Engineering Commons^™

Engraving By Cnc Milling Machine, Ram Tatiparti Reddy

Theses

A detailed study of NC, CNC and Engraving is presented. Engraving of letters of different sizes is done using the present technology in a CNC milling machine. This thesis also contains the design of a communication interface between Mark Century One Plus controller and different peripherals. Software for Engraving and Communication between the controller and a PC is developed. The generated NC code from software is simulated on the controller and the product is cut.

Adsorption Of Nickel And Lead With Activated Sludge, Chi-Yun Chen

Theses

Wastewater produced in domestic, commercial, and industrial activities often contains significant amounts of metals. This would result in the discharge of heavy metals into the sewer system. Some of the heavy metals can be adsorbed by activated sludge. This may present a problem for the treatment and ultimate disposal of sludge.

The purpose of the research was to determine how much metals can be adsorbed by sludge. Nickel and Lead were selected for this investigation because of their environmental significance. Both belong to priority pollutants considered potentially toxic. Factors affecting the adsorption, such as sludge concentration, metal concentration, mixing condition, …

Development Of A Low Cost Pc Based Robot Vision System, Raghunandan Jadhav

Theses

There has been a continued. interest in utilizing machine vision systems for robot guidance applications. Commercial vision systems can be programmed to give information about the parts in the robot work area and this information can be used by the robot computer to guide the robot. In most applications, however, the vision information cannot be easily integrated with the robot control language. This thesis considers implementation of part identification routines directly into a robot guidance language. This makes all the complicated machine vision algorithms transparent to the user and allows him to treat higher level vision functions as an extension …

Morphological Analysis Of Microvessels Using High Voltage Electron Microscopy (Hvem), Ibm Personal Computer And 3-D Reconstruction Software, Wieslaw Slawomir Krajewski

Theses

The mesenteric arterioles (outer diameter < 100 µ) from a normotensive and a hypertensive dog were perfused in situ, excised, post-fixed and embedded in Spurr medium block. Thick serial cross sections (0.5 µ) of the vessels were obtained from hand formed mesas and placed on Formvar coated slot grids.

The cross sections were subjected to High Voltage Electron Microscopy (HVEM) and five or more electronmicrographs were taken to cover the individual cross sections. The prints of electronmicrographs were linearly enlarged (3X) and made into photomontages of sections. The membrane contours in the montages were traced on transparent overlays, producing polygons which in turn were traced on GTCO digitizing pad. All polygons were labeled, color coded and stored in IBM PC's filing system. The vessels were reconstructed from up to 100 whole cross sections and subjected to cell compartmentalvolume analysis. The reconstructed images can be …

8085 In-Circuit Emulator For Ibm Personal Computer, Joong Bin Lee

Theses

As microprocessor-based systems become gradually larger, the developers need good tools for debugging the hardware and software. The emulators for the IBM Personal Computer using an RS-232 serial port are available in the market. But it takes quite a long time to download the user file to the memory of the emulator or the target system. This emulator is an add-on card dedicated for IBM Personal Computers. The emulator communicates with the IBM Personal Computer through the I/O channels on the mother board instead of the serial port, so its speed is much faster than that of the serial port. …

Calculation Of Heat Transfer At The Center Of A Round Plate, In Forced Convection Stagnation Flow, Ali Rohafza

Theses

The theoretical study presented here examines heat transfer at the center of a round plate, in forced convection stagnation flow.

Note that in the region of stagnation point, the flow is always laminar.

Important results presented include the variations of the similarity function f and its derivative f’ with the vertical coordinate; these results were found by using the power series method to solve the governing non-linear differential equation. In order to do that , certain things were assumed like, for example, as the point at which two solutions were spliced, η₀ =2.0, or assuming the solution at η …

Optimal Design Aspects Of A Unit Treating Hazardous Wastes Via Biodegradation : A Theoretical Approach, Farnaz Saghafi

Theses

The treatment of wastes via biodegradation is a widely utilized technique in most industries today. The kinetics of biodegradation, in most cases, follow either the Monod (non-inhibitory) or Andrews (also known as Haldane, inhibitory) model as indicated by published experimental data. The present study investigates aspects of the optimal design of a unit treating wastes when the biodegradation kinetics are those mentioned above. The criterion of optimality is the minimum volume achieving a desired conversion under given load conditions.

