Running, Phebe Ramsdell, Spencer Magleby

Utah Space Grant Consortium

Origami principles, patterns, and thickness accommodation techniques have been explored and tested for engineering applications in many fields. Two of the main difficulties of transferring a design from folded paper to thicker, stiffer materials are accommodating thickness and replicating folding motion with surrogate folds. While literature reviews exist for thickness accommodation, it is difficult for a designer to survey and assess work that has been on the subject of surrogate folds. Currently, many engineering origami instances limit themselves to using pin hinges, adjusting all other design parameters to accommodate pure revolute motion. The possibilities for origami design and application are …

Venturi Adapters – Feedback Control And Dynamic Modeling Simulation, Trey Blackwell, Joseph Orr

Utah Space Grant Consortium

Administration of CPAP in moderate sedation medical procedures has been shown to reduce the risk of oxygen desaturation. Venturi adapters provide a more cost-efficient and logistically feasible alternative to non-invasive ventilators for administering CPAP. Flow-to-pressure tables provided with commercially available CPAP Venturi adapters do not account for inherent variables such as mask leak flow and inhalation flow rate. A dynamic model was developed to describe the pressure and oxygen behavior of a CPAP system utilizing a Venturi adapter. The model was evaluated to reflect system behavior with reasonable accuracy but high computational expense. PID and sliding mode controllers were implemented …

Multiple And Consecutive Genome Editing Using I-Gonad And Breeding Enrichment Facilitates The Production Of Genetically Modified Mice, Carolina R Melo-Silva, Cory J Knudson, Lingjuan Tang, Samita Kafle, Lauren E. Springer, Jihae Choi, Christopher M. Snyder, Yajing Wang, Sangwon V. Kim, Luis J. Sigal

Department of Microbiology and Immunology Faculty Papers

Genetically modified (GM) mice are essential tools in biomedical research. Traditional methods for generating GM mice are expensive and require specialized personnel and equipment. The use of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) coupled with improved-Genome editing via Oviductal Nucleic Acids Delivery (i-GONAD) has highly increased the feasibility of producing GM mice in research laboratories. However, genetic modification in inbred mouse strains of interest such as C57BL/6 (B6) is still challenging because of their low fertility and embryo fragility. We have successfully generated multiple novel GM mouse strains in the B6 background while attempting to optimize i-GONAD. We found …

Atmospheric Carbon Capture: A Review On Current Technologies And Analysis Of Energy Consumption For Various Direct Air Capture (Dac) Systems, Jennifer Perskin

Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses

Carbon dioxide (CO₂) capture is a crucial approach to reducing greenhouse gases in the atmosphere to directly combat climate change. Major components of the technology to desublimate CO₂ at cryogenic temperatures are mature and have the potential to be applied to build large Arctic/Antarctic direct-air CO₂ capture plants. Pressure swing adsorption another gas separation technique used in industry today that can be modified for atmospheric carbon capture. The discussion of energy consumption for cryogenic and combined direct air capture systems is explored in this study. The investigation of precompression of atmospheric air for a direct-air capture …

Deep Learning Of Semantic Image Labels On Hdr Imagery In A Maritime Environment, Charles Montagnoli

Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses

Situational awareness in the maritime environment can be extremely challenging. The maritime environment is highly dynamic and largely undefined, requiring the perception of many potential hazards in the shared maritime environment. One particular challenge is the effect of direct-sunlight exposure and specular reflection causing degradation of camera reliability. It is for this reason then, in this work, the use of High-Dynamic Range imagery for deep learning of semantic image labels is studied in a littoral environment. This study theorizes that the use HDR imagery may be extremely beneficial for the purpose of situational awareness in maritime environments due to the …

Online Estimation Of Unknown Parameters For Flexible Spacecraft, Nicolo Woodward

Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses

Attitude controls methods of highly flexible spacecraft have seen increased interest over the last decades thanks to the technological development of flexible solar panels and deploy-ables, which improves the capabilities of small satellites. However, a high-fidelity model of the flexible mode dynamics is hard to obtain in on-ground testing because not all modes of frequencies can be observed, complicating the controller design. Furthermore, plastic deformations due to long periods of storage of stowed flexible components could result in exciting frequencies outside of the designed controller’s bandwidth, leading to an uncontrollable system. This thesis proposes a method to develop a high-fidelity …

Thermal Atomization Of Impinging Drops On Superheated Superhydrophobic Surfaces, Eric Lee

