Engineering Commons^™

Permeable Curbs For Storm Water Pollution, Aldo Hernandez, Drew Johnson, Marcio Giacomoni

Data

One of the problems that increased urbanization poses is storm water pollution. Several control measures exist that are used to treat and reduce pollution in our waterways, one of those being permeable concretes; but these have not been widely adopted. The goal of this project was to develop a permeable curb apparatus that could be used in retrofitting conventional streets. The permeable curb is comprised of a permeable concrete mix with a perforated pipe running through its center, this allows for water to filter through the porous concrete and continue downstream through the perforated pipe which would eventually lead to …

Coupled Situational Awareness System To Improve Transportation Infrastructure Performance During Extreme Events, Hatim Sharif, Samer Dessouky, Md Jobair Bin Alam, Raghava Kommalapati, Hongbo Du Ph.D

Data

The dense road networks and numerous low water crossings throughout Texas may be contributing to the higher recurrence rates of floods that pose a danger to vehicles. A timely issue that should be addressed by researchers is the compounding of disaster. Flooding can be combined with other life-threatening occurrences such as power loss and interruptions of health and emergency services. During these events, rescue requests from the stranded communities overwhelm the emergency response facilities; impassable roadways and the paucity of reliable information on the affected areas and their accessibility hamper emergency response operations, causing several detours and delays that put …

Feasibility Of Low-Enriched Uranium Fueled Nuclear Thermal Propulsion In The Low-Thrust Region Below 16klbf, Samantha B. Rawlins, Dale L. Thomas

PRC-Affiliated Research

No abstract provided.

Examining Drivers’ Behaviors To Connected And Automated Vehicles, Hany Hassan, Taniya Sultana

Data

It is envisioned that Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVs) are the future of transportation as they can assist in minimizing some inefficiencies with the current transport systems. However, it is not clear how drivers of conventional vehicles would interact with CAVs in a mixed traffic environment containing both CAVs and human driven vehicles (HDVs). Thus, this study aims to investigate drivers’ behaviors towards CAVs through driving simulation experiment and national survey study. Two on-ramp and two off-ramp driving simulation scenarios were designed where drivers were asked to merge with two-lane highway in presence of HDVs and CAVs truck platoon in …

Tactics Ideation Experiment Data, Thomas L. Ashworth, Carl D. Sorensen

ScholarsArchive Data

This data includes the template worksheets, as well as filled worksheets that include ideas written by the participants in a research experiment. This experiment tested the effectiveness of a novel tactics ideation method (i.e., Random Prompts method) to a modified Brainwriting method. Transcribed copies of this data are also included.

Accompanying the data are experiment briefing presentations, Python code for rapid evaluation of the data (the evaluation methods themselves were also developed by the authors), a spreadsheet file with evaluation data (this is a necessary input to the code), and organizational trees (for team idea sets) associated with the evaluation …

Effectiveness Assessment Of E-Ticketing Technology In Construction Of Transportation Projects, Sharareh Kermanshachi, Karthik Subramanya

Data

The construction of highway infrastructure has devoted significant resources towards e-Construction to reduce the paperwork and automate the tasks in daily operations. Electronic Ticketing (e-Ticketing) is one such component of e-Construction that aids in the digital transfer of material tickets such as asphalt and concrete which accounts for more than fifty per cent of construction costs. Despite the benefits of e-Ticketing, many state departments and agencies are unwilling to transition into this technology. No studies have identified the cause of the delay in the implementation process, developed a framework to comprehend the platform's full potential, quantified savings, and suggested strategies …

Alternative Supplementary Cementitious Materials In Ultra-High Performance Concrete, Craig Newtson, Seyedsaleh Mousavinezhad, Gregory J, Gonzales, William K. Toledo, Judit M. Garcia

Data

Ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) is an emerging material with remarkable mechanical and durability properties that contains large amounts of cementitious materials. Silica fume is a main supplementary cementitious material (SCM) in UHPC, however, it is more expensive than cement and other SCMs, so it is often substituted with inexpensive class F fly ash. Unfortunately, future availability of fly ash is uncertain as the energy industry moves toward renewable energy. Fly ash shortages create an urgent need to find cost-effective and environmentally-friendly alternatives for fly ash. This study investigated replacing cement, fly ash, and silica fume in UHPC mixtures with ground …

