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Articles 10681 - 10710 of 21775
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Seismic Behaviour Of Water Front Structures With Tyre Chip Backfill, S. P. Gopal Madabhushi, U. Cilingir, S. K. Haigh, H. Hazarika
Seismic Behaviour Of Water Front Structures With Tyre Chip Backfill, S. P. Gopal Madabhushi, U. Cilingir, S. K. Haigh, H. Hazarika
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Water front structures have suffered significant damage in many of the recent earthquakes. One of the primary causes for the poor performance of these classes of structures is the liquefaction of the foundation soil and in some instances liquefaction of the backfill soil. The liquefaction of the soil in-front of the quay wall tends to cause large lateral displacements and rotation of the wall. Full or partial liquefaction of the backfill can result in the increase of lateral earth pressure exerted on the wall that can cause additional lateral displacement of the wall. In this paper numerical analyses of a …
Seismic Response Of Structures With Underground Stories Considering Non-Linear Soil-Structure Interaction, Amir H. Halabian, S. Hamid Hashemolhosseini, Hessam Saldourgar
Seismic Response Of Structures With Underground Stories Considering Non-Linear Soil-Structure Interaction, Amir H. Halabian, S. Hamid Hashemolhosseini, Hessam Saldourgar
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Most of the research conducted for soil-structure interaction analysis of structures are assuming the linear behavior of soil. It is well known that during strong ground excitations the soil adjacent to the structure behaves highly non-linear. The nonlinear soil behavior affects the soil-structure interaction in a complex way especially because of the inadequacy in modeling the unbounded soil medium. In the case where an elastic soil behavior is assumed, the surface motion will be amplified proportionally to the input motion. However, in reality the amplitude and frequency content of the response are modified due to the soil’s stiffness degradation and …
Seismic Site Characterization Of Delhi Region Using Microtremor Method: A Case Study, Neelima Satyam, K. S. Rao
Seismic Site Characterization Of Delhi Region Using Microtremor Method: A Case Study, Neelima Satyam, K. S. Rao
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Microtremor method is the most inexpensive and convenient technique for dynamic site characterization of sedimentary basins. This study was carried out in Delhi NCR at 144 different stations and field measurements were taken using velocity sensors for a period of 1 hr at each station point. The data was analyzed using VIEW 2002 software for the estimation of fundamental resonance frequency. The results of the all 144 stations were divided into four categories (T1, T2, T3, and T4) based on the shape of the H/V spectra, resonance frequency and soil type. Since the detailed (bore hole data) soil profile at …
Some Lessons From Yogyakarta Earthquake Of May 27, 2006, Sri Atmaja P. Rosyidi, Mohd. Raihan Taha, Surya Budi Lesmana, Joko Wintolo, Agus Darmawan Adi
Some Lessons From Yogyakarta Earthquake Of May 27, 2006, Sri Atmaja P. Rosyidi, Mohd. Raihan Taha, Surya Budi Lesmana, Joko Wintolo, Agus Darmawan Adi
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The earthquake of moment magnitude, Mw 6.3 in Yogyakarta and Central Java on May 27, 2006 caused widespread death and destruction to the heavily populated and relatively prosperous region. More 5,800 people were killed and robbed hundreds of thousands of residential buildings, and hundreds other structures were also destroyed. This paper presents some observations of the earthquake effects in geological and geotechnical aspects. Yogyakarta region has located on a soft sediment deposit. Therefore, low frequency contents of the seismic wave may have been amplified. The vertical and horizontal PGA at a seismograph station YOGI was 0.183 to 0.303 g …
Using New Signal Processing Techniques In Analyzing Masjed Soleyman Embankment Dam's Explosion Records, M. Davoodi, M. K. Jafari, M. Amel Sakhi
Using New Signal Processing Techniques In Analyzing Masjed Soleyman Embankment Dam's Explosion Records, M. Davoodi, M. K. Jafari, M. Amel Sakhi
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Blasting test studies have one drawback with regard to earthquake studies; they are concerned with vibrations of much smaller amplitude than those normally encountered in earthquakes. Consequently, blasting studies can be used to calibrate dam behavior in a linear elastic range. Accuracy of numerical models should be improved by full scale tests and in situ earthquake records. In this research, first of all a short review of different classical and modern signal processing methods is presented. As it is known, classical signal processing methods, such as FFT and PSD, have many limitations in non- stationary random vibration analysis. Blasting records …