Two alternatives from the point of view of the number of vessels (one and two), and three alternatives from the operational …

Fault Location And Control Optimization Planner (Expert System Approach), Fenil Shah

Theses

FALCON is a rule based expert system designed to control a process being regulated by "intelligent" controllers which would at each time and stage execute a series of diagnostic or decision tests and only then initiate a control action identified by the process engineer. The current implementation includes fault identification, diagnostic and process settings in case of low efficiency and poor quality in the product. This research is a part of large research project in flexible manufacturing.

The system is intended to grow into a complete diagnostic master and take corrective actions with the help of the operational personnel.

FALCON …

Digital Network Implementation By Xilinx Asic Technology, Maoling Shen

Theses

Using XACT(XILINX Advanced CAD Technology) to implement a digital network, which is used in an 8052AH-BASIC single board computer system as one of its interfaces called MIDVOX.

MIDVOX comprises of three major parts.

1. Voice Detector

2. Waveform Generator and Frequency Divider

3. Signal Processing and Storing Unit(PSU)

Digitized voice signals are inputed to the network as BEG. Their periods are then counted by a 12 bit binary counter. Finally they are stored into memories by means of a series of 12 bit binary numbers. The value of the number depends on the length of a period of that particular …

Use Of Latex Modified Concrete For Repairs And Overlays, Chen-Hoang Lo

Theses

Latex modified concrete and polymer concrete have been widely used for bridge deck overlays and crack repairs for the past decade. In recent years, many of these repaired structures were found to be defective. The causes of these failures are not clearly confirmed. Some blame the quality of the latex products while manufacturers accuse the contractors of improper placement and/or surface preparation. While most of these failures largely appeared to be debonding and delamination of the overlays, excessive cracks, possibly shrinkage cracks, were also reported in the overlaid LMC.

To evaluate the suitability of using latex modified concrete for crack …

Column Base Plate Under Eccentric Loading, Ja-Pung Sheu

Theses

The understanding of the strength and deformational behavior of column base plates is of paramount importance in the analysis and design of pipe and pressure vessel supports. Both elastic and plastic stress analyses, using ANSYS computer program to simulate the strength and deformation of column base plates anchored over a concrete block with an eccentric load, are presented in this study. The work presented here includes the effects of bolt pretension and prying actions of stressed flexible plates.

The analytical results were benchmarked with the published test data by D.P. Thambiratnam and P. Paramasivam for the maximum longitudinal strain along …

Closed Loop Machining In Precise Turning, Ching-Song Wei

Theses

Closed loop machining (CLM) is one of the most reliable ways to automate tool setting, part positioning and measurement on CNC machine tool. It not only can assure the quality of the product but also can improve the productivity of the machine. This paper describes the CLM from basic turning concept to application of CLM, including the feature of Mark Century 2000T and the programming methods in precise turning.

The hardware and software requirements for CLM system were presented. The algorithm for CLM programs was developed completely with a series of flow charts. Then, on the base of two projects, …

The Fast Fourier Transform In Assembly Languages Of Microprocessor 68000 And Microcontroller 8052, Hari Kumar Baldawa

Theses

In this report, the 256 point radix-2 FFT algorithm is written in assembly languages of microprocessor 68000( or 68008) and microcontroller 8052( or 8051). The data used can be upto 30 bits, of which the least significant 12 bits are assigned for fractional part.

The FFT code in assembly of 68000 is written for Sinclair's QL-100 personal computer with 68008 CPU. The SuperBASIC programs are used to access and test the performance of FFT code. The average time of execution falls between 0.3 to 0.4 seconds for 256 discrete points.

Again, same FFT algorithm is written in assembly language of …

Liquid Crystal Display And Thermal Printer For A Single Board Computer, Shenq Jyi Wang

Theses

This thesis deals with the installation of a LTP451 printer mechanism (LTP) and a Dot Matrix Liquid Crystal Display module (LCD) in a SINGLE BOARD COMPUTER (SBC). The communicative method between SBC and LTP is serial, but that between LCD and SBC is parallel.

The Evaluation Of The Ti-Speech System On Pc Computer, Ying Wu

Theses

A PC-TI-SPEECH system has been set up by the author of this thesis on the IBM PC/AT compatible computer. The basic functions of the system are as follows: data acquisition, internal signal synthesization, signal processing and speech recognition. The system is built up by a PC, TI-Speech Hardware kit, MADCAP software package,TI-Speech Tool kit. This thesis covers the setup, evaluation and operations of the complete PC-TI-SPEECH system, development of the system for further applications, and operations of running some evaluation programs generated by doing this thesis.

