Engineering Commons^™

Genome-Wide Profiling Of Histone Modifications (H3k9me2 And H4k12ac) And Gene Expression In Rust (Uromyces Appendiculatus) Inoculated Common Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L), Vasudevan Ayyappan, Venu Kalavacharla, Jyothi Thimmapuram, Ketaki P. Bhide, Venkateswara R. Sripathi

Cyber Center Publications

Histone modifications such as methylation and acetylation play a significant role in controlling gene expression in unstressed and stressed plants. Genome-wide analysis of such stress-responsive modifications and genes in non-model crops is limited. We report the genome-wide profiling of histone methylation (H3K9me2) and acetylation (H4K12ac) in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) under rust (Uromyces appendiculatus) stress using two high-throughput approaches, chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-Seq) and RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq). ChIP-Seq analysis revealed 1,235 and 556 histone methylation and acetylation responsive genes from common bean leaves treated with the rust pathogen at 0, 12 and 84 hour-after-inoculation (hai), while …

Special Session: Building Intentional Community Partnerships, Julia D. Thompson, Juan C. Lucena, Marybeth Lima, Brent Jesiek

School of Engineering Education Graduate Student Series

Recent growth in community engagement programs in engineering education clearly reveals the importance of understanding partnerships between the engagement programs and the community they work with. However, there has been minimal research and reflection on engineering education partnerships. In this special session, the participants will learn about theoretical frameworks that categorize different types of interactions within partnerships and practical implications on how to structure programs that make the community an integral part of the community engagement experience. The special session will be highly interactive, and will be grounded in the Transactional, Cooperative, and Communal (TCC) Framework that categorizes interactions within …

Development Of Entrepreneurial Attitudes Assessment Instrument For Freshman Students, Todd M. Fernandez, Genisson Sliva Coutinho, Michael D. Wilson, Stephen R. Hoffmann

School of Engineering Education Graduate Student Series

An increasing population of university programs and quantity of curricular content focused on entrepreneurship poses both enormous opportunities for student growth, and numerous practical challenges. Prior work has largely focused on pre-post assessment of student learning, shifts in‘mindset’, activity effectiveness, mapping of student outcomes, and implications of student learning on career success. A baseline of freshman student attitudes towards entrepreneurship,outside of specifically focused entrepreneurial leaning, has significant potential to identify and inform programming in entrepreneurship, as well as general curriculums and pedagogy. An improved understanding of student’s constructive and cognitive influences in entrepreneurial education will serve to better inform the …

First In The Family: A Comparison Of First-Generation And Non-First-Generation Engineering College Students, Dina Verdin, Allison F. Godwin

School of Engineering Education Graduate Student Series

This study investigates first-generation and non-first-generation engineering undergraduates’ math/science identities, subject-related interests, and career plans. First-generation students are an understudied, but growing population. Understanding how these self-beliefs and background factors affect students’ engineering choice can help widen pathways into engineering which continues to be defined as “pale and male.” Additionally, identity has predictive value for practical outcomes like engineering choice in college. The data for this study comes from the nationally representative Sustainability and Gender in Engineering (SaGE) survey completed by 6,772 college students who enrolled in first-year English courses at 2- and 4-year colleges across the U.S. …

Engineering Together: Context In Dyadic Talk During An Engineering Task (K-12 Fundamental), Brianna L. Dorie, Monica Cardella, Gina Navoa Svarovsky

School of Engineering Education Graduate Student Series

Exploring how children develop early interest and understanding in engineering canprovide useful information for the ongoing efforts to increase the access of women inengineering careers. Drawing on occupational choice theories, girls and women havetended to place a high value on helping others in their work, but do not often realize thatcareers in engineering can lead to these types of endeavors. Adding layers of socialcontext that highlight the connections between engineering endeavors and improving thelives of others may create a more engaging experience for girls and women, andpotentially lead to increased development of girls’ engineering interest and understanding.Additionally, informal learning environments …

