Engineering Commons^™

An Investigation Of The Advantages And Disadvantages Of University Students As Avatars In Virtual Learning Spaces, Gary Burnett, Catherine Harvey

International Journal of Emerging and Disruptive Innovation in Education : VISIONARIUM

Authors have noted the increasing importance of avatars in Higher Education, as more teaching is conducted virtually, drawing upon gaming conventions. However, it is also recognised that little is known about how students make use of avatars (especially over an extended period) and the subsequent impact on learning experiences. For the last three years, a university module has been conducted within a persistent virtual world – where students (49 in 2020; 95 in 2021; 122 in 2022) predominantly interact with each other and teaching staff in avatar form. Observation data constitutes 60 hours of video recordings of virtual world seminars. …

Editor's Forward, James Hutson

International Journal of Emerging and Disruptive Innovation in Education : VISIONARIUM

No abstract provided.

Machine Learning-Based Drone And Aerial Threat Detection For Increased Turret Gunner Survivability, Nikolas Koutsoubis

Theses and Dissertations

The introduction of aerial drones on the modern battlefield has transformed combat operations, posing a significant threat to ground-based military operations. Detecting drones in safety scenarios is crucial. However, modern machine learning (ML)-based object detectors struggle to detect small objects like drones. This thesis presents three main contributions: (a) data and algorithmic modifications to improve small object detection in YOLO to aid in drone detection, (b) the development of a benchmark drone detection dataset called DyViR, and (c) the implementation of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) to ensure transparent and trustworthy decision-making. To boost the performance of small object detection, we …

An Investigative Study On Quick Switching System Using Fuzzy And Neutrosophic Poisson Distribution, Uma G, Nandhitha S

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

Stephens and Larson (1967) stated the sampling system as an allotted grouping of two or three sampling plans and the rules for switching between the plans for sentencing the lots of manufactured products. Quick Switching System (QSS) by Romboski (1969) is a sampling system with reference to the Single Sampling Plan (SSP) involves normal and tightened plans by adopting a switching rule. QSS provides quality protection and a reduction in the cost of inspection. The idea of fuzzy logic is adopted in the system to handle situations of fraction non-confirmation, uncertainty, or vagueness present in the parameters. The sampling plans …

62nd Annual Rocky Mountain Conference On Magnetic Resonance

Rocky Mountain Conference on Magnetic Resonance

Final program, abstracts, and information about the 62nd annual meeting of the Rocky Mountain Conference on Magnetic Resonance, co-endorsed by the Colorado Section of the American Chemical Society and the Society for Applied Spectroscopy. Held in Sonesta Denver Downtown, Denver, Colorado, July 23-27, 2023.

Performance Evaluation And Thermal Management Solutions For A Sustainable Microsized Hydrogen-Powered Turbo-Shaft Engine, Nikolai Baranov

Discovery Undergraduate Interdisciplinary Research Internship

Analyzing the aerospace and automotive industries, there is a transition to sustainable energy generation. Aiming to bridge industrial emissions with the worldwide net zero goal by 2050, one widely considered solution for long-range drones and small aircraft is compact turbo-shaft engines combusting clean hydrogen gas to produce shaft work. The small size and energy-dense fuel allow for a universal powerplant with high specific power output that fits a wide variety of existing solutions. One such micro-sized turboshaft internal combustion engine was created to test the potential power output, thermal management, and combustor optimization of the existing stainless steel assembly. The …

Comparing Fishbone Drilling And Hydraulic Fracturing In Ultra-Low Permeability Geothermal Reservoirs, Aimene Aihar, Nassim Bouabdallah, Ghoulem Ifrene, Doina Irofti

Petroleum Engineering Posters and Presentations

Harnessing geothermal energy through Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) offers a sustainable and renewable means of tapping the Earth's subsurface heat. However, in ultra-low permeability formations like those found in the Williston Basin, the effectiveness of conventional hydraulic fracturing techniques is limited. This study evaluates the potential of fishbone drilling technology as an alternative approach, focusing on the efficiency and engineering aspects of both methods in the context of geothermal reservoirs with extremely low permeability.

