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Articles 10651 - 10680 of 21775

Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Damage Of Governmental Building Due To Geotechnical Properties (Case History), Emad A. M. Osman, Suzan S. M. Salem Aug 2008

Damage Of Governmental Building Due To Geotechnical Properties (Case History), Emad A. M. Osman, Suzan S. M. Salem

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

This paper is a case study for a governmental building in a site located at Katamia zone (an extension of Great Cairo, Egypt). The site is belonging the Great Cairo Bus Station under the authority of Ministry of Transportation. It consists of two buildings and a shed for buses cleaning and lubrication. The buildings had been constructed since 15 years. However after two years of construction many cracks were noticed in the main building. Furthermore, after another few years, sever cracks had appeared in different parts of the building and the concrete water tank on the roof of same building …

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Case Histories Of Damage Of Foundations Near Sliding Slopes, Constantine A. Stamatopoulos Aug 2008

Case Histories Of Damage Of Foundations Near Sliding Slopes, Constantine A. Stamatopoulos

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The paper studies the effect of large slope movements on foundations through case histories. More than 30 well-documented case histories of damaged buildings near the tip of slopes due to excessive movement caused by either heavy rain or earthquakes were collected. The case histories showed that a critical factor affecting the level of damage of buildings, is the coefficient Ι, that is defined as the ratio of the width below the foundation that settles by the total width of the foundation: (a) When Ι < 0.2, collapse does not occur, even if settlement is very large, (b). When 0.2 < Ι < 1.0, the level of damage depends both on settlement and the factor l. (c) When Ι=1, buildings may not collapse, even if the settlement is very large, about 1m, but damage and rotation may be high. The above hold regardless of the cause of the slide: heavy rain or earthquake.

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Case History Of Osterberg Cell Testing Of A Φ1500mm Bored Pile And The Interpretation Of The Strain Measurements For Princess Tower, Dubai, U.A.E., A. Canan Emrem, H. Fatih Kulac, H. Turan Durgunoglu, Gorkem Icoz Aug 2008

Case History Of Osterberg Cell Testing Of A Φ1500mm Bored Pile And The Interpretation Of The Strain Measurements For Princess Tower, Dubai, U.A.E., A. Canan Emrem, H. Fatih Kulac, H. Turan Durgunoglu, Gorkem Icoz

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

This paper reports a well-documented case history of a successful Osterberg Cell testing performed on a working pile cast for the foundations of the Princess Tower in Dubai. Princess Tower which is considered as the tallest residential tower in the world (currently being registered with Guiness Book & Records) up to an approximate 5000 tons demonstrating the efficiency of the testing methodology when accompanied by high-quality construction technique. The tower is 107 floors high and contains a combination of luxury apartments, offices, sales outlets, car parking spaces, sports and recreational clubs and hotel suites. The Osterberg load test was carried …

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Approaches Of Analysis Of Ogee Shaped Barrage Raft Floor On Varying Foundation Media, Kumar Venkatesh, N. K. Samadhiya, A. D. Pandey Aug 2008

Approaches Of Analysis Of Ogee Shaped Barrage Raft Floor On Varying Foundation Media, Kumar Venkatesh, N. K. Samadhiya, A. D. Pandey

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The analysis of ogee shaped barrage raft floor is a challenging task for the designers because of varying heterogeneous strata disposition, worst combination of loading conditions and functional requirements. A typical Indian barrage bay 3 and 4 has been chosen for analytical comparison between conventional and numerical approach. The behavior of ogee shaped barrage raft floor under representative load cases highlighted that conventional analytical approach i.e. Hetenyi’s method may prove to be inadequate for varying foundation media, which has been recommended by Indian standard code. Unlike the analytical approach, the numerical approach of analysis especially the finite element method with …

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Deformations Of Existing Buildings, Caused By Construction Activities, V. A. Barvashov, E. A. Parfenov, P. I. Yastrebov, A. N. Gavrilov, E. M. Gryaznova Aug 2008

Deformations Of Existing Buildings, Caused By Construction Activities, V. A. Barvashov, E. A. Parfenov, P. I. Yastrebov, A. N. Gavrilov, E. M. Gryaznova

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Construction of a new building (NB) affects existing adjacent old buildings (OB) during pit excavation, piling, footing and NB erection. Two relevant history cases are described. In the first one, the graphs of OB settlements versus distance from the pit are given for the period of pit excavation and the total settlements for the period of NB erection. The second case gives the family of OB settlement time-related graphs versus distance from the pit, in which these settlements were caused by piling operations.

