Engineering Commons^™

2004 Statewide Wheel Tax Rates, Indiana Ltap

Indiana Local Technical Assistance Program (LTAP) Publications

This publication is a compilation of wheel tax rates using data provided by the Indiana Bureau of Motor Vehicles.

2005 Directory Of Indiana State, County, City And Town Officials Responsible For Road And Street Work, Indiana Ltap

Indiana Local Technical Assistance Program (LTAP) Directory

Contact information for agency officials and employees responsible for Indiana’s local road infrastructure.

Effects Of An Impedance Threshold Valve Upon Hemodynamics In Standard Cpr: Studies In A Refined Computational Model, Charles F. Babbs

Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications

An impedance threshold valve (ITV) is a new airway adjunct for resuscitation that permits generation of a small vacuum in the chest during the recoil phase of chest compression. Objectives: To explore in detail the expected magnitude and the hemodynamic mechanisms of circulatory augmentation by an ITV in standard CPR. Method: A 14-compartment mathematical model of the human cardiopulmonary system—upgraded to include applied chest compression force, elastic recoil of the chest wall, anatomic details of the heart and lungs, and the biomechanics of mediastinal compression—is exercised to explore the conditions required for circulatory augmentation by an ITV during various modes …

Non-Destructive Estimation Of Pavement Thickness, Structural Number And Subgrade Resilience Along Indot Highways, Samy Noureldin, Karen Zhu, Dwayne Authur Harris, Shuo Li

JTRP Technical Reports

Nondestructive testing has become an integral part for evaluation and rehabilitation strategies of pavements in recent years. Pavement evaluation employing the Falling Weight Deflectometer (FWD) and the Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) can provide valuable information about pavement performance characteristics and be a very useful tool for project prioritization purposes and estimation of construction budget at the network level. FWD deflection testing is an accurate tool for determining pavement structural capacity and estimating the required thickness of overlays and hence is an accurate tool for planning for or estimating required current and future construction budgets. GPR is the only tool that …

An Assessment Of Highway Financing Needs In Indiana, Kumares C. Sinha, Samuel Labi, Stacey D. Hodge, Gabriel U. Tine, Hardik Rajendra Shah

JTRP Technical Reports

In recent years highway revenues in Indiana have been eroding due to inflation, increased costs, and the increased use of fuel-efficient vehicles. It is necessary, therefore, to reliably assess the current and future needs for highway funding in order to facilitate informed fiscal planning. This study provides a methodology for tracking current and future demand for highway financing, along with a systematic modeling approach for revenue projections such that financing plans can be developed for state and local highway networks. Highway infrastructure needs for pavements, bridges, safety, and capacity improvements for the 15-year period between 2006 and 2020 are assessed …

Damage Analysis Of Jointed Plain Concrete Pavements In Indiana, Part I: Finite Element Modeling And Damage Analysis, Part Ii: Indislab, A Software Tool For Jointed Plain Concrete Pavement Design, Elisa D. Sotelino, Alireza Asgari, Andrew C. Saksa, Guillermo Cedeno

JTRP Technical Reports

Current design procedures for concrete pavements do not account for several factors that can influence their service life. In this work, these factors are investigated and the findings are integrated into a procedure for better predicting longterm performance of concrete pavements. To achieve this, sophisticated finite element techniques are employed and parametric studies are performed. The findings are then integrated into a nonlinear procedure for damage accumulation. In the development of the comprehensive 3D Finite Element (FE) model several issues are studied including the geometry of the model, mesh refinement, element selection, interaction between pavement components, and loading simulation. The …

Emergency Earthquake Routes; Part I, Criteria For Selection Of Primary Routes; And Part Ii: Route Seismic Vulnerability Aspects, Julio Ramirez, Srinivas Peeta, Mete Sozen, Luis Garcia, Kannan Viswanath

