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Articles 601 - 630 of 1369
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Data Mining Techniques And Mathematical Models For The Optimal Scholarship Allocation Problem For A State University, Shuai Wang
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Enrollment Management and Financial Aid. Enrollment management is the term that is often used to describe the synergistic approaches to influence the enrollment of higher education institutions, and consists of activities such as student college choice, transition to college, retention, and graduation. Of all the factors, financial aid, institution rank, and tuition are the three most important ones that affect students' choice processes and matriculation decisions; as such, with the continuous increase of tuition over the years, financial aid serves as a marketing tool and plays an important role in attracting students. In the United States, in the 2012-2013 academic …
Layout Implementation Of A 10-Bit 1.2 Gs/S Digital-To-Analog Converter In 90nm Cmos, Vinay Kumar Chunchu
Layout Implementation Of A 10-Bit 1.2 Gs/S Digital-To-Analog Converter In 90nm Cmos, Vinay Kumar Chunchu
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Digital-to-analog converters are the interface circuits between digital and analog domains. They are used in data communication applications and different sorts of applications where transformation amongst digital and analog signals is needed. High-speed data converters are needed to match the bandwidth demands of the present-day communication systems. This thesis presents the layout implementation of a 10-bit current steering DAC with a sampling rate of about 1.2 GS/s using CMOS 90 nm technology. Current steering DAC topology is used in high-speed applications. The DAC in this thesis is designed using a segmented architecture in which 4 LSB current cells are binary …
An Automated Controller Design Methodology For Six Degree-Of-Freedom Aircraft Models, Dominic J. Dierker
An Automated Controller Design Methodology For Six Degree-Of-Freedom Aircraft Models, Dominic J. Dierker
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This thesis presents an automated design methodology for development of six degree-of-freedom aircraft controllers. The essential functions required of the controller design are 1) to provide sufficient inner loop compensation to guarantee dynamic stability and acceptable handling qualities over the full flight envelope, and, 2) to enable automated mission following capabilities through implementation of outer loop trackers. A hierarchical control architecture consisting of nested nonlinear dynamic inversion control loops is proposed as a means of achieving these top level objectives. Gain tuning based on an automated linearization methodology is then suggested. Next, an automated optimal control allocation algorithm is tested …
Electrical Power And Storage For Nasa Next Generation Aircraft, Saif Al-Agele
Electrical Power And Storage For Nasa Next Generation Aircraft, Saif Al-Agele
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Next generation aircraft will incorporate more electrical power generation and storage for both a distributed electric propulsion system and onboard subsystems. The power generation in this type of aircraft will require orders of magnitude higher than today’s commercial aircrafts, thus producing many challenges. For this reason, a unique, high-powered electric propulsion system primarily powered by a turbo-generator system with electrical storage is being considered. A Simulink/Matlab model has bee created for the electrical power system of the next generation blended wing commercial aircraft proposed by NASA. The components of the electrical system include turbo-generators, generators, battery banks, and electrical distribution …
Synthesis And Characterizations Of Lithium Aluminum Titanium Phosphate (Li1+Xalxti2-X(Po4)3) Solid Electrolytes For All-Solid-State Li-Ion Batteries, Jianping Yang
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New-generation low-emission transportation systems demand high-performance lithium ion (Li-ion) batteries with high safety insurance at broad operable temperatures. Highly conductive solid electrolyte is one of the key components for such applications. The objective of this thesis is to synthesize and characterize aluminum doped lithium titanium phosphate, i.e. Li1+xAlxTi2-x(PO4)3 (LATP), one of the solid-state electrolytes for potential applications to all solid-state lithium-ion batteries. In this research, sol-gel method and one step solid-state reaction approaches were explored and critical processes were optimized towards maximizing lithium ion conductivities at room temperature. The impacts of the processing conditions on the structures, morphologies, compositions of …
