Engineering Commons^™

Lime Activated Coal Ash For Ccr Pond Closure Projects, Larry Gibson, Karen Slade

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Upgrading The Properties Of Fly-Ash From Long-Term Storage, With Simultaneous Deagglomeration, Drying & Classification Using Atritor Technology, Andrew Rigg, Scott Coley, Paul Machacek

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Real Time Pore Pressure Monitoring Of Ash And Construction-Induced Responses: The State Of The Practice, Paul C. Schmall, Chris Hardin, Kenneth Campbell, Ryan Smith

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Beneficial Use Of Fly Ash As A Sustainable Building Material, Randall Stremmel, Thomas Weyand

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

No abstract provided.

In-Situ Stabilization For Hydraulic Control At Ccr Sites, Paul R. Lear

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Coal Quality & Combustion Impacts On Ash Chemistry, Rod Hatt

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Study To Evaluate Future Ash Beneficial Use, Corina Maria Aldea, Gil M. Haines, Matt Bishop

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Field And Laboratory Methods To Demonstrate Monitored Natural Attenuation For Coal Combustion Product Constituents In Groundwater, Jim Redwine, Masa Kanematsu, Kristi Mitchell, Dimitri Vlassopoulos

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Addressing Public Fear With Facts—Tva Coal Ash Fact Sheets, Melissa Hedgecoth, Lisa Jn Bradley, Rock Vitale, Neil Carriker

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Six Years Of Service, Supply, And Success: Processing Harvested Ccr From Impoundments, William Fedorka, P.E.

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Developing Single Use Deposits Of Coal Derived Fly Ash As A National Resource, Nigel Cooke

World of Coal Ash Proceedings

No abstract provided.

Linking Bad Credentials To Safety Issues, Andrew Martin, Jeeyen Koo, Valerie Keathley-Helil, Mallory Brown, Jennifer Walton

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

This study assesses (1) the effectiveness of the Kentucky Automated Truck Screening (KATS) system, (2) the relationship between credential and vehicle safety violations, (3) the relationship between credential and driver safety violations, and (4) the relationship between credential violations and crashes. The KATS system, which is installed at weigh stations throughout the Commonwealth of Kentucky, is highly effective at detecting KYU, IFTA, and UCR violations with sensitivities of 80.54, 87.56, and 88.28 percent, respectively. However, the system is less effective at detecting IRP violations (sensitivity = 20.83 percent). There is a statistically significant relationship between credentialing and vehicle safety violations, …

In-Situ Calibrated Digital Process Twin Models For Resource Efficient Manufacturing, David Adeniji, Julius Schoop

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications

The chief objective of manufacturing process improvement efforts is to significantly minimize process resources such as time, cost, waste, and consumed energy while improving product quality and process productivity. This paper presents a novel physics-informed optimization approach based on artificial intelligence (AI) to generate digital process twins (DPTs). The utility of the DPT approach is demonstrated in the case of finish machining of aerospace components made from gamma titanium aluminide alloy (γ-TiAl). This particular component has been plagued with persistent quality defects, including surface and sub-surface cracks, which adversely affect resource efficiency. Previous process improvement efforts have been restricted to …

Forecast Of Community Total Electric Load And Hvac Component Disaggregation Through A New Lstm-Based Method, Huangjie Gong, Rosemary E. Alden, Aron Patrick, Dan Ionel

Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications

The forecast and estimation of total electric power demand of a residential community, its baseload, and its heating ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) power component, which represents a very large portion of a community electricity usage, are important enablers for optimal energy controls and utility planning. This paper proposes a method that employs machine learning in a multi-step integrated approach. An LSTM model for total electric power at the main circuit feeder is trained using historic multi-year hourly data, outdoor temperature, and solar irradiance. New key temperature indicators, TmHAVC, corresponding to the standby zero-power operation for HVAC systems for summer cooling …

Evaluation Of Manual Infrared Brake Screening Technologies, Joseph Crabtree, Brian Beaven, Jennifer Walton

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

The purpose of this project was to install and operate two manual infrared (IR) brake screening systems at Kentucky inspection facilities to enhance the quality of Level 1 safety inspections. A radio button in the inspection software allowed enforcement personnel to indicate when the IR equipment was used to select a truck for inspection. This feature allowed a direct comparison of performance measures (e.g., number of violations identified per inspection, out-of-service rate, etc.) for IR-generated inspections versus all inspections.

