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Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Digital Signature Signing Server Project Management And Client Support, Frederick Penrose, Dr. Gordon Romney Sep 2013

Digital Signature Signing Server Project Management And Client Support, Frederick Penrose, Dr. Gordon Romney

Journal of Undergraduate Research

With the ever increasing move to electronic documents in every industry and field, digital security is becoming a greater concern for everyone. Various departments within BYU have the concern of distributing images to the public and in-turn persons from the public fraudulently change the images and then claim that their modified image is the original. The mission of our project was to create a method for which the integrity of the image is preserved to produce a unique “Digital Signature” on the object at the time of archival. The objective of the Digital Signature Signing Server (DS3 ) project is …

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Securing Engineering For The Future: An Inquiry-Base Approach To Teaching Engineering In Grades 6-12, Ryan Anderson, Dr. Jared Berrett Sep 2013

Securing Engineering For The Future: An Inquiry-Base Approach To Teaching Engineering In Grades 6-12, Ryan Anderson, Dr. Jared Berrett

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The basis behind inquiry-based learning is that questions are being asked and answers are being found. On that same note problems are being presented and solutions are being discovered. Inquiry-based learning and instruction allows for personal growth and choice in education on the part of the student. It doesn’t eliminate the role of the teacher, but it places the teacher in the position of facilitator. The goal of the facilitator is to create an environment where students can begin to make connections with previous learning, add to that learning new knowledge, and then form their own conclusions to find solutions.

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Friction Stir Welding Of Hsla Steel, Sterling Anderson, Dr. Tracy Nelson Sep 2013

Friction Stir Welding Of Hsla Steel, Sterling Anderson, Dr. Tracy Nelson

Journal of Undergraduate Research

In response to industrial need for a high-strength, weldable, malleable, and corrosion resistant steel the United States Navy developed a high-strength, low-alloy steel known as HSLA 65. Because of its superior mechanical properties and low cost, HSLA 65 is being increasingly used in pipeline, naval, and automotive industries. The important structural role it plays in these industries requires not only that it be weldable, but that, once welded, it maintain specified strength, ductility, and chemical composition values to avoid failure during extreme loading conditions. To achieve these properties, HSLA requires an efficient welding method that will not degrade its strength. …

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Evaluation Of Numerical Models For Prediction Fatigue Life Of Cement-Treated Pavement Base Layers, Rebecca Crane, Dr. W. Spencer Guthrie Sep 2013

Evaluation Of Numerical Models For Prediction Fatigue Life Of Cement-Treated Pavement Base Layers, Rebecca Crane, Dr. W. Spencer Guthrie

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Cement treatment of aggregate base materials has been utilized in pavement construction since the 1930s (1). The addition of cement increases the strength and stiffness of the treated material and therefore offers greater structural support to the surface layer and greater protection of the underlying subgrade. However, the use of excessive amounts of cement can produce overly stiff base materials that exhibit brittle behavior under heavy traffic loading; the susceptibility of cement-treated base (CTB) materials to cracking increases with increasing stiffness.

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Microfabrication Of Electron Sources, Jeffrey Maas, Dr. Aaron Hawkins Sep 2013

Microfabrication Of Electron Sources, Jeffrey Maas, Dr. Aaron Hawkins

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Microfabrication of Electron Sources as it applies to Chemical Sensors has been a useful project. With the decreasing dimensions of the handheld mass spectrometer it is becoming increasingly more important to develop an on board electron source for localized source emission. This project has been undertaken as of November of 2005 and continues to be an important aspect of research. This project has proven to be one of larger proportions than envisioned at first outset. Despite all that has yet to be done progress has been made. Sacrificial Layers have been identified as well as potential metals for the electron …

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Improving Micro Air Vehicles, Andrew Hosford, Dr. Deryl Synder Sep 2013

Improving Micro Air Vehicles, Andrew Hosford, Dr. Deryl Synder

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Recently, there has been increased interest in the development of micro air vehicles (MAVs) (Figure 1) to perform reconnaissance, surveillance, and other small operations best suited for air vehicles with maximum dimensions of six inches. In order to develop successful air vehicles, it is imperative to have correct fluid flow modeling. As of late, current modeling tools used to design and analyze full-scale aircraft do not work well for MAVs[1]. This lack of appropriate tools has lead current research to take a trial and error approach to design of MAVs—a very expensive and inefficient technique.

