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Articles 1 - 30 of 77
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Development Of A Combined Thermal Management And Power Generation System Using A Multi-Mode Rankine Cycle, Nathaniel M. Payne
Development Of A Combined Thermal Management And Power Generation System Using A Multi-Mode Rankine Cycle, Nathaniel M. Payne
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Two sub-systems that present a significant challenge in the development of high performance air vehicle exceeding speeds of Mach 5 are the power generation and thermal management sub-systems. The air friction experienced at high speeds, particularly around the engine, generates large thermal loads that need to be managed. In addition, traditional jet engines do not operate at speeds greater than Mach 3, therefore eliminating the possibility of a rotating power generator. A multi-mode water-based Rankine cycle is an innovative method to address both of these constraints of generating power and providing cooling. Implementing a Rankine cycle-based system allows for the …
Augmenting Structure/Function Relationship Analysis With Deep Learning For The Classification Of Psychoactive Drug Activity At Class A G Protein-Coupled Receptors, Hannah Willow Shows
Augmenting Structure/Function Relationship Analysis With Deep Learning For The Classification Of Psychoactive Drug Activity At Class A G Protein-Coupled Receptors, Hannah Willow Shows
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G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) initiate intracellular signaling pathways via interaction with external stimuli. [1-5] Despite sharing similar structure and cellular mechanism, GPCRs participate in a uniquely broad range of physiological functions. [6] Due to the size and functional diversity of the GPCR family, these receptors are a major focus for pharmacological applications. [1,7] Current state-of-the-art pharmacology and toxicology research strategies rely on computational methods to efficiently design highly selective, low toxicity compounds. [9], [10] GPCR-targeting therapeutics are associated with low selectivity resulting in increased risk of adverse effects and toxicity. Psychoactive drugs that are active at Class A GPCRs used …
Design And Implementation Of Fully Integrated Cmos On-Chip Bandpass Filter With Wideband High-Gain Low Noise Amplifier, Yu Wang
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Current trends of fully integrated CMOS on-chip bandpass filter are classified into 1) the component level (i.e., active inductor, Q-enhanced passive inductor, negative resistance cancellation), and 2) the circuit level (i.e., adding transmission zeros on stopband, applying the zigzag technique for fewer inductors, superposition of different resonators). The demand for monolithic designs for portable devices attracts market interest in a fully integrated CMOS on-chip bandpass filter. Optimized minimal inductors (OMI) bandpass filter is a good platform for use in both active and passive bandpass filters, mainly because 1) it provides good stopband rejection for high interface attenuation, and 2) the …
Development Of A Computer Model To Simulate Battery Performance For Use In Renewable Energy Simulations, Arjun Sundararajan
Development Of A Computer Model To Simulate Battery Performance For Use In Renewable Energy Simulations, Arjun Sundararajan
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Renewable and clean energy has been the driving force behind the booming storage industry. The need for producing energy from clean and quickly replenishable energy sources has never been as high as it is now. However, renewable energy only supplies a little over a quarter of the world’s electricity needs and much less of the world’s total energy requirements. One reason is the intermittent nature of renewable energy. Inexpensive and convenient storage technologies are required to solve this issue. It is believed that batteries offer the most viable solution to conquer the problem of renewable energy intermittency. To aid the …
Aqueous Fabrication Of Pristine And Oxide Coated Znse Nanoparticles, Nicholas L. Van Zandt
Aqueous Fabrication Of Pristine And Oxide Coated Znse Nanoparticles, Nicholas L. Van Zandt
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Semiconducting nanoparticles have received significant attention due to their unique optoelectronic properties. Quantum dots (QDs), a class of spherical nanoparticles, possess a size-dependent bandgap and photoluminescence at visible wavelengths. QDs have many applications including biological labelling, solar cells, chemical impurity detection, and optical glasses. Doping QDs into optical glasses is highly desirable. High-quality QDs can be synthesized via liquid solution methods. However, solution-synthesized QDs often degrade over time and they cannot survive incorporation into a glass melt without protection. In this work, the aqueous synthesis of ZnSe QDs and coating with nanometer silica and alumina protective shells are investigated. The …
Acute Oxygen-Sensing By The Carotid Bodies : The Thermal Microdomain Model, Ryan Joseph Rakoczy
Acute Oxygen-Sensing By The Carotid Bodies : The Thermal Microdomain Model, Ryan Joseph Rakoczy