Theses and Dissertations

Drop impact on a surface has an effect on nearly every industry and this impact may have adverse effects if not controlled. Superhydrophobic (SH) surfaces have been created with the extreme ability to repel water. These surfaces exist in nature but may also be fabricated using modern techniques. This thesis explores heat transfer from these SH surfaces to drops impacting them. This thesis is devoted to increasing the breadth of knowledge of thermal atomization during drop impingement on superheated SH surfaces. When a water drop impinges vertically on a horizontal superheated surface, intense atomization can occur. The atomization is caused …

Approximate And Sample Entropy Of Center Of Pressure In Unperturbed Tandem Standing: Contribution Of Embedding Dimension And Tolerance, Jayla Mashae Wesley

Masters Theses

Approximate entropy (ApEn) and sample entropy (SampEn) are statistical methods designed to quantify the regularity or predictability of a time series. Although ApEn has been a prominent choice for use, it is currently unclear as to which method and parameter selection combination is optimal for its application in biomechanics. The goal of this thesis was to examine the difference between ApEn and SampEn related to center of pressure (COP) data during standing balance tasks, while also refining tolerance r, to determine entropy optimization. Six participants completed five 30-second, feet together and tandem standing, trials under eyes-open and eyes-closed conditions. Ground …

An Online Adaptive Machine Learning Framework For Autonomous Fault Detection, Nolan Coulter

Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses

The increasing complexity and autonomy of modern systems, particularly in the aerospace industry, demand robust and adaptive fault detection and health management solutions. The development of a data-driven fault detection system that can adapt to varying conditions and system changes is critical to the performance, safety, and reliability of these systems. This dissertation presents a novel fault detection approach based on the integration of the artificial immune system (AIS) paradigm and Online Support Vector Machines (OSVM). Together, these algorithms create the Artificial Immune System augemented Online Support Vector Machine (AISOSVM).

The AISOSVM framework combines the strengths of the AIS and …

Theory, Simulation, And Experiments On A Magnetically Insulated Transmission Line Terminated By A Bremsstrahlung Diode, Troy Clay Powell

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

Foundational concepts necessary for power flow analysis of a self-magnetically insulated transmission line (MITL) are introduced in theoretical form and several developments to the theory are described. These include cold-cathode electron emission physics, self-magnetic insulation physics, self-limited MITL current, and relativistic secondary ion production from anode surfaces. Modeling these physics is performed using EMPIRE, an electromagnetic particle-in-cell code.

Self-limited MITL current theory described numerically by Pointon is developed here in analytic form and is then used to drive simulations to compare to experiments that were performed in EMPIRE. Carefully calibrated current sensors from HERMES-III experiments show good agreement with EMPIRE …

Review: Inelastic Constitutive Modeling: Polycrystalline Materials, Mirza Baig, Josiah Owusu-Danquah, Anne A. Campbell, Stephen F. Duffy Phd, Pe

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications

This article provides a literature review that details the development of inelastic constitutive modeling as it relates to polycrystalline materials. This review distinguishes between inelastic constitutive models that account for nonlinear behavior at the microstructural level, time-independent classic plasticity models, and time-dependent unified models. Particular emphasis is placed on understanding the underlying theoretical framework for unified viscoplasticity models where creep and classical plasticity behavior are considered the result of applied boundary conditions instead of separable rates representing distinct physical mechanisms. This article establishes a clear understanding of the advantages of the unified approach to improve material modeling. This review also …

Blockchain Security: Double-Spending Attack And Prevention, William Henry Scott Iii

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This thesis shows that distributed consensus systems based on proof of work are vulnerable to hashrate-based double-spending attacks due to abuse of majority rule. Through building a private fork of Litecoin and executing a double-spending attack this thesis examines the mechanics and principles behind the attack. This thesis also conducts a survey of preventative measures used to deter double-spending attacks, concluding that a decentralized peer-to-peer network using proof of work is best protected by the addition of an observer system whether internal or external.

Routing Battery-Constrained Delivery Drones In A Depot Network: A Business Model And Its Optimization-Simulation Assessment, Yanchao Liu

Industrial and Systems Engineering Faculty Research Publications

This paper proposes a novel business model for on-demand package shipment services using drones, and evaluates different modeling and solution approaches for the drone routing problem that underpins the service operation. In the proposed service, customers’ shipment orders of arbitrary origins and destinations, payload weights and bid values are collected every five minutes, and available drones from multiple depots are then dispatched to fulfill a subset of these orders in a way to maximize profit. A drone path starts from a depot, serves one or more customer orders in sequence, and ends at a depot for battery recharging, which incurs …

An Investigation On The Resilience Of Long Short-Term Memory Deep Neural Networks, Christopher Vasquez

