Engineering Commons^™

Isothermal Decomposition Of Austenite (In 1.4% Tungsten Steel) At Subcritical Temperatures, Samir Moustafa Riad

Masters Theses

"An experimental investigation was conducted in order to study the relationship between temperature, time and the decomposition of austenite in Tungsten steel of a given composition - and to plot the T-T-T Diagram for this steel.

The steel was prepared, homogenized and cut into identical specimens for further heat treatment and metallographic inspection. Precautions were taken to prevent these specimens from decarburizing during any heat treatment.

This experimental work may be divided into three main parts:-

I. Determination of the critical temperature range; i.e. the range of temperature Ae₁ and Ae₃ above which austenite is stable and below …

Transpiration Cooling Of A Plane Porous Plate, Raymond George Posgay

Masters Theses

"The transient temperatures were determined in a porous plate for one dimensional heat flow and one dimensional counter coolant flow. One surface of the porous plate was heated by a hot gas by convective heat transfer. A general discussion of the problem is considered and the procedure described for working all such problems dealing with transpiration cooling.

The solution of such problems is illustrated by two examples employing a ceramic plate one inch thick and cooled by a uniform flow of air in a direction counter to the flow of heat, while one surface of the ceramic plate was heated …

Impact Energy Coupling And Impact Seismic Refraction Using Electronic Timing, Roderick D. Carroll

Masters Theses

"The use of impact energy sources in lieu of explosives for shallow seismic investigations is limited chiefly by the low energy available. Means of increasing the energy transmission of an impact source are investigated, using a weight drop arrangement and an oscilloscope. The energy of refracted arrivals is investigated by direct overburden impacts, compaction of the overburden at the point of impact and the use of steel and aluminum plates as coupling devices. Energy transmission is shown to be greatly increased, using a suitable coupling device and the conditions for optimum coupling are discussed. The elastic constants of the ground …

An Analog Method For The Determination Of The Deflection Of Beams Resting On End Supports And Design Of An Automatic Programming Device, Paul C. Jackson Jr.

Masters Theses

"This investigation shows that beam problems can be solved easily and accurately with an analog computer. Two problems were solved as to their shear, moment, slope and deflection along the length of the beam and the graphs drawn by the analog computer were compared with calculated values. Very little difference was found between them.

An electronic programmer was built to aid in handling beam problems as they were being run on the computer. This was capable of putting into the computer bits of data at specified intervals of time. The programmer proved reliable and repeatable once it was adjusted to …

Investigation Of Vertical Internal Spillways, Paul R. Munger

Masters Theses

"This investigation resulted in the development of a means of predicting the discharge of water through an internal spillway type rockfill dam. From the data obtained during the various tests, equations were developed by which the coefficient of discharge for an internal spillway type rockfill dam can be determined when the core height, rock size and head causing flow are known. The equations give results with an error of less than 5%, which is adequate for engineering works"--Abstract, page 2.

Transient Temperature Distribution In Solid Sphere Subjected To Radiation Heat Exchange, William H. Stocklin

Masters Theses

"The author believes that numerical analysis is the most feasible approach to calculating the transient temperature distribution in a solid sphere subjected to various surface conditions; heat flow within the sphere is radial.

Numerical analysis is employed to arrive at a series of equations for calculating the transient temperature at selected points of a solid sphere. A study is made to determine a method for calculating temperatures with these equations; a computing device is found to be the most practical method for this purpose. The equations for temperatures at internal points of the solid sphere are general.

The equations have …

Electron Microscope Study Of The Systems Cadmium-Cadmium Chloride And Lead-Lead Chloride, Dennis O'Neill

Masters Theses

"The nature of the dispersed phase in the cadmium-cadmium chloride and lead-lead, chloride systems were investigated with the electron microscope.

Preliminary experiments on preparing and examining the dispersed phase showed that it was most feasible to study the material by electron-microscopic examination of replicas made from the surfaces of the fractured materials. Melting apparatus and methods were chosen so that samples of the melts could be easily quenched to different temperatures and so that the samples could be easily fractured with a minimum of surface contamination. Of the conventional replicating techniques tried, that of carbon replicas pre-shadowed with chromium was …

Effect Of Deflections For A Flat Plate By Slope-Deflection-Gyration Method, William Hsin-Loo Ying

Masters Theses

"Since the procedure for the theoretical solution of a rectangular flat plate or slab is complex, many approximate methods for determining the moments and deflections of such plate have recently been developed. One of these methods is the so called Slope-Deflection-Gyration Method which is performed by means of basically well-known structural theories - slope-deflection and torsion.

