Engineering Commons^™

United States Air Force Posture Statement 2009, U.S. Air Force

United States Air Force: Publications

Today, the United States faces a spectrum of challenges to our national security and global interests. As an integral member of the Joint team, America’s Air Force provides the critical capabilities of Global Vigilance, Global Reach, and Global Power. The United States Air Force is 'All In" today’s Joint fight. At the same time, our investments in new capabilities will ensure we are ready for tomorrow’s challenges. The mission of the United States Air Force is to "fly, fight, and win…in air, space and cyberspace"—as an integral member of the Joint …

C2 Domain Ontology Within Our Lifetime, Leslie Winters, Andreas Tolk

Computational Modeling & Simulation Engineering Faculty Publications

Agile Command and Control (C2) requires agile information sharing with an increasingly wide variety of military and non-military partners. While current net-centric approaches may improve information sharing within a particular niche of C2, they do not support information sharing across the larger C2 domain. Although not a silver bullet, the development and application of a C2 domain ontology to improve C2 data and service integration appears to be increasingly realistic. In fact, there are several examples of successful ontology applications in domains such as medicine, biology, and engineering, and the new discipline of Applied Ontology is emerging. C2 data, architecture, …

Conceptual Requirements For Command And Control Languages, Andreas Tolk, Curtis L. Blais, Saikou Y. Diallo, Charles Turnitsa

Computational Modeling & Simulation Engineering Faculty Publications

The current Coalition Battle Management Language initiative (C-BML) will define a language to unambiguously exchange command and control information between systems. This paper introduces a categorization that may be used to guide the process of developing C-BML effectively by enumerating the conceptual requirements the authors have identified in model-based data engineering and process engineering based studies in various domains.

First, it is important to distinguish if application of the language will support the planning, execution, or observation phase of command and control. While C-BML already distinguishes between tasking and reporting, planning is a category with different requirements.

Second, the language …

Harmonizing Bml Approaches: Grammars And Data Models For A Bml Standard, Dietmar Kunde, Thomas Orichel, Andreas Tolk, Ulrich Schade, Michael R. Hieb

Computational Modeling & Simulation Engineering Faculty Publications

Battle Management Language (BML) is being developed as an open standard that unambiguously formalizes and specifies Command and Control information, including orders and reports built upon precise representations of tasks. BML is a language specification, based on doctrine and consistent with Coalition standards. The goal of BML is to enable and improve the interoperability in the C2 area, especially by enabling also the military communication with simulation systems and future robotic forces.

Although the need for BML is well documented, a SISO standard has still not been achieved. At present, there are two recommended approaches focusing on different aspects. In …

An Extended Interoperability Framework For Joint Composability, Andreas Tolk, Charles D. Turnitsa

Computational Modeling & Simulation Engineering Faculty Publications

Interoperation of systems is defined by the aspects of integratability, interoperability, and composability. It is therefore needed, to address all levels of interoperation - from conceptual models via implemented systems to the supported infrastructure - accordingly in an interoperation framework.

Several candidates are available and provide valuable part solution. This paper evaluates the Base Object Models (BOMs), Discrete Event Simulation Specifications (DEVS), Unified Language Model (UML) artifacts as used within the Test and Training Enabling Architecture (TENA), the Object-Process Methodology (OPM), and Conceptual Graphs (CG) regarding their contribution.

Using the Levels of Conceptual Interoperability Model (LCIM), an extended interoperability framework …

Exploring Primitives Of Meaning In Support Of Interoperability, Charles D. Turnitsa, Andreas Tolk, Robert Kewley

Computational Modeling & Simulation Engineering Faculty Publications

Semantic mismatch between systems is due, in part, to the grouping together of terms who have defined meaning in different levels of granularity, and which are composed together into different groupings by distinct systems. It has been proposed that making use of elemental concepts (referred to here as primitives of meaning) can assist in interoperability, but seeking to define all terms at a level of granularity equal to or greater than that of all involved systems.