Investigation Of Residual Stresses In Melt Infiltrated Sic/Sic Ceramic Matrix Composites Using Raman Spectroscopy, Kaitlin Noelle Kollins
Investigation Of Residual Stresses In Melt Infiltrated Sic/Sic Ceramic Matrix Composites Using Raman Spectroscopy, Kaitlin Noelle Kollins
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Ceramic matric composites (CMCs) are being developed for use in extreme operating conditions. Specifically, there is interest to replace superalloys with Silicon Carbide/Silicon Carbide (SiC/SiC) CMCs in the hot section of gas turbine engines because of their lower densities, high temperature performance, and oxidation resistance. Residual stresses in SiC/SiC CMCs are a direct result of the high temperature processing conditions, a mismatch in the coefficients of thermal expansion between composite constituents, and silicon crystallization expansion upon cooldown. Understanding the residual stress state and magnitudes of these stresses will enable better prediction of behavior and life performance in application environments. This …
Calibration Models And System Development For Compressive Sensing With Micromirror Arrays, Rebecca L. Profeta
Calibration Models And System Development For Compressive Sensing With Micromirror Arrays, Rebecca L. Profeta
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Compressive sensing (CS) is an active research field focused on finding solutions to sparse linear inverse problems, i.e. estimating a signal using fewer linear measurements than there are unknowns. The assumption of signal sparsity makes solutions to this otherwise ill-posed problem possible and has lead to a number of technological innovations such as smaller and less expensive cameras that capture high resolution imagery, low-power radar systems, and accelerated MRI scanners. In this thesis, we present the development of a hardware CS imaging system using a Digital Micromirror Device (DMD) providing spatial light modulation via an array of micromirrors that can …
Harassment Detection On Twitter Using Conversations, Venkatesh Edupuganti
Harassment Detection On Twitter Using Conversations, Venkatesh Edupuganti
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Social media has brought people closer than ever before, but the use of social media has also brought with it a risk of online harassment. Such harassment can have a serious impact on a person such as causing low self-esteem and depression. The past research on detecting harassment on social media is primarily based on the content of messages exchanged on social media. The lack of context when relying on a single social media post can result in a high degree of false alarms. In this study, I focus on the reliable detection of harassment on Twitter by better understanding …
Semantic Web Foundations For Representing, Reasoning, And Traversing Contextualized Knowledge Graphs, Vinh Thi Kim Nguyen
Semantic Web Foundations For Representing, Reasoning, And Traversing Contextualized Knowledge Graphs, Vinh Thi Kim Nguyen
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Semantic Web technologies such as RDF and OWL have become World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) standards for knowledge representation and reasoning. RDF triples about triples, or meta triples, form the basis for a contextualized knowledge graph. They represent the contextual information about individual triples such as the source, the occurring time or place, or the certainty. However, an efficient RDF representation for such meta-knowledge of triples remains a major limitation of the RDF data model. The existing reification approach allows such meta-knowledge of RDF triples to be expressed in RDF by using four triples per reified triple. While reification is …
Automated Rendering Of Schema Diagram For Ontologies, Nazifa Karima
Automated Rendering Of Schema Diagram For Ontologies, Nazifa Karima
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Semantic Web extends the current web, using ontologies, metadata and other technologies to establish links between terms and concepts. This enables machines to automatically integrate information across different platforms utilizing the standard definitions. Furthermore, reasoning agents can infer new knowledge by gathering existing information and these additional connections between them. As a result of being designed and maintained independently, data sources exhibit highly heterogeneous nature. This increases the complexity of data integration and hinders interoperability. However, if we can align the overlapping concepts among different domains of knowledge, the prospect of achieving interoperability and integration without having any intermediate reasoning …