For a given plate, it is assumed that the plate is to be divided up into a grid of strips or equivalent beams at right angles to each other. The joints of this grid are assumed to be rigidly intersected and be permitted to …

Apparatus For Inductive-Electromagnetic Model Studies, Won Ho Kim

Masters Theses

"The object of this research is to design, construct and calibrate an apparatus suitable for electromagnetic model studies. A portion of the thesis is devoted to general review and theoretical consideration of electromagnetic prospecting.

Theoretical analysis of electromagnetic survey data by mathematical methods can only be carried out for simple idealized subsurface conditions. Because of the difficulties of theoretical solutions, in contrast to the simplicity of the conditions of similitude in electromagnetic exploration, a model experiment offers a very useful means of studying and comparing the response of naturally occuring conducting mineral bodies.

An apparatus suitable for inductive-electromagnetic model studies …

The Effect Of The Ultraviolet Portion Of The Sun Spectrum On Chlorine Residuals In Water Supplies, Tumkur Mohmed Ameer Ahmed

Masters Theses

"The effect of sunlight on chlorine residuals in water supplies was investigated to provide original and basic information of value to the water purification field.

Three different water systems were employed: (a) The Simplified Water System, (b) The Ground Water System, and (c) The Surface Water System. The RS Sunlamp provided an appropriate source of ultraviolet radiation. A 10 mg/1 chlorine concentration was used. The pH values of 7 and 10 and the illumination intensities of 145 and 200 foot candles were employed. Iodometric determination of chlorine residuals was the main parameter used.

It was found that the chlorine residuals …

Transpiration Cooling, Herbert S. Brahinsky

Masters Theses

"In the investigation of the problem, it is shown that the process of transpiration cooling is an effective method of cooling. This process may be applied to heat screens or heat shields, as was done in the sample problems worked out here. A porous plate with coolant flowing counter to the flow of heat was used.

The plate temperature is determined by the amount of heat flux, coolant flow, thermal conductivity of the material used as a plate, the specific heat of the fluid, the specific heat of the plate material, the density of the plate material and its porosity. …

Some Aspects Of Miscible Phase Displacement As Applied To The Recovery Of Oil Reservoir Crude, David D. Friend

Masters Theses

"Recent application of the miscible sing displacement process as a method to increase recovery from petroleum reservoirs has resulted in a great deal of laboratory investigation, none of which provided conclusive evidence as to the amount of mixing taking place between the displacing and displaced fluids. This investigation attempts to provide a possible insight into the rate and degree of mixing of two fluids with respect to flow path transversed and the rate of advance of the fluids. The laboratory investigation consisted of displacing a fluid from a packed core with another fluid under completely miscible conditions.

Experimental evidence indicates …

Deformations And Bending Moments For A Building Slab With A Central Opening, Wu Ping-Yung

Masters Theses

"The adaptability of the classical slope-deflection method analysis to the analysis of uniformly loaded building slab is the subject of this study. The paper demonstrates the use of slope-deflection in computing deflections and bending moments in uniformly loaded square building slabs both with and without central square openings. The results obtained are compared with results of other methods found by other investigators.

Numerous methods have been proposed for use in solving plate or slab problems. The exact solution in the form of a fourth order partial differential equation has proved to be of value in relatively few cases where boundary …

Effect Of Lime & Cement Additives On The Dynamic Modulus Of Elasticity Of A Clay Soil, Ismail Yolar

Masters Theses

"This thesis is a study to determine the values and characteristics of modulus of elasticity and the modulus of rupture of a clay soil stabilized with lime and cement in an effort to pave the way for including these values in design criteria.

The modulus of elasticity and the Poisson's ratio were obtained by sonic method. Specimens were broken in flexure for modulus of rupture. Experiments were performed with; (1) untreated soil, (2) soil with 4, 6, and 12 percent cement additive, (3) soil with a 3 percent lime additive and 0, 4, 6, and 12 percent cement additive, (4) …

A Vacuum Induction Furnace For Pyrometric Cone Equivalent Determinations, Robert E. Farris

Masters Theses

"Various furnaces which are commonly used for P.C.E. determinations were compared from a literature review. The inadequacies of these furnaces were noted and a furnace was designed, constructed, and evaluated in an effort to minimize or eliminate some of the indicated problems. For this furnace heat is developed in opposed cones (susceptors), which are fabricated from 0.005” molybdenum sheet, by induced (induction) currents from a 10 KW vacuum tube generator. The furnace components are enveloped by a pyrex cylinder in which a vacuum (approximately 1 to 5 micron pressure absolute) is maintained during operation"--Abstract, page ii.

Design Of A Square Loop Magnetic Integrating Device, Fred Leland Grismore Jr.

