Engineering Commons^™

Remediation And Reuse Of Chromium Contaminated Soils Through Cold Top Ex-Site Vitrification, Wiwat Kamolpornwijit

Theses

More than 150 sites in Hudson County, New Jersey are identified as chromium contaminated sites. Hexavalent chromium, highly soluble in water, is considered as an environmental and health hazard, classified as a group A human carcinogen. In this research, the feasibility was performed to study the possibility of remediation of chromium contaminated soil by ex-situ vitrification and to evaluate reuse potential of vitrified products as highway construction aggregate. A series of physical and chemical analysis was conducted on nine soil samples collected from different chromium contaminated sites. Results were analyzed for their compatibility for vitrification. Sand and carbon were added …

Comparison Of Adaptive Radar Algorithms : Transformed Smi, Eigencanceler, And Smi, Chaitanya H. Kathiari

Theses

Advanced airborne radars must perform target detection in the presence of interference and heavy clutter. In many applications, the practical usefulness of adaptive arrays is limited by their convergence rate. In this paper, we first analyze the performance of the SMI method. Then, two other methods, the transformed SMI and the eigencanceler, both based on the principle component inversion (PCI) technique, are described and analyzed by simulation. It is shown by simulation based comparison that the transformed SMI and the Eigencanceler outperform the SMI method. It is also shown that the transformed SMI and the eigencanceler has higher convergence rate …

Numerical Simulation Of Clipping Distortion In Lightwave Catv Systems, Luay Al-Nadi

Theses

Clipping induced distortion is an essential limit for modulation depth and number of channels in subcarrier multiplexed lightwave video transmission systems. Two different types of laser clipping are compared (single-clipping vs. double-clipping). In this work, the distortion limits imposed by clipping effects, in both directly (single-clipping) and externally (double-clipping) modulated systems, are examined. Numerical simulations were performed to test the efficiency of Saleh's Model. A comparison of results with clipping induced distortion in directly modulated lightwave systems (single-clipping) and clipping induced distortion in externally modulated lightwave systems (double-clipping) is presented, it is shown through numerical simulation that the total non-linear …

Implementation Of A Friction Estimation And Compensation Technique, Jayesh N. Amin

Theses

This thesis reports implementation of a friction estimation and compensation technique on a special laboratory apparatus. In this work, experimental results are reported for the Coulomb friction observer.

The Coulomb friction observer estimates the total friction present in a system, assuming it to be a constant function of velocity. An extension of the observer, utilizing a coupled velocity observer, is used when velocity is not measurable. A modification to the velocity observer is also implemented. Experimental results show a remarkable improvement in the friction estimates which are also compared to the actual friction measurements. The estimates are qualitatively similar to …

Nondestructive Dynamic Load Testing Of Bridges Using Strain Sensors, Suzanne Boland

Theses

This thesis investigates the use of nondestructive bridge load testing utilizing strain sensing equipment. Nondestructive bridge load testing has not been used extensively due to lack of expertise and perceived high cost. It can, however, play a key role when an existing bridge needs to be evaluated. Since most evaluation techniques tend to be conservative, the results from such an evaluation may not represent the real properties of the structural members. The true properties of an existing bridge can be identified using the results from nondestructive static and dynamic load testing. The procedures used to identify a structure with the …

Sensivity Analysis And Design Calculations With Biofiltration Models, Michael Lawrence Cohen

Theses

Biofiltration is a new technology for biological treatment of volatile organic compounds present in airstreams. It is a complex process and thus, engineering models which attempt to describe it are by necessity very involved and contain a large number of parameters.

In this study, two models describing biofiltration of airstreams carrying a single pollutant (VOC) were used in detailed parameter-sensitivity studies. One model concerned biofiltration under steady-state conditions, while the second described the transient behavior of the process. The intent of the sensitivity studies was to determine which model parameters need to be known with accuracy in order to allow …

Comparison Of Reductive Dehalogenation By Microbial Populations On Adsorptive Versus Non-Adsorptive Bioreactor Support Materials, Linda S. Colella

Theses

The overall performance of two bioreactors was studied. The reactor with a wood-based activated carbon as a biosupport completely dehalogenated a higher feed concentration of trichlorophenol than that with Manville beads. The carbon reactor was further characterized by the development of adsorption isotherms for most of the class of chlorophenols. Competitive adsorption wag investigated using an anaerobic medium, and a lignite-based carbon was studied for comparison. The order of adsorption strength on both carbons is trichloropenols> dichlorophenols> monochlorophenols, with the wood-based carbon having higher overall adsorption than the lignite-based carbon. The presence of the anaerobic medium decreased the extent of …