Adapting The Search Space While Limiting Damage During Learning In A Simulated Flapping Wing Micro Air Vehicle, Monica Sam
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Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) are characterized by closely coupled physical and software components that operate simultaneously on different spatial and temporal scales; exhibit multiple and distinct behavioral modalities; and interact with one another in ways not entirely predictable at the time of design. A commonly appearing type of CPS are systems that contain one or more smart components that adapt locally in response to global measurements of whole system performance. An example of a smart component robotic CPS system is a Flapping Wing Micro Air Vehicle (FW-MAV) that contains wing motion oscillators that control their wing flapping patterns to enable the …
Development Of An Ultra-Portable Non-Contact Wound Measurement System, Anka Babu Billa
Development Of An Ultra-Portable Non-Contact Wound Measurement System, Anka Babu Billa
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Continuous monitoring of changes in wound size is key to correctly predict whether wounds will heal readily with conventional treatment or require more aggressive treatment strategies. Unfortunately, existing wound measurement solutions don't meet the clinical demand due to their limitations in accuracy, operating complexity and time, acquisition and operation cost, or reproducibility, resulting in unnecessarily lengthy recovery or extra treatment procedures, incurring an excessively high financial cost, and in many cases extended usage of addictive painkillers. In this thesis, we proposed and developed a low cost, a portable non-contact solution that combines multi-spectral imaging and a portfolio of imaging processing …
Sensorimotor Deficits Following Oxaliplatin Chemotherapy, Jacob Adam Vincent
Sensorimotor Deficits Following Oxaliplatin Chemotherapy, Jacob Adam Vincent
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Neurotoxicity is one of the most significant side effects diminishing clinical efficacy and patient quality of life during and following chemotherapy. Oxaliplatin (OX) is a platinum based chemotherapy agent used in the treatment of colorectal cancer. Colorectal cancer currently ranks as the 4th most common cancer, and the majority of patients receive OX as a part of their adjuvant therapy. OX based adjuvant therapies significantly improve 5 year survival rates, however in many cases patients must stop treatment early because of the neurotoxic side effects. OX causes two clinically distinct forms of neurotoxicity. Acutely, within hours and for days following …
Novel Mechanisms Underlying Warm-Up And Percussion Myotonia In Myotonia Congenita, Kevin Richard Nnovak
Novel Mechanisms Underlying Warm-Up And Percussion Myotonia In Myotonia Congenita, Kevin Richard Nnovak
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Patients with myotonia congenita have muscle hyperexcitability due to loss-of-function mutations in the ClC-1 chloride channel in skeletal muscle, which causes spontaneous firing of muscle action potentials (myotonia), producing muscle stiffness. Triggers for myotonia can occur voluntarily at the neuromuscular junction or involuntarily by striking the muscle with a reflex hammer (percussion myotonia). In patients, muscle stiffness lessens with exercise, a change known as the warm-up phenomenon. Our goal was to identify the mechanism underlying warm-up and percussion myotonia and to use this information to guide development of novel therapies. To determine these underlying mechanisms, we used a drug to …
Persistent Inward Currents Play A Role In Muscle Dysfunction Seen In Myotonia Congenita, Ahmed Alaa Hawash
Persistent Inward Currents Play A Role In Muscle Dysfunction Seen In Myotonia Congenita, Ahmed Alaa Hawash
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Myotonia congenita is a rare skeletal muscle channelopathy caused by a reduced chloride channel (ClC-1) current, which results in debilitating muscle hyperexcitability, prolonged contractions, and transient episodes of weakness. The excitatory events that trigger myotonic action potentials in the absence of stabilizing ClC-1 current are not fully understood. My in vitro intracellular recordings from a mouse homozygous knockout of ClC-1 revealed a slow after-depolarization (AfD) that triggers myotonic action potentials. The AfD is well-explained by a tetrododoxin-sensitive and voltage-dependent Na+ persistent inward current (NaPIC). Notably, this NaPIC undergoes slow inactivation over seconds, thus providing the first mechanistic explanation for the …
