Engineering Commons^™

A Logistic Regression Model To Predict Incident Severity Using The Human Factors Analysis And Classification System, Hrishikesh Kavade

All Theses

The Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS) is used to help identify causal factors that lead to human error. The framework has been used in a variety of industries to identify leading contributing factors of unsafe events, such as accidents, incidents and near misses. While traditional application of the HFACS framework to safety outcomes has allowed evaluators to identify leading causal issues based on frequency, little has been done to gain a more comprehensive view of the system's total risk. This work utilizes the concept of event severity along with the HFACS framework to help better identify target areas …

Analysis Of Distributed Denial Of Service Attacks And Countermeasures, Sampada Karandikar

All Theses

Network technology has experienced explosive growth in the past two decades. The vast connectivity of networks all over the world poses monumental risks. The generally accepted philosophy in the security world is that no system or network is completely secure [1] which makes network security a critical concern. The work done in this thesis focuses on Distributed Denial of Service Attacks (DDoS) where legitimate users are prevented from accessing network services. Although a lot of research has been done in this field, these attacks remain one of the most common threats affecting network performance.
One defense against DDoS attacks is …

Thermoelastic Behavior Of A Small Bearing Cage, Eric Planting

All Theses

The full field non contact measurement of objects undergoing testing is one of interest for manufacturers of parts which are graded on their longevity. Unfortunately, for homogenous small parts with irregular geometries, such as bearing cages, the solution for testing is typically to use only a FEA model and compliment the testing of the model with simply cyclically loading the sample until failure. To better understand the stresses and behavior of a small object Thermoelasticity can be employed in order to see in a full field technique what stress patterns exist and their correlation to a FEA model.
The FEA …

Performance Of Storm Water Stage And Quality Measuring Instruemtnation Of A Small Watershed Using A Remote Monitoring Station, Rebecca Crane

All Theses

ABSTRACT


As economic development proceeds special care must be taken to preserve and sustain our water resources. Monitoring the storm water from a watershed during a rainfall event can help quantify any changes in water quantity and quality. An accurate means of measuring flow is necessary for all watershed monitoring projects. This study was conducted to analyze the performance of stage, turbidity, and temperature measuring devices in a laboratory setting as well as on Honeycutt Creek in Clemson, South Carolina.
The stage measuring devices under study include: a radar level sensor, ultrasonic transmitter, pressure transducer, and a bubbler module. A …

Laboratory Generation And Physics Of Propagation Of Solitary Waves And Water Surface Depressions, Siamak Malek Mohammadi

All Dissertations

Solitary waves and water surface depressions are generated using a piston-type wavemaker. Different aspects of their propagation including profile evolution, establishment rate, stability, and celerity are examined experimentally.
Traditionally, solitary waves are generated in laboratory set-ups using a methodology developed by Goring (1979) that considers a wave of permanent form during the generation process. A New methodology for generation of solitary waves using piston-type wavemakers is proposed by considering the evolving nature of the wave during generation phase. The capability of the New methodology in generation of solitary waves is assessed by conducting a series of laboratory experiments in water …

Adaptive Type-2 Fuzzy Maintenance Advisor For Offshore Power Systems, Zhaoxia Wang, C. S. Chang, Fan Yang, W. W. Tan

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Proper maintenance strategies are very desirable for minimizing the operational and maintenance costs of power systems without sacrificing reliability. Condition-based maintenance has largely replaced time-based maintenance because of the former's potential economic benefits. As offshore substations are often remotely located, they experience more adverse environments, higher failures, and therefore need more powerful analytical tools than their onshore counterpart. As reliability information collected during operation of an offshore substation can rarely avoid uncertainties, it is essential to obtain consistent estimates of reliability measures under changing environmental and operating conditions. Some attempts with type-1 fuzzy logic were made with limited success in …

Reinforcement Learning For Model Building And Variance-Penalized Control, Abhijit Gosavi