JTRP Technical Reports

The occurrence of a strong earthquake in Indiana or neighboring states, as has occurred in the past, has serious implications for the State Transportation System with respect to adequate response. The definition of Earthquake Emergency Routes for the State of Indiana became a priority for the Indiana Department of Transportation. These Emergency Routes take into account various aspects related to transportation including coverage of population and area and travel time along these routes, and issues related to structural and geotechnical seismic vulnerability of the roads and bridges along these routes. Part I of the overall study report formulates a multi-commodity …

Life Cycle Cost Analysis For Indot Pavement Design Procedures, Geoffery Lamptey, Muhammad Z. Ahmad, Samuel Labi, Kumares C. Sinha

JTRP Technical Reports

Given the aging of highway pavements, high traffic levels, and uncertainty of sustained preservation funding, there is a need for balanced decision-making tools such as LCCA to ensure long-term and cost-effective pavement investments. With driving forces such as ISTEA 1991, the NHS Act of 1995, and TEA-21, LCCA enables evaluation of overall long-term economic efficiency between competing alternative investments and consequently has important applications in pavement design and management. It has been shown in past research that more effective long-term pavement investment could be made at lower cost using LCCA. Current LCCA-based pavement design and preservation practice in Indiana could …

Remediation And Stabilization Of Soils Contaminated By Lead Resulting From The Removal Of Paint From Bridges, M. K. Banks, A. Paul Schwab

JTRP Technical Reports

Lead-based paints are commonly used for painting steel bridge structures. Soils in the immediate vicinity of older bridges have been contaminated with Pb as a result of normal weathering and peeling of the paint coupled with removal prior to repainting. The objectives of this project were to assess the extent of lead contamination near highway bridges and to evaluate phytoremediation and immobilization as means of remediation. We examined soils in the vicinity of approximately 20 bridges in Indiana that had been repainted recently and were know to have been painted originally with Pb-based paint. We found only three bridges in …

Shear Reinforcement Requirements For High-Strength Concrete Bridge Girders, J. A. Ramirez, Gerardo Aguilar

JTRP Technical Reports

A research program was conducted on the shear strength of high-strength concrete members. The objective was to evaluate the shear behavior and strength of concrete bridge members with compressive strengths in the range of 10 000 to 15 000 psi. The goal was to determine if the current minimum amount of shear reinforcement together with maximum spacing limits in the 2004 AASHTO LRFD Specifications, and the upper limit on the nominal shear strength were applicable to concrete compressive strengths up to 15 000 psi.

A total of twenty I-shaped specimens were tested monotonically to failure. Sixteen specimens were reinforced concrete …

Family Of Compaction Curves For Chemically Modified Soils, Radha Krishna Daita, Vincent P. Drnevich, Daehyeon Kim

JTRP Technical Reports

Lime and Lime Kiln Dust (LKD) are widely used for modifying/stabilizing pavement subgrades. The addition of lime or LKD involves chemical processes that are dependent on many parameters. For natural subgrades, quality control is based on moisture and unit weight requirements using manual interpolations of one-point test data on a family of curves. For modified soils, moisture and unit weight measurements are insufficient for quality control and other tests must be considered. Various possible quality control methods for LKD-modified subgrades were evaluated. This research produced an Excel-based program to automate the generation of a family of curves and one-point data …

Guideline Specifications For Construction And Maintenance Equipment For Street And Highway Work, Indiana Ltap

Indiana Local Technical Assistance Program (LTAP) Publications

This document is intended to help the purchasing agent of a local public agency to prepare, issue, revise, maintain and monitor use of specifications. It will also serve as a guide to the purchasing agency in maintaining an indexed file of specifications prepared by or under the authority of its purchasing agents. More importantly, however, it is hoped that this document will be a useful tool for county engineers and supervisors and city and town street commissioners in purchasing their equipment. Good equipment specifications are necessary to ensure that the owner gets the piece of equipment that they need, and …

Shaping The Self Efficacy Beliefs Of First Year Engineering Students: What Is The Role We Play?, Mica A Hutchison, George Bodner, Deborah Follman

School of Engineering Education Graduate Student Series

No abstract provided.