Masters Theses

"The problem investigated in this research was the development of a static integrating circuit applicable to closed loop feedback control systems. Investigation of various methods of attack indicated that square loop magnetic cores offered characteristics required for the integration process. These include the ability to sum input information and the ability to store information for an indefinite period of time.

An experimental program was carried out, investigating the various properties of square loop magnetic materials and required design parameters. Through this work it was verified that the process of integration could be realized by using the partial switching volt-second absorption …

A Study Of The Energy Dissipation And The Related Pressures And Velocities Of Cylindrical Tank Type Stilling Basin, Graham Wayne Wood

Masters Theses

"In all hydraulic structures that hold back water, whether for the purpose of power, irrigation or flood control, all must have some means of dissipating the energy that is produced by the movement of the water from the pond or reservoir to the tailrace. The method of dissipation depends largely on downstream conditions, terrain and economics. The dissipator is to prevent scour and the undermining of the dam itself. The construction of any type dissipator should be the best one available for the least cost of construction. However, space limitations may dictate another type of dissipator. It has been recommended …

An Investigation Of The Factors Influencing The Design Of A Dense Prilled Ammonium Nitrate-Fuel Oil Mixture, Robert Bartley Hopler Jr.

Masters Theses

"The physical characteristics of dense ammonium nitrate prills were examined. The density was found to be 1.52 grams per cubic centimeter, and from this the specific surface was calculated for the size fractions of interest in the investigation. Theoretical loading densities were calculated for between 26.0 and 47.6 percent voids.

The explosive properties of discrete particle size fractions were investigated. The equation by Clark was found to predict the detonation velocity of the sizes smaller than 8/20 mesh. The equation by Cook could not be applied to dense prilled ammonium nitrate. The possibility of a very oxygen negative condition existing …

Underground Methods Of Working Coal, Hemendra Nath Datta

Masters Theses

"'Underground Methods of Working Coal' is the subject of this thesis. It is the purpose of this investigation to summarize all the mining methods under various conditions of working.

The underground methods of mining have been classified under three headings; viz., (a) Room and Pillar, (b) Longwall and (c) Horizon Mining. The conditions suitable for the applicability of each system and their relative merits and demerits are fully discussed.

The principles of the design of the workings of both room and pillar and longwall systems to have effective roof control in the area of the workings are pointed out.

Distinct …

Explosive Performance Parameters: A Digital Computer Solution And Error Analysis, Robert T. Stelloh

Masters Theses

"A program was written for the determination of explosive performance parameters on the Royal-McBee LGP-30 electronic digital computer. The method developed by Dr. M. A. Cook was used, which is based on the thermohydrodynamic theory of detonation. This theory and the specific equations developed by Cook are presented.

General statements are made in regard to computer programming, and specific information given concerning the programming concepts used for this particular problem. A detailed explanation of the program operation is given, together with the tabular data required for its use.

Equations are presented for an analysis of the effects of roundoff error …

A Study Of The Difference Effects On Alpha Solid Solutions Of Oxygen In Titanium Dissolving In Hydrofluoric Acid, Kuo-Chin Chuang

Masters Theses

"Alpha solid solutions of oxygen in titanium dissolving in hydrofluoric acid exhibited a positive difference effect with k values of 5.7, being independent of the concentration of HF, within the compositional range studied 0 to 5 w/o oxygen. This indicates that various TiO_x alloys are polarizable to the same extent by the same strength of anodic current in hydrofluoric acid.

The difference effect observed on TiO_x alloys dissolving in HF-HCl revealed that the effect is dependent on the oxygen content of the solid solution as well as on the concentration of HCl. The presence of HCl results in …

Scatter Matrix Analysis Of Plane Waves In A Layered Media, Bill W. Ashworth

Masters Theses

"The problem was the application of matrix theory to the solution of the reflection and transmission coefficients for a plane wave incident on a layered media. Background material relating to the problem was reviewed. Equations that were used in the solution of the problem were either derived or explained. The derivations for the reflection and transmission coefficients were carried out in order, starting with the simple case of normal incidence on a junction of two infinite media and progressing through the more difficult case of oblique incidence on a layer of finite thickness separating two infinite media. Scatter matrix analysis …

A Resistivity Study Of Hot Short Ferrous Alloys, Harold Alfred Koelling

Masters Theses

"Resistivity measurements were performed at elevated temperatures on four special ferrous alloys and one commercial iron. The alloys were pure iron, iron with .023 per cent sulfur, iron with .33 copper, iron with .32 copper and .024 sulfur. Other elements were held to the minimum amounts possible in order to determine the actual effects of sulfur and copper. The commercial alloy was Armco Iron.