We carried out an extensive literature review, numerical simulations, and case studies to compare fishbone drilling and hydraulic fracturing in EGS applications. Fishbone drilling, which involves …

Evaluation Of Hybrid Prediction Models For Accurate Rate Of Penetration (Rop) Prediction In Drilling Operations, Abdelhakim Khouissat, Mohamed Riad Youcefi, Ghoulem Ifrene, Doina Irofti

Petroleum Engineering Posters and Presentations

The precise prediction of the rate of penetration (ROP) is of utmost importance for optimizing drilling operations and minimizing costs while increasing efficiency. However, the complex and nonlinear nature of the drilling process can pose significant challenges in achieving accurate ROP predictions. To address this challenge, multiple hybrid prediction models have been developed, and their accuracy in ROP prediction has been compared.

To accomplish this objective, we created three different hybrid models, including Artificial Neural Network – Genetic Algorithm (ANN-GA), Artificial Neural Network-Particle Swarm Optimization (ANN-PSO), and Support Vector Regression (SVR) to estimate ROP. These models were trained and tested …

Evaluating The Permeability Of Porous Aggregate Concrete Using Electrical Resistivity-Based Measurements, Ariel Miguel Mendez Aragoncillo

Theses and Dissertations

Recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) and lightweight aggregates (LWA) are popular alternative aggregates for concrete. However, due to their highly porous structure, concrete with RCA and LWA shows a different microstructure and higher permeability than conventional concrete. Thus, the existing relationships used to evaluate the permeability and, consequently, the durability of concrete are not applicable in concretes with RCA and LWA. This research examined the permeation properties of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) and lightweight aggregate concrete (LWAC). The relationships between electrical resistivity-based measurements in RAC and LWAC and their permeation properties were determined and compared to that of normal weight aggregate …

Structural Behavior Of Reactive Powder Concrete Under Harmonic Loading, Shatha D. Mohammed, Teghreed H. Ibrahim, Ban F. Salman, Abbas A. Allawi

Faculty Publications

Industrial buildings usually are designed to sustain several types of load systems, such as dead, live, and dynamic loads (especially the harmonic load produced by rotary motors). In general, these buildings require high-strength structural elements to carry the applied loads. Moreover, Reactive Powder Concrete (RPC) has been used for this purpose because of its excellent mechanical strength and endurance. Therefore, this study provides an experimental analysis of the structural behaviors of reinforced RPC beams under harmonic loads. The experimental program consisted of testing six simply supported RPC beams with lengths of 1500 mm, widths of 150 mm, and thicknesses of …

Design Of Asic Based Electrical Impedance Tomography Microendoscopic System For Prostate Cancer Surgical Marginal Assessment, Mohsen Shahghasemi

Dartmouth College Ph.D Dissertations

Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in the United States. It is typically treated by surgically excising the cancerous section of the prostate. Because there is not always a visible distinction between the healthy and cancerous sections, surgery often leaves some cancerous tissue behind. This is referred to as a positive surgical margin and it requires adjuvant treatment with adverse side effects. Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a low-cost low-form-factor method that can be used to assess surgical marginal intraoperatively to ensure that no cancerous tissue is left behind. EIT-based surgical margin assessment works on the principle that …

Multifunctional Graphene–Polymer Nanocomposite Sensors Formed By One-Step In Situ Shear Exfoliation Of Graphite, Ali Ashraf, Elizabeth Chang, Md Ashiqur Rahman, Dipannita Ghosh, Nazmul Islam, Jennifer K. Lynch-Branzoi

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications

Graphene nanocomposites are a promising class of advanced materials for sensing applications; yet, their commercialization is hindered due to impurity incorporation during fabrication and high costs. The aim of this work is to prepare graphene–polysulfone (G−PSU) and graphene–polyvinylidene fluoride (G−PVDF) nanocomposites that perform as multifunctional sensors and are formed using a one-step, in situ exfoliation process whereby graphite is exfoliated into graphene nanoflakes (GNFs) directly within the polymer. This low-cost method creates a nanocomposite while avoiding impurity exposure since the raw materials used in the in situ shear exfoliation process are graphite and polymers. The morphology, structure, thermal properties, and …

An Investigative Study On Quick Switching System Using Fuzzy And Neutrosophic Poisson Distribution, Uma G, Nandhitha S