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The carotid bodies (CB) are peripheral chemoreceptors that detect changes in arterial oxygenation and, via afferent inputs to the brainstem, correct the pattern of breathing to restore blood gas homeostasis. Elucidating the “signal” that couples carotid body sensory type I cell (CBSC) hypoxic mitochondrial inhibition with potassium channel closure has proven to be an arduous task; to date, a multitude of oxygen-sensing chemotransduction mechanisms have been described and altercated (Varas, Wyatt & Buckler, 2007; Gao et al, 2017; Rakoczy & Wyatt, 2018). Herein, we provide preliminary evidence supporting a novel oxygen-sensing hypothesis suggesting CBSC hypoxic chemotransductive signaling may in part …
Phase Transformation In The Aluminum/Tungsten System, Ammar Azeez Mahdi Al Yasari
Phase Transformation In The Aluminum/Tungsten System, Ammar Azeez Mahdi Al Yasari
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Formation and growth mechanisms of intermetallic compounds in the aluminum/tungsten system were studied during consolidation and subsequent heat treatment. Three different processes, spark plasma sintering (SPS), laser powder bed fusion (LPBF), and metal inert gas welding (MIG) were used, and each of these processes were followed up with heat treatment at different conditions. Al12W, Al5W and Al4W are the three intermetallics that are stable in the system in room temperature, and they were expected to form at the interface between tungsten and aluminum at different temperature ranges. Contrary to expectations, the Al5W phase was not observed during this study and …
Fabrication And Analysis Of High-Performance Thermochemically Densified Wood, Victor Arulappan Pushparaj
Fabrication And Analysis Of High-Performance Thermochemically Densified Wood, Victor Arulappan Pushparaj
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While wood construction may be as ancient as humanity itself, wood remains one of the most utilized structural materials because of it’s availability, low cost, durability, surprisingly high specific mechanical properties, and renewability. Recent research into wood-based materials has focused on strategies for enhancing the strength and stiffness of as-grown materials. We fabricated densified wood by thermochemically treating raw white oak wood in Na2SO3 and NaOH solutions, followed by compressing the treated wood at 5MPa at high temperature. Treating the raw wood in NaOH and Na2SO3 cleaves the alpha-O-4 ether bond and beta-O-4 ether bonds, thus dissolving most of the …
Silk Hydrogels Incorporated With Melanin, Anne Lutz
Silk Hydrogels Incorporated With Melanin, Anne Lutz
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Melanin is a naturally produced pigment found within the human body. Melanin is known for its ability to protect against Ultra Violet light, but also its ability to allow for mechanical protection. Making melanin a good addition to biomedical devices such as hydrogels. Silk hydrogels are weak in their load bearing capabilities but are known for their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and porosity. This makes the silk hydrogel a good material to incorporate melanin into in order to improve the mechanical properties. For the silk solution to form a solid, there must be a presence of both a catalyst and an oxidizer …
Functionalizing Ceramic Matrix Composites By The Integration Of A Metallic Substructure With Comparable Feature Size, Elizabeth Pierce Heckman
Functionalizing Ceramic Matrix Composites By The Integration Of A Metallic Substructure With Comparable Feature Size, Elizabeth Pierce Heckman
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A metallic network has been embedded in a silicon carbide fiber– silicon carbide (SiC) matrix ceramic composite (CMC) in order to combine the functional properties of the metal and the structural properties of the CMC. The processing of the composite involves iterative pre-ceramic polymer infiltration and heating to temperatures at 1100°C. The metallic structure embedded in the CMC must retain its unique properties during processing and cannot convert to a silicide or carbide resulting from diffusion of Si and C species from the SiC matrix. To gain an understanding of the diffusion process, a fully processed CMC with tungsten, tantalum, …
Human-Ai Teaming For Dynamic Interpersonal Skill Training, Xavian Alexander Ogletree
Human-Ai Teaming For Dynamic Interpersonal Skill Training, Xavian Alexander Ogletree
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In almost every field, there is a need for strong interpersonal skills. This is especially true in fields such as medicine, psychology, and education. For instance, healthcare providers need to show understanding and compassion for LGBTQ+ and BIPOC (Black, Indigenous, and People of Color), or individuals with unique developmental or mental health needs. Improving interpersonal skills often requires first-person experience with expert evaluation and guidance to achieve proficiency. However, due to limited availability of assessment capabilities, professional standardized patients and instructional experts, students and professionals currently have inadequate opportunities for expert-guided training sessions. Therefore, this research aims to demonstrate leveraging …
Noninvasive Blood Flow And Oxygenation Measurements In Diseased Tissue, Benjamin S. Rinehart
Noninvasive Blood Flow And Oxygenation Measurements In Diseased Tissue, Benjamin S. Rinehart
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The research presented in this dissertation focused on the application of optical imaging techniques to establish blood flow and oxygen saturation as effective biomarkers for two disease cases, Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Huntington’s Disease (HD). The BTBR mouse model of ASD was utilized to validate measurements of cerebral blood flow and oxygenation as biomarkers for autism. The R6/2 mouse model of juvenile HD was utilized to validate measurements of skeletal muscle blood flow following tetanic muscle contractions induced by electrical nerve stimulation. Next, a noncontact, camera-based system to measure blood flow and oxygen saturation maps was implemented to improve …