Predicting Burst Pressures In Filament Wound Composite Pressure Vessels Using Acoustic Emission Data, Frederick R. Kalloo

Master's Theses - Daytona Beach

This work presents a statistical method for predicting the burst pressures in filament wound composite pressure vessels by analyzing acoustic emission data obtained during hydroproof testing. First the acoustic emission data is plotted in the form of amplitude distributions. Then, by using statistical models with characteristics similar to Rayleigh and Gaussian distributions, failure mechanism percentages are found, at which point multiple regression analysis is used to predict burst pressures. Next, the predicted burst pressures are compared to the actual burst pressures and the significance of the data is analyzed using standard statistical theories. The research shows that the predicted burst …

A Kinematical Investigation Of Some External Wind Tunnel Force Measurement Systems, Gary A. Peterson

Master's Theses - Daytona Beach

A discussion on the fundamental concepts associated with wind tunnel forces measurement systems (balances) is presented. Detailed static analyses are performed on the six component pyramidal, six component floating beam, and three component strain gaged strut balances. These static analyses lead to a dimensional uncertainty investigation of the pyramidal and strain gaged strut balances. The critical dimensions for the pyramidal balance are found to be the lengths of the pyramidal links, like platform half-width, and the model attachment strut. No single dimension on the strain gaged strut is more critical than the others.

A new method for the classification of …

Investigation Of Wear Of Materials By Laser Speckle Photography, Mohamed A. Seif

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

This study utilizes a non-contact technique, laser speckle photography, to measure deformations associated with sliding wear. These deformations are those which occur on the "side" of a rectangular-section pin which is in sliding contact against a counterface disc. The "side" of the pin is illuminated by a pulsed ruby laser beam, and a double exposure specklegram is made to obtain deformations which occur between laser pulses. So, by appropriately sequencing pulses, deformation histories can be obtained, in situ. Since the exposed "side" of the thin pin specimen represents the "cover" layer under which subsurface sections lie, the deformation history observable …

Development Of A Bi-Directional Inference Engine Using An Object-Oriented Approach, Taha A. Sidani

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

An inference engine is the mechanism by which an expert system program uses the domain specific information in the knowledge base to solve a problem at hand. Most of the current systems apply one of three control strategies to perform the reasoning process. These strategies are better known as forward chaining, backward chaining, and hybrid control. However, some of these systems restrict the user by confining him/her to use only the type of control provided. Hybrid systems infer using both forward and backward chaining. In either case, the user is limited to the method in which the knowledge engineer represented …

Heavy Metal Removal By Sedimentation Of Street Sweepings In Stormwater Runoff, Mary Elizabeth Brabham

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

ABSTRACT Continuous flow column studies were conducted to characterize suspended sol ids and heavy metal reduct ions through sedimentation with varying overflow rates. The heavy metals tested were cadmium, zinc, copper, iron, lead, nickel and chromium. Stormwater derived samples spiked with street sweepings categorized into particle size ranges less than 500 microns in diameter were utilized in the research. Overflow rates investigated ranged from 28 to 3600 gallons per day per square foot. Theoretical predictions of suspended solids reductions with the application of Stoke's Law exceeded observed reductions for the continuous flow system. Performance curves for all reductions over the …

Using Combined Integration Algorithms For Real-Time Simulation Of Continuous Systems, Larry Keith Harbor

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

At many American colleges and universities, efforts to enhance the retention of a diverse group of students have become a priority. This study represents part of this effort at the University of Central Florida, a large public suburban state university in the South. Specifically, this investigation evaluated Pegasus '95 and the Academic Mentoring Program offered in the Summer and Fall Semesters of 1995 to specially-admitted students who fell short of regular admissions requirements. During the summer, Pegasus '95 provided testing, orientation, guided course work, study skills workshops, and mentoring, both individually and in the context of cohesive socialization groups of …

Saw Draw: An Interactive Graphical Layout System For Surface Acoustic Wave Devices, Jeffrey Blair Abbott

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

This thesis introduces a solution to the problem of time and memory space requirements associated with the manipulation/creation of solid state device layout. Through the use of a hierarchical organization of data and a tailored indexing technique, the software described here, referred to as Saw Draw, is capable of manipulating huge amounts of data in a short period of time. This program was written for surface acoustic wave (SAW) device layout but works for a broad range of devices to include semiconductors, microstrip and others.

