Engineering Commons^™

The Lewis-Matheson Method On Computer, William Raymond Castner

Theses

Lewis and Matheson, in the early 1930's, developed a manual calculation technique for the solution of multicomponent distillation problems. The object of this study was to see if there would be any advantage to using the Lewis-Matheson method, once incorporated onto a computer, over current multicomponent distillation solution techniques. The immediate advantage of using the L-M technique is that it requires fewer preliminary calculations than other computer methods. It was found that the L-M technique uses about half the execution time of a typical Newton-Raphson program, while using only one tenth the computer core (memory). This was not intended to …

Kinetics Of Biodegradation Of Phenol And 2,6-Dichlorophenol, Samir Shrikant Desai

Theses

Biological removal of phenol up to 600 ppm and 2,6-dichlorophenol up to 20 ppm was studied in a well aerated fill-and-draw reactor of 41 capacity at 26 C using an activated sludge obtained from the municipal treatment plant in Livingston, N.J. Experimental evaluation of kinetic parameters showed that biodegradation of both phenol and 2,6-DCP followed zero-order kinetics. As expected, the lag time for both compounds was considerably reduced when acclimated sludge was used. However, the metabolism of 2,6-DCP was very slow even for preacclimated sludge, requiring about 36 hours to degrade only 15 ppm.. This was markedly improved by the …

Data Acquisition And Parameter Identification In Electro-Oculography, Wolfgang Poelzleitner

Theses

Electro-Oculography (EOG) is used in clinical ophthalmology to measure the time response of the corneoretinal potential (CRP) to changes in light intensity. An automatized data acquisition and system modeling link has been developed that significantly reduces processing time presently required for EOG. The data acquisition is performed on a microprocessor based instrument, which supervises the EOG-test, measures the potential and, after completion of the test, transfers the results to a mainframe computer. Parameter identification routines provide graphical representation and mathematical models for the CRP. Both nonlinear curve fitting methods and Least Squares System Identification schemes are used.

Preparation And Characterization Of Blocked Isocyanate Monomer Polymer And Equilibrium Constant Of Deblocking, Kirti P. Kamdar

Theses

A 2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) adduct of toluene 2-4 diisocyanate (TDI) was prepared in petroleum ether at 35-40°C under nitrogen. In order to prepare the monomer, equimolar amounts of TDI and HEMA were reacted with P-cresol which functions as a blocking agent.,Di-butyltin dilaurate was used as a catalyst and chloranil was used as an inhibitor. The solid monomer which was obtained was recrystallized, and polymerized in chloroform using azobis isobutyronitrile as initiator.

Monomer and polymer were characterized using infrared spectroscopy, melting point, liquid chromatography gel permeation chromatography. A vapor pressure osmometric study of the polymer in three different solvents at three …

The Quantitative Determination Of The Elemental Composition Of Coal Fly Ash Samples Using X-Ray Fluorescence, Joseph R. Cervassi

Theses

Bulk constituent elements contained in coal fly ash were measured by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy in eight samples. Four samples were used as calibration standards for the spectrometer since their compositions were previously determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. Calibration coefficients of the standards were calculated with computer assisted regression analysis of the fluorescence spectra, and used to determine the composition of the remaining four samples. The compositions of the latter four samples, as predicted by X-ray fluorescence, were then compared to atomic absorption results. X-ray fluorescence and atomic absorption results agree best when the concentrations of elements in the standards are …

Mathematical Modeling Of The Unsteady State Glucose And Insulin Concentrations In Blood For Normal Subjects And Diabetics, Tung Shih

Theses

A mathematical model of the blood-glucose regulatory system has been developed. This model describes an oral glucose tolerance test adequately and simulates the behavior of the real physiological system using computer techniques.

Regression of the rate constants involved have been effected by conforming the theoretical functions to the data from glucose tolerance test in nonobese normal subjects, obese normal subjects, nonobese mild diabetics, obese mild diabetics, nonobese moderate diabetics and obese moderate diabetics measured by continuous sampling after oral ingestion. Most of the data were conformed within the limits of experimental error. The result of optimal parameters lead to a …

Finite Element Analysis Of The Femoral Head, Ghandikota Ramamurthy

Theses

Femoral component loosening and Prosthetic stem fractures have renewed interest in conservative alternatives to conventional total hip replacements. One such alternative is the concept of surface replacement. The objective in this study is a finite element analysis of a femoral surface replacement cup with Particular attention given to the interfacial stresses. An axisymmetric model with a grid of two-dimensional isoparametric elements is generated. This study utilizes an adaptive model so as to include the effect of bone remodeling in response to stress. The stiffness is considered to be linearly proportional to the stress in the femoral head and neck. Isotropic …