Case Study Of Annoying Vibrations Generated By Unbalanced Forces Of An Offset Printing Press, Ion Vlad, Mirela - Nausica Vlad
Case Study Of Annoying Vibrations Generated By Unbalanced Forces Of An Offset Printing Press, Ion Vlad, Mirela - Nausica Vlad
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
In the design of machine foundations or other dynamically loaded foundations, successive corrections are used to reach the final physical system. The end product of the design procedure is the determination of a foundation – soil system which satisfactorily supports equipment or machinery. A special situation is that when the manufacturers of the machinery don’t recognize, or are unwilling to acknowledge, the unbalanced forces which are produced by their machine. Another situation, directly related to the above mentioned one, consists of the acquisition of second – hand equipment. This is the situation which has been often encountered in Romania in …
A Case — Vibration Influences And Its Evaluation In Muck Ground Improvement With The Static-Dynamic Method, Zhang-Ming Li, Jun-Hua Lin
A Case — Vibration Influences And Its Evaluation In Muck Ground Improvement With The Static-Dynamic Method, Zhang-Ming Li, Jun-Hua Lin
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Under the condition of tamping energy 975～1125 kN.m per blow with four kinds of typical tampers including the shock absorbed and assembled tamper (SAAT) designed by the first author, the tests of vibration acceleration and relative tamping settlement are carried out in situ during the improvement of mud ground with high water content and great void ratio by use of the static-dynamic drainage consolidation method (SDDCM); the synthetic safety distances satisfying the requirement of relative code (under seismic intensity grade 7）are obtained under the condition. The test results show that SAAT enhances the effect of SDDCM in evidence and diminishes …
Ground Vibration — Unique Case Studies In Indian Coal Mines, Kaushik Dey, B. K. Pal
Ground Vibration — Unique Case Studies In Indian Coal Mines, Kaushik Dey, B. K. Pal
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
In India, after nationalization of coal mines, the coal production has been enormously increased with the drastic increased in demand. Fulfilment of demand is met by opening up the highly mechanized surface mines. In the past, the Indian surface coal mines were, in general, using conventional drilling-blasting technique with conjugation of a number of combinations like shovel-dumper, dragline, FEL-dumper etc. In the overburden benches, large scale blasting generated ground vibrations leading to structural damage. In order to control this, reduction in maximum charge per delay has got the importance in the mind of the mining as well as geotechnical engineers. …
Large Pile Group Design Optimization With Lateral Resistance Of Pile Cap, Wei Zheng
Large Pile Group Design Optimization With Lateral Resistance Of Pile Cap, Wei Zheng
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Lateral earth resistance of pile cap is usually ignored in the design practice in the United States. This part of lateral resistance could be significant for a large pile group design, particularly when the lateral load controls the design. A method is presented to calculate the lateral resistance of the pile cap based on FEMA 356 and compared with an approach from the Chinese Design Code. With the consideration of lateral resistance of the pile cap, an optimum spacing is found for a large strip-shape pile group to provide maximum lateral resistance. This design approach is applied to a case …
Measurement Of Vibration And Noise During The Installation Of Rammed Aggregate Piers, Gregg L. Fiegel, Tom M. Farrell
Measurement Of Vibration And Noise During The Installation Of Rammed Aggregate Piers, Gregg L. Fiegel, Tom M. Farrell
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The objective of the study was to record and evaluate ground vibration and noise generated during the installation of rammed aggregate piers (RAPs). Summarized are ground vibration and noise induced by the ramming equipment (i.e. the hydraulic break hammer and rammer) during the installation of forty-five RAPs at a single site. Data were collected during the entire installation process for each pier, which allowed for the measurement of ground vibration and noise levels for periods when the ramming equipment was positioned at different depths within the RAP. Measurements were also taken at different horizontal distances from the ramming equipment and …