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

Stephens and Larson (1967) stated the sampling system as an allotted grouping of two or three sampling plans and the rules for switching between the plans for sentencing the lots of manufactured products. Quick Switching System (QSS) by Romboski (1969) is a sampling system with reference to the Single Sampling Plan (SSP) involves normal and tightened plans by adopting a switching rule. QSS provides quality protection and a reduction in the cost of inspection. The idea of fuzzy logic is adopted in the system to handle situations of fraction non-confirmation, uncertainty, or vagueness present in the parameters. The sampling plans …

Emergent Bilinguals’ Participation In Multilingual Engineering Learning Ecologies, Alberto Esquinca, Maria Teresa De La Piedra, Lidia Herrera-Rocha

Journal of Pre-College Engineering Education Research (J-PEER)

Students classified as English language learners (ELLs), many of whom are also Hispanic/Latine´/x, are at times excluded from opportunities to engage in engineering design experiences due to the emphasis on learning English. In dual language bilingual education, however, language policies that allow for the use and development of more than one language afford opportunities for ELLs that are not available in monolingual environments. We draw on a multilingual learning ecology theoretical framework to analyze data gathered from a two-year ethnographic study. During approximately 200 hours of field work, we gathered multiple forms of data through ethnographic methods, to include field …

Editorial: Intervertebral Disc Degeneration And Osteoarthritis: Mechanisms Of Disease And Functional Repair., Graciosa Q Teixeira, Jana Riegger, Raquel M Gonçalves, Makarand V. Risbud

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Faculty Papers

No abstract provided.

Scalable Production Of Peptides For Enhanced Struvite Formation Via Expression On The Surface Of Genetically Engineered Microbes, Jacob D. Hostert, Quincy A. Spitzer, Paola Giammattei, Julie N. Renner

Faculty Scholarship

A promising method for recycling phosphate from wastewater is through precipitation of struvite (MgNH4PO4·6H2O), a slow-release fertilizer. Peptides have been shown to increase the yield of struvite formation, but producing peptides via solid phase synthesis is cost prohibitive. This work investigates the effects of peptide-expressing bacteria on struvite precipitation to provide a sustainable and cost-efficient means to enhance struvite precipitation. A peptide known for increased struvite yield was expressed on a membrane protein in Escherichia coli(E. coli), and then 5 mL precipitation reactions were performed in 50 mL culture tubes for at least 15 min. The yield of struvite crystals …

Exfoliation And Spray Deposition Of Graphene Nanoplatelets In Ethyl Acetate And Acetone: Implications For Additive Manufacturing Of Low-Cost Electrodes And Heat Sinks, Muhammed Ramazan Oduncu, Zhifan Ke, Bingyuan Zhao, Zhongxia Shang, Robin Simpson, Haiyan Wang, Alexander Wei

Department of Chemistry Faculty Publications

Nonaqueous dispersions of graphene nanoplatelets (GrNPs) can be used to prepare thin films and coatings free of surfactants, but typically involve polar organic solvents with high boiling points and low exposure limits. Here, we describe the mechanochemical exfoliation and dispersion of GrNPs in volatile aprotic solvents such as ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and acetone, which rank favorably in green solvent selection guides. GrNPs in powder form were exfoliated with a solvent on a horizontal ball mill for 48 h and then sonicated at moderate power to produce suspensions in excess of 300 μg/mL with minimum loss of dispersion stability over 7 …

Designing Intelligent Energy Efficient Scheduling Algorithm To Support Massive Iot Communication In Lora Networks, Jui Mhatre

Master of Science in Computer Science Theses

We are about to enter a new world with sixth sense ability – “Network as a sensor -6G”. The driving force behind digital sensing abilities is IoT. Due to their capacity to work in high frequency, 6G devices have voracious energy demand. Hence there is a growing need to work on green solutions to support the underlying 6G network by making it more energy efficient. Low cost, low energy, and long-range communication capability make LoRa the most adopted and promising network for IoT devices. Since LoRaWAN uses ALOHA for multi-access of channels, collision management is an important task. Moreover, in …

Exploring Scenario-Based Assessment Of Students' Global Engineering Competency: Building Evidence Of Validity Of A China-Based Situational Judgment Test, Kirsten A. Davis, Brent Jesiek, David B. Knight

School of Engineering Education Faculty Publications

Background

Engineers operate in an increasingly global environment, making it important that engineering students develop global engineering competency to prepare them for success in the workplace. To understand this learning, we need assessment approaches that go beyond traditional self-report surveys. A previous study (Jesiek et al., Journal of Engineering Education 2020; 109(3):1–21) began this process by developing a situational judgment test (SJT) to assess global engineering competency based in the Chinese context and administering it to practicing engineers.