The Operational Utility Of The Walton-Mckersie Attitudinal Structuring Model In Collective Bargaining, Donald Warren

Theses

This work is an heuristic inquiry into behavioral change theory designed for application to labor/management interaction in collective bargaining. The theory itself was postulated by Richard E. Walton and Robert B. McKersie in their book A Behavioral Theory Of Labor Negotiations. The principles of their theory are highly axiomatic and their importance and validity can only be recognized through applied empirical analyses that demonstrate or refute its concept.

The aspect of the theory which is the focal point of this research pertains to the structuring and restructuring of attitudes and attendant relationships resulting from the collective bargaining process. The objective …

Mathematical Modeling Of Mass Transfer In A Hollow Fiber Dialyzer, Tzyy-Kai Yu

Theses

A mathematical model describing the flow characteristics and mass transfer has been developed for the hollow fiber dialyzer in countercurrent dialysis.

The theoretical expressions are developed from a typical Graetz problem for the stream side, and a first order differential equation for the dialyzate side. The solution of the dimensionless concentration profile is obtained as a summation of orthogonal eigenfunctions in closed form, which are given as product of an exponential function and a confluent hypergeometric function.

The analytical solution of the model has been examined by adjusting system parameters, like Sherwood number, Peclet number and the geometry of the …

Computer Simulation Of Cavity Filling During Injection Molding Process, Sumit Banerjee

Theses

A numerical technique is proposed for the simulation of cavity filling process during injection molding of glass-bead filled polypropylene. The mold cavity is of cylindrical shape. Marker And Cell (MAC) method is utilized for solving the transient flow phenomena, after a mathematical simulation of the flow model is carried out by using the relevant continuity and-momentum equations governing the system. The complexity of the equations involved, results in the simplifying assumption of incompressible and isothermal flow process. A computer program is written on the basis of finite-difference equations developed during the application of MAC method under the prevailing conditions.

The …

Automation Considerations For A Manufacturing System, Marvin Fachuan Wang

Theses

This thesis examines the present manufacturing system of Apollo Valve Company, a solenoid control valves manufacturing. After analyzing the present system, the automation considerations and proposed new system were recommended.

Chapter 1 presenti the background material of automation and manufacturing system. The development of the automated factory is also included. The plant layout, organization, and departments functions of the present system are briefly described in the Chapter 2. Analysis of the present manufacturing system by the production volume, by plant layout, and by the manufacturing operations, is discussed in Chapter 3.

Proposed automation considerations and improvements, such as group technology …

One-Dimensional Compressible Flow Analysis : Isentropic And Normal Shock, Su-Bo Wong

Theses

A computer program to compute and analyse one-dimensional isentropic compressible flow through variable cross-sectional area with or without a normal shock is developed. The program is written in the "FORTRAN LANGUAGE".

In this work, the area change is the predominant cause of change of flow condition. One of the advantage of this program is set on general uses for isentropic flow. In common practice, the values of the isentropic flow property ratios were tabulated or graphically presented as function of the Mach number with a specified specific heat ratio, K (normally K=1.40 was presented). With todays technology, the most versatile …

Behavior Of Channel-Shaped Reinforced Concrete Columns Under Combined Biaxial Bending And Compression, Dureseti Chidambarrao

Theses

The inelastic behavior of irregular shaped reinforced concrete columns has been a constant concern for a structural engineer, to design a safe and economic structure in modern buildings and bridge piers. The shape of the elements in a reinforced concrete structure may be used to optimize its structural strength, to make better use of the available space, to improve the aesthetic appearance of the structure, or to facilitate construction. Due to the locations of the columns, the shapes of the buildings and the nature of the applied loads, many columns are subject to combined biaxial bending and axial load.

Seven …

Analysis And Tests [Of] L-Shaped Reinforced Concrete Column Under Combined Biaxial Bending And Axial Compression, Alaedin Majlesi

Theses

A total of five tests on biaxially loaded column specimens were conducted to investigate the complete behavior of load-deformation characteristics from zero load until failure. The specimens were tested under horizontal position with 60 ton hydrolic jack. Pin end was used for both ends to obtain higher accuracy of plotting curves.