Nonlinear Seismic Analysis Of Buried Pipelines During Liquefaction, Amir M. Halabian, S. Hamid Hashemolhosseini, Mehdi Rezaei
Nonlinear Seismic Analysis Of Buried Pipelines During Liquefaction, Amir M. Halabian, S. Hamid Hashemolhosseini, Mehdi Rezaei
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The safety of buried pipelines during earthquakes has involved a great deal of attention in last few years. Important characteristics of buried pipelines are that they cover large areas and can be subjected to a variety of geotectonic hazards. Earthquake damages to buried pipelines can be attributed to transient ground deformations (TGD), permanent ground deformations (PGD) or both. PGD occurs as a result of surface faulting, liquefaction, landslides, and differential settlement from consolidation of cohesionless soil. To evaluate seismic behavior of buried pipelines subjected to large values of permanent ground deformations, appropriate non-linear cyclic stress-strain relationship should be implemented in …
Retrofitting Of The Compressor Foundation By Cement Grouting, Behrouz Gatmiri, S. Alireza Mirlatifi, Keyvan Keyvanpazhoh
Retrofitting Of The Compressor Foundation By Cement Grouting, Behrouz Gatmiri, S. Alireza Mirlatifi, Keyvan Keyvanpazhoh
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
In this paper, the dynamic behavior and foundation improvement of a K10-type compressor with maximum horizontal load of 1800 KN, operating at 3.3 Hz (200 rpm) located at top of a concrete foundation is studied. The vibration measurements (acceleration, velocity, and displacement) of the compressor and its foundation have been recorded before and after cement pressure grouting. In brief, the maximum displacement before cement injection exceeded the specified values by the manufacturer. Therefore, the existing pile-soil-foundation system needed to be improved. As the result, a retrofit scheme using cement pressure grouting by injection was recommended. In order to predict the …
The Spread Phenomenon Of A Low Frequency Ground Vibration To Originate In The Highway Bridge And Its Simulation Analysis, Kiyoshi Hayakawa, Ikno Nakaya, Tadanori Nisimura
The Spread Phenomenon Of A Low Frequency Ground Vibration To Originate In The Highway Bridge And Its Simulation Analysis, Kiyoshi Hayakawa, Ikno Nakaya, Tadanori Nisimura
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
As for M highway bridge, it had the one for temporary be opened to traffic by July 2004. Because of that, vibration investigation was carried out to investigate this vibration cause. The complaint to face vibration from the nearby private house was sent along with this. While three houses of private houses stand in a line, as for the point which it should pay attention to in the complaint of the former term, central B house shakes sideways, and a left right private house is the point not to be shaking. When it thinks about this point, a certain vibration …
Analysis Of A Group Of Failing Retaining Walls And Remediation Measures, Sami Arsoy
Analysis Of A Group Of Failing Retaining Walls And Remediation Measures, Sami Arsoy
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
This study investigates the reasons of excessive movements of a group of reinforced-concrete retaining walls with a total length of over 300 meters, constructed in 2000 in Kocaeli, Turkey. The contractor had documented the construction stages in sufficient detail. Evaluation of available documents, field observations and engineering analysis has shown that the factor of safety for the walls was around one. In other words, the walls were slowly failing. Engineering errors on calculation of earth pressures and the use of wrong backfill were identified as the primary reasons. The factor of safety of the failing walls was significantly improved by …
Alamitos Gap: A Case Study Using The Trench Remixing And Deep Wall Method, Jeffrey C. Evans
Alamitos Gap: A Case Study Using The Trench Remixing And Deep Wall Method, Jeffrey C. Evans
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The trench remixing and deep wall method (TRD) is a one-phase process for excavation and in situ mixing of a vertical barrier. While the TRD method was developed and has been widely employed in Japan for more than a decade, it has only recently been used in the United States. Since the TRD method mixes the entire depth of the vertical profile, this method can be used to construct a more homogeneous wall than other in situ methods. Using a large revolving chain and cutter bar, the TRD equipment simultaneously excavates and mixes in situ soils and added slurry resulting …