The Theory And Design Of Class E Power Amplifiers For Impulse Excitation In Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Owen D. Riemer
The Theory And Design Of Class E Power Amplifiers For Impulse Excitation In Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Owen D. Riemer
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A new method for analyzing the effectiveness of NMR impulse power amplifiers was developed using a classical linear systems approach to NMR. The method demonstrates a way to compare NMR power amplifiers and outputs. Thermodynamic calculations and the harmonic content of NMR amplifiers is presented to provide a complete description of the NMR power amplifier design problem. A design procedure for class E NMR power amplifiers with a pi-impedance matching network is outlined for matching the amplifier to the transmitter coil. The thesis concludes with the presentation of a 53 MHz power amplifier developed with the procedure. The complete amplifier …
Multi-Label Classification On Locally-Linear Data: Application To Chemical Toxicity Prediction, Xiu Huan Yap
Multi-Label Classification On Locally-Linear Data: Application To Chemical Toxicity Prediction, Xiu Huan Yap
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Computational models may assist in identification and prioritization of large chemical libraries. Recent experimental and data curation efforts, such as from the Tox21 consortium, have contributed towards toxicological datasets of increasing numbers of chemicals and toxicity endpoints, creating a golden opportunity for the exploration of multi-label learning and deep learning approaches in this thesis. Multi-label classification (MLC) methods may improve model predictivity by accounting for label dependence. However, current measures of label dependence, such as correlation coefficient, are inappropriate for datasets with extreme class imbalance, often seen in toxicological datasets. In this thesis, we propose a novel label dependence measure …
Sample Mislabeling Detection And Correction In Bioinformatics Experimental Data, Soon Jye Kho
Sample Mislabeling Detection And Correction In Bioinformatics Experimental Data, Soon Jye Kho
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Sample mislabeling or incorrect annotation has been a long-standing problem in biomedical research and contributes to irreproducible results and invalid conclusions. These problems are especially prevalent in multi-omics studies in which a large set of biological samples are characterized by multiple types of omics platforms at different times or different labs. While multi-omics studies have demonstrated tremendous value in understanding disease biology and improving patient outcomes, the complexity of these studies may increase opportunities for human error. Fortunately, the interrelated nature of the data collected in multi-omics studies can be exploited to facilitate the identification and, in some cases, correction …
Effect Of Cloud Cover On Optimum Orientations Of Fixed Solar Panels For Maximum Yearly Energy Collection, Prethew Prasad
Effect Of Cloud Cover On Optimum Orientations Of Fixed Solar Panels For Maximum Yearly Energy Collection, Prethew Prasad
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The amount of cloud cover present in the sky is a significant factor when determining the solar radiation impinging on a solar panel. The optimum tilt required to achieve maximum energy impingement on a surface is also influenced by the amount of cloud cover. This work presents a method for determining the optimum tilt angle for a fixed solar panel when a set amount of cloud cover is present in the sky. Fixed tilt angles that have the most incident solar energy over the course of a year as a function of cloud cover, latitude, and azimuthal angle orientation are …
Interferometry Analysis Method For Colliding Plasma Generated With Exploded Wires, Michael D. Gruesbeck
Interferometry Analysis Method For Colliding Plasma Generated With Exploded Wires, Michael D. Gruesbeck
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Building upon recent work to estimate electron and ion densities from paired interferograms, the current work develops a model for the 2D interference phase function. Unlike the previous work that only estimated a radial plasma profile from images of a singly exploded straight Cu wire, we estimate 2D properties from a colliding plasma generated from two simultaneously exploded wires. First, a 2D phase model is proposed for the interference patterns of the images taken at 1064 nm and 532 nm. Then, the model parameters are estimated using Fourier analysis. Secondly, the plasma region in each image is partitioned into subregions …
Content Adaption And Design In Mobile Learning Of Wind Instruments, Neha Priyadarshani
Content Adaption And Design In Mobile Learning Of Wind Instruments, Neha Priyadarshani
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People in today's world seek things that are simple to use. Learning is one of the most crucial aspects of the ongoing digital transformation. Everything is now accessible with a single click on mobile devices, making access to instructional materials faster, easier, and more comfortable. It takes time and effort to build abilities and become an expert in the fields of learning, training, and teaching; and music learning demands a great deal of both practice and mentoring. Initially, music teachers and band directors must maintain a steady attention and devote a significant amount of time to manually teaching materials. This …