Measurements of resistivity versus temperature were taken at slow heating rates to determine if the iron sulphide liquid film formed in the grain boundaries of red-short steels had any effect on the electrical resistivity"--Abstract, page 7.

Tank Studies Of The Resistivity Horizontal Profiling Method Of Electrical Prospecting, Edward Hornsey

Masters Theses

"This research project was undertaken to perfect a technique whereby theoretical horizontal resistivity profiles could be reproduced in laboratory tank studies.

Several specimen materials were tried and finally an acceptable specimen material was found. It was found that carbon specimens suspended in salt water would give horizontal resistivity profiles that agree to a remarkable degree with the theoretically predicted curves.

The investigations showed that the depth of burial of the specimen has a marked influence on the position of the characteristic edge effects and on the magnitude of the apparent resistivity.

The studies also indicated that successful tank studies could …

A Preferred Orientation Study Of Sheet Formed By Rolling Copper, Nickel, Titanium And Tungsten Metal Powders, Martin Franklin Marchbanks

Masters Theses

"Pole figure scans of strip rolled from copper, nickel, titanium, and tungsten metal powders were made on samples taken across the width of the strip, and with various amounts of surface material removed, to determine if any preferred orientation existed. No preferred orientation was found in any of the samples examined.

The method used was a modification of the Schultz technique, using the Norelco Pole Figure Fixture, whose geometry and operation is described, in conjunction with the Norelco diffractometer.

Defocusing resulting during the run of a pole figure is discussed and a method for reducing this defocusing is described.

The …

An Evaluation Of The Addition Of Magnesium Carbonate To Promote Collapsibility In Sodium Silicate Bonded Cores, Wilfred Durairajan Paul

Masters Theses

"Cores are separate sand masses included in the mold to accomplish shapes that would be impossible or difficult to obtain with a normal simple mold cavity.

For example a core made for a pipe casting is expected, first, to support itself when placed in the mold and also withstand handling at room temperature. Second, it should withstand, for a short time, the high temperature of molten metal. Last, it should possess the ability, to completely lose its strength just after the metal around it has completely solidified.

Until recently cores for castings were made using oil bonded sands, with an …

The Effects Of Sulphur And Copper On Hot-Workability Of Pure Iron, Hung-Chi Chao

Masters Theses

"The independent effects of sulphur, copper and their combinations on the hot-workability of pure iron free from other elements was studied, with special emphasis on the red-short phenomenon. Electrolytic pure iron with the addition of 0.023 cent sulphur, 0.33 per cent copper and 0.024 per cent sulphur plus 0.032 per cent copper along with a heat of only electrolytic pure iron was melted under vacuum, and cast under helium pressure. The specimens machined from the forged bars were tested at various temperatures by the hot twist-test and by the constant energy single blow drop forging test to evaluate the hot-workability …

A Study Of Invert Emulsion Drilling Fluids, Edward R. Tegland

Masters Theses

"Since invert emulsions are being applied as drilling fluids to cope with special drilling and completion problems, evaluations of existing and new types of emulsions are needed. Three types of emulsions are evaluated in this study: (1) type A emulsions prepared with a commercial emulsifier, (2) type B emulsions prepared by adding clay to the external phase, and (3) type C emulsions containing no externally added emulsifier.

Standard testing procedures were used to measure the viscosity and filtration properties of the emulsions studied. Interfacial tension measurements were made using a technique described in the literature. The degree of stability for …

Use Of Light-Weight Steel Strapping As External Reinforcing To Concrete Beams, John O. Buchanan

Masters Theses

"As a result of some recent failures in reinforced concrete construction throughout the United States, a study was made by several national authorities to find some remedial measures of strengthening existing structures without rebuilding. A system was developed, using high strength steel bands applied externally to beams, to act as stirrups, which has been highly successful. It not only greatly increased the strength of beams already in place but was used to repair members which had already failed.

The application of these bands was made under very exact specifications, using closely controlled procedures, with many physical refinements, in order to …

Transient Temperature Distribution In An Infinite Plate Subjected To Convection And Radiation Heat Exchange, Billy W. Marshall

Masters Theses

"The desired result of this paper is a method of calculating transient temperatures in an infinite plate. The resulting equations are general to the extent possible for aerodynamic heating and radiation boundary conditions. The possible methods of calculation were investigated, and it was felt that a numerical analysis presented the most feasible approach.

Numerical analysis was employed to arrive at a series of equations for calculating the temperatures at selected positions in an infinite plate. A study was then made to determine a method of solving these equations by means of some high speed computing device.

The equations were adapted …