By decomposing a system’s groups of composed terms into primitives of meaning, the building blocks that can be reassembled into the compositions required by …

Applying Model-Based Data Engineering To Evaluate The Alignment Of Information Modeled Within Jc3iedm, Msdl, And Matrex-Fom, Anil Ustun, Andreas Tolk, Saikou Diallo

Computational Modeling & Simulation Engineering Faculty Publications

The need for a common representation of entities and their relations to support the easier composition and federation of independently developed solutions in support of the user has been identified and addressed in several papers presented during recent simulation interoperability workshop. One of the underlying assumptions is that standards derived from the same conceptual domain can easily be converted into each others, as they deal with the same concepts. In a project conducted for the U.S. Army’s Program Executive Office (PEO) Soldier, three of such solutions for military operations (with focus on the land forces) were utilized to capture the …

Utilizing Strategic Project Management Processes And The Nato Code Of Best Practice To Improve Management Of Experimentation Events, Andreas Tolk, Rafael E. Landaeta, Robert H. Kewley, Thomas T. Litwin

Computational Modeling & Simulation Engineering Faculty Publications

Systems engineering and project management are two core engineering management processes supported by core quantitative disciplines within engineering management problems. Traditional approaches to systems engineering focus on a single system being engineered and managed (i.e., project managed), while challenges addressing composition of systems of systems and the reuse of systems for new solutions require a strategic management approach that promote a process flow in which the outputs of one project (e.g., deliverables, knowledge, work documents) are captured for the benefit of other projects within and outside the project-based organization. Two other core processes of engineering management are therefore critical to …

Comment On "Three-Dimensional Ascent Trajectory Optimization For Stratospheric Airship Platforms In The Jet Stream", Nathan Slegers, Ainsmar X. Brown

Faculty Publications - Biomedical, Mechanical, and Civil Engineering

No abstract provided.

Solution Techniques For A Crane Sequencing Problem, Jin Shang, Alan Mckendall

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

In the areas of power plant maintenance, shipyard and warehouse management, resources (items) assigned to locations need to be relocated. It is essential to develop efficient techniques for relocating items to new locations using a crane such that the sum of the cost of moving the items and the cost of loading/unloading the items is minimised. This problem is defined as the crane sequencing problem (CSP). Since the CSP determines the routes for a crane to relocate items, it is closely related to some variants of the travelling salesman problem. However, the CSP considers the capacities of locations and intermediate …

Effectiveness Of Thermal Oxidation In Relation To Anterior Cervical Plates, Katherine A. Miyashiro

Master's Theses

Ti-6Al-4V anterior cervical plates (ACP) are used in spinal fusion surgeries to fixate cervical vertebrae during graft adhesion. However, documented cases of implant failure and the potential for ACP corrosion raise concerns regarding any degradation of material resulting from extended implantation. In addition, abrasion during implantation may damage a section of the protective oxide layer, potentially exposing surrounding tissues to the harmful effects of bare titanium, aluminum, and vanadium. Thermal oxidation has been shown to improve corrosion-resistance and wear-resistance, depending on temperature and time. To quantify the attributes of the thermally grown oxide layer, Ti-6Al-4V coupons underwent thermal oxidation treatments …

Internal Quantum Efficiency Of C-Plane Ingan And M-Plane Ingan On Si And Gan, X. Ni, J. Lee, M. Wu, X. Li, Ryoko Shimada, Ü. Özgür, A. A. Baski, Hadis Morkoç, T. Paskova, G. Mulholland, K. R. Evans

Electrical and Computer Engineering Publications

We investigated internal quantum efficiency (IQE) of polar (0001) InGaN on c-sapphire, and (11¯00) nonpolar m-plane InGaN on both m-plane GaN and specially patterned Si. The IQE values were extracted from the resonant photoluminescence intensity versus the excitation power. Data indicate that at comparable generatedcarrier concentrations the efficiency of the m-plane InGaN on patterned Si is approximately a factor of 2 higher than that of the highly optimized c-plane layer. At the highest laser excitation employed (∼1.2×1018 cm−3), the IQE of m-plane InGaN double heterostructure on Si is approximately 65%. We believe that the m-plane would remain inherently advantageous, particularly …

Ultrasonic Angioplasty: Assessing The Risk Of Arterial Perforation, Mark Wylie, Garrett Mcguinness, Graham Gavin

Conference Papers

Atherosclerosis is a cardiovascular disease that effects large and medium muscular arteries (such as coronary and iliac) and also large elastic arteries (such as aorta) [1]. It causes thickening of the arterial wall and over time can result in a completely blocked artery or chronic total occlusion (CTO). While the majority of atherosclerotic lesions can be attempted by typical Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty (PTCA) such as balloon and stent implantation, calcified CTOs are often problematic as they do not lend themselves to be accessed by the guidewire which is required to implant the balloon and stent. Excessive guidewire pushing force …

Asymmetric Heteroskedasticity Models: A New Justification, Songsak Sriboonchitta, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Most existing econometric models such as ARCH(q) and GARCH(p,q) take into account heteroskedasticity (non-stationarity) of time series. However, the original ARCH(q) and GARCH(p,q) models do not take into account the asymmetry of the market's response to positive and to negative changes. Several heuristic modifications of ARCH(q) and GARCH(p,q) models have been proposed that take this asymmetry into account. These modifications turned out to be very adequate and efficient in describing the econometric time series. In this paper, we propose a justification of these heuristic modifications -- and thus, an explanation of their empirical efficiency.