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Synthesis Of A Polymeric Micelle That Can Target And Attach To Specific Tissues, Douglas S. Lewis, Dr. William Pitt Sep 2013

Synthesis Of A Polymeric Micelle That Can Target And Attach To Specific Tissues, Douglas S. Lewis, Dr. William Pitt

Journal of Undergraduate Research

In the past decade, many efforts have been made to improve chemotherapeutic treatments for cancer patients. One of the specific efforts seeks to actively deliver anti-cancer drugs to the target tissue rendering the chemotherapy more efficient and less damaging to nearby uninfected cells.

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Peo-Ppo-Pla: An Anti-Cancer Drug Carrier Subtitle (If Applicable), James Lattin, Dr. William Pitt Sep 2013

Peo-Ppo-Pla: An Anti-Cancer Drug Carrier Subtitle (If Applicable), James Lattin, Dr. William Pitt

Journal of Undergraduate Research

For over a decade ultrasound enhanced drug delivery systems have been under development. These systems often use polymeric molecules that form micelles. In aqueous solutions (such as blood), a spherical micelle is formed as the hydrophilic ends of the molecules interact with the solution and the hydrophobic ends are pushed to the inside of the sphere where they can interact with each other.

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Numerical Modeling Of Chloride Profiles In Concrete Bridge Decks With Stay-In-Place Metal Forms, Aimee Worthen Birdsall, Dr. Spencer Guthrie Sep 2013

Numerical Modeling Of Chloride Profiles In Concrete Bridge Decks With Stay-In-Place Metal Forms, Aimee Worthen Birdsall, Dr. Spencer Guthrie

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Chloride penetration into concrete is the main cause of the rapid deterioration of concrete structures due to corrosion of reinforcing steel . This problem is especially a concern in chloride-laden environments. However, these chlorides cannot stop being applied because they are applied as deicing salts to maintain traffic during winter months. A solution many departments of transportation have investigated is to cut off the transportation path of these aggressive ions by adding a barrier between the concrete surface and the chloride agents . However, departments of transportation vary in their ideas about when this surface treatment should be applied.

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Real-Time Path Planning For Unmanned Air Vehicles, Andrew Curtis, Dr. Randal Beard Sep 2013

Real-Time Path Planning For Unmanned Air Vehicles, Andrew Curtis, Dr. Randal Beard

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Unmanned Air Vehicles (UAVs) have become an important research topic in recent years. Military and civilian groups desire to use UAVs for several purposes, including surveillance, search and rescue, communications relays, and warfare. In the MAGICC Lab at BYU, we are researching low-cost methods of using miniature UAVs (wingspan of less than 2 meters) for these applications. We have developed a small autopilot to fly these UAVs and are able to give them commands by wireless communication from a laptop that is used as a ground station. With this research platform, we are able to easily test our methods and …

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Managing Traffic On The Information Super Highway, Robert W. Walthall, Dr. Mark Clement Sep 2013

Managing Traffic On The Information Super Highway, Robert W. Walthall, Dr. Mark Clement

Journal of Undergraduate Research

This research was conducted to determine the effectiveness of a method of controlling the flow of traffic on the information highway. A new network protocol, Asynchronous Transfer Mode, is being developed to support applications that will run on the infohighway. These applications will include current data transfers such as surfing the net and carrying local area network traffic across the country, but it will also support things like video on demand, distance learning, and video conferencing.

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Base Enlarged Microfluidic Channels For Capillary Chromatography And Electrophoresis, Craig L. Christianson, Dr. Aaron Hawkins Sep 2013

Base Enlarged Microfluidic Channels For Capillary Chromatography And Electrophoresis, Craig L. Christianson, Dr. Aaron Hawkins

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The purpose of this project is to build a microfluidic channel using the planar thin film method while increasing the cross-sectional area of the channel by extending the base of the channel down into the substrate.