Engineering Management and Systems Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a simulation-Based technique to solve Markov decision problems or processes (MDPs). It is especially useful if the transition probabilities in the MDP are hard to find or if the number of states in the problem is too large. in this paper, we present a new model-Based RL algorithm that builds the transition probability model without the generation of the transition probabilities; the literature on model-Based RL attempts to compute the transition probabilities. We also present a variance-penalized Bellman equation and an RL algorithm that uses it to solve a variance-penalized MDP. We conclude with some numerical …

Test Bed Evaluation Of Future Power Distribution Systems With Renewable Resources, Bharadwaj R. Sathyanarayana, Gerald T. Heydt, Mariesa Crow, Fanjun Meng

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Recently, the National Science Foundation (NSF) has inaugurated an Engineering Research Center dedicated to Future Renewable Electric Energy Distribution Management (FREEDM). the premise of the center is to enable the utilization of renewable resources in power distribution systems through the utilization of solid-state controllers and direct digital control. the center is at an initial stage and the focus of some effort is on the development of a test bed that will allow the evaluation of alternative system configurations, controls, solid state controllers, and operations strategies. This paper describes some of those considerations and the requirements for a test bed for …

Emc Guideline For Synchronous Buck Converter Design, Keong Kam, David Pommerenke, Federico Centola, Cheung Wei Lam, Robert Steinfeld

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Synchronous buck converters generate broadband noise typically in 50 - 300 MHz range. in this paper, the root cause of this broadband noise and possible coupling mechanisms are analyzed. Then, a list of EMC design guideline for minimizing the broadband noise is presented. the guideline contains circuit level guideline which involves input filtering, component selection, and an effective snubber strategy using a parallel resistor and inductor. the guideline also contains layout level guideline, which involves decoupling capacitor placement, layer stack up, and minimizing exposed phase voltage area. for each suggested guideline item, an example illustrates the impact of the particular …

Analytical Formulas For The Barrel-Plate And Pad-Plate Capacitance In The Physics-Based Via Circuit Model For Signal Integrity Analysis Of Pcbs, Yaojiang Zhang, Erping Li, Zawzaw Oo, Wenzu Zhang, Enxiao Liu, Xinchang Wei, Jun Fan

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The current distribution along via barrel and pad is obtained by the Green's function of a generalized coaxial cavity for a magnetic frill current. an analytical formula for both the barrel-plate and pad-plate capacitances are derived by observing the current difference along the via barrel and pad. Finite difference method has been used to validate the formula derived here. Analytical formula presented facilitates the implementation of the physics-Based via circuit model in practical via designs for printed circuit boards and packages. the impact of various via geometric parameters on the parasitic capacitances has been investigated. ©2009 IEEE.

On The Dual Basis For Solving Electromagnetic Surface Integral Equations, Mei Song Tong, Weng Cho Chew, Barry J. Rubin, Jason D. Morsey, Lijun Jiang

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A powerful technique for solving electromagnetic (EM) surface integral equations (SIEs) for inhomogenous objects by the method of moments (MoM) involves the well-known RaoWiltonGlisson (RWG) basis function to represent the electric current and, for field orthogonality and numerical stability reasons, a variation of the RWG basis known as the ňx RWG basis (where ň is a unit normal vector at the object surface) to represent the magnetic current. Though this combination provides a numerically efficient and effective solution that has been demonstrated on a variety of structures, one cannot feel entirely comfortable because of the presence of fictitious magnetic current …

Electrical-Thermal Co-Analysis For Power Delivery Networks In 3d System Integration, Jianyong Xie, Daehyun Chung, Madhavan Swaminathan, Michael Mcallister, Alina Deutsch, Lijun Jiang, Barry J. Rubin

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In this paper, an electrical-thermal co-analysis method for power delivery networks in 3D system integration is proposed. For electrical analysis, temperature-dependent electrical resistivity of conductors is taken into account. For thermal analysis, Joule heating effect due to the current flowing through conductors is considered. The proposed co-analysis method is carried out using Rgen and ChipJoule of IBM EIP Tool Suite. An example of 3D integration system including stacked chips, power delivery network, glass-ceramic substrate, through-silicon vias, controlled collapse chip connections (C4s), underfill material, and TIM is analyzed using the proposed method. The simulation results show that the temperature effect on …