Simulation Of Phonon-Assisted Band-To-Band Tunneling In Carbon Nanotube Field-Effect Transistors, Siyuranga O. Koswatta, Mark S. Lundstrom, M. P. Anantram, Dmitri E. Nikonov

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Electronic transport in a carbon nanotube metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor MOSFET is simulated using the nonequilibrium Green’s functions method with the account of electron-phonon scattering. For MOSFETs, ambipolar conduction is explained via phonon-assisted band-to-band Landau-Zener tunneling. In comparison to the ballistic case, we show that the phonon scattering shifts the onset of ambipolar conduction to more positive gate voltage thereby increasing the off current. It is found that the subthreshold swing in ambipolar conduction can be made as steep as 40 mV/decade despite the effect of phonon scattering

On The Role Of Phonon Scattering In Carbon Nanotube Field-Effect Transistors, Jing Guo, Mark S. Lundstrom

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

The role of phonon scattering in carbon nanotube field-effect transistors (CNTFETs) is explored by solving the Boltzmann transport equation using the Monte Carlo method. The results show that elastic scattering in a short-channel CNTFET has a small effect on the source-drain current due to the long elastic mean-free path (mfp) (~1μm)(~1μm). If elastic scattering with a short mfp were to exist in a CNTFET, the on current would be severely degraded due to the one-dimensional channel geometry. At high drain bias, optical phonon scattering, which has a much shorter mfp (~10nm)(~10nm), is expected to dominate, even in a short-channel CNTFET. …

A Theoretical Investigation Of Surface Roughness Scattering In Silicon Nanowire Transistors, Jing Wang, Eric Polizzi, Avik Ghosh, Supriyo Datta, Mark S. Lundstrom

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

The role of phonon scattering in carbon nanotube field-effect transistors sCNTFETsd is explored by solving the Boltzmann transport equation using the Monte Carlo method. The results show that elastic scattering in a short-channel CNTFET has a small effect on the source-drain current due to the long elastic mean-free path smfpd s,1 mmd. If elastic scattering with a short mfp were to exist in a CNTFET, the on current would be severely degraded due to the one-dimensional channel geometry. At high drain bias, optical phonon scattering, which has a much shorter mfp s,10 nmd, is expected to dominate, even in a …

Relative Effectiveness Of Interposed Abdominal Compression Cpr: Sensitivity Analysis And Recommended Compression Rates, Charles F. Babbs

Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications

Interposed abdominal compression (IAC)-CPR incorporates alternating chest and abdominal compressions to generate enhanced artificial circulation during cardiac arrest. The technique has been generally successful in improving blood flow and survival compared to standard CPR; however some questions remain. Objective: To determine "why does IAC-CPR produce more apparent benefit in some subjects than in others? and "what is the proper compression rate, given that there are actually two compressions (chest and abdomen) in each cycle?" Method: Computer models provide a means to search for subtle effects in complex systems. The present study employs a validated 12-compartment mathematical model of the human …

International Partnership Using Remotely Accessed Labs, William J. Hutzel, Rudolf Furter

School of Engineering Technology Faculty Publications

An international project between the Mechanical Engineering Technology Department at Purdue University and the HVAC Engineering Department at HTA Lucerne (Switzerland) is testing the limits of the remote access concept by creating a laboratory network that is separated by thousands of miles. Using web-enabled HVAC equipment, U.S. students are determining the performance and return on investment for a heat recovery system that is physically located in Switzerland. The converse is also true, Swiss students have access to a variety of equipment located in the U.S. This remote access project is a good example of a sustainable partnership that adds an …

Analysis And Modeling Of Information Flow And Distributed Expertise In Space-Related Operations, Barrett S. Caldwell