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Foundation Design For The Burj Dubai – The World’S Tallest Building, Harry G. Poulos, Grahame Bunce Aug 2008

Foundation Design For The Burj Dubai – The World’S Tallest Building, Harry G. Poulos, Grahame Bunce

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

This paper describes the foundation design process adopted for the Burj Dubai, the world’s tallest building. The foundation system is a piled raft, founded on deep deposits of carbonate soils and rocks. The paper will outline the geotechnical investigations undertaken, the field and laboratory testing programs, and the design process, and will discuss how various design issues, including cyclic degradation of skin friction due to wind loading, were addressed. The numerical computer analysis that was adopted for the original design together with the check/calibration analyses will be outlined, and then the alternative analysis employed for the peer review process will …

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Evaluation And Repair Of A Subterranean Parking Garage To Resist Hurricane Flood Levels, Matthew E. Meyer, Lijian Zhou, Cristina M. González Aug 2008

Evaluation And Repair Of A Subterranean Parking Garage To Resist Hurricane Flood Levels, Matthew E. Meyer, Lijian Zhou, Cristina M. González

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Near-surface groundwater levels and high flood levels associated with flooding events impose significant hydrostatic forces on subterranean parking structures in Florida. Unique geologic conditions and the associated high hydraulic conductivities of the subsurface materials have precluded the use of conventional underdrain systems to provide hydrostatic relief. The case history presented here discusses the evaluation and repair of a subterranean parking garage of an existing office building that exhibited signs of distress including severe cracking of the ground floor slab, excessive quantities of water continuously seeping through these cracks and ponding water. Although various rehabilitation alternatives were evaluated, removal, replacement and …

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Design And Load Verification Of Driven Pile Foundations, Ching Tsai, Zhongjie Zhang Aug 2008

Design And Load Verification Of Driven Pile Foundations, Ching Tsai, Zhongjie Zhang

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Eleven pile load tests were reviewed and analyzed to document the issues related to the design and load tests of driven pile foundations for a new bridge construction project in Louisiana. This project involves the design and construction of an elevated bridge approximately 17 miles in length. The project area is located in a Coastal Deltaic Plain, Saline Marsh area, underlain by slightly under-consolidated to normally-consolidated weak clays to depths greater than 200 feet. Environmental and site constraints limited the use of pile types and load test methods for this project. The geotechnical investigation methods consist of both cone penetration …

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Foundation Rehabilitation Of Bridge Over Danube: The Role Of Pile Integrity Testing, W. Wu, M. S. Acharya, F. Aschauer, J. Ludwig Aug 2008

Foundation Rehabilitation Of Bridge Over Danube: The Role Of Pile Integrity Testing, W. Wu, M. S. Acharya, F. Aschauer, J. Ludwig

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The construction of the bridge near Pöchlarn over Danube, in Austria was begun 1998 and completed in 2002. The four middle piers of the bridge consist of sink caissons made of pre-cast reinforced concrete elements. Each caisson is founded on 18 bored piles of 1.2 m diameter. In a first step, two pilot piles of about 40 m length are installed for each caisson. After the pilot piles were completed, an accident happened in April 1999. A cargo ship collided with the pier no 3 and damaged the two pilot piles. Since the piles were below water level, it was …

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History Of Ultimate Limit State Of Bored Piles, Petr Koudelka Aug 2008