Anchored Rcc Diaphragm Wall Coffer Dam For Bisalpur Dam (A Case - Study), Ravindra Gill, Mahavir Bidasaria
Anchored Rcc Diaphragm Wall Coffer Dam For Bisalpur Dam (A Case - Study), Ravindra Gill, Mahavir Bidasaria
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Construction of dam foundation of Bisalpur masonry dam on river Banas was posing a problem due to presence of medium and coarse sand in the river bed. In post monsoon period, though there remains very little surface flow in the river, but ipso-facto entire river flows through 10 to 12 m thick sand bed. Hence RCC diaphragm wall was conceived to play dual role i.e. to cut off the flow through the sand bed and also to act as coffer dam to divert the surface flow in the diversion channel. 60 cm thick RCC diaphragm wall has been constructed and …
Behaviour Monitorization Of A 13m High Gabions Wall, J. Matos E Silva
Behaviour Monitorization Of A 13m High Gabions Wall, J. Matos E Silva
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The paper refers a gabions retaining wall, located at Belas, about 30 km Northeast of Lisbon, in the North perimeter of an Organic Valorisation Central (Valorsul). After the wall completion some pathology occurred and it was detected that it had been partially executed with marl limestone blocks that loose mechanical resistance under rainy water. The wall was then demolished and rebuilt with adequate material. During the earth fill execution the wall was monitorized with a superficial topographical survey. The results obtained and the respective conclusions are referred.
Construction Of A Plastic Concrete Seepage Cutoff Wall For The New Coquitlam Dam, L. Yan, D. A. Trapp, A. Sy
Construction Of A Plastic Concrete Seepage Cutoff Wall For The New Coquitlam Dam, L. Yan, D. A. Trapp, A. Sy
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Coquitlam Dam, constructed in the early 1910s, is a 30 m high hydraulic fill embankment. The dam is situated in a region of high seismic hazard in British Columbia, Canada. The existing dam core and shells, and part of the dam foundation are deemed to be liquefiable under the design earthquake. A new 30 m high compacted earth core rockfill embankment dam is currently being constructed at the downstream toe of the existing dam. As part of the construction of the new dam, a seepage cutoff wall has been completed underneath the central core of the new embankment to control …
Design And Construction Of Anchored Flexible Facing Excavation Support And Soldier Pile Wall, Bon Lien, Jesús Gómez, Chris Bailey
Design And Construction Of Anchored Flexible Facing Excavation Support And Soldier Pile Wall, Bon Lien, Jesús Gómez, Chris Bailey
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
After Hurricane Ivan made landfall in 2005, the Florida Department of Transportation required the replacement of two new high level multi-span bridges that carry Interstate I-10 across the Escambia Bay in Pensacola, Florida, USA. The project required widening an area under the existing pile-supported Scenic Highway abutments with limited headroom of approximately 15 feet. The Department required cutting back the concrete-faced slope pavement below the existing bridge abutment and installing a finished vertical wall facing that consisted of precast concrete panels rendering a look of a conventional Mechanical Stabilized Earth (MSE) wall. In order to gain space for the installation …
Failure Of A Hybrid Flexible Shoring System For A 30m Excavation: Exploration Of Causes And Remedial Measures, Salah Sadek
Failure Of A Hybrid Flexible Shoring System For A 30m Excavation: Exploration Of Causes And Remedial Measures, Salah Sadek
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
One of the largest development projects in the City of Beirut involved the excavation of an area of 14,000m2 down to a depth of 30m below street level. The site is in an urban area and bound by major traffic arteries and a multi-storey office building. The shoring approach adopted for the excavation boundary walls consisted of a hybrid flexible system with multiple rows of pre-stressed anchors, followed by rows of passive nails at varying spacings and lengths. A reinforced shotcrete facing was provided across the full depth of the excavation. Upon reaching the final excavation grades across the …
Failure Of Retaining Structures In Town Lezha And Their Consequence In Neighbouring Building, Luljeta Bozo