Development Of A Robust And Tunable Aircraft Guidance Algorithm, Jacob R. Spangenberg
Development Of A Robust And Tunable Aircraft Guidance Algorithm, Jacob R. Spangenberg
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A set of guidance control laws is developed for application to a reduced order dynamic aircraft model. A feedback control formulation utilizing a linear quadratic regulator (LQR) is developed, together with methods for easing the design burden associated with gain tuning. Metrics are developed to assess the stability margin of the controller over the full flight envelope of a notional unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) model. A feedforward control path is then added to the architecture. The performance of the guidance control laws is assessed through time domain step response metrics as well as through execution of a design mission. The …
Goal Management In Multi-Agent Systems, Venkatsampath Raja Gogineni
Goal Management In Multi-Agent Systems, Venkatsampath Raja Gogineni
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Autonomous agents in a multi-agent system coordinate to achieve their goals. However, in a partially observable world, current multi-agent systems are often less effective in achieving their goals. In much part, this limitation is due to an agent's lack of reasoning about other agents and their mental states. Another factor is the agent's inability to share required knowledge with other agents and the lack of explanations in justifying the reasons behind the goal. This research addresses these problems by presenting a general approach for agent goal management in unexpected situations. In this approach, an agent applies three main concepts: goal …
Utilizing Rotational Energy In Wind Turbine Blades With The Flywheel Mechanism And Predicting The Power Output By Neural Networking, Anamika Mishra
Utilizing Rotational Energy In Wind Turbine Blades With The Flywheel Mechanism And Predicting The Power Output By Neural Networking, Anamika Mishra
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As we expand and innovate for better and safer living, there will always be a need for new energy sources. By replacing fossil fuels, renewable energy is becoming a viable option for primary power generation. That is why researchers are turning their attention to renewable energy sources and ways of making the most of them. WIND ENERGY is a promising renewable and clean energy source harvested from the wind which is plentiful on the planet. We already have the technology to harvest it, but the efficiency and power output are not optimal. In this thesis, to enhance the energy harvesting …
Altered Skeletal Muscle Excitation-Contraction Coupling In The R6/2 Transgenic Mouse Model For Huntington's Disease, Daniel R. Miranda
Altered Skeletal Muscle Excitation-Contraction Coupling In The R6/2 Transgenic Mouse Model For Huntington's Disease, Daniel R. Miranda
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Huntington’s disease (HD) has classically been categorized as a neurodegenerative disorder. However, the expression of the disease-causing mutated huntingtin gene in skeletal muscle may contribute to the symptoms of HD, namely those that involve involuntary muscle contraction. In the R6/2 transgenic mouse model of HD, we previously observed ion channel defects that could contribute to involuntary muscle contraction. Here, in R6/2 muscle we investigated the consequence of these ion channel defects on action potentials (APs), the first step in excitation-contraction (EC) coupling. We found that the ion channel defects were associated with depolarizing the baseline membrane potential during AP trains. …
Texture-Driven Image Clustering In Laser Powder Bed Fusion, Alexander H. Groeger
Texture-Driven Image Clustering In Laser Powder Bed Fusion, Alexander H. Groeger
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The additive manufacturing (AM) field is striving to identify anomalies in laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) using multi-sensor in-process monitoring paired with machine learning (ML). In-process monitoring can reveal the presence of anomalies but creating a ML classifier requires labeled data. The present work approaches this problem by printing hundreds of Inconel-718 coupons with different processing parameters to capture a wide range of process monitoring imagery with multiple sensor types. Afterwards, the process monitoring images are encoded into feature vectors and clustered to isolate groups in each sensor modality. Four texture representations were learned by training two convolutional neural network …
Nmr Metabolomics For Optimizing Cell-Free Protein Synthesis, Angela M. Campo
Nmr Metabolomics For Optimizing Cell-Free Protein Synthesis, Angela M. Campo
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Cell-Free Protein Synthesis (CFPS) has been utilized by biochemists to produce a variety of chemicals and therapeutics. While CFPS has spawned research in the biochemistry and medical communities, there are still unknown issues with interlaboratory variability with the technique. This work explored the black box nature of CFPS reactions by analyzing the CFPS reactions in situ with Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Aim 1 developed the protocol for conducting NMR experiments on E. coli cell-free reactions as well as a data analysis pipeline. This was accomplished with 1H NMR, capturing metabolite changes over time. The 1D NOESY experiment proved to …