An Engineering Tale: Using Storybooks To Analyze Parent–Child Conversations About Engineering (Fundamental), Brianna L. Dorie, Monica Cardella

School of Engineering Education Graduate Student Series

Envisioning a larger workforce of engineers, with broad participation from a diverse set of workers, is one of the central concerns of engineering education research. While many current K-12 programs focus on engineering thinking and design, there is still a need to promote aspiration and understanding of engineering as an occupation, especially in out-of-school environments where children spend a majority of their time. Career aspirations and expectations of children have already started to develop prior to entering formal schooling. Several studies has shown that parents play a significant role in the development of occupational awareness in their children, but the …

Bifacial Si Heterojunction-Perovskite Organic-Inorganic Tandem To Produce Highly Efficient (Η T * ~ 33%) Solar Cell, Reza Asadpour, Raghu Vamsi Krishna Chavali, Mohammad Ryyan Khan, Muhammad Ashraful Alam

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

As single junction photovoltaic (PV) technologies both Si heterojunction (HIT) and perovskite based solar cells promise high efficiencies at low cost. Intuitively a traditional tandem cell design with these cells connected in series is expected to improve the efficiency further. Using a self-consistent numerical modeling of optical and transport characteristics however we find that a traditional series connected tandem design suffers from low JSC due to band-gap mismatch and current matching constraints. Specifically a traditional tandem cell with state-of-the-art HIT ( η=24% ) and perovskite ( η=20% ) sub-cells provides only a modest tandem efficiency of η_T~ 25%. …

A Simple Boltzmann Transport Equation For Ballistic To Diffusive Transient Heat Transport, Mark S. Lundstrom, Jesse Maassen

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Developing simplified, but accurate, theoretical approaches to treat heat transport on all length and time scales is needed to further enable scientific insight and technology innovation. Using a simplified form of the Boltzmann transport equation (BTE), originally developed for electron transport, we demonstrate how ballistic phonon effects and finite-velocity propagation are easily and naturally captured. We show how this approach compares well to the phonon BTE, and readily handles a full phonon dispersion and energy-dependent mean-free-path. This study of transient heat transport shows (i) how fundamental temperature jumps at the contacts depend simply on the ballistic thermal resistance, (ii) that …

Computational Electronics For The 21st Century: Reflections On The Past, Present, And Future, Mark S. Lundstrom

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

The author’s career has coincided with the development of numerical simulation into an essential component of semiconductor device technology research and development. We now have a sophisticated suite of simulation capabilities along with new challenges for 21st Century electronics. This talk presents a short history of the field and a description of the current state of the art, but it concentrates on lessons learned and thoughts about how computational electronics can continue to contribute effectively to the development of new electronic device technologies. The author will argue that electronics is changing, and that computational electronics can play a key role …

Steady-State Heat Transport: Ballistic-To-Diffusive With Fourier's Law, Jesse Maassen, Mark S. Lundstrom

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

It is generally understood that Fourier's law does not describe ballistic phonon transport, which is important when the length of a material is similar to the phonon mean-free-path. Using an approach adapted from electron transport, we demonstrate that Fourier's law and the heat equation do capture ballistic effects, including temperature jumps at ideal contacts, and are thus applicable on all length scales. Local thermal equilibrium is not assumed, because allowing the phonon distribution to be out-of-equilibrium is important for ballistic and quasi-ballistic transport. The key to including the non-equilibrium nature of the phonon population is to apply the proper boundary …

Photovoltaic Material Characterization With Steady-State And Transient Photoluminescence, Xufeng Wang, Jayprakash Bhosale, James Moore, Rehan Kapadia, Peter Bermel, Ali Javey, Mark S. Lundstrom