Failure Of Retaining Structures In Town Lezha And Their Consequence In Neighbouring Building, Luljeta Bozo
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The Lezha town has a very complicate geology, high underground water table and high seismicity. Near of eight floors building was constructed a new building with two underground stories. The retaining structures at the time of excavation to the undergo damage to cause the serious problems on the existing building. In these paper I, would like to present the analyses of phenomena and the engineering measures for rehabilitation of situation. The most dangerous phenomena in the studied area were suffusion problems. From these phenomena the existing eight stories buildings underwent the differential settlement, which arrived near the limit value of …
Granular Mass Behaviour Under Passive Pressure, Petr Koudelka
Granular Mass Behaviour Under Passive Pressure, Petr Koudelka
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Actual behaviour of the soil/granular mass under lateral/earth pressure is highly complex and has not been sufficiently described and known to data. In this paper the term "Lateral pressure" is used instead of the customary "earth pressure" to differentiate a new theoretical approach to the problem and because the term "lateral pressure" appears more adequate and less general in this particular problem. A significant characteristic of lateral pressure consists in its continuous variability in time. For this reason a number of objections may be raised against the contemporary earth pressure theory. The paper sums up the present state of knowledge …
Learning Of Soil Behavior From Measured Response Of A Full Scale Test Wall In Sandy Soil, Abdolreza Osouli, Youssef M. A. Hashash
Learning Of Soil Behavior From Measured Response Of A Full Scale Test Wall In Sandy Soil, Abdolreza Osouli, Youssef M. A. Hashash
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
In urban deep excavations, instruments are placed to monitor deformations and to control construction and reduce the risk of excessive and potentially damaging deformations. The second author has introduced a new inverse analysis approach that utilizes measured excavation performance to extract the underlying soil behavior. The extracted soil behavior can be used in predicting the behavior of similar excavations. This paper provides a first implementation of this inverse analysis approach to a well instrumented full scale test wall in a sand deposit. A wall consisting of soldier beams with wood lagging was instrumented to study anchored (one and two level …
Numerical Analysis Of Algonquin Geogrid Reinforced Soil Retaining Wall Under Construction And Earthquake Loading, Javad Safadoust, Golam Moradi
Numerical Analysis Of Algonquin Geogrid Reinforced Soil Retaining Wall Under Construction And Earthquake Loading, Javad Safadoust, Golam Moradi
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
In this paper the finite element procedure was used to investigate the behavior of 6.1m high Algonquin geogrid reinforced soil retaining wall using the computer program Plaxis under construction and earthquake loading. Algonquin wall was constructed in Algonquin, Illinois by FHWA (Federal Highway Administration).The performance of the wall was measured during the construction using inclinometers and surface optical surveys for deflection, and strain gauges for reinforcement strain distribution. In order to investigate the effect of earthquake loading on the wall performance, the 1994 Northridge earthquake motion was applied as input ground motion in the dynamic analysis. The lateral displacement, reinforcement …
Online Database Of Deep Excavation Performance And Prediction, Dimitrios C. Konstantakos
Online Database Of Deep Excavation Performance And Prediction, Dimitrios C. Konstantakos
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Deep excavations can comprise one of the most challenging design and construction geotechnical problems. Many factors affect their performance including soil strength, ground-water, building surcharges, construction methods, and construction techniques. Engineers are confounded with the complex problem of predicting behavior while producing a safe and economical design. Typical parameters of interest are design wall moments, bracing forces, wall displacements, and ground or building settlements. Many authors have compiled case histories that quantify maximum observed displacements in various publications. Often, these publications include benchmarking of observed behavior otherwise known as Class “C” predictions. Few authors have compiled Class “A” predictions where …