Purpose

We built on this previous study by administering the SJT to engineering students to explore what prior experiences related to their …

Using Machine Learning To Assist Auditory Processing Evaluation, Hasitha Wimalarathna, Sangamanatha Veeranna, Minh Vu Duong, Chris Allan Prof, Sumit K. Agrawal, Prudence Allen, Jagath Samarabandu, Hanif M. Ladak

Electrical and Computer Engineering Publications

Introduction: Approximately 0.2–5% of school-age children complain of listening difficulties in the absence of hearing loss. These children are often referred to an audiologist for an auditory processing disorder (APD) assessment. Adequate experience and training is necessary to arrive at an accurate diagnosis due to the heterogeneity of the disorder.

Objectives: The main goal of the study was to determine if machine learning (ML) can be used to analyze data from the APD clinical test battery to accurately categorize children with suspected APD into clinical sub-groups, similar to expert labels.

Methods: The study retrospectively collected data from 134 children referred …

Table Of Contents, The Editors

Coal Geology & Exploration

No abstract provided.

Propagation Of Hydraulic Fractures In Thin Interbedded Tight Sandstones, Yang Fan, Mei Wenbo, Li Liang, Sun Zening, An Qi, Yang Qi, Lu Meiquan, Yang Ruiyue

Coal Geology & Exploration

Thin interbedded tight sandstone reservoirs are characterized by strong vertical heterogeneity due to the superimposed pattern of the deposited sandstones and mudstones. As a result, hydraulic fractures are difficult to propagate vertically to effectively connect the reservoirs. Given this, ascertaining the vertical propagation patterns of hydraulic fractures in thin interbeds is of great significance for the development of thin interbedded tight sandstones. With the thin interbedded tight sandstone reservoirs of the lower Shihezi Formation in the Linxing block, Ordos Basin as a case study, this study built the fracture propagation model of these sandstones. Accordingly, it analyzed the effects of …

Iron Occurrence In Coal Measures And Its Release Mechanism During Water-Rock Interactions: Taking A Mine In The Eastern Grassland As An Example, Wang Tiantian

Coal Geology & Exploration

The mine water with iron out of limit corrodes the water distribution pipeline and the industrial equipment, thereby damaging the liver of human body, and further threatening the human health. The enrichment or dilution of iron in mine water is determined by the iron content and its occurrence in coal measures, as well as its release mechanism during water-coal and water-rock interactions. Herein, 18 groups of coal and rock samples were collected from a mine in the eastern grassland, and had the iron content, occurrence and carrier in the coal measure analyzed with an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), …

Change Detection Of Open-Pit Mines Based On Fm-Unet++ And Gf-2 Satellite Images, Du Shouhang, Li Wei, Xing Jianghe, Zhang Chengye, She Changchao, Wang Shaoyu, Li Jun

Coal Geology & Exploration

Automatic extraction of land use change information in open-pit mines using the remote sensing and deep learning technology is of great significance for the mining monitoring and ecological environmental protection. A novel deep learning model FM-UNet++ was constructed for the change of land use types in complex and heterogeneous mining scenarios, and the automatic change detection of open-pit mines was achieved using the Gaofen-2 (GF-2) satellite images. Firstly, the change detection dataset of open-pit mine was produced through data surveys and visual interpretation, which was augmented by data enhancement. Secondly, the FM-UNet++ for open-pit mine change detection was constructed by …

In-Situ Lock-In Thermographic Measurement Of Powder Layer Thermal Diffusivity And Thickness In Laser Powder Bed Fusion, Tao Liu, Edward C. Kinzel, Ming-Chuan Leu