Unit Commitment With Vehicle-To-Grid Using Particle Swarm Optimization, Ahmed Yousuf Saber, Ganesh K. Venayagamoorthy

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) technology has drawn great interest in the recent years. Success of the V2G research depends on efficient scheduling of grid able vehicles in limited parking lots. V2G can reduce dependencies on small expensive units in the existing power systems as energy storage that can decrease running costs. It can efficiently manage load fluctuation, peak load; however, it increases spinning reserves and reliability. as number of grid able vehicles in V2G is much higher than small units of existing systems, unit commitment (UC) with V2G is more complex than basic UC for thermal units. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is …

Layered Frequency-Domain Equalization For Single Carrier Mimo Systems With Multiple Carrier Frequency Offsets, Jian Zhang, Yahong Rosa Zheng

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In this paper, carrier frequency offsets (CFOs) are considered in a layered frequency-domain equalization (LFDE) architecture for a single carrier (SC) broadband wireless multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system. at each layer of detection, a group of best data streams are selected to be equalized and reliably detected via removing the phase and amplitude distortion caused by the multiple CFOs. the estimated phase rotations and amplitude scalars are required to be compensated to the detected data streams in order to reconstruct the interference signals which are canceled out from the received signals. Instead of direct estimation of CFOs, our algorithm is to …

Further Development Of The Overload Risk Index, An Indicator Of System Vulnerability, John Rossmaier, Badrul Chowdhury

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper develops and expands on a previously devised vulnerability index in an attempt to make the index more robust in describing a power system's total vulnerability level. the previous index was derived using a dc load flow analysis using line outage distribution factors and Monte Carlo simulation that incorporated the unavailability rates of the transmission lines within the system. the updated index incorporates the following improvements: (a) tests to determine bus islanding in the system, (b) steady-state stability tests, (c) an optimal power flow to determine a more accurate steady-state point of operation, (d) ac analysis for a greater …

A Frequency Domain Doubletalk Detector Based On Cross-Correlation And Extension To Multi-Channel Case, Mohammad Asif Iqbal, Steven L. Grant, Jack W. Stokes

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Most teleconferencing conversations are conducted in the presence of Acoustic echoes. Typically, an adaptive filter is used to cancel the echo, with a control device called the doubletalk detector which controls the adaptation. We derive a novel test statistic for the doubletalk detection based on the cross-correlation between the microphone signal and the cancellation error for the frequency domain adaptive algorithm. the main advantage of the proposed algorithm is its simplicity and computational efficiency. We compare our results with the normalized cross-correlation based doubletalk detector proposed in [2]. We also generalize the idea of the proposed doubletalk detector (single channel) …

Predicting Noise Voltage From Trace Crossing Split Planes On Printed Circuit Boards, Weifeng Pan, Samuel Connor, Bruce Archambeault

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Printed circuit Boards (PCBs) often have high speed data traces crossing splits in the adjacent reference planes due to space limitations and cost constraints. These split planes are usually different power islands on nearby layers. This work quantifies the effect of the split plane and the associated stitching capacitor for various stack up configurations. © 2009 IEEE.

Closed-Form Expression Of Self/Mutual Power-Bus Impedances In A Finite Circular Plate Pair, Yao Jiang Zhang, Er Ping Li, Jun Fan

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The drawbacks of conventional power-bus impedance, defined as an average Green's function integration over port areas, are discussed. a new definition is proposed in terms of cylindrical waves. the equivalence of the new definition and the conventional one is proved in the case of electrically small ports. Addition theorems of cylindrical waves are used to derive an analytical expression of power-bus impedance between ports in a circular plate pair with perfectly electric/magnetic conductor (PEC/PMC) boundaries as well as non-reflective perfectly matched layer (PML) for infinite plate pair. Numerical method has been used to validate the analytical expression derived.