Quantum Computing As A Particular Case Of Computing With Tensors, Martine Ceberio, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

One of the main potential applications of uncertainty in computations is quantum computing. In this paper, we show that the success of quantum computing can be explained by the fact that quantum states are, in effect, tensors.

Thermocapillary Effects In Driven Dewetting And Self-Assembly Of Pulsed Laser-Irradiated Metallic Films, Agegnehu Atena, Mikhail Khenner

Mathematics Faculty Publications

In this paper the lubrication-type dynamical model is developed of a molten, pulsed laser-irradiated metallic film. The heat transfer problem that incorporates the absorbed heat from a single beam or interfering beams is solved analytically. Using this temperature field, we derive the 3D long-wave evolution PDE for the film height. To get insights into dynamics of dewetting, we study the 2D version of the evolution equation by means of a linear stability analysis and by numerical simulations. The stabilizing and destabilizing effects of various system parameters, such as the peak laser beam intensity, the film optical thickness, the Biot and …

Computational Studies On The Effective Properties Of Two-Phase Heterogeneous Media, Elyas El Arbi Tawerghi

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The effective elastic modulus and conductivity of a two phase material system are investigated computationally using a Monte Carlo scheme. The continuum contains circular, spherical or ellipsoidal inclusions that are either uniformly or randomly embedded in the matrix. The computed results are compared to the applicable effective medium theories. It is found that the random distribution, permeability and particle aspect ratio have non-negligible effects on the effective material properties. For spherical inclusions, the effective medium approximations agree well with the simulation results in general, but the analytical predictions on void or non-spherical inclusions are much less reliable. It is found …

A Computer Science Approach To Identify And Classify Hyperactivated Spermatozoa, Norbert Kaula

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Effective Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) relies in part upon accurate but easily conducted measurements of sperm motion parameters. Several established methods are widely used to assess possible reasons for male infertility, in human and veterinary Andrology clinics. Computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) devices quantitatively assess sperm motion parameters, which have been defined by the World Health Organization, and include the percentage of motile cells in a sample and the motion characteristics of individual cells, such as curvilinear velocity (VCL), average path velocity (VAP) and straight line velocity (VSL). However, CASA analyses fail to define hyperactive sperm motility or determine the prevalence …

Fabrication Of Silicon Photovoltaic Micro-Particles For Low-Cost Solar Energy Generation, Siddhartha Kala

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The relatively high cost of the high quality semiconductor materials (typically silicon) and complex conventional techniques for the fabrication of solar cells result in the overall high cost of the commercially available solar cells. Although, research in the field of solar technologies has been going on for a long time, but, utilization of solar energy still remains limited to a very few applications, owing to the high manufacturing costs and lower efficiency. In this work we present a new solar technology based on silicon photovoltaic micro-particles and demonstrate a fabrication technique for such particles. The photovoltaic micro-particles can be manufactured …

A Model For Electrical Communication Between Cochlear Implants And The Brain, Douglas A. Miller

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In the last thirty years, cochlear implants have become an invaluable instrument in the treatment of severe-to-profound hearing impairment. An important aspect of research in the continued development of cochlear implants is the in vivo assessment of signal processing algorithms intended to improve perception of speech and other auditory signals. In trying to determine how closely cochlear implant recipients process sound relative to the processing done by a normal auditory system, various assessment techniques have been applied. The most common technique has been measurement of auditory evoked potentials (AEPs), which involves the recording of neural responses to auditory stimulation. Depending …

A Computational Model Of Breast Ducts, Jordan Greenlee

Inquiry: The University of Arkansas Undergraduate Research Journal

Ductal Carcinoma represents almost 75% of breast cancer. In this specific type of cancer. malignant cells in the breast ducts invade the surrounding healthy tissue. Almost all researchers who are investigating microwave modality in the area of breast cancer detection employ oversimplified models of the internal structure of the breast. Use of engineered or biologically inaccurate models can render inaccurate results. Therefore. a mathematical biological model was implemented in this work aiming to bridge the gap between physiologists and engineers. The result show that the proposed breast duct model has the capability of modeling the breast ducts of different kinds …

Towards Blended Learning For Deaf Studies At Third Level In Ireland,, Brian Nolan, Lorraine Leeson, John Bosco Conama

Conference Papers

Irish Sign Language (ISL), an indigenous language of Ireland, is recognized by the EU as a natural language. It is a language seperate from the other languages used in Ireland, including English, Irish, and, in Northern Ireland.