Development Of A Robust And Tunable Aircraft Guidance Algorithm, Jacob R. Spangenberg
Development Of A Robust And Tunable Aircraft Guidance Algorithm, Jacob R. Spangenberg
Browse all Theses and Dissertations
A set of guidance control laws is developed for application to a reduced order dynamic aircraft model. A feedback control formulation utilizing a linear quadratic regulator (LQR) is developed, together with methods for easing the design burden associated with gain tuning. Metrics are developed to assess the stability margin of the controller over the full flight envelope of a notional unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) model. A feedforward control path is then added to the architecture. The performance of the guidance control laws is assessed through time domain step response metrics as well as through execution of a design mission. The …
Computational Simulation And Analysis Of Neuroplasticity, Madison E. Yancey
Computational Simulation And Analysis Of Neuroplasticity, Madison E. Yancey
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Homeostatic synaptic plasticity is the process by which neurons alter their activity in response to changes in network activity. Neuroscientists attempting to understand homeostatic synaptic plasticity have developed three different mathematical methods to analyze collections of event recordings from neurons acting as a proxy for neuronal activity. These collections of events are from control data and treatment data, referring to the treatment of neuron cultures with pharmacological agents that augment or inhibit network activity. If the distribution of control events can be functionally mapped to the distribution of treatment events, a better understanding of the biological processes underlying homeostatic synaptic …
Complex Interactions Between Multiple Goal Operations In Agent Goal Management, Sravya Kondrakunta
Complex Interactions Between Multiple Goal Operations In Agent Goal Management, Sravya Kondrakunta
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A significant issue in cognitive systems research is to make an agent formulate and manage its own goals. Some cognitive scientists have implemented several goal operations to support this issue, but no one has implemented more than a couple of goal operations within a single agent. One of the reasons for this limitation is the lack of knowledge about how various goals operations interact with one another. This thesis addresses this knowledge gap by implementing multiple-goal operations, including goal formulation, goal change, goal selection, and designing an algorithm to manage any positive or negative interaction between them. These are integrated …
Carbon Nanotube-Coated Scaffolds For Tissue Engineering Applications, Soham Dipakbhai Parikh
Carbon Nanotube-Coated Scaffolds For Tissue Engineering Applications, Soham Dipakbhai Parikh
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Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) have beneficial properties for cell scaffolding, which has translated into effective growth of bone, muscle, and cardiac cells. However, loose carbon nanotubes can cause in vivo toxicity. To reduce this risk, our team has developed biomimetic scaffolds with multiscale hierarchy where carpet-like CNT arrays are covalently bonded to larger biocompatible substrates. In this study, we have tested such scaffolds in two distinct types of biomedical applications involving glioblastoma and keratinocyte cells. The growth of glioblastoma (GBM) cells on our CNT-coated biomimetic scaffolds was evaluated to check their suitability as a potential chemotherapy-loaded implant for GBM patient treatment. …
Complex Interactions Between Multiple Goal Operations In Agent Goal Management, Sravya Kondrakunta
Complex Interactions Between Multiple Goal Operations In Agent Goal Management, Sravya Kondrakunta
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A significant issue in cognitive systems research is to make an agent formulate and manage its own goals. Some cognitive scientists have implemented several goal operations to support this issue, but no one has implemented more than a couple of goal operations within a single agent. One of the reasons for this limitation is the lack of knowledge about how various goals operations interact with one another. This thesis addresses this knowledge gap by implementing multiple-goal operations, including goal formulation, goal change, goal selection, and designing an algorithm to manage any positive or negative interaction between them. These are integrated …
Leveraging Sequential Nature Of Conversations For Intent Classification, Shree Gotteti
Leveraging Sequential Nature Of Conversations For Intent Classification, Shree Gotteti
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Conversations are more than just a sequence of text, it is where two or more participants interact in order to achieve their goals. Conversation Understanding (CU) requires all participants to understand each others intent. In the past decade, CU has been extended from automated human-human text processing to build automated conversational agents for human-machine interactions. Despite their popularity, these automated conversational agents (like Siri, Alexa, etc) can't handle more than one or two utterances, and they don't recognize conversations as intents. The development of approaches that extract intents behind an utterance is essential for the advancements of Question Answering (QA) …