The evaluation focused on inspections at the Lyon County site for a 60-day period during September and October 2021. Analysis of …

Rapid Removal Of Pfoa And Pfos Via Modified Industrial Solid Waste: Mechanisms And Influences Of Water Matrices, Hongyi Wan, Rollie Mills, Kai Qu, James C. Hower, M. Abdul Mottaleb, Dibakar Bhattacharyya, Zhi Xu

Chemical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications

Emerging perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances contaminate waters at trace concentrations, thus rapid and selective adsorbents are pivotal to mitigate the consequent energy-intensive and time-consuming issues in remediation. In this study, coal combustion residuals-fly ash was modified (FA-SCA) to overcome the universal trade-off between high adsorption capacity and fast kinetics. FA-SCA presented rapid adsorption (teq = 2 min) of PFOX (perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid, collectively), where the dynamic adsorption capacity (qdyn = qm/teq) was 2–3 orders of magnitude higher than that of benchmark activated carbons and anion-exchange resins. Investigated by advanced characterization and kinetic models, the fast kinetics and superior …

Fill Materials At Integral End Bents, Charlie Sun, Tony Beckham

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Jointless bridge designs have become increasingly popular due to their low construction and maintenance costs. But this design carries risks. Most notably, integral end bents can be displaced and undergo settlement due to soil movement in embankments and loads carried by the superstructure. In response, the Kentucky Transportation Cabinet (KYTC) devised a novel treatment for end bent and abutment backfills on low- and middle-span concrete bridges in which elasticized geofoam is placed between geosynthetically confined soil and an integral end bent (GCS-IEB). However, this design requires modification where the elasticized geofoam and overlying pavement meet. Using elasticized geofoam is also …

Electric Vehicles: Analysis Of Revenue Issues And Charging Station Implementation Plans, Chris Van Dyke, Bryan Gibson, Ryan Griffith, Andrew Martin, Jeeyen Koo, Doug Kreis

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

No abstract provided.

Enhanced Immunoprecipitation Techniques For The Identification Of Rna-Binding Protein Partners: Igf2bp1 Interactions In Mammary Epithelial Cells, Saja A. Fakhraldeen, Scott M. Berry, David J. Beebe, Avtar Roopra, Celia M. Bisbach, Vladimir S. Spiegelman, Natalie M. Niemi, Caroline M. Alexander

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications

RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) regulate the expression of large cohorts of RNA species to produce programmatic changes in cellular phenotypes. To describe the function of RBPs within a cell, it is key to identify their mRNA-binding partners. This is often done by crosslinking nucleic acids to RBPs, followed by chemical release of the nucleic acid fragments for analysis. However, this methodology is lengthy, which involves complex processing with attendant sample losses, thus large amounts of starting materials and prone to artifacts. To evaluate potential alternative technologies, we tested “exclusion-based” purification of immunoprecipitates (IFAST or SLIDE) and report here that these methods …

Amplitude And Wavelength Scaling Of Sinusoidal Roughness Effects In Turbulent Channel Flow At Fixed ReΤ, Sparsh Ganju, Sean C. C. Bailey, Christoph Brehm

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications

Direct numerical simulations are performed for incompressible, turbulent channel flow over a smooth wall and different sinusoidal wall roughness configurations at a constant Re_τ = 720. Sinusoidal walls are used to study the effects of well-defined geometric features of roughness-amplitude, a, and wavelength, λ, on the flow. The flow in the near-wall region is strongly influenced by both a and λ. Establishing appropriate scaling laws will aid in understanding the effects of roughness and identifying the relevant physical mechanisms. Using inner variables and the roughness function to scale the flow quantities provides support for Townsend’s hypothesis, …

The Low Abundance Of Cpg In The Sars-Cov-2 Genome Is Not An Evolutionarily Signature Of Zap, Ali Afrasiabi, Hamid Alinejad-Rokny, Azad Khosh, Mostafa Rahnama, Nigel Lovell, Zhenming Xu, Diako Ebrahimi