Functions Of The Apical Na+/ K+/ 2cl- Cotransporter 1 In Choroid Plexus Epithelial Cells., Jeannine Marie Crum Gregoriades
Functions Of The Apical Na+/ K+/ 2cl- Cotransporter 1 In Choroid Plexus Epithelial Cells., Jeannine Marie Crum Gregoriades
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Choroid plexus epithelial cells (CPECs) secrete cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and regulate its electrolyte composition. CPECs express both the Na+/ K+ ATPase and the Na+/ K+/ 2Cl- cotransporter 1 (NKCC1) on their apical membrane (CSF facing), deviating from the typical basolateral membrane location in chloride secretory epithelia. Given this unusual location of NKCC1 and the unknown intracellular Na+ and Cl- concentrations of CPECs, the cotransporter function in these cells is not understood. Further, the direction of net ion and associated water fluxes mediated by NKCC1 under basal physiological conditions in CPECs …
Regulation Of The Expression And Activity Of Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase 3 (Erk3), Lobna Elkhadragy
Regulation Of The Expression And Activity Of Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase 3 (Erk3), Lobna Elkhadragy
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Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are Ser/Thr kinases that regulate diverse cellular processes. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 3 (ERK3) is an atypical MAPK that has recently gained interest for its roles in cancer. ERK3 promotes cancer cell migration, invasion and drug resistance, and its expression is upregulated in multiple cancers. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms that regulate ERK3’s expression and kinase activity. Here, we have identified the oncogenic polycomb group protein BMI1 as a positive regulator of ERK3 level in cancer cells. Mechanistically, BMI1 upregulates ERK3 expression by inhibiting the expression of the tumor suppressor microRNA (miRNA) let-7i, which …
Glycolytic Metabolism And Pregnancy Parameters In The Murine Placenta, Renee Elizabeth Albers
Glycolytic Metabolism And Pregnancy Parameters In The Murine Placenta, Renee Elizabeth Albers
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The placenta is a complex and essential organ composed largely of fetal-derived cells, including several different trophoblast subtypes that work in unison to support nutrient transport to the fetus during pregnancy. Abnormal placental development can lead to pregnancy-associated disorders that often involve metabolic dysfunction. The scope of dysregulated metabolism during placental development may not be fully representative of the in vivo state in defined culture systems, such as cell lines or isolated primary cells. Thus, assessing metabolic function in intact placental tissue would provide a better assessment of placental metabolism. In this study, we describe a methodology for assaying glycolytic …
Phospholipase D: Key Player In Macrophage-Mediated Inflammation And Resolution, Ramya Ganesan
Phospholipase D: Key Player In Macrophage-Mediated Inflammation And Resolution, Ramya Ganesan
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Phospholipase D (PLD) is a cell membrane remodeling and signaling protein implicated in the pathology of chronic inflammation. As PLD is also central to macrophage cell migration, we investigated the molecular basis of PLD's involvement and regulation in macrophage-initiated inflammation (atherosclerosis) and resolution. We have found that PLD is associated with signaling proteins and positively affects cell movement, phagocytosis and NADPH-initiated release of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). We found that PLD2 but not PLD1 is important for foam cell formation that causes atherogenesis. We have also found a novel way of inducing macrophage class-switch (polarization) by PLD overexpression. PLD induces …
Proteomic Analysis Of Ischemic Stroke Blood Biomarkers, April Arnold Daubenspeck
Proteomic Analysis Of Ischemic Stroke Blood Biomarkers, April Arnold Daubenspeck