History Of Ultimate Limit State Of Bored Piles, Petr Koudelka

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

In European Union, the basic geotechnical code "EUROCODE 7 - Geotechnical design, Part 1 - General rules" (EC7-1) has been finished and its National Annexes have been drafted. The designs according to both EC7-1 and the Czech basic standard ČSN 73 0031 “Structural reliability – Basic requirements for design” are based on the Limit State Design theory. However, there is a principal difference between the inputs according to EC7-1 and the inputs according to ČSN 73 0031. In general, the input difference results in too conservative (ineffective) designs according to EC7-1 and more effective (more optimistic) designs according to ČSN. …

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Laboratory Investigation On The Behaviour Of Improved Organic Soil Of Khulna Region, M. A. Mahamud, M. Alamgir, M. J. Hossain Aug 2008

Laboratory Investigation On The Behaviour Of Improved Organic Soil Of Khulna Region, M. A. Mahamud, M. Alamgir, M. J. Hossain

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The conventional foundation systems are not suitable for the massive structures in Khulna region i.e. South-west part of Bangladesh because an organic soil layer exists at a depth 10ft to 25ft from the existing ground surface. The existence of organic soil layer in the deposits results excessive settlement due to its high compressibility and low shear strength. To overcome the problem, soil improvement techniques are usually adopted depending upon the type of constructions. It is necessary to know the degree of improvement for the different improved grounds prior to the selection of ground improvement techniques. So a laboratory investigation was …

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New Pile Instrumentation Technique For Driven And Jacked –In Prestressed Spun Concrete Piles, Haji Ali Faisal, Sieng Kai Lee Aug 2008

New Pile Instrumentation Technique For Driven And Jacked –In Prestressed Spun Concrete Piles, Haji Ali Faisal, Sieng Kai Lee

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Currently, strain gauges are normally used to monitor the shortening or compression of pile during static pile load test. For concrete spun pile, the technique used either by incorporating high temperature-resistant strain gauges into the heat-cured production process of the spun piles or by installing an instrumented steel pipe into the hollow core of the spun piles followed by cement grout infilling. The former is extremely unpopular due to high cost of these gauges and the uncertainty over their ability to survive the pile production and driving processes. The shortcoming of the other technique is the infilling of cement grout …

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Numerical Analysis Of Drivability Of Non-Uniform Piles, Mahmoud Ghazavi, Omid Tavassoli Aug 2008

Numerical Analysis Of Drivability Of Non-Uniform Piles, Mahmoud Ghazavi, Omid Tavassoli

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

This paper presents a numerical analysis of pile driving for tapered piles using FLAC software. The approach involves idealization of pile-soil system in pile drivability. The pile is assumed to be vertical and have elastic and linear behaviour. The soil is assumed to be elasto-plastic material which obeys the Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion. To allow slip between the pile and the soil in pile driving, interface elements are used at the pile-soil borders along the shaft and the toe. Quiet boundaries are considered in the lateral and vertical directions for the soil to absorb traveling waves. The obtained numerical results are …

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On Pile Foundation Performance In The Offshore Fields Of Qatar: Installation Evaluations, Discrepancies, And Remedial Measures, Waddah Akili Aug 2008

On Pile Foundation Performance In The Offshore Fields Of Qatar: Installation Evaluations, Discrepancies, And Remedial Measures, Waddah Akili

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

This paper addresses discrepancies between design of driven piles for offshore platforms in Qatar, the Arabian Gulf, and their “as-installed” ultimate capacities and safety factors. The paper makes use of pile installation records derived from several platforms in the offshore of the Gulf Region. More specifically, the paper evaluates “as–installed” ultimate capacities and safety factors, recommends remedial installation procedures when piles refuse before design penetration is achieved, and proposes a means for determining pile acceptability for piles meeting refusal short of design penetration. This case history offers what is believed to be relevant recommendations to guide the design and installation …

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Pile Driving And The Elastic Rebound Theory, Kumars Zand-Parsa, Kamran Zand-Parsa Aug 2008

Pile Driving And The Elastic Rebound Theory, Kumars Zand-Parsa, Kamran Zand-Parsa