Using Rice Husk Ash (Rha) As Stabilizing Agent For Problematic Subgrade Soils And Embankments, Zahid Hossain, Rifat Bulut, Fares Tarhuni, Hussein Al-Dakheeli

Data

Arkansas produces the most of the rice in the United States. About 20% of poddy is rice husk (RH), which is burnt under controlled conditions to produce rice rusk ash (RHA). The RHA is considered an environmental hazard and a significant challenge for rice millers. However, RHA is rich in pozzolanic material, which is mainly silica. In this study, RHA is used to stabilize poor soils. Another commonly used stabilizer, hydrated lime (HL), has also been evaluated for comparison purposes. Thus, this study aimed to determine the optimum percentages of RHA, HL, or a combination of these two agents by …

Covid-19 And Traffic Safety: Exploring Exposure, Crash Frequency And Severity, And Roadway And Network Design, Nicholas N. Ferenchak Ph.D

Data

Early COVID-19 lockdowns in the first half of 2020 largely kept people at home, thereby reducing motor vehicle traffic levels. Theoretically, reduced traffic exposure should have resulted in reduced motor vehicle crashes. However, a variety of factors may have complicated this relationship. In order to better understand the impact of COVID-19 lockdowns on traffic safety outcomes, we explore fatalities, injuries, and total crashes before and during the lockdowns on both the national and state levels. We provide descriptive statistics and create negative binomial regressions exploring the role of vehicle, user, and built environment factors on traffic safety outcomes. Findings suggest …

Development Of Distress Index Prediction Models For Rehabilitation Treatments In Louisiana Using Advanced Machine Learning Techniques, Momen R. Mousa, Marwa Hassan

Data

Performance prediction models are used by state agencies to predict future trends in distress indices, hence, determining the required maintenance and/or rehabilitation treatment as well as the deterioration rate and remaining pavement service life. However, most of these models are based on a limited number of parameters and cannot predict the performance distress indices reliably. Such limitation resulted in having, most of the time, a maximum prediction period of five years. As a solution and coping with the ever-increasing size of pavement data, machine learning techniques have become a promising alternative. The objective of this study was to develop a …

Increasing Bridge Durability And Service Life With Lidar Enhanced Unmanned Aerial Systems (Uas), Fernando Moreu, Mahsa Sanei, Chris Lippitt

Data

Bridge construction inspections require quantitative measurements and location information. The conventional approach is visual inspection, which in general, is rather time-consuming, expensive due to traffic closure, subjective, and needs special access. Therefore an automated rebar layout detection algorithm was developed to quickly extract quantitative rebar layout information from the LiDAR data. This systematic method can automatically cluster the bridge elements from a 3D point cloud by using LiDAR-equipped UAS data collection and unsupervised machine learning techniques. A new automated inspection system using a LIDAR-equipped UAS can eventually if developed and tested be more reliable as well as less expensive. In …

Using Scratch Wound Assay To Study The Effect Of Soil Arsenic On Human Keratinocyte Cell Migration Due To Contact Exposure, Manas Warke, Laura De March, Srinivas Kannan, Madeline English, Rohan Sarkar, Rupali Datta, Smitha Rao

Michigan Tech Research Data

The scratch wound assay was performed on Human immortalized keratinocytes (HaCaT) cells to observe the effect on cell migration due to contact exposure to arsenic-contaminated Immokalee soil. The cell migration was observed through a microscope for 72 h. HaCaT cells were seeded in 48-well plate. On day 3, treatment media was added (n=8). The cells were treated with four concentrations of soil As (45, 225, 450, and 900 mg/kg) and two controls - Negative control (NC; Pure media) and control (C; 0 mg/kg soil As) for 72 h. A scratch was made using a pipette tip. The wound healing was …

Using Scratch Wound Assay To Study The Effect Of Soil Arsenic On Human Dermal Fibroblasts Cell Migration Due To Contact Exposure, Manas Warke, Laura De Marchi, Srinivas Kannan, Madeline English, Rohan Sarkar, Rupali Datta, Smitha Rao