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

In this study, we develop an approach to characterize the surface and bulk properties for thin films of photovoltaic materials by combining two experimental photoluminescence (PL) techniques with one multiphysics simulation. This contactless, in-line characterization technique allows reliable extraction of key lifetime parameters. In this study, we first discuss the strengths and weaknesses of both steady-state and transient PL techniques (specifically, steady-state PL excitation spectroscopy and time-resolved PL) and show that combining them with numerical simulation can be used to extract surface and bulk lifetimes self consistently. The method is applied to InP thin films grown with a novel vapor-liquid-solid …

Emission-Diffusion Theory Of The Mosfet, Mark S. Lundstrom, Supriyo Datta, Xingshu Sun

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

An emission-diffusion theory that describes MOSFETS from the ballistic to diffusive limits is developed. The approach extends the Crowell-Sze treatment of metalsemiconductor junctions to MOSFETs and is equivalent to the scattering/transmission model of the MOSFET. The paper demonstrates that the results of the transmission model can be obtained from a traditional, drift-diffusion analysis when the boundary conditions are properly specified, which suggests that traditional drift-diffusion MOSFET models can also be extended to comprehend ballistic limits.

Mass Media And The Contagion Of Fear: The Case Of Ebola In America, Sherry M J Towers, Shehzad Afzal, Gilbert Bernal, Nadya T. Bliss, Baltazar Espinoza, Jasmine Jackson, Julia Judson-Garcia, Maryam Khan, Michael Lin, Robert Mamada, Victor M. Moreno, Fereshteh Nazari, Kamaldeen Okumeye, Mary L. Ross, Claudia Rodriguez, Jan Medlock, David S. Ebert, Carlos Castillo-Chavez,

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Background: In the weeks following the first imported case of Ebola in the U. S. on September 29, 2014, coverage of the very limited outbreak dominated the news media, in a manner quite disproportionate to the actual threat to national public health; by the end of October, 2014, there were only four laboratory confirmed cases of Ebola in the entire nation. Public interest in these events was high, as reflected in the millions of Ebola-related Internet searches and tweets performed in the month following the first confirmed case. Use of trending Internet searches and tweets has been proposed in the …

Optimizing Strategies For Population-Based Chlamydia Infection Screening Among Young Women: An Age-Structured System Dynamics Approach Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Yu Teng, Nan Kong, Wanzhu Tu

Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications

Background

Chlamydia infection (CT) is one of the most commonly reported sexually transmitted diseases. It is often referred to as a “silent” disease with the majority of infected people having no symptoms. Without early detection, it can progress to serious reproductive and other health problems. Economical identification of asymptomatically infected is a key public health challenge. Increasing evidence suggests that CT infection risk varies over the range of adolescence. Hence, age-dependent screening strategies with more frequent testing for certain age groups of higher risk may be cost-saving in controlling the disease.

Methods

We study the optimization of age-dependent screening strategies …

Nanohub.Org: A Gateway To Undergraduate Simulation-Based Research In Materials Science And Related Fields, Tanya A. Faltens, Peter A. Bermel, Amanda Buckles, K Anna Douglas, Alejandro H. Strachan, Lynn K. Zentner, Gerhard Klimeck

Birck and NCN Publications

Our future engineers and scientists will likely be required to use advanced simulations to solve many of tomorrow's challenges in nanotechnology. To prepare students to meet this need, the Network for Computational Nanotechnology (NCN) provides simulation-focused research experiences for undergraduates at an early point in their educational path, to increase the likelihood that they will ultimately complete a doctoral program. The NCN summer research program currently serves over 20 undergraduate students per year who are recruited nationwide, and selected by NCN and the faculty for aptitude in their chosen field within STEM, as well as complementary skills such as coding …

Roundabout Maintenance Flipbook, Indiana Ltap

Indiana Local Technical Assistance Program (LTAP) Publications

This flipbook is a summary of the work pub­lished in the Roundabout Maintenance Manual by Indiana LTAP. This information was collected through a series of interviews with city engi­neers, public works directors, and street commis­sioners experienced in roundabout maintenance. It serves as a model to guide work crews in correct maintenance procedures.