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Almost all the bridge footings in southern California are on piles due to the soil condition. Steel (H & W), reinforced concrete and steel pipe filled with reinforced concrete are common piles that are using at bridge abutment and bent footings. Various methods and procedures are available when using known driving energy to determine the bearing capacity of the pile. These procedures can be categorized into three areas: (1) pile driving formulas, (2) wave equation analysis of pile driving, and (3) dynamic pile driving analysis. Pile driving formulas all utilize the energy delivered per blow, the resistance to movement of …

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Settlement Analysis Of Axially Loaded Piles, Hoyoung Seo, Monica Prezzi, Rodrigo Salgado Aug 2008

Settlement Analysis Of Axially Loaded Piles, Hoyoung Seo, Monica Prezzi, Rodrigo Salgado

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

In pile design, settlement controls the design in most cases because, by the time a pile has failed in terms of bearing capacity, it is very likely that serviceability will have already been compromised. This notwithstanding, pile foundations are often designed based on the calculations of ultimate resistances reduced by factors of safety. This is in part due to the lack of accessible realistic analyses for estimation of settlement, especially for piles installed in layered soil. This paper presents a new settlement analysis method for axially loaded piles in multilayered soil and analyzes two case histories for which load tests …

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Soil-Structure Interaction Considerations In Seismic Design For Deep Bridge Foundations, Dan Yang, Ernest Naesgaard, Peter M. Byrne Aug 2008

Soil-Structure Interaction Considerations In Seismic Design For Deep Bridge Foundations, Dan Yang, Ernest Naesgaard, Peter M. Byrne

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Soil-structure interaction (SSI) effects when evaluating seismic response of deep bridge foundations to earthquake loading are complex and sometimes intriguing. The main factors in soil-structure interaction considerations that govern the seismic design of deep bridge foundations include interactive inertial forces, soil-pile kinematic forces in particular in liquefied sands or strain-softened clays due to seismic shaking, and the loss of soil support to the piles due to soil liquefaction. To evaluate these three key effects for the design of bridge foundations in seismic regions, soil-structure interaction analyses are normally required. Such analyses become more complex when soils supporting the bridge foundations …

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Soil-Structure Interaction Effects Of High Rise Buildings, Hien Nghiem, Nien-Yin Chang Aug 2008

Soil-Structure Interaction Effects Of High Rise Buildings, Hien Nghiem, Nien-Yin Chang

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

As high rises are built or designed for in areas of high seismic activities, it is critical to examine their seismic responses using analysis code that reveals a more realistic view of the behavior of these structures for their performance under strong seismic shaking. To understand the seismic soil-structure interaction effects, a 33-story building and a 20-story building were subjected to seismic response analysis using SSI-3D. To reflect the evolution of SSI effects, analyses were performed for the cases with rigid base, flexible base with linear foundation springs, flexible base with linear soil, flexible with nonlinear springs, and the full …

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Study Of Behaviour Of Square And Rectangular Footings Resting On Cohesive Soils Based On Model Tests, S. R. Pathak, S. N. Kamat, D. R. Phatak Aug 2008

Study Of Behaviour Of Square And Rectangular Footings Resting On Cohesive Soils Based On Model Tests, S. R. Pathak, S. N. Kamat, D. R. Phatak

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The estimation of a reliable value of bearing Capacity of soil is the most important step in the foundation design work. Number of theoretical approaches and in-situ tests for the estimation of bearing capacity of footing are available. The reliability of any theory can be demonstrated by comparing the experimental test results on field footings with theoretical predictions. One of the reliable methods is the load test on full sized footing. However, this test as covered under IS 1888-1982 is too expensive and time consuming. Model tests can be conducted on footings of various sizes. The surface characteristics for different …

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The Modeling Of Deformation Process In Soils With Use Of Ansys And Ls-Dyna Programs, G. G. Boldyrev, A. J. Muyzemnek Aug 2008

The Modeling Of Deformation Process In Soils With Use Of Ansys And Ls-Dyna Programs, G. G. Boldyrev, A. J. Muyzemnek

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

In this paper the results of experimental and numerical researches of sand deformation in the basis of a rigid stamp loaded with central and eccentric loads in conditions of a plane and 3