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Evaluation Of A Compliant Out-Of-Plane Micro-Mechanical Mechanism, Jeff Young, Dr. Larry Howell Sep 2013

Evaluation Of A Compliant Out-Of-Plane Micro-Mechanical Mechanism, Jeff Young, Dr. Larry Howell

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Much research is being done around the world in the field of micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS). MEMS are devices such as linkages, actuators, gears and motors built on a scale of microns. MEMS have many potential applications in medical science, electronics and other areas where smaller, more intricate, and more innovative solutions are continually required. Essential to the practicality of MEMS is the ability to design for predictable and reliable behavior. The extremely small size of these devices presents difficulty in realizing a design. Joining separate elements into operative assemblies is very difficult at the micro scale. A sound solution to …

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Stress-Induced Development Of Human Vocal Fold Morphology, Kendall Teichert, Dr. Scott Thomson Sep 2013

Stress-Induced Development Of Human Vocal Fold Morphology, Kendall Teichert, Dr. Scott Thomson

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Ramig and Verdolini state: “it has been estimated that 3% to 9% of the total population in the United States has a voice disorder.” One way to better understand voice disorders is to learn about the development of the structures and properties, or morphology, they affect. Much study has been done on the morphology of the human vocal folds. As explained by Hirano et al the vocal fold is made up of two parts: a cover (mucosa) and body (muscle). Hirano further explains that the mucosa is composed of various layers which include the mucosa epithelium and the lamina propria. …

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Charpy Impact Study Of Friction Stir Welded X-65 Steel, David Segrera, Dr. Tracy Nelson Sep 2013

Charpy Impact Study Of Friction Stir Welded X-65 Steel, David Segrera, Dr. Tracy Nelson

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Industrial need for a high-strength, ferritic steel exhibiting desirable weldability, malleability, and corrosion resistance properties has led to the development of high strength, low alloy (HSLA) X-65 Steel. This class of steel uses small amounts of alloying material and very little carbon to make it more corrosion resistant than normal carbon-containing steels. As HSLA has gained popularity in automotive, naval, and other industries, the inherent need for better welding processes has arisen.

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A Self-Powered Wireless Microphone, Joel Neff, Dr. Brian D. Jensen Sep 2013

A Self-Powered Wireless Microphone, Joel Neff, Dr. Brian D. Jensen

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The idea for our project was to use vibrations from the human vocal folds to harvest energy during speech. This energy would then be used to power a wireless throat microphone, which would acquire a speech signal and then transmit it to a fixed receiver for communications systems. The measurements we took estimated that human vocal folds could produce vibrations with amplitudes on the order of 1-5 m/s2 at the skin surface on the throat. One research study done by Shad Roundy at UC-Berkeley demonstrated that a device capable of producing 300 µW of power could be driven off of …

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Tumor Drug Concentration Due To Ultrasonic Drug Delivery, Bryant Staples, Dr. William Pitt Sep 2013

Tumor Drug Concentration Due To Ultrasonic Drug Delivery, Bryant Staples, Dr. William Pitt

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The tri-block copolymer, Pluronic P105, has been found to be an ideal ultrasonically activated drug delivery vehicle because it forms micelles with hydrophobic polypropylene oxide cores that sequester hydrophobic drugs (Fig. 1). These micelles release their contents upon the application of low frequency ultrasound [1] such that drugs can be released specifically at the ultrasonicated region (Fig. 2). Such ultrasonically controlled release has been effective against cancer cells in vitro [2] and in vivo [3].

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Effect Of Water Concentration During Polymerization Of A Hydrogel On Swelling And Mechanical Properties, Justin J. Baker, Dr. William Pitt Sep 2013

Effect Of Water Concentration During Polymerization Of A Hydrogel On Swelling And Mechanical Properties, Justin J. Baker, Dr. William Pitt

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Hydrogels are polymers that absorb water and thus swell in the presence of water and/or body fluids. Hydrogels have been used in many drug-delivery and medical applications.1 One such application is to apply a thin coating of a hydrogel to the outer surface of a hearing aid to eliminate acoustic feedback. Acoustic feedback is the high-pitched squeal caused by an incomplete seal between the hearing aid and the surface of the ear canal. This incomplete seal allows amplified sound to escape and be re-amplified by the hearing aid. By coating a hearing aid with a hydrogel, the humidity and oils …