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The thermal transport properties of the powder layer play a crucial role in the process of laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). This paper introduces an in-situ measurement method utilizing active lock-in infrared thermography (LIT) to determine the thermal diffusivity and thickness of the powder layer. The proposed method exhibits great potential for accurate powder property and thickness measurements and real-time process monitoring. In this lock-in thermographic technique, the LPBF laser beam is directed through an optical diffuser and modulated into a square thermal wave. This thermal wave serves as an active heat source to heat the surface of the powder …

Adaptive Gps Antenna Array Beam Nulling Effectiveness Under Varying Antenna Element Positioning, Aadesh Neel

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

Global Positioning System (GPS) is an essential part of modern life but is susceptible to same frequency jamming. GPS jamming can add excessive noise to a received low power signal and have the capability to change or completely distort information being sent through the GPS signal. Adaptive antenna arrays have long since been a solution to mitigating GPS jamming via beamnulling algorithms. However, there is little research on the effectiveness of these beamnulling algorithms under varying element positioning. In this work, an adaptive antenna array, consisting of Right-Hand Circularly Polarized (RHCP) nearly square GPS antenna elements, was constructed and tested …

Underground Coal Gasification Field Tests In China: History And Prospects, Qin Yong, Yi Tongsheng, Yang Lei, Zhou Yongfeng, Wang Jun, Wang Lingxia

Coal Geology & Exploration

To achieve peak carbon dioxide emissions and carbon neutrality in China, a low-carbon and efficient coal energy structure is essential for the sustainable energy development of China. Underground coal gasification (UCG) is an important strategy for transforming the coal energy structure in China. Based on the review of previous literature, this study analyzes the exploration history of the UCG field tests in China and delivers the prospects of UCG industrialization in China. The analytical results show that the development and field tests of UCG technologies in China have experienced five stages, namely the initial attempt, silence/recovery, extensive explorations, making technological …

Construction And Engineering Applications Of Block Model For Coal Seam Value Considering The Variations In Coal Seam Thickness And Quality, Liu Feiyue, Yang Ke, Yang Tianhong, Kan Lei, Fu Kai

Coal Geology & Exploration

The variations in coal seam thickness and coal quality parameters (i.e., calorific value, volatile matter, ash content, and sulfur content) determine the spatial distribution of coal prices. The accurate characterization of coal seams’ economic value plays an important role in the rational mining and utilization of coal resources. This study first determined that the geological attributes of coal seams including their thickness and coal quality are regional variables. Based on this, this study discretized geological bodies in the study area using a block model. Then, using a geostatistical method, this study obtained the experimental semivariograms of coal seam thickness and …

Applicability Evaluation Technology Of Perforating Parameters In Different Reservoirs, Bi Gang, Wu Jiemin, Yang Shangyu, Li Mengmeng, Han Fei, Wang Xin, Cui Ying

Coal Geology & Exploration

Perforating parameters have an important impact on the productivity of oil and gas wells. Currently, the optimization of perforating parameters is mostly based on single factor analysis, with no multi-factor comprehensive evaluation analysis performed. In this paper, the finite element simulation method was used to analyze and study the influence law of perforating parameters on wellhead flow under different reservoir conditions. Firstly, a geometric model of pressure drop in reservoir with perforation completion was established to simulate the fluid flow after perforation. In this way, the influence laws of perforating parameters, anisotropy parameters and natural fracture parameters on the pressure …

Construction And Restoration Technology Of Terrain Remodeling Layer In The Restoration Of Ecological Geological Layer In Open-Pit Mining Areas, Zhao Xin, Wang Tong, Li Congcong, Lin Zhongyue, Li Fei, Wang Weichao, Feng Kangning, Yin Yalei, Jiang Zhe

Coal Geology & Exploration

Mining can easily result in a series of change in the geomorphic form, such as irregular mining pits, high and steep slopes, slag hills, primitive soil failure and accumulated water in mining pits in the plateau and alpine mining area, which is in disharmony with the surrounding environment. Such changes of geomorphic form will not only adversely affect the surface ecological environment, but also bring different degrees of influence and damage to the shallow groundwater seepage field and the permafrost. In particular, the geological hazards and disasters such as landslides and collapses may even be resulted in. In response to …