LSU Master's Theses

In a world of continuously advancing technology, the reliance on these technologies continues to increase. Recently, transformer networks [22] have been implemented through various projects such as ChatGPT. These networks are extremely computationally demanding and require cutting-edge hardware to explore. However, with the growing increase and popularity of these neural networks, a question of reliability and resilience comes about, especially as the dependency and research on these networks grow. Given the computational demand of transformer networks, we investigate the resilience of the weights and biases of the predecessor of these networks, i.e. the Long Short-Term (LSTM) neural network, through four …

Growth Plate Cartilage: Understanding The Contribution Of Adhesion To Column Formation And Matrix Structure, Sydney E. Greer

Theses & Dissertations

Throughout fetal and adolescent development, bone growth is regulated by fine-tuned and controlled maturation of chondrocytes through a cartilaginous template called the growth plate. Bone growth rate is controlled through cell enlargement and extracellular matrix deposition, while the polarized arrangement of proliferative chondrocytes into columns aligned with the long axis of the bone potentiate growth. Chondrocytes are surrounded by a complex three-dimensional arrangement of matrix molecules, all of which are secreted by chondrocytes and assembled/remodeled to support the biological functions of the cell. Adhesion receptors found on the cell membrane of chondrocytes are crucial to the organization of matrix proteins …

Is Realt Reality? Investigating The Use Of Blockchain Technology And Tokenization In Real Estate Transactions, Caroline Moriarty

Minnesota Journal of Law, Science & Technology

No abstract provided.

Multiscale Damage Modelling Of Notched And Un-Notched 3d Woven Composites With Randomly Distributed Manufacturing Defects, S.Z.H. Shah, Juhyeong Lee, P.S.M. Megat-Yusoff, Syed Zahid Hussain, T. Sharif, R.S. Choudhry

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Publications

This work proposes a stochastic multiscale computational framework for damage modelling in 3D woven composite laminates, by considering the random distribution of manufacturing-induced imperfections. The proposed method is demonstrated to be accurate, while being simple to implement and requiring modest computational resources. In this approach, a limited number of cross-sectional views obtained from micro-computed tomography (µCT) are used to obtain the stochastic distribution of two key manufacturing-induced defects, namely waviness and voids. This distribution is fed into a multiscale progressive damage model to predict the damage response of three-dimensional (3D) orthogonal woven composites. The accuracy of the proposed model was …

To Hear Or Not To Hear: How “Best Interest” Determinations Can Help In The Cochlear Implant Debate, Tessa Wright

Minnesota Journal of Law, Science & Technology

No abstract provided.

Framework For Applicability Of Fidic Red Book (1999) For Contracts Governed By Law No. 182 Of The Year 2018 For Regulating Contracts Concluded By Public Entities, Fredy Ayad

Theses and Dissertations

An administrative contract is a type of contract that the administrative body enters in order to achieve a public interest. In Egypt, administrative contracts are governed by Law No. 182 of the year 2018 for Regulating Contracts concluded by Public Entities, which has been promulgated in October 2018. This Law includes several mandatory rules, which will govern over any conditions in the construction contract.

The FIDIC Red Book 1999 is widely used in Egypt and the Middle East in private sector and is currently also being utilized by governmental bodies. However, some contractors are not aware of the major deviations …

Do Plants Have The Cognitive Complexity For Sentience?, Ricard V. Solé

Animal Sentience

Are plants sentient? Like other aspects of the cognitive potential of plants, this is a controversial issue, often driven by analogies and seldom supported on solid theoretical grounds. Sentience is understood in cognitive sciences as the capacity to feel. I suggest that because of plants’ evolved adaptations to morphological plasticity, sessile nature and ecological constraints, they are unlikely to have the requisite cognitive complexity for sentience.

Osmosis: Asymmetries In Telematic Performance, Matthias Ziegler

Journal of Network Music and Arts

For the 2022 edition of the NowNet Arts Conference on October 31st, the telematic research team of the Zurich University of the Arts (ZHdK) presented a project entitled OSMOSIS. OSMOSIS was a concert event, highlighting how telematically connected spaces always confront each other asymmetrically. Their telematic connection is part of a continuous space in which information is fragmented and selectively reassembled. Like the biochemical process of osmosis in which molecules diffuse across a cell membrane from one level of concentration to another, in telematic connections certain elements such as sound, physicality, movement, and empathy are diffused across spaces, each being …