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Unnecessary Compaction Effort Due To The 95% Fixation, Aaron B. Smith, Dr. Travis Gerber Sep 2013

Unnecessary Compaction Effort Due To The 95% Fixation, Aaron B. Smith, Dr. Travis Gerber

Journal of Undergraduate Research

When soils are compacted, they become stronger and experience less settlement. Because of these improved characteristics, soils are usually compacted to some specified level before a foundation is built on top of them. The difficulty encountered is how to determine what the specified level of compaction should be. Currently, the standard in industry has been to compact almost all foundation soils to a minimum of 95% of the maximum laboratory density. Why do engineers almost without exception choose 95%? As stated by Monahan, (1994) industry appears to be fixated with 95%. Should there be a guideline for selecting what this …

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Earthquakes: How Will Gravelly Soils Respond?, Thomas J. Weaver, Dr. Kyle M. Rollins Sep 2013

Earthquakes: How Will Gravelly Soils Respond?, Thomas J. Weaver, Dr. Kyle M. Rollins

Journal of Undergraduate Research

During earthquakes some soils loose their strength and flow like a liquid. This phenomenon is known as liquefaction. For many years, engineers and scientists have been studying the occurrence of liquefaction in silty and sandy soils. Recently, engineers and scientists have learned that gravelly soils can also liquefy under earthquake loadings. Many dams throughout the world have been constructed using gravelly soils. Much work is now being conducted in the United States to determine the safety of earthfill dams under earthquake loadings.

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Scar Effects On Vocal Fold Vibration, Todd Groesbeck, Dr. Scott Thomson Sep 2013

Scar Effects On Vocal Fold Vibration, Todd Groesbeck, Dr. Scott Thomson

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The influence of scarring on the vocal folds is of great interest to the speech community. Surgeons, educators, and vocalists all have interest in understanding what causes vocal fold damage, and how such damage may be repaired. Frequently, repair requires surgery, and the surgery may result in scarring. Scarring results in impaired vibration, thus altering the quality of the individual’s voice.

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Digital Signature Signing Server Archiving Method For Secure Data, Hoan Do, Gorden Romney Sep 2013

Digital Signature Signing Server Archiving Method For Secure Data, Hoan Do, Gorden Romney

Journal of Undergraduate Research

In a world where digital information can be so easily altered it is essential to protect the original content of digital files from unauthorized changes. This is especially important with digital images such as maps or historical documents. If these images are provided to the world for research or public use then proof must be provided showing that no alterations have been made and that the image contains exactly what it should. The DS3 project will create a digital signature system that will uniquely sign digital image files and provide a process to validate each file according to the individual …

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Bioremediation Of Contaminated Groundwater Development Of Bio-Wall Technology, Lyn Bobincheck, Dr. W. Vincent Wilding Sep 2013

Bioremediation Of Contaminated Groundwater Development Of Bio-Wall Technology, Lyn Bobincheck, Dr. W. Vincent Wilding

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Contaminated groundwater results from uncontrolled release of wastes such as fuel and industrial solvents. This contamination is cleaned up through several methods including bioremediation. Current methods of bioremediation include traditional pump and treat, bioventing, and bio-walls. Bio-walls are a new, promising technology described by several researchers.1,2 The purpose of this research was to determine the state of the art bio-wall technology, and to present a bio-wall design which optimizes necessary parameters for bioremediation.

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Visual Based Reverse Engineering, C. Porter Bassett, Dr. C. Greg Jensen Sep 2013

Visual Based Reverse Engineering, C. Porter Bassett, Dr. C. Greg Jensen

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Reverse engineering, or the process of taking an implemented idea and taking it back to the design stage, has many applications in many different types of engineering. One common application of reverse engineering is to take a manufactured part, measure its dimensions and shape, and then make new drawings or Computer-Aided Design (CAD) models of the part. When done manually, this is a very tedious process that includes measuring dimensions and manually inputting them into the CAD program. This also leaves a lot of room for human error either on measuring the part or inputting the dimensions. The reverse engineering …

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Wind Field Classification For Satellite Scatterometer Fieldwise Wind Estimation, Charles G. Brown, Dr. David G. Long Sep 2013

Wind Field Classification For Satellite Scatterometer Fieldwise Wind Estimation, Charles G. Brown, Dr. David G. Long