Gender Dimorphic Acl Strain In Response To Combined Dynamic 3d Knee Joint Loading: Implications For Acl Injury Risk, Kiyonori Mizuno, Jack T. Andrish, Antonie J. Van Den Bogert, Scott G. Mclean

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications

While gender-based differences in knee joint anatomies/laxities are well documented, the potential for them to precipitate gender-dimorphic ACL loading and resultant injury risk has not been considered. To this end, we generated gender-specific models of ACL strain as a function of any six degrees of freedom (6DOF) knee joint load state via a combined cadaveric and analytical approach. Continuously varying joint forces and torques were applied to five male and five female cadaveric specimens and recorded along with synchronous knee flexion and ACL strain data. All data (~10,000 samples) were submitted to specimen-specific regression analyses, affording ACL strain predictions as …

Fiscal Year 2009 Fhwa-536 Report For The Kentucky Transportation Cabinet, Steven Douglas Kreis, Candice Y. Wallace

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) requires state transportation agencies to submit a biennial report on local highway finances. The purpose of these reports is to provide FHWA with the data it needs to capture the financing of highway activities at the local level. Based on this information, it can identify trends in revenue, expenditures, investments, and program development, and in turn make decisions about future investments. The report, FHWA-536, asks agencies to report on four areas of local highway finance: 1) disposition of highway-user revenues; 2) revenues used for roads and streets identified by source and funding type; 3) road …

An Assessment Of Indoor Infiltration Parameters For Black Carbon From Residential Wood Combustion And The Spectral Dependence Of Light Absorption For Organic Carbon, Christopher John Malejan

Master's Theses

Black carbon, a proxy for woodsmoke was measured indoors and outdoors for an occupied residence in Cambria, CA during the winter months of 2009. The purpose was to investigate the infiltration parameters: air exchange rate, deposition rate, and penetration factor. The second part of this study investigated the light absorption properties of organic carbon from residential wood combustion, the dominant fraction of woodsmoke.

To assess woodsmoke variation, a study conducted parallel to the one presented in this thesis (Ward, 2009), a grid array of personal emission monitors (PEMS) and aethalometers were placed in a small area, approximately one square kilometer, …

A Neural Network Approach To Border Gateway Protocol Peer Failure Detection And Prediction, Cory B. White

Master's Theses

The size and speed of computer networks continue to expand at a rapid pace, as do the corresponding errors, failures, and faults inherent within such extensive networks. This thesis introduces a novel approach to interface Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) computer networks with neural networks to learn the precursor connectivity patterns that emerge prior to a node failure. Details of the design and construction of a framework that utilizes neural networks to learn and monitor BGP connection states as a means of detecting and predicting BGP peer node failure are presented. Moreover, this framework is used to monitor a BGP network …

Swept-Frequency Sampled Grating Distributed Bragg Reflector Lasers Optimized For Optical Coherence Tomography Applications, Brandon J. George

Master's Theses

Swept Frequency Source Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) requires high repetition rate and wide spectral width wavelength tunable sources at a low cost. The sampled grating distributed Bragg reflector (SG-DBR) laser provides wide wavelength tuning range while exhibiting a wavelength switching speed that is among the fastest currently available. The SG-DBR laser is used to generate linear frequency ramps with high repetition rates. Since the SG-DBR laser is currently used for the telecommunications industry in high volume, the price of the system is much lower than current OCT sources. Therefore the SG-DBR laser provides a practical solution for Swept Source OCT. …

Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation Applied To Flight Training, Joel D. Hanson

Master's Theses

Between 1994 and 2003 spatial disorientation resulted in at least 202 aircraft

accidents, 184 of them resulting in fatalities. Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation (GVS)

provides a cost effective and safe way to simulate spatial disorientation and

potentially test pilot’s vestibular system prior to aircraft operation. This experiment

investigates the use of GVS as an indicator of motion sensitivity and explores the

effects of GVS on flight simulation performance. Bilateral bipolar rectangular pulse

electrical stimulations were given to subjects via skin-mounted electrodes placed over

each mastoid process to stimulate the vestibular system with roll and yaw sensations.