Roundabout Maintenance Manual, Indiana Ltap

Indiana Local Technical Assistance Program (LTAP) Publications

This maintenance manual serves as an additional resource for communities who have imple­mented roundabouts or are considering them. There are a few other published guides, such as the NCHRP Report 672, Roundabouts: An Informational Guide, and the Wisconsin DOT Facilities Develop­ment Manual. However, the information covered in these guides is very broad. This manual provides specific information regarding roundabout maintenance.

High-Resolution Controller Data Performance Measures For Optimizing Diverging Diamond Interchanges And Outcome Assessment With Drone Video, Alexander M. Hainen, Amanda L. Stevens, Christopher M. Day, Howell Li, Jamie Mackey, Matt Luker, Mark Taylor, James R. Sturdevant, Darcy M. Bullock

Lyles School of Civil Engineering Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Sequence Optimization At Signalized Diamond Interchanges Using High-Resolution Event-Based Data, Alexander M. Hainen, Howell Li, Amanda L. Stevens, Christopher M. Day, Jim Sturdevant, Darcy M. Bullock

Lyles School of Civil Engineering Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Characterizing Signalized Intersection Performance Using Maximum Vehicle Delay, Steven M. Lavrenz, Christopher M. Day, Alexander M. Hainen, W Benjamin Smith, Amanda L. Stevens, Howell Li, Darcy M. Bullock

Lyles School of Civil Engineering Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Qualitative Study Of First-Generation Latinas: Understanding Motivation For Choosing And Persisting In Engineering, Dina Verdin, Allison F. Godwin, Jennifer Morazes

School of Engineering Education Graduate Student Series

Latina undergraduates pursuing an engineering degree continue to be an underrepresented group at four-year universities. Compared to their male counterparts, fewer women enter the field of engineering; however, of those Latino/as who do matriculate, they have the same likelihood of persisting as their White counterparts. Furthermore, a dearth of underrepresented students such as Latino/as and first-generation college students enter or remain in the field of engineering. The need for increased gender and racial/ethnic representation in engineering is a documented need allowing for the production of a wider range of innovative products that take into consideration different perspectives that represent the …

Eco-Design Integration Into New Product Development Processes: Comparison Between Lca Software And Cad-Integrated Tools, Maria I. Hernandez Dalmau

Purdue Polytechnic Masters Theses

The constant growth of environmental concerns and in order to satisfy the increasing population demands, designers have started to integrate eco-design parameters in early design stages. The technological development that happened in the last decade has started to integrate LCA methods within CAD tools, allowing non-geometric data to be integrated in a typical geometrical model. The main research interest of this thesis is focused on the evaluation of the use of these emerging CAD tools, as tools capable to evaluate the futures environmental impacts of products and processes. This thesis studies through three comparative case studies if SolidWorks Sustainability as …

The Origin Of Korotkoff Sounds And The Accuracy Of Auscultatory Blood Pressure Measurements, Charles F. Babbs

Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications

This study explores the hypothesis that the sharper, high frequency Korotkoff sounds come from resonant motion of the arterial wall, which begins after the artery transitions from a buckled state to an expanding state. The motion of one mass, two nonlinear springs, and one damper, driven by transmural pressure under the cuff, are used to model and compute the Korotkoff sounds according to principles of classical Newtonian physics. The natural resonance of this spring-mass-damper system provides a concise, yet rigorous, explanation for the origin of Korotkoff sounds. Fundamentally, wall stretching in expansion requires more force than wall bending in buckling. …

Quantifying Benefits Of Signal Timing Maintenance And Optimization Using Both Travel Time And Travel Time Reliability Measures, Howell Li, Steven M. Lavrenz, Christopher M. Day, Amanda Stevens, Darcy M. Bullock

Lyles School of Civil Engineering Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.