Synthesis: Works Of Sarah Weaver And Collaborations (2020-2022), Sarah Weaver

Journal of Network Music and Arts

Synthesis Series is a set of contemplative contemporary network arts works for solo, chamber, and large ensemble performance. The works are my compositions and collaborations from the years 2020 to 2022. The concept of synthesis is conceived as an activation of synchrony. Synthesis Series follows my prior works in Synchrony Series and Source Series as sequences of compositions since 1998 proliferating into a networked system of artistic realization. In Synchrony Series I defined synchrony as the perceptual alignment of distributed time and space components. Synthesis builds on this to activate the alignment as a networked state of composite resultants, networked …

Distributed Networks Of Listening And Sounding: 20 Years Of Telematic Musicking, Doug Van Nort

Journal of Network Music and Arts

This paper traces a twenty-year arc of my performance and compositional practice in the medium of telematic music, focusing on a distinct approach to fostering interdependence and emergence through the integration of listening strategies, electroacoustic improvisation, pre-composed structures, blended real/virtual acoustics, networked mutual-influence, shared signal transformations, gesture-concepts and machine agencies. Communities of collaboration and exchange over this time period are discussed, which span both pre- and post-pandemic approaches to the medium that range from metaphors of immersion and dispersion to diffraction.

An Overview Of Immersive Virtual Reality Music Experiences In Online Platforms, Ben Loveridge

Journal of Network Music and Arts

As the field of Virtual Reality (VR) continues to mature, so too does the potential for creative and immersive musical experiences in the medium. However, of the thousands of applications now available across the major VR platforms, only a small number of titles focus on the ability to create or explore musical content. This article outlines the current state of music games, experiences, and creative applications across the current VR ecosystem. Firstly, it surveys the quantity of commercial titles currently available across the major VR platforms with a music-related focus. Secondly, the article classifies music applications into the following subcategories: …

Musical Time In Network Interaction: The Case Of Unfinished Line, Silvio Ferraz, William Teixeira

Journal of Network Music and Arts

Considering recent world events, art and music could not be unmoved by the dramatic turn of directions in both the way people relate and the place of technology in their lives. An ongoing project of both the authors in writing a new piece for cello and Disklavier operated by interactions in real-time gave place to a new kind of composition, mixing written music to improvisation and replacing real-time for something we are calling remote time. This paper presents such walking of resilience, first reviewing some relevant points of view about musical interaction in real-time and the importance of synchrony for …

The Entanglement: Volumetric Music Performances In A Virtual Metaverse Environment, Damian Dziwis, Henrik Von Coler

Journal of Network Music and Arts

Telematic music performances are an established performance practice in contemporary music. Performing music pieces with geographically distributed musicians is both a technological challenge and an artistic one. These challenges and the resulting possibilities can lead to innovative aesthetic realizations. This paper presents the implementation and realization of “The Entanglement,” a telematic concert performance in a metaverse environment. The system is realized using web-based frameworks to implement a platform-independent online multi-user environment with volumetric, three- dimensional, streaming of audio and video. This allows live performance of this improvisation piece based on an algorithmic quantum computer composition within a freely explorational virtual …

Adventures In [A]Synchrony: Tools And Strategies For The Network Arts-Curious Music Educator, Seth Adams

Journal of Network Music and Arts

Networked Music Performance (NMP) is ensemble music mediated by a network such as the internet. NMP can be usefully divided into asynchronous and synchronous formats. Prototypical examples of the asynchronous format familiar to music educators are Eric Whitacre’s virtual choirs that began in 2009. A decade later, the virtual ensemble format exploded in popularity due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Although the format does not allow participants to interact with one another, virtual ensembles nonetheless provide ample opportunities for both musical and nonmusical benefits. Synchronous NMP is, by comparison, little known and rarely practiced by music educators. However, both types of …

Editorial, Sarah Weaver

Journal of Network Music and Arts

No abstract provided.

Development Of Carbon Emission Assessment Tool Towards Promoting Sustainability In Cal State La, Arezoo Khodayari, Soumya Puvvada, Jamaie M. Scott, Chandra Mouli Rotta, Geeth Sekhar Chadalawada, Jivar Afshar, Carlos D. Linares, Brad Haydel

CSU Journal of Sustainability and Climate Change

The great demand for the burning of fossil fuels has greatly increased greenhouse gases (GHG) concentrations in the atmosphere. An increase in the atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases produces a positive climate forcing or warming effect [EPA, Climate Change Indicators]. Therefore, mitigation of GHG concentrations is important to prevent long-term impacts on the environment. On April 4, 2016, California State University, Los Angeles signed the most comprehensive of Second Nature’s three Climate Leadership Commitments, the Climate Commitment. Following this commitment, California State University, Los Angeles, set the ambitious goal of operational carbon neutrality by the year 2040. To assist California …

The Santa Clara, 2023-05-05, Santa Clara University

The Santa Clara

No abstract provided.