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Stroke is a global burden that claims 6 million lives and permanently disables another 5 million each year. The risk of morbidity and mortality following stroke decreases when early diagnosis and treatment are achieved. However there is no blood test to diagnose ischemic stroke because biomarkers to date have not shown adequate sensitivity and specificity to be adopted into hospital protocols. The overall objective of this dissertation was to identify novel blood protein biomarkers of ischemic stroke. We achieved this by using a number of proteomic and statistical techniques to investigate the differential abundance of proteins in the blood of …
Making Meaning: Shifts In Meaningfulness Across Three Modeling Units, Jeannette Manger
Making Meaning: Shifts In Meaningfulness Across Three Modeling Units, Jeannette Manger
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Recent reform calls for a more comprehensive approach to science education that positions learners as constructors of knowledge via scientific practices (NRC, 2012; Osborne, 2014). This 'practice turn' shifts from passive science learning to incorporating science actions with epistemic thinking (Duschl & Grandy, 2013; Ford & Forman, 2006; Osborne, 2014; Shouse, Schweingruber, & Duschl, 2007). Teachers are often underprepared in understanding the nuances of scientific practices, and frequently struggle with supporting students in meaningful practice engagement (Abd-El-Khalick & Akerson, 2004; Crawford, 1999; Davis, Petish, & Smithey, 2006; Duschl & Gitomer, 1997). Here, I draw upon the Berland et al. Epistemologies …
Accelerated Hyperspectral Unmixing With Endmember Variability Via The Sum-Product Algorithm, Charan Puladas
Accelerated Hyperspectral Unmixing With Endmember Variability Via The Sum-Product Algorithm, Charan Puladas
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The rich spectral information captured by hyperspectral sensors has given rise to a number of remote sensing applications, ranging from vegetative assessment and crop health monitoring, to military surveillance and combatant identification. However, due to limited spatial resolution, multiple ground materials generally contribute, i.e. mix, to form the spectrum recorded for a single pixel. The unmixing problem considers the inverse problem of determining the underlying material spectra, called endmembers, from sensor measurements. While classical unmixing approaches were deterministic in nature and did not attempt to identify in-scene materials, recent methods use labeled training data to generate statistical models of endmember …
Novel Cell Killing Mechanism Of Hydroxyurea In The Fission Yeast Schizosaccharomyces Pombe And Its Implications In Improving Antifungal Therapy, Amanpreet Singh
Novel Cell Killing Mechanism Of Hydroxyurea In The Fission Yeast Schizosaccharomyces Pombe And Its Implications In Improving Antifungal Therapy, Amanpreet Singh
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Hydroxyurea (HU, also known as hydroxycarbamide) is a well known ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) inhibitor that depletes cellular deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs, the building blocks of DNA). Depleted dNTP pools inside the proliferating cells stalls ongoing DNA replication forks, leading to the activation of the well-conserved DNA replication checkpoint (also known as intra-S phase checkpoint) pathway. One of the major functions of the checkpoint pathway is to protect ongoing forks from collapsing. Stalled forks, if not protected by the checkpoint pathway, lead to DNA damage and ultimately cell death. Thus it is believed that DNA damage resulting from collapsed forks is the …
The Design And Experimental Investigation Of Novel Double-Blade Wind Turbine Models Inspired By Houck's Concept, Laura E. Carpenter
The Design And Experimental Investigation Of Novel Double-Blade Wind Turbine Models Inspired By Houck's Concept, Laura E. Carpenter
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Energy can be captured from wind turbines efficiently today. However there's always room for improvement up to the Betz's limit of 59.3% efficiency. A novel wind turbine blade was designed with double blade rotor inspired by Houck's concept in an attempt to improve the efficiency of the horizontal axis wind turbine. Scaled wind turbine models with a diameter of 150 mm were designed in SolidWorks adjusting the parameters of stagger, gap, and decalage. The general design comprises of two modern blades attached by a curved flow guide at the tip. Fourteen blade models were designed and tested to obtain power, …
An Electrolytic Capacitor-Less Approach To Eliminating Flicker In Led Lighting, Alex M. Kavouras Sr.
An Electrolytic Capacitor-Less Approach To Eliminating Flicker In Led Lighting, Alex M. Kavouras Sr.