Plant Pathology Faculty Publications

The zinc finger antiviral protein (ZAP) is known to restrict viral replication by binding to the CpG rich regions of viral RNA, and subsequently inducing viral RNA degradation. This enzyme has recently been shown to be capable of restricting SARS-CoV-2. These data have led to the hypothesis that the low abundance of CpG in the SARS-CoV-2 genome is due to an evolutionary pressure exerted by the host ZAP. To investigate this hypothesis, we performed a detailed analysis of many coronavirus sequences and ZAP RNA binding preference data. Our analyses showed neither evidence for an evolutionary pressure acting specifically on CpG …

Strategy For Conjugating Oligopeptides To Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Using Diazirine-Based Heterobifunctional Linkers, Md Arif Khan, Ramy W. Ghanim, Maelyn R. Kiser, Mahsa Moradipour, Dennis T. Rogers, John M. Littleton, Luke H. Bradley, Bert C. Lynn, Stephen E. Rankin, Barbara L. Knutson

Chemical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications

Successful strategies for the attachment of oligopeptides to mesoporous silica with pores large enough to load biomolecules should utilize the high surface area of pores to provide an accessible, protective environment. A two-step oligopeptide functionalization strategy is examined here using diazirine-based heterobifunctional linkers. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNPs) with average pore diameter of ~8 nm and surface area of ~730 m²/g were synthesized and amine-functionalized. Tetrapeptides Gly-Gly-Gly-Gly (GGGG) and Arg-Ser-Ser-Val (RSSV), and a peptide comprised of four copies of RSSV (4RSSV), were covalently attached via their N-terminus to the amine groups on the particle surface by a heterobifunctional linker, …

Prostacyclin Promotes Degenerative Pathology In A Model Of Alzheimer’S Disease, Tasha R. Womack, Craig T. Vollert, Odochi Ohia-Nwoko, Monika Schmitt, Saghi Montazari, Tina L. Beckett, David Mayerich, M. Paul Murphy, Jason L. Eriksen

Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Faculty Publications

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that is the most common form of dementia in aged populations. A substantial amount of data demonstrates that chronic neuroinflammation can accelerate neurodegenerative pathologies. In AD, chronic neuroinflammation results in the upregulation of cyclooxygenase and increased production of prostaglandin H2, a precursor for many vasoactive prostanoids. While it is well-established that many prostaglandins can modulate the progression of neurodegenerative disorders, the role of prostacyclin (PGI2) in the brain is poorly understood. We have conducted studies to assess the effect of elevated prostacyclin biosynthesis in a mouse model of AD. Upregulated prostacyclin expression …

Design, Development, And Validation Of An Augmented Reality-Enabled Production Strategy Process, Hala Nassereddine, Dharmaraj Veeramani, Awad S. Hanna

Civil Engineering Faculty Publications

The Production Strategy Process (PSP) is an integral part of production planning and control as it defines how production processes are structured and designed and outlines how production will be executed. PSP involves massive information transfer and communication among project participants. While BIM can improve the flow of information, the paradox of designing 3D models in 2D space remains. This paradox indicates that new visualization technologies are needed to leverage the use of information in the PSP. As Industry 4.0, the fourth industrial revolution, continues to evolve, it is imperative that construction firms seek, find, and adopt new technologies. This …

Volumetric Lattice Boltzmann Method For Wall Stresses Of Image-Based Pulsatile Flows, Xiaoyu Zhang, Joan Gomez-Paz, Xi Chen, James M. Mcdonough, Md Mahfuzul Islam, Yiannis Andreopoulos, Luoding Zhu, Huidan Yu

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications

Image-based computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has become a new capability for determining wall stresses of pulsatile flows. However, a computational platform that directly connects image information to pulsatile wall stresses is lacking. Prevailing methods rely on manual crafting of a hodgepodge of multidisciplinary software packages, which is usually laborious and error-prone. We present a new computational platform, to compute wall stresses in image-based pulsatile flows using the volumetric lattice Boltzmann method (VLBM). The novelty includes: (1) a unique image processing to extract flow domain and local wall normality, (2) a seamless connection between image extraction and VLBM, (3) an en-route …