Due to the large number of details which must be stored for each SAW structure, …

Multiple Signal Relative Entropy Spectral Estimation, David Martin Gregory

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

Presented is a generalized derivation of the Tzannes et al. algorithm (1985) to accommodate multiple signals and also a new algorithm for implementing the Relative Entropy method for estimating the spectral densities of multisignal input data.

Chapter 2 presents several of the current methods of Relative Entropy spectral estimation which involve solving N non-linear equations simultaneously. Chapter 3 presents the multisignal derivation for the Tzannes et al. method and develops the new algorithm which solves for one unknown at a time in an iterative fashion.

The performance of this new method is compared with the Maximum Entropy and Minimum Relative …

The Time Slot Interchange In A Digital Central Office, Khalil George Al-Maalouf

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

The invention of the telephone and the telegraph opened the door to worldwide corrmunications. Over the years, complex and versatile corrmunication systems have evolved involving many devices and technologies. Switching protocols between switching offices have been established in accordance with the nature of the machines and with the capabilities of the transmission medium and its environment. Switching systems are now stored program oriented, providing a more generalized and digitally oriented internal switching capability. This report will discuss the Time Slot Interchange ( TSI), an important component of the Digital Central Office (DCO). The operation of the send section and the …

Research And Applications Of Expert Systems In Military Training, Philip Irwin Green

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

This report surveys recent research and applications of Expert Systems in the military training and simulation community. The report reviews twenty-one recent papers covering this subject. Each paper reviewed has been assigned a class which establishes the phase of development of the system or activities described. For each paper the abstract is given, followed by comments which summarize in more detail significant parameters of the activities reported. This is then followed by a listing of the specific Expert System "areas of interest" described in the paper.

Finite Impulse Response Filter Design Using Cosine Series Functions, Carlton Delos Bishop

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

Window functions have been extensively used for the design of SAW filters. The classical truncated cosine series functions, such as the Hamming and Blackmann functions, are only a few of an infinite set of such functions. The derivation of this set of functions from orthonormal basis sets and the criteria for obtaining the constant coefficients of the functions are presented. These functions are very useful because of the closed-form expressions and their easily recognizable Fourier transform. Another approach to the design of Gaussian shaped filters having a desired sidelobe level using a 40 term cosine series will be presented as …

Phase Noise Analysis And Basic Measuring Techniques, James A. Ferrell

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

Oscillators are important elements of RF and microwave communications systems. The increased use of the electromagnetic spectrum requires the use of better and cleaner oscillators. Local oscillators in RF to IF converters play a big role in the overall performance of the receiver systems because phase noise in the local oscillator can drastically reduce the signal to noise ratio at the output of the receiver, especially if the converter is at the front end. Phase noise is the parameter used to describe oscillator stability. The analysis and basic measurement techniques of phase noise are performed in this report.

This research …

Significant Measurements Of A Multiple Target Tracking System Utilizing Munkre's Algorithm As A Correlation Scheme, Nathalie Anna Day

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

This thesis presents and discusses the principles of multiple target tracking. A simulation written in Turbo Pascal provides the results of using a modified version of Munkre's algorithm for correlating targets with observations. The number and types of measurements necessary to obtain acceptable results are examined. The measurements under scrutiny are range, range rate, azimuth angle and elevation angle. A track-while-scan system is assumed and the nearest neighbor correlation scheme as well as rectangular gating are used for association.

Uniformity Correction For A Scanned Long Wavelength Infrared Focal Plane Array, George C. Heinold

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

This paper presents an alternative approach in providing uniformity correction for an infrared focal plane array by utilizing analog MOSFET circuitry. This technology is compatible with modern VLSI production and is capable of enhanced operation at cryogenic temperatures. The method presented here is a potential contribution to the growing list of special analog circuit configurations which may be incorporated for on-chip signal processing, inside the cryogenic dewar assembly. Electronic packaging of current thermal systems could be significantly reduced in size and weight by trading some of the cumbersome digital algorithms and complex post-processing circuitry for implementation in VLSI form.

The …

Geographic Information Systems: The Developer's Perspective, Johnn B. Henris

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

Geographic information systems, which manage data describing the surface of the earth, are becoming increasingly popular. This research details the current state of the art of geographic data processing in terms of the needs of the geographic information system developer. The research focuses chiefly on the geographic data model--the basic building block of the geographic information system. The two most popular models, tessellation and vector, are studied in detail, as well as a number of hybrid data models.

In addition, geographic database management is discussed in terms of geographic data access and query processing. Finally, a pragmatic discussion of geographic …