Two specimens were tested with dial gages to obtain load-deflection curves and the other three specimens were tested with demec and strain gages to obtain load strain and moment-curvature curves. The strain gages were measured by weston bridge and deme-gages were measured by mechanical dial gage.

The above moment-curvature …

The Role Of Electrical Noise In Screening Transformers Prone To Failure, Rajeev D. Shirodkar

Theses

Insulation used as a barrier between the high voltage and low voltage windings of a transformer has sites of in- homogeneities like pinholes, cracks or voids, developed during the manufacturing process. Thus, these minute air pockets are stressed much more than the solid dielectric, on the application of a voltage stress, because the dielectric constant of the solid insulation is many times that of the air dielectric. As a result, excitation or ionization takes place in the air (gases). The amount of excited or ionized molecules is proportional to the volume of the inhomogenei- ties within the insulation.

Therefore, experiments …

Simulation Of Rotational Molding, Hersel Ahdout

Theses

A computer program is written in FORTRAN IV to simulate the Rotational Molding process based on the discrete technique suggested by Progelhof and Throne. This program employs three techniques of Finite Difference, Euler's, Crank Nicolson's, and pure implicit, with their inherent accuracy and cost limits. The program has the capability of updating the variable parameters of polymer as the temperature rises, which eventuall leads to the closest simulation possible to the actual experiment.

Computer Simulation Of The Human Hypophysial-Ovarian System, Robert Charles Blencowe

Theses

In order to more adequately simulate the human pituitary-ovarian cycle further refinements were made to the original Bogumil and Feng computer models. This involved the inclusion of equations which mathematically describe the peripheral conversion of prehormones and a subroutine showing the effect of plasma proteins, TeBG, CBG, and albumin on the total concentration of estradiol, progesterone, testosterone, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone and estrone.

Once the models were functioning properly, values for the normal state and for the disease condition, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCO), were obtained. In most cases there exists good agreement between the results reported in the literature and those generated …

Designing Cost Effective Pump Suction Systems Using Statistical Correlation Techniques To Estimate Vessel Elevation Costs, Neil J. Bernstein

Theses

In order to minimize total costs (investment plus operating costs) when elevating process equipment to meet hydraulic requirements, it is essential to establish cost effective and energy efficient pump suction systems. During the early stages of design of such systems it is most critical that preliminary costs be determined in a timely manner to avoid job delays. One method of accomplishing this is through the use of a cost estimating relationship for defining the price behavior of alternative pump suction systems. This thesis describes the procedure used to develop a mathematical model to predict the cost of elevating vertical drums. …

An Experimental System For Observation Of The Rat Coronary Microcirculation Using Digital Image Processing, Wolfgang Braun

Theses

A system was constructed which allows direct observation of the coronary microcirculation of the beating rat heart. An EKG triggered strobe is used on the microscope light source to "stop" the action of the beating heart so the surface microvessels can be observed di rectly under the microscope. Experimental results are recorded on videotape and played back for frame-by-frame analysis of the data using digital Image processing techniques such as digital filtering, image extraction, image enhancement and edge detection.

The application of image enhancement techniques (high order and low order enhancement methods ) as well as edge detection using a …

Accuracy And Convergence Of Finite Element Approximations, Gwo-Tar Chang

Theses

In the design of structure, the engineer seeks to determine the distribution of stresses throughout the structure or the displacements at certain points of the structure. The finite element method is a numerical analysis technique for obtaining approximate solutions to engineering problems that are not amenable to closed form solutions.

In this work the triangular element and the rectangular element in plane stress are employed in the development of the formulation of element stiffness equations. The effect of the number of elements on the convergence to the analytical solution was investigated. Similar study using rectangular elements was also carried out …

Preparation Of Aniline-Formaldehyde Ion-Exchanger Fiber : Part I : Polymer Synthesis And Fiber Curing, Ching-Hsin Chen

Theses

Aniline-Formaldehyde polymer was synthesized by a new procedure ( as opposed to the conventional approach ). With an equal molar ratio of aniline and formaldehyde and a small amount of oxalic acid, the resulted polymer is free from gels and is suitable for fiber transformation.

The polymer is a transparent yellowish resin, having a melting range between 100-115C, and an average molecular weight 1200. The polymer was intended to be the precursor material for ion-exchange fibers. However, due to the time limit, this thesis only covers the work of polymer synthesis, fiber spinning and the identification of an crosslinker.