Characteristics And Assessing Biological Risks Of Airborne Bacteria In Waste Sorting Plant, Abbas Norouzian Baghani, Somayeh Golbaz, Gholamreza Ebrahimzadeh, Marcelo I. Guzman, Mahdieh Delikhoon, Mehdi Jamshidi Rastani, Abdullah Barkhordari, Ramin Nabizadeh

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Examining the concentration and types of airborne bacteria in waste paper and cardboard sorting plants (WPCSP) is an urgent matter to inform policy makers about the health impacts on exposed workers. Herein, we collected 20 samples at 9 points of a WPCSP every 6 winter days, and found that the most abundant airborne bacteria were positively and negatively correlated to relative humidity and temperature, respectively. The most abundant airborne bacteria (in units of CFU m⁻³) were: Staphylococcus sp. (72.4) > Micrococcus sp. (52.2) > Bacillus sp. (30.3) > Enterococcus sp. (24.0) > Serratia marcescens (20.1) > E. coli (19.1) > Pseudomonas sp. (16.0) > Nocardia …

A Global Survey Of Infection Control And Mitigation Measures For Combating The Transmission Of Covid-19 Pandemic In Buildings Under Facilities Management Services, Hadi Sarvari, Zhen Chen, Daniel W. M. Chan, Ellyn A. Lester, Nordin Yahaya, Hala Nassereddine, Aynaz Lotfata

Civil Engineering Faculty Publications

Facilities management along with health care are two important aspects in controlling the spread of infectious diseases with regard to controlling the outbreak of global COVID-19 pandemic. Hence, with the increasing outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic, the importance of examining the relationship between the built environment and the outbreak of infectious diseases has become more significant. The aim of the research described in this article is to develop effective infection control and mitigation measures to prevent the transmission of COVID-19 pandemic in the built environment. This study seeks to answer the question of how the facilities management industry can help reduce …

A Global Survey Of Infection Control And Mitigation Measures For Combating The Transmission Of Covid-19 Pandemic In Buildings Under Facilities Management Services, Hadi Savari, Zhen Chen, Daniel W. M. Chan, Ellyn A. Lester, Nordin Bin Yahaya, Hala Nassereddine, Aynaz Lotfata

Civil Engineering Faculty Publications

Facilities management along with health care are two important aspects in controlling the spread of infectious diseases with regard to controlling the outbreak of global COVID-19 pandemic. Hence, with the increasing outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic, the importance of examining the relationship between the built environment and the outbreak of infectious diseases has become more significant. The aim of the research described in this article is to develop effective infection control and mitigation measures to prevent the transmission of COVID-19 pandemic in the built environment. This study seeks to answer the question of how the facilities management industry can help reduce …

Therapeutic Treatment With The Anti-Inflammatory Drug Candidate Mw151 May Partially Reduce Memory Impairment And Normalizes Hippocampal Metabolic Markers In A Mouse Model Of Comorbid Amyloid And Vascular Pathology, David J. Braun, David K. Powell, Christopher J. Mclouth, Saktimayee M. Roy, D. Martin Watterson, Linda J. Van Eldik

Neuroscience Faculty Publications

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia in the elderly, but therapeutic options are lacking. Despite long being able to effectively treat the ill-effects of pathology present in various rodent models of AD, translation of these strategies to the clinic has so far been disappointing. One potential contributor to this situation is the fact that the vast majority of AD patients have other dementia-contributing comorbid pathologies, the most common of which are vascular in nature. This situation is modeled relatively infrequently in basic AD research, and almost never in preclinical studies. As part of our efforts to develop …

A Novel Approach For Real-Time Quality Monitoring In Machining Of Aerospace Alloy Through Acoustic Emission Signal Transformation For Dnn, David Adeniji, Kyle Oligee, Julius Schoop

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications

Gamma titanium aluminide (γ-TiAl) is considered a high-performance, low-density replacement for nickel-based superalloys in the aerospace industry due to its high specific strength, which is retained at temperatures above 800 °C. However, low damage tolerance, i.e., brittle material behavior with a propensity to rapid crack propagation, has limited the application of γ-TiAl. Any cracks introduced during manufacturing would dramatically lower the useful (fatigue) life of γ-TiAl components, making the workpiece surface’s quality from finish machining a critical component to product quality and performance. To address this issue and enable more widespread use of γ-TiAl, this research aims to develop a …