Michigan Tech Research Data

The scratch wound assay was performed on Normal Human Primary Dermal Fibroblasts (HDFa) cells to observe the effect on cell migration due to contact exposure to arsenic-contaminated Immokalee soil. The cell migration was observed through a microscope for 72 h. HDFa cells were seeded in 48-well plate. On day 3, treatment media was added (n=8). The cells were treated with four concentrations of soil As (45, 225, 450, and 900 mg/kg) and two controls - Negative control (NC; Pure media) and control (C; 0 mg/kg soil As) for 72 h. A scratch was made using a pipette tip. The wound …

Flow And Heat Transfer In Swirl Tubes — A Review, Florian Seibold, Phillip M. Ligrani, Bernhard Weigand

PRC-Affiliated Research

The development of modern gas turbines for aircraft propulsion and power generation demands ever-increasing efficiency, which can be achieved by rising the turbine inlet temperature. Therefore, turbine components and especially the leading edge of turbine blades are exposed to particular high thermal loads with temperatures that are well above the melting point of the material. As a result, efficient cooling techniques are essential. Swirling flows in cyclone cooling systems are a promising technique for internal turbine blade leading edge cooling since they promise high heat transfer rates in combination with relatively uniform heat transfer distributions. The current paper presents a …

Globule Masks-Exact.Zip, Ananad K. Nambisan, Norsang Lama, Jason Hagerty, Colin Smith, Ahmad Rajeh, Thanh Phan, Samantha Swinfard, R. Joe Stanley

Deep Learning-based Dot and Globule Segmentation with Pixel and Blob-based Metrics for Evaluation – Data

No abstract provided.

Images.Zip, Ananad K. Nambisan, Norsang Lama, Jason Hagerty, Colin Smith, Ahmad Rajeh, Thanh Phan, Samantha Swinfard, R. Joe Stanley

Deep Learning-based Dot and Globule Segmentation with Pixel and Blob-based Metrics for Evaluation – Data

No abstract provided.

Globule Masks-Dilatedellipsekernel3.Zip, Ananad K. Nambisan, Norsang Lama, Jason Hagerty, Colin Smith, Ahmad Rajeh, Thanh Phan, Samantha Swinfard, R. Joe Stanley

Deep Learning-based Dot and Globule Segmentation with Pixel and Blob-based Metrics for Evaluation – Data

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Different Crash Data Variables On Ems Response Time For A Rural County In Alabama, Sneha R. Vanga, Phillip M. Ligrani, Mehrnaz Doustmohammadi, Michael Anderson

PRC-Affiliated Research

Response time of Emergency Medical Services (EMS) is an important factor related to preventable deaths in road crash incidents. This study focuses on analyzing the effects of different independent variables on the EMS Response Time (ERT). Independent variables considered for this investigation are travel time, day of the week, crash severity, weather, time of the day, and lighting condition. Understanding outcomes resulting from variations of the considered parameters on ERT is crucial to minimize the possibility of adverse outcomes which are tied to different types of injuries, and vital to limit the prospect of fatalities. Crash data used for this …

Field Retrofit And Testing Of A Corroded Metal Culvert Using Gfrp, Mahmoud Reda Taha, Susan Bogus, Mohammed Abdellatef, Daniel Heras Murcia

Data

One of the current pressing problem for all DOTs is the corrosion-oriented deterioration of the existing metal culverts. These metal culverts typically are designed for a life of 50 years. However, corrosion is making them last no longer than 30years. Here we propose use of Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymers (GFRP) pipe section as a fit-in GFRP profile liner for complete repair and rehabilitation of the corroded metal culvert with an expected life of 75 years. This is mainly because of the corrosion free nature of the GFRP material. In the current study, the design method for using glass fiber-reinforced polymer …

Experimental Study Of Turbulent Flow Heat Transfer And Pressure Loss Over Surfaces With Dense Micro-Depth Dimples Under Viscous Sublayer, Peng Zhang, Yu Rao, Phillip M. Ligrani