School of Industrial Engineering Faculty Publications

Evolving space operations requirements and mission planning for long-duration expeditions require detailed examinationsand evaluations of information flow dynamics, knowledge-sharing processes, and information technology use in distributedexpert networks. This paper describes the work conducted with flight controllers in the Mission Control Center (MCC) ofNASA’s Johnson Space Center. This MCC work describes the behavior of experts in a distributed supervisory coordinationframework, which extends supervisory control/command and control models of human task performance. Findings from thiswork are helping to develop analysis techniques, information architectures, and system simulation capabilities for knowledgesharing in an expert community. These findings are being applied to improve knowledge-sharing processes …

Procedures For The Estimation Of Pavement And Bridge Preservation Costs For Fiscal Planning And Programming, Kumares C. Sinha, Samuel Labi, Marcela Rodriguez, Gabriel U. Tine, Rucci Dutta

JTRP Technical Reports

Facility preservation generally refers to the set of activities that are carried out to keep a facility in usable condition until the next reconstruction activity. For fiscal planning and programming, it is necessary to know the expected costs of preservation projects and how long they would last. Such information, coupled with minimum standards and facility inventory data enable estimation of overall monetary needs for bridge and pavement preservation, and would assist INDOT in undertaking appropriate programming and attendant financial planning over the long term. However, detailed engineering analyses are not possible every year because of the time and effort involved, …

Its Strategies For Minimization Of Fine Particulates, Ahmed S. Soliman, Robert Bertram Jacko, Barry K. Partridge

JTRP Technical Reports

The purpose of the study was to quantify the impact of traffic conditions such as free flow and congestion on local air quality. The Borman Expressway in Northwest Indiana is considered a test-bed for this research due to the high volume of class-9-truck traffic traveling on it, as well as the existing and continuing installation of the Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) to improve the traffic management along the highway stretch. An empirical Traffic-Air-Quality model (TAQ model) was developed to estimate the PM2.5 emission factors (g/mi) based solely on the measured traffic parameters such as average speed, average acceleration and truck …

Comparison Of Various Indot Testing Methods And Procedures To Quantify Variability In Measured Bituminous And Concrete Properties, Terhi K. Pellinen, W. Jason Weiss, Thomas Kuczek, Geoffrey Dauksas

JTRP Technical Reports

This study was designed to analyze the variability associated with several test procedures used by the Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) in their Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA), portland cement concrete pavement (PCCP), and superstructure concrete protocols. The aim of this work was to document the variability associated with each of these test procedures toward application of this information of the development of acceptance criteria, pay factors, and pay incentives and disincentives. The studied parameters for HMA production included the air void content and VMA of the gyratory compacted mixture, in-place density, binder (asphalt) content, aggregate bulk specific gravity and water …

Bicistronic And Fused Monocistronic Transcripts Are Derived From Adjacent Loci In The Arabidopsis Genome, Jyothi Thimmapuram, Hui Duan, Lei Liu, Mary A. Schuler

Cyber Center Publications

Comparisons of full-length cDNAs and genomic DNAs available for Arabidopsis thaliana described here indicate that some adjacent loci are transcribed into extremely long RNAs spanning two annotated genes. Once expressed, some of these transcripts are post-transcriptionally spliced within their coding and intergenic sequences to generate bicistronic transcripts containing two complete open reading frames. Others are spliced to generate monocistronic transcripts coding for fusion proteins with sequences derived from both loci. RT-PCR of several P450 transcripts in this collection indicates that these extended transcripts exist side by side with shorter monocistronic transcripts derived from the individual loci in each pair. The …

Perceptions Of Practitioners And Engineering Educators And Students Regarding Requisite Skills For Effective Design Of Complex Systems, Melanie A. Thom