Two studies were conducted in …

Simulation, Synthesis, And Characterization Of Hydrogels And Nanocomposite Gels., Kamleshkumar J. Suthar

Dissertations

Stimuli-responsive gels are three-dimensional, cross-linked polymeric materials that undergo large physical change in response to the environmental stimuli, like temperature, pH, electrical potential, and irradiation. Ferrogels are colloidaldispersion of magnetic nanoparticles in the hydrogel network. The magnetic nanoparticles are attached to the polymeric network by different adhesive forces; as a result, it becomes sensitive to the applied magnetic field.

The main objective of this research is the simulation, synthesis, and characterization of the hydrogel and ferrogel. Simulation of the hydrogel response was performed for various environmental stimuli using a multiphysics finite element analysis software, COMSOL. The pH and electrical response …

Compact Trench-Based Silicon-On-Insulator Rib Waveguide Ring Resonator With Large Free Spectral Range, Seunghyun Kim, Gregory P. Nordin, Weisheng Hu, Yusheng Qian, Jiguo Song, Gregory L. Wojcik

Faculty Publications

We demonstrate a compact trench-based silicon-on-insulator (SOI) rib waveguide ring resonator comprised of trench-based bends and splitters. It has a perimeter of 50 μm and occupies an area of only 25×25 μm. The measured free spectral range (FSR) is 13.2 nm, which the largest reported for an SOI rib waveguide ring resonator. The measured FSR, full width at half maximum, and quality factor match reasonably well with analytical calculations. Further calculation shows that a FSR of 50.8 nm is achievable for an SOI rib waveguide ring resonator with a perimeter of 15 μm.

Spatial Frequency Localization In Mammograms Using Wavelets, Tomislav Bujanovic

Dissertations

Microcalcifications are residual calcium deposits that are often the first signs of developing breast abnormalities that may lead to breast cancer. Up to 30% of cancerous lesion in diagnosed breast cancer cases could have been detected earlier through mammogram screenings if the right tools were available. While the detection of calcifications may be easier in fatty backgrounds, it is challenging in dense parenchyma, suggesting the need for more sensitive tools for accurately identifying suspicious regions in mammograms and propping a computer-aided system for further target classification. Therefore, the objective of the research work in this dissertation is to develop a …

A Particle Swarm Optimization Using Random Keys For Flexible Flow Shop Scheduling Problem With Sequence Dependent Setup Times, Vinodh Sankaran

All Theses

In this research, a particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) using random keys is developed to schedule flexible flow lines with sequence dependent setup times to minimize makespan. The flexible flow line scheduling problem is a branch of production scheduling and is found in industries such as printed circuit board and automobile manufacturing. It is well known that this problem is NP-hard. For this reason, we approach the problem by implementing a particle swarm optimization (PSO), a metaheuristic which is inspired by the motion of a flock of birds or a school of fish searching for food. The proposed PSO has …

Vibrations Of Thin Plate With Piezoelectric Actuator: Theory And Experiments, Parikshit Mehta

All Theses

Vibrations of flexible structures have been an important engineering study owing to its both deprecating and complimentary traits. These flexible structures are generally modeled as strings, bars, shafts and beams (one dimensional), membranes and plate (two dimensional) or shell (three dimensional). Structures in many engineering applications, such as building floors, aircraft wings, automobile hoods or pressure vessel end-caps, can be modeled as plates. Undesirable vibrations of any of these engineering structures can lead to catastrophic results. It is important to know the fundamental frequencies of these structures in response to simple or complex excitations or boundary conditions.
After their discovery …

Guardrail Location Rating System Users Manual, Charlie Sun, Tony L. Beckham, Tommy C. Hopkins, Jerry G. Pigman, Eric R. Green, Kenneth R. Agent

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

The Kentucky Transportation Cabinet’s Division of Maintenance is responsible for identifying and prioritizing locations in need of guardrail. A procedure used by the Kentucky Transportation Cabinet was originally developed by the Kentucky Transportation Center in 1989 and updated in 2002. Based on frequent usage by the Kentucky Transportation Cabinet of the guardrail location rating system database, the need was identified to update the existing database and incorporate improved reporting capabilities. The objectives of the research study, as documented herein, were to update and improve the processes for identification of roadway locations that should be considered for installation of guardrail. Primary …