Practical Lessons From Failure Of A Reinforced Soil Retaining Wall On A Major Highway, P. Jagannatha Rao
Practical Lessons From Failure Of A Reinforced Soil Retaining Wall On A Major Highway, P. Jagannatha Rao
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
A “Reinforced Soil Retaining Wall” (RSR) wall of 10.5m height collapsed about 5 years after construction. HDPE geogrids were used as reinforcement. The facia panels suffered outward movements during construction and the deformations continued to increase. A 16m long stretch of the RSR wall failed and the failure wedge cut through four layers of reinforcement. The paper analyses the role of different factors in causing the failure. Tension tests were carried out on the geogrids exhumed from the failed zone. A significant loss in the strength of these grids was found which may be attributed to the high ambient temperatures …
Reconstruction Of Pier Foundations Of The Charles Bridge In Prague, Jan Masopust
Reconstruction Of Pier Foundations Of The Charles Bridge In Prague, Jan Masopust
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The paper deals with the permanent protection of piers No. 8 and 9 of the Charles Bridge in Prague, Czech Republic. The bridge was built in the 14th century to the order of Emperor Charles IV. The bridge has damaged several times during the past 650 years, mainly by flood. Deeply founded and adequately resistant envelope around the foundations of both piers was designed. The envelope consists of the steel micropiles in combination with jet-grouted columns, which were both retracted into the bedrock. Another type of envelope made of Larssen sheet piles was designed for both upstream and downstream pier …
Seismic Response Validation Of Dm Treated Liquefiable Soils, Raj V. Siddharthan, Ali Porbaha
Seismic Response Validation Of Dm Treated Liquefiable Soils, Raj V. Siddharthan, Ali Porbaha
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
When structures are founded on loose saturated sandy soils, deep mixing (DM) is often an attractive remedial measure against liquefaction. The locations away from deep mixed treated area represent free-field, while strong nonlinear soil-structure interaction effects are expected around the treated area. A simplified approach that is flexible enough to accommodate important factors that affect DM treated soil sites has been recently developed. The seismic response characteristics of the DM sites have been assessed based on the residual porewater pressure response (or liquefaction) since this is a widely-used engineering response indicator. The seismic response of a DM treated field case, …
Slurry Trench Stability Analysis – Constructing Cement-Bentonite Slurry Trench Adjacent To Existing Soil-Bentonite Backfill, Xiaohai Wang, François G. Bernardeau, Jean-Claude Younan
Slurry Trench Stability Analysis – Constructing Cement-Bentonite Slurry Trench Adjacent To Existing Soil-Bentonite Backfill, Xiaohai Wang, François G. Bernardeau, Jean-Claude Younan
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Vertical containment walls have been used as barriers to cut off hazardous fluid and chemical flow in the ground at contaminated sites. An application of this technique in South Carolina is to construct a 1.6-mile long containment wall along a dike using cement-bentonite slurry, which features low permeability and high compressive strength. However, concerns about the stability of the cement-bentonite slurry trench have been raised because an existing soil-bentonite wall will be in very close proximity to the alignment of the cement-bentonite slurry trench; and the shear strength of the existing soil bentonite backfill is considered to be low. Excessive …
Stability Of A Mse Wall Under Bridge Falsework Bent Surcharge, Kumars Zand-Parsa, Kamran Zand-Parsa
Stability Of A Mse Wall Under Bridge Falsework Bent Surcharge, Kumars Zand-Parsa, Kamran Zand-Parsa
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
A very long cast in place pre-stressed concrete box girder bridge with tall columns in southern California is under construction. Two of the falsework bents were set on top of an uncompleted 9.5m tall MSE wall back fill. The concern was about the unexpected surcharge load behind the MSE wall during the soffit and stem bridge concrete pour, and the influence of the uniform concentrated surcharge on the wall stability and the bridge as well. The falsework bent load had created unexpected vertical load behind the MSE wall that could decrease the wall stability by generating extra lateral pressure and …