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Since near-surface ocean winds affect global climate, several space-borne instruments have been deployed to measure ocean winds. The most widely known of these instruments are the satellite scatterometers, such as the Seasat Scatterometer (SASS), the NASA Scatterometer (NSCAT), and the Active Microwave Instruments (AMI) aboard the European Remote Sensing satellites ERS-1 and ERS-2. All of these devices measure near-surface ocean wind by transmitting microwave radiation to the ocean’s surface and then measuring the power level of the radiation scattered back to the satellite. The recorded power measurements provide information on the roughness of the ocean’s surface. Since wind alters the …

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Computational Analysis Of Prosthetic Voice-Producing Elements, Britton Olson, Dr. Scott L. Thomson Sep 2013

Computational Analysis Of Prosthetic Voice-Producing Elements, Britton Olson, Dr. Scott L. Thomson

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Many voice disorders impede normal speech production. In severe cases such as laryngeal carcinoma, the total laryngectomy procedure is required, resulting in the loss of the natural ability to produce sound for speech. In this case synthetic forms of speech are employed. One method of synthetic speech that has demonstrated potential is a “voice-producing element” (VPE) . Recent VPE designs consist of two latex membranes within a cylindrical housing that is placed in the tracheoesophageal wall in a “double-reed” configuration. Air flowing from the lungs between the membranes results in regular, large-amplitude, self-sustained vibrations. The membranes are loaded on the …

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Ultra-Small Scale Hydroelectric As A Supplemental Energy Source, Andrew Thompson, Dr. Daniel Maynes Sep 2013

Ultra-Small Scale Hydroelectric As A Supplemental Energy Source, Andrew Thompson, Dr. Daniel Maynes

Journal of Undergraduate Research

For centuries water has been used as a source of power; from the middle ages where waterwheels were used for simple mechanical tasks to the 21st century where large hydroelectric power plants supply megawatts of electricity to the power grid. In recent decades developing and remote regions in Tibet, Laos, Uganda and parts of Latin America, have begun using small scale hydroelectric generators to provide electricity to their areas. With the rising concerns of greenhouse gas emissions, developed nations have also begun to look into ‘small scale hydro.’1

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Development Of Models Of Laryngeal Cartilage Using Mri Images, Brianne Hamilton, Dr. Scott L. Thomson Sep 2013

Development Of Models Of Laryngeal Cartilage Using Mri Images, Brianne Hamilton, Dr. Scott L. Thomson

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The study of vocal fold vibration allows for greater understanding of how speech production occurs and of the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of associated physiological disorders. Until now an environment to test vocal fold models which are anatomically similar in both form and function has not been available. It was necessary to have a larynx model in which artificial vocal folds can be placed and subjected to conditions found in the human body in order to attain a more comprehensive understanding of vocal folds and their function. This project was part of a team working with Dr. Scott L. Thomson …

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Fiber-Optic Chemical Sensor, John D. Gordon, Dr. Stephen Schultz Sep 2013

Fiber-Optic Chemical Sensor, John D. Gordon, Dr. Stephen Schultz

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Volatile organic compounds (VOC’s) are valuable throughout many industrial and academic settings. These chemicals, however, often raise environmental and health related concerns. For example, chlorinated hydrocarbons (CHC’s) are often used as cleaning solvents but have significant ozone depleting potential. In addition, many CHC’s are known human carcinogens, requiring restrictions to their use.

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Polyurethane (Pu) Foam Synthesis And Lean Manufacturing An Effective Business Suitable In Developing Countries, Sebastian Acosta, Danny Parades, Dr. Robert Todd Sep 2013

Polyurethane (Pu) Foam Synthesis And Lean Manufacturing An Effective Business Suitable In Developing Countries, Sebastian Acosta, Danny Parades, Dr. Robert Todd

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Our ORCA project was motivated by the realization that many South American countries have not taken full advantage of the polyurethane industry. The manufacturing of PU and its applications may contribute to the economic and social growth in less-developed nations. This may be accomplished if this potential industry is appropriate for development by small/medium enterprises and other business partnerships. The main goal of our ORCA research project was to learn by study and personal experience if the synthesis of PU foam truly is a suitable business in developing nations.

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