Among …

Industrial Parameters For Applying New Technology, Michael Cimino

Theses

Industrial Parameters for Applying New Technology is a paper devoted to the study of the role 'of' robots in today's manufacturing environment. Industry looks forward to robotic technology to solve, its declining productivity dilemma. The purpose of this paper is to' aid a Prospective robot buyer in selecting the appropriate application and in particular a suitable robot for that application. A listing of robot performance characteristics, criteria chart, and evaluation table were developed to guide the engineer through the necessary steps required in selecting a successful robot application.

The history of robotics is discussed briefly along with an explanation of …

Design Criteria For Employee Alcholism Programs, Lee G. Conover

Theses

This thesis is an examination and evaluation of treating employee alcohol-related problems through a counseling program. Special attention has been given to the many aspects that must be considered for the implementation of a successful counseling program.

To gather the data for this thesis, a successful counseling program was observed and members of its counseling program staff, medical, labor relations, and personnel departments, along with its union representatives, were interviewed in order to draw on their experience and expertise in organizing, implementing and maintaining such a counseling program. A counseling program consultant, a representative of the New Jersey Department of …

Selection And Problems Faced By The Handicapped In An Industry, Hemank Babulal Dharia

Theses

This thesis reports on the problems faced by handicapped workers placed in an industrial situation. It discusses some of the frustrations, aspirations and hopes of the disabled to find suitable work as well as the fears and misconceptions of employers who consider the employment of the handicapped.

There is discussed the work done by the author in designing jigs and fixtures to assist handicapped workers in production as well as the models of placement, job understanding and rehabilitation efforts.

The work was done at the Delaware County Branch of the Pennsylvania Association for the Blind, Chester, Pennsylvania where the author …

Computer Simulation Of The Respiratory System, Bruce Diner

Theses

The respiratory system was simulated utilizing a series of three models, each more complex than the previous. The first model simulated the respiratory system as a two compartment model driven by carbon dioxide concentration. The second model, also a two compartment model, simulated periodic breathing while the third model is a three compartment model and simulates acid-base balance disturbances.

In this study, the effects of hyperthyroidism and respiratory center depression on respiration premeasured utilizing the models to obtain data and then compare the results to known physiologic data.

Proposed Product Plan For A High Growth, High Technology Organization, Alan R. Eschbach

Theses

Analyzing and consequently redefining a corporation's product line or mix is an important task facing all manufacturing organizations. While this task is usually addressed in detail as part of an organization's business plan, it can be very disconcerting when an organization realizes that the markets and products that got them to where they are now will not necessarily be the ones that will give them the growth that they would like to realize. Redefining the product line can be even more critical to young, high technology organizations who have never done it before and have found themselves facing the possibility …

Managing And Controlling The Manufacturing Operations, Harish Doshi

Theses

No abstract provided.

Management Of The Interface Between Product Design And Production, Adam Fischer

Theses

The goal of this thesis was to identify some of the many obstacles which tend to, in some way or manner, delay the timely, satisfactory progression of new developments from becoming new profit items. These obstacles which are numerous are the results of personal observation plus research of many books and periodicals. The identification of the obstacles will hopefully result in their obviation. Notable accomplishments along these lines tend to:

1. Reduce the loss of opportunity to gain an appreciable market share.

2. Reduce investment/overhead cost by earlier recovery of cost through earlier marketing effort.

3. Reduce continuing engineering costs …

A Study Of Personal Conflict And Stress Among Engineering Personnel As Influenced By Corporate Policy, Stated And Unstated, Richard Brian Gordon

Theses

The following concepts are being challenged: That organizations are efficient, well-managed, and intelligent: that if one is to believe in any sort of authority, one must first accept the notion that it truly knows best and that it is not only competent, but well-intentioned; that organizations exist for the benefit of their employees and customers; that organizations reward dedication, competence, and performance: that if the organization is to grow it needs loyal sacrificing people; that organizations are dynamic and receptive to change; that if the employee is discouraged, do not worry, for tomorrow will be better; that to be useful …

Prediction Of Enthalpies Of Mixing With A Generalized Unifac Model, Steven Otto Hetzel

Theses

The UNIFAC model of Skjold-Jorgensen et al (1980), which incorporates a general temperature dependence for the coordination number is used in the correlation and prediction of heats of mixing for binary liquid mixtures. Correlation and prediction of n-alkanes and cyclic-alkanes with alkenes, ketones, aldehydes, esters, ethers, acids, nitriles, nitroalkanes, and aikynes have been performed in a temperature range of 0 to 100°C. Typical prediction and correlation errors of 5 to 20% are obtained using this model.