Query Recommendations For Interactive Database Exploration, Gloria Chatzopoulou, Magdalini Eirinaki, Neoklis Polyzotis

Faculty Publications

Relational database systems are becoming increasingly popular in the scientific community to support the interactive exploration of large volumes of data. In this scenario, users employ a query interface (typically, a web-based client) to issue a series of SQL queries that aim to analyze the data and mine it for interesting information. First-time users, however, may not have the necessary knowledge to know where to start their exploration. Other times, users may simply overlook queries that retrieve important information. To assist users in this context, we draw inspiration from Web recommender systems and propose the use of personalized query recommendations. …

One Stop Information Site, Poongkuzhali Dhanasekaran

Theses Digitization Project

The purpose of this project is to construct a website to provide users with interactive, daily information such as weather, traffic alerts, news, restaurant, etc. in one easy accessible site. Contains source code.

Comparisons Of Computational Fluid Dynamics Solutions Of Static And Manoeuvering Fighter Aircraft With Flight Test Data, David R. Mcdaniel, Russell M. Cummings, K. Bergeron, Scott A. Morton, J. P. Dean

Aerospace Engineering

As the capabilities of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to model full aircraft configurations improve, and the speeds of massively parallel machines increase, it is expected that CFD simulations will be used more and more to steer or in some cases even replace traditional flight test analyses. The mission of the US Air Force SEEK EAGLE office is to clear any new weapon configurations and loadings for operational use. As more complex weapons are developed and highly asymmetric loadings are requested, the SEEK EAGLE office is tasked with providing operational clearances for literally thousands of different flight configurations. High-fidelity CFD simulations …

Market Basket Analysis Of Crash Data From Large Jurisdictions And Its Potential As A Decision Support Tool, Anurag Pande, Mohamed Abdel-Aty

Civil and Environmental Engineering

Data mining applications are becoming increasingly popular for many applications across a set of very divergent fields. Analysis of crash data is no exception. There are many data mining methodologies that have been applied to crash data in the recent past. However, one particular application conspicuously missing from the traffic safety literature until recently is association analysis or market basket analysis. The methodology is used by retailers all over the world to determine which items are purchased together. In this study, crashes are analyzed as supermarket transactions to detect interdependence among crash characteristics. The results from the analysis include simple …

Finding And Optimising The Key Factors For The Multiple-Response Manufacturing Process, Jeh-Nan Pan, Jianbiao Pan, Chun-Yi Lee

Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering

With the advent of modern technology, manufacturing processes became so sophisticated that a single quality characteristic cannot reflect the true product quality. Thus, it is essential to perform the key factor analysis for the manufacturing process with multiple-input (factors) and multiple-output (responses). In this paper, an integrated approach of using the desirability function in conjunction with the Mahalanobis-Taguchi-Gram Schmit (MTGS) system is proposed in order to find and optimise the key factors for a multiple-response manufacturing process. The aim of using the MTGS method is to standardise and orthogonalise the multiple responses so that the Mahalanobis distance for each run …

Effects Of Reflow Profile And Thermal Conditioning On Intermetallic Compound Thickness For Snagcu Soldered Joints, Jianbiao Pan, Tzu-Chien Chou, Jasbir Bath, Dennis Willie, Brian J. Toleno

Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of reflow time, reflow peak temperature, thermal shock and thermal aging on the intermetallic compound (IMC) thickness for Sn3.0Ag0.5Cu (SAC305) soldered joints.
Design/methodology/approach – A four-factor factorial design with three replications is selected in the experiment. The input variables are the peak temperature, the duration of time above solder liquidus temperature (TAL), solder alloy and thermal shock. The peak temperature has three levels, 12, 22 and 32°C above solder liquidus temperatures (or 230, 240 and 250°C for SAC305 and 195, 205, and 215°C for SnPb). The TAL has …

Afrc Translation Experiments For Space Propulsion, Carrie S. Niemela

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports - Open

No abstract provided.

Immobilizing Bacteriorhodopsin On A Single Electron Transistor, Karl A. Walczak

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports - Open

As awareness of potential human and environmental impacts from toxins has increased, so has the development of innovative sensors. Bacteriorhodopsin (bR) is a light activated proton pump contained in the purple membrane (PM) of the bacteria Halobacterium salinarum. Bacteriorhodopsin is a robust protein which can function in both wet and dry states and can withstand extreme environmental conditions. A single electron transistor(SET) is a nano-scale device that exploits the quantum mechanical properties of electrons to switch on and off. SETs have tremendous potential in practical applications due to their size, ultra low power requirements, and electrometer-like sensitivity.

The main …