Open Access Theses

Both popular press and academic journals have reported increasing trends in design failures attributed to engineering errors, poor planning and inadequate design decisions as demonstrated by mission failures, product failures and increasing manufacturing and support costs ((McMasters & Matsch, 1996; Oberg, 2000; Lowery, 1998; Hayes & Wheelwright, 1984; Schlager, 1994; Scott, 1999, 1999a, 1999b). The authors of the articles agree that graduating engineers are competent at formulaic analysis, but they suggest a perceived lack of fundamental skills necessary for design activities. This lack of skills is described in broad terms but the descriptions lack specific metrics for assessing the possession …

Procedure Manual For Implementation Of Gasb 34 By Indiana Local Public Agencies, Indiana Ltap, Government Fixed Asset Services

Indiana Local Technical Assistance Program (LTAP) Publications

This assistance manual is meant to assist participating governments with certain aspects of the general infrastructure retroactive reporting implementation issues in light of the Governmental Accounting Standards Board Statement No. 34. This assistance manual may prove to be of assistance in prospective reporting as well.

General infrastructure assets per the GASB are comprised of roads, bridges, tunnels, drainage systems, water and sewer systems, dams, and lighting systems. If significant, a government should also include sidewalks, traffic signals, and improved alleys in their reporting. Also to be included are a government's rights-of-way.

The capital asset and general infrastructure provisions of GASB …

The Use Of Vegetation In The Stabilization, Reclamation, And Remediation Of Impacted Indot Soils, Mark S. Mcclain, M. K. Banks, A. Paul Schwab

JTRP Technical Reports

The major goal of this project was to write the manual PhytoRemediate®: Phytoremediation Decision Guide for Transportation Engineers and the attached compact disk PhytoRemediate®: Training Module for Transportation Engineers to assist transportation engineers and other professionals in the applicability of phytoremediation as an effective method of remediation engineering design. This guide is not a design manual, but identifies the decision-making processes necessary for successful remediation of contaminated sites using phytoremediation.

A phytoremediation users' manual PhytoRemediate®: Phytoremediation Decision Guide for Transportation Engineers was developed to assist INDOT personnel in the areas of site assessment, plant species selection, plant …

Frictional Resistance Of Aggregates For Hot-Mix Asphalt Pavements, Joan Patricia O'Brien, John E. Haddock

JTRP Technical Reports

In 1997 the Indiana Department of Transportation adopted the Superpave mixture design method and attendant specifications for hot-mix asphalt pavements. Prior to Superpave, the Indiana Department of Transportation aggregate frictional requirements were based on average daily traffic volumes and were divided into low, medium, and high volume categories. With the implementation of Superpave in Indiana, aggregate frictional requirements were reassigned to categories based on equivalent single axle load values. The purpose of the research is to determine whether average daily traffic or equivalent single axle load has a greater effect on the frictional resistance of a hot-mix asphalt pavement, to …

2004 Statewide Bridge Sufficiency Rating Report, Indiana Ltap

Indiana Local Technical Assistance Program (LTAP) Publications

The main purpose of this report is to provide bridge sufficiency rating information for the bridges in each county. This information results from the data generated by the National Bridge Inspection Standards (NBIS) program authorized by the 1968 Federal Aid Highway Act.

2004 Directory Of Indiana State, County, City And Town Officials Responsible For Road And Street Work, Indiana Ltap

Indiana Local Technical Assistance Program (LTAP) Directory

Contact information for agency officials and employees responsible for Indiana’s local road infrastructure.

Handbook For Temporary Traffic Control - Construction, Maintenance, And Utility Operations, Indiana Ltap

Indiana Local Technical Assistance Program (LTAP) Publications

This handbook gives the basic principles and provides examples for the design, application, installation, and maintenance of the various types of traffic control devices used in temporary traffic control or for incident management. The guidelines presented are in accordance with the standards provided within the Indiana Manual for Uniform Traffic Control Devices (IMUTCD). This handbook is based upon one created by the Ohio Department of Transportation, Guidelines for Traffic Control in Work Zones. Indiana LTAP expresses thanks to ODOT for their permission to reprint this material.