PRC-Affiliated Research

Presented are experimentally-measured heat transfer and pressure loss characteristics for dimpled surfaces, placed along one surface of a channel, with different ratios of dimple depth to channel height δ/H, and for Reynolds numbers ranging from 10,000 to 70,000. With the same relative dimple spacing to dimple print diameter, and the same ratio of dimple depth to dimple print diameter of δ/d = 0.20, experimental results for arrays of spherical indentation dimples with micro depths of δ = 0.6 and 1.0 mm (δ/H = 0.03 and 0.05) are compared with thermal characteristics for arrays of larger dimples with δ = 4.0 …

Flow Structure And Surface Heat Transfer From Numerical Predictions For A Double Wall Effusion Plate With Impingement Jet Array Cooling, Hwabhin Kwon, Phillip M. Ligrani, Sneha Reddy Vanga, Heesung Park

PRC-Affiliated Research

To provide additional understanding of double wall cooling arrangements, especially local distributions of flow properties which are responsible for hot-side surface and cold-side surface heat transfer variations, investigated are numerically-simulated distributions of turbulent flow structural characteristics. Also considered are numerically-simulated surface heat transfer characteristics, including comparisons with experimentally-measured distributions. The numerical results are obtained using the ANSYS FLUENT Version 19.1 numerical code, with a k-ω SST turbulence model. The present arrangement includes a full-coverage effusion cooling plate, with coolant initially supplied by an impingement jet array. Considered are the effects of effusion blowing ratio, impingement jet Reynolds number, and streamwise …

Flow And Heat Transfer Characteristics In A Pre-Swirl Rotor-Stator Cavity, Xiaoyu Yang, Zhong Ren, Jing Ren, Philip M. Ligrani

PRC-Affiliated Research

The present study investigates flow and heat transfer characteristics in a rotor-stator pre-swirl system. Considered are rotational Reynolds numbers ReФ ranging from 3.4 × 105 to 6.8 × 105, with jet Reynolds numbers Rew of approximately 8.8 × 104 to 3.81 × 105, and associated turbulent flow parameter λT = Cw/ReФ0.8 varying from 0 to 0.4. Experimentally-measured and numerically-predicted results illustrate the combined and separate influences of jet impingement and rotor entrainment, as they affect and govern flow and heat transfer characteristics within the cavity. These results show that the relative strength of the two effects varies with ReФ and …

Ems Response Time Analyses For A Rural County Using Geographically Weighted Regression With Different Kernel Weighting Functions, Sneha R. Vanga, Phillip M. Ligrani, Mehrnaz Doustmohammadi, Michael Anderson

PRC-Affiliated Research

A Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) is considered to compare results provided using two different kernel weighting functions: adaptive bi-square kernel and adaptive Gaussian kernel. To provide a baseline reference comparison, resulting data are also considered relative to Global Regression Analysis (GRA) calculations, which are obtained without the inclusion of geographical variability location data. For the analysis, data associated with a total of 214 crash cases for the dates between January 2016 and December 2019 are studied for a rural county in Alabama. Associated crash records are extracted from the Critical Analysis Reporting Environment (CARE) database. Six independent variables, including travel …

Characterization Of Effective Diffusion Within Viscoelastic Fluids With Elastic Instabilities, Valerie Hietsch, Phillip Ligrani, Mengying Su

PRC-Affiliated Research

We considered effective diffusion, characterized by magnitudes of effective diffusion coefficients, in order to quantify mass transport due to the onset and development of elastic instabilities. Effective diffusion coefficient magnitudes were determined using different analytic approaches, as they were applied to tracked visualizations of fluorescein dye front variations, as circumferential advection was imposed upon a flow environment produced using a rotating Couette flow arrangement. Effective diffusion coefficient results were provided for a range of flow shear rates, which were produced using different Couette flow rotation speeds and two different flow environment fluid depths. To visualize the flow behavior within the …

Non-Contact Heart Rate Estimation In Low Snr Environments Using Mmwave Radar, Chandler J. Bauder, Aly E. Fathy

Faculty Publications and Other Works -- EECS

Extracting accurate heart rate estimates of human subjects from a distance in high-noise scenarios using radar is a common problem. Often, frequency components from sources such as movement and vital signs from other subjects can overpower the weak reflected signal of the heart. In this study, we propose a signal processing scheme using a state-of-the-art Adaptive Multi-Trace Carving algorithm (AMTC) to accurately detect the heart rate signal over time in non-ideal scenarios. In our initial proof-of-concept results, we show a low heart rate estimation mean absolute error (MAE) of 3bpm for a single subject marching in place and less than …