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In today's lighting industry, there is a high demand for quality, long-lasting light bulbs. Light emitting diodes offer the means for long-life bulbs, while producing a quality output. The issue with the current state of solid-state lighting is how to drive LEDs and maintain their full potential. Many solutions offer either a long-life bulb or a high quality output. The trade-off for a long-lasting bulb typically comes with an output quality that is visibly or invisibly flickering. In order to effectively eliminate flicker from the output of the LED, a large output capacitor is needed. An electrolytic capacitor is a …
Feasibility Of Attaining Fully Equiaxed Microstructure Through Process Variable Control For Additive Manufacturing Of Ti-6al-4v, Sarah Louise Kuntz
Feasibility Of Attaining Fully Equiaxed Microstructure Through Process Variable Control For Additive Manufacturing Of Ti-6al-4v, Sarah Louise Kuntz
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One of the greatest challenges in additive manufacturing is fabricating titanium structures with consistent and desirable microstructure. To date, fully columnar deposits have been achieved through direct control of process variables. However, the introduction of external factors appears necessary to achieve fully equiaxed grain morphology using existing commercial processes. This work introduces and employs an analytic model to relate process variables to solidification thermal conditions and expected beta grain morphology at the surface of and at the deepest point in the melt pool. The latter is required in order to ensure the deposited microstructure is maintained even after the deposition …
Fuzzy Control Of A Hyperloop Mass Transit System, Joseph D. Plantz
Fuzzy Control Of A Hyperloop Mass Transit System, Joseph D. Plantz
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Fuzzy logic control of a Hyperloop is carried out in this thesis. Hyperloop is being described hypothetically as a fifth mode of mass transportation and is a registered trademark of Space Exploration Technologies Corporation (SpaceX). To inspire others to help in its development and make it a reality, the Hyperloop is being explored as open-source technology by SpaceX. In this thesis a near friction-less track is constructed and is fixed inside a tunnel. External fans are used to produce air pressure inside the tunnel to propel the vehicle down the track. Fuzzy Logic Control is used to stop the vehicle …
Educational Methods For Inverted-Lecture Computer Science And Engineering Classrooms To Overcome Common Barriers To Stem Student Success, Kathleen Timmerman
Educational Methods For Inverted-Lecture Computer Science And Engineering Classrooms To Overcome Common Barriers To Stem Student Success, Kathleen Timmerman
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New educational pedagogies are emerging in an effort to increase the number of new engineers available to enter the workforce in the coming years. One of the re-occurring themes in these pedagogies is variations of the flipped classroom. Often the additional classroom time gained from flipping is used to reinforce learning objectives. It is hypothesized that it might be more beneficial to students if a portion of that time is used to address common non-cognitive barriers that prevent students from succeeding in the major. In a freshman Introductory Computer Science course, three different pedagogies are compared: a hybrid lecture-active learning …
A Hybrid Approach To Aerial Video Image Registration, Karol T. Salva
A Hybrid Approach To Aerial Video Image Registration, Karol T. Salva
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Many video processing applications, such as motion detection and tracking, rely on accurate and robust alignment between consecutive video frames. Traditional approaches to video image registration, such as pyramidal Kanade-Lucas-Tomasi (KLT) feature detection and tracking are fast and subpixel accurate, but are not robust to large inter-frame displacements due to rotation, scale, or translation. This thesis presents an alternative hybrid approach using normalized gradient correlation (NGC) in the frequency domain and normalized cross-correlation (NCC) in the spatial domain that is fast, accurate, and robust to large displacements. A scale space search is incorporated into NGC to enable more consistent recovery …
Knowledge Driven Search Intent Mining, Ashutosh Jadhav
Knowledge Driven Search Intent Mining, Ashutosh Jadhav
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Understanding users' latent intents behind search queries is essential for satisfying a user's search needs. Search intent mining can help search engines to enhance its ranking of search results, enabling new search features like instant answers, personalization, search result diversification, and the recommendation of more relevant ads. Hence, there has been increasing attention on studying how to effectively mine search intents by analyzing search engine query logs. While state-of-the-art techniques can identify the domain of the queries (e.g. sports, movies, health), identifying domain-specific intent is still an open problem. Among all the topics available on the Internet, health is one …