Adaptive Radar In Heterogeneous Environment, Albert Futernik

Theses

Radar performance in heterogeneous clutter has been a much studied topic. In all the studies so far, various forms of the sample matrix inversion (SMI) technique where used to calculate the weight vector of the processor. In this thesis an eigenanalysis-based technique known as the eigencanceler, is used. Performance of this technique is compared to the performance of the generalized likelihood ration (GLR) processor. This comparison is done using the clutter edge model, in which there is an abrupt change in the clutter power in the reference window. It is shown that the false alarm rate fluctuations, of the cell …

Design For Quality Manufacturability Analysis Of Total Nonconformity Damaged Parts, Samir R. Gami

Theses

The competitive nature of modern manufacturing, demands that innovative approaches be applied in order to have a competitive edge. Shortening the product development cycle, the period from initial design to full production, is a priority for most manufacturers today. The DFQM methodology addresses the issue of quality manufacturability (QM) - the likelihood that defects will occur during manufacture of a product in a standard plant. As a consequence, DFQM helps to shorten the design cycle time. The DFQM architecture identifies a variety of design factors and variables that influence specific defects. This process of influencing defects can be described by …

Gabor Expansion Of An Equivalent Dipole Antenna, Oksana Manzhura

Theses

The Gabor representation in the context of an aperture problem is an expansion of a radiated field in terms of a discrete set of linearly shifted and spatially rotated elementary Gaussian beams. The parameters that can be varied in this summation are the number of beams and corresponding beam widths. As the difficulty associated with the unique determination of the expansion coefficients was alleviated, the method has been successfully applied to one and two dimensional apertures. Although, the asymptotic evaluation of expansion functions has reduced the computational burden drasticallym it was at the expense of some loss in accuracy. The …

Small Computer System Interface (Scsi) Universal Services For The Turbonet Parallel Computer, Artak Ohan Melkonian

Theses

TurboNet is a parallel computer with shared-memory and message-passing hybrid architecture. It employs two boards, with four digital signal processors (DSPs) each, and a host FORCE SPARC CPU-2CE board with a SCSI bus.

Software has been developed in this thesis to provide SCSI services to programs running on the DSPs. DSP programs can therefore fully control assigned SCSI devices at the SCSI command level. Transfer control modifiers ensure compatibility with most SCSI devices.

The software provides service for three SCSI access levels. The "su" SCSI universal device driver is built into the host computer's kernel and is a gateway to …

Characterization Of Low Pressure Chemically Vapor Deposited Boron Nitride Films As Low Dielectric Constant Materials, Manish Narayan

Theses

Boron nitride thin films were synthesized on Si and quartz wafers by low pressure chemical vapor deposition using borane triethylamine complex and ammonia as precursors. The films were processed at 400°C, 475°C and 550°C at a constant pressure of 0.5 Torr and at different precursor flow ratios.

The films deposited were uniform, amorphous and the composition of the films varied with deposition temperature and precursor flow ratios. The thickness of the film increased with increasing flow ratio, but, decreased with increasing temperature. The stresses in the film were either mildly tensile or compressive.

The least dielectric constant for the films …

Signal Processing Techniques In Heart Rate And Systolic Arterial Blood Pressure Variability Studies, Christopher O'Bara

Theses

Power spectral analysis of heart rate and systolic arterial blood pressure variability provides a window to the activity of the autonomic nervous system. To derive power spectra from raw blood pressure and electrocardiogram signals, many steps of signal processing must be performed. Most popular methods of spectral analysis require evenly spaced samples; therefore interpolation and resampling techniques must be used.

The results of the present study indicate that different interpolation techniques result in spectral distortions that vary depending upon the interpolation methods used as well as physiological parameters such as heart and respiration rate. Different interpolation methods applied to heart …

Design And Development Of Four To Sixteen Channel Video Multiplexers, Ronan Rahimi

Theses

Video multiplexer series were successfully designed and built for prototype and evaluation both in terms of hardware and software. The hardware platform was designed to accommodate up to sixteen color video input channels for time lapse or real time recording on a single video cassette recorder. This product implements four modes of operation; Live, Record, Playback and Menu mode, which is not a full mode of operation. Menu mode is a series of on-screen programming menus which appears on Live, Record and Playback modes. Menu mode enables the user to program the machine to work under specific modes of application. …

Linearly Tapered Slot Antenna, Luis Alberto Tumialan

Theses

Design procedure for Linearly Tapered Slot Antennas (LTSA) has been developed and implemented using High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) code based on a finite-element analysis.

A CAD study of two variations of a LISA based on either a stripline or a microstrip feed has been carried out. Circular and radial stubs have been considered in these designs for an antenna operating at 10 Ghz. LTSA on a Duroid substrate fed by a stripline has been designed to operate with better than 12 dB return loss. Fabricated antenna was characterized and had even a wider response than the CAD design. Radiation …

A Comparative Study Of Image Compress Schemes, Kui Wang

Theses

Image compression is an important and active area of signal processing. All popular image compression techniques consist of three stages: Image transformation, quantization (lossy compression only), and lossless coding (of quantized transform coefficients).

This thesis deals with a comparative study of several lossy image compression techniques. First, it reviews the well-known techniques of each stage. Starting with the first stage, the techniques of orthogonal block transformation and subband transform are described in detail. Then the quantization stage is described, followed by a brief review of the techniques for the third stage, lossless coding.

Then these different image compression techniques are …

Determination Of Physical Parameters Affecting Biofiltration Of Vocs, Steven Matthew Wojdyla

Theses

This study dealt with the determination of physical and design parameters affecting the transient behavior of classical biofilters employed in removal of VOCs from airstreams. The column packing material consisted of a mixture of peat and perlite particles (2:3, v:v). The design parameters investigated were the density of the packing material, its porosity, and the void fraction of the filter-bed. The physical parameters investigated were the characteristics of adsorption equilibrium between VOCs and packing material, and the mass transfer coefficients of VOCs to the packing material.

The density of the packing material was found to be 0.679 x 106 g-packing/ …

Design And Analysis Of Environmentally Safe Cooling Systems For Machine Tools, Haiping Xu

Theses

Many cooling systems of metal cutting and both their advantages and disadvantages have been reviewed. The cutting forces' relationships, stress distribution, energy consumption and heat generation of orthogonal processes are discussed. A two-dimensional finite element model has been developed to design and analyze a new proposed cooling device, which comes from the idea of "A Novel Cooling Device" proposed by Billatos et al. First, a thermal calculation is completed to compare the temperature difference between two different shapes of coiled pipe. Then, three different cutting conditions, which were considered in the experiments by Childs et al, are conducted under three …

An Optimistic Concurrency Control Mechanism Based On Clock Synchronization, Myoung Jin Park

Theses Digitization Project

No abstract provided.

Design And Analysis Of A 2-Stroke Linear Cam Engine, Hatem Mohamed Wasfy

Archived Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Approximate Trigonometric Expansions With Applications To Signal Decomposition And Coding, Qurban A. Memon

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

Signal representation and data coding for multi-dimensional signals have recently received considerable attention due to their importance to several modern technologies. Many useful contributions have been reported that employ wavelets and transform methods. For signal representation, it is always desired that a signal be represented using minimum number of parameters. The transform efficiency and ease of its implementation are to a large extent mutually incompatible. If a stationary process is not periodic, then the coefficients of its Fourier expansion are not uncorrelated. With the exception of periodic signals the expansion of such a process as a superposition of exponentials, particularly …

Cavity Model Analysis Of Microstrip Ring Antennas Using Green's Functions, Javier Gomez Tagle Rangel

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

Microstrip ring antennas have been experimentally tested by several researchers due to their specific radiation characteristics that make them very suitable for many applications, from medical uses to mobile communications. Ring antennas have been found to have a larger bandwidth compared to other conventional types of microstrip patch antennas. Further more, their size is smaller when compared to circular and rectangular resonant structures. The TM1m modes (m = 2,4,6 .. , where m represents radial variations) radiate conical beams in the broadside direction, while TM nl modes (n = 2,4,6 .. , where n represents azimuthal variations) have a radiation …

Jitter And Wander Reduction For A Sonet Ds3 Desynchronizer Using Predictive Fuzzy Control, Kevin Blythe Stanton

Dissertations and Theses

Excessive high-frequency jitter or low-frequency wander can create problems within synchronous transmission systems and must be kept within limits to ensure reliable network operation. The emerging Synchronous Optical NETwork (SONET) introduces additional challenges for jitter and wander attenuation equipment (called desynchronizers) when used to carry payloads from the existing Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy (PDH), such as the DS3. The difficulty is primarily due to the large phase transients resulting from the pointer-based justification technique employed by SONET (called Pointer Justification Events or PJEs). While some previous desynchronization techniques consider the buffer level in their control actions, none has explicitly considered wander …

Investigation Of Electrotribological And Arc Erosion Behavior Of Cu-15vol.%Cr In Situ Composite, Zhongyu Chen

Masters Theses

Electrotribological and arc erosion behavior of Cu-15vol.%Cr in situ composite was investigated in terms of coefficient of friction, interfacial resistance, bulk temperature, and wear rate as a function of normal pressure, sliding speed, and electrical current. Microstructural change due to electrical sliding was studied to understand wear mechanisms. Cu-15vol.%Cr in situ composite was selected in this research because it exhibits an excellent combination of mechanical strength and electrical/thermal conductivity.

It was found that the average coefficient of friction decreased with increasing electrical current under dry electrical sliding. The average coefficient of friction was lower under lubricated electrical sliding than that …

Testreview 1.0: User’S Manual, John Chituanya Okoli

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

A Doctoral Degree In Aviation Science: The Need, Curriculum Content, And Other Considerations As Perceived By Aviation Educators Holding Doctoral Degrees, Barry Robert Beck

Theses and Dissertations

The primary purpose of this study was to determine if there is a need for a doctorate in aviation, what content areas should be included in the doctoral program, and what type of degree should an aviation doctoral program establish, as perceived by doctorally-prepared aviation educators. A two-round Delphi method was used to obtain a consensus from a group of doctorally-prepared experts on the content areas for doctoral programs in nonengineering aviation science. The panel of 100 experts were all doctorally-prepared and were members of the University Aviation Association, or if not members of the UAA, were working in collegiate …

Computing Optimal Cocomo Effort Multiplier Values And Optimal Casebase Subsets Using Monte Carlo Methods, Robert Joseph Maidhof

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

There have been many studies performed and techniques applied to solve the problem of estimating man-month effort for software projects. Despite all the effort expended to solving this problem the results achieved from the various techniques have not been embraced by the software community as very reliable or accurate. This thesis uses Monte Carlo methods to obtain optimal values for COCOMO effort multipliers which minimize the average of the absolute values of the relative errors (AARE) of man-month estimate for two industry supplied casebases. For example, when using three COCOMO cost drivers (complexity, language experience, application experience) and the COCOMO …

Analysis Of Threaded Joint Behavior In An Airbag Module Assembly, Rustam Chemat

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

While some of think of our cars as simply "buckets of bolts", the proper design choices, applications, and assemblies of threaded fasteners/bolted joints play critical roles in automobile safety.

Supplemental Restraint Systems (SRS), more commonly known as airbags, help prevent vehicle occupants from being thrown forward into the dashboard or windshield in the event of a collision. The components comprising the airbag, the inflator, the backing plate, and the cover are connected to each other, and to the vehicle, through a series of threaded fasteners. Proper and timely deployment of the airbag depends largely on the selection of suitable threaded …

Analysis Of Frequency Selective Surfaces With Ferrite Substrates, Youcheng Liu

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

Frequency selective surfaces (FSS) have numerous applications in several microwave and optical systems. Most frequency selective surface structures have one or more dielectric substrates. In this work, instead of traditional dielectric substrates, ferrite substrates are used under different dc bias conditions. By using ferrite materials, one can change the spectral properties of these structures without physically altering them. An applied magnetic field (dc bias) on the ferrite substrate changes its properties and hence the electrical dimensions of the elements comprising the periodic structure. Thus by simply applying a dc bias, the transmission and reflection properties of the periodic structure can …

Semantic Correlation Of Behavior For The Interoperability Of Heterogeneous Simulations, Christopher James Dean

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

A desirable goal of military simulation training is to provide large scale or joint exercises to train personnel at higher echelons. To help meet this goal, many of the lower echelon combatants must consist of computer generated forces with some of these echelons composed of units from different simulations. The object of the research described is to correlate the behaviors of entities in different simulations so that they can interoperate with one another to support simulation training. Specific source behaviors can be translated to a form in terms of general behaviors which can then be correlated to any desired specific …