Modeling Crash Severity And Collision Types Using Machine Learning, Amit Kumar, Hari Krishnan Melempat Kalapurayil

Data

Traffic safety analysis is the fundamental step for reducing economic, social, and environmental cost incurred due to traffic accidents. The essence of traffic safety is understanding the factors affecting crash occurrence, injury severity and collision type and their underlying relationships and predict-prevent future crash instances. Crash injury severity studies in past have utilized numerous statistical, econometric and Machine Learning (ML) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools to extract the underlying relationship between the crash causal factors and the consequent severity or collision type. The study aims to explore the Multi-Label Classification (MLC) tool from the domain of Artificial Intelligence (AI) for …

Using Satellite Images Datasets For Road Intersection Detection In Route Planning, Fatmaelzahraa Eltaher, Susan Mckeever, Ayman Taha, Jane Courtney

Datasets

Understanding road networks plays an important role in navigation applications such as self-driving vehicles and route planning for individual journeys. Intersections of roads are essential components of road networks. Understanding the features of an intersection, from a simple T-junction to larger multi-road junctions is critical to decisions such as crossing roads or selecting safest routes. The identification and profiling of intersections from satellite images is a challenging task. While deep learning approaches offer state-of-the-art in image classification and detection, the availability of training datasets is a bottleneck in this approach. In this paper, a labelled satellite image dataset for the …

Dielectric Analysis To Predict Moisture Absorption In Structural Composites: A Data-Driven Approach, Partha Pratim Das, Monjur Morshed Rabby, Vamsee Vadlamudi, Rassel Raihan

Institute of Predictive Performance Methodologies (IPPM-UTARI)

Due to continual exposure to moist environment, environmental degradation is a major threat to structural composites throughout their service life. Impedance Spectroscopy (IS)/Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopy (BbDS) is a reliable nondestructive method that has been used in polymer industries for dielectric characterization of material. While moisture absorption causes irreversible changes in the polymer matrix composites, it also alters the electrical properties of the system which is detectable using BbDS. Since the physics that drives the change in electrical characteristics is driven by the modifications imposed by water molecules (whether free or bound), both events can be linked. A dielectric spectrum over …

Moisture Content Prediction In Polymer Composites Using Machine Learning Techniques, Partha Pratim Das, Monjur Morshed Rabby, Vamsee Vadlamudi, Rassel Raihan

Institute of Predictive Performance Methodologies (IPPM-UTARI)

The principal objective of this study is to employ non-destructive broadband dielectric spectroscopy/impedance spectroscopy and machine learning techniques to estimate the moisture content in FRP composites under hygrothermal aging. Here, classification and regression machine learning models that can accurately predict the current moisture saturation state are developed using the frequency domain dielectric response of the composite, in conjunction with the time domain hygrothermal aging effect. First, to categorize the composites based on the present state of the absorbed moisture supervised classification learning models (i.e., quadratic discriminant analysis (QDA), support vector machine (SVM), and artificial neural network-based multilayer perceptron (MLP) classifier) …

The Effect Of Plasma Treatment On The Cure Behavior Of Out-Of-Life Prepregs And An Investigation Of The Mechanical Properties Of Composite Parts Manufactured From Plasma-Treated Prepregs, Monjur Morshed Rabby, Partha Pratim Das, Minhazur Rahman, Vamsee Vadlamudi, Rassel Raihan

Institute of Predictive Performance Methodologies (IPPM-UTARI)

Many industries, including aircraft, automobiles, and marine, are using prepreg (pre-impregnated fibers and a partially cured polymer matrix) to manufacture composite parts to achieve optimum fiber and resin volume ratio and part repeatability. Since prepregs have a short out oflife (i.e., the maximum storing time allowed at room temperature), they must be stored in refrigerators at low temperatures, which, if not maintained, have an unfavorable influence on the intended quality of the final product. For the present study, glass/epoxy prepregs (expired out-life) were plasmatreated before being used to make the composite part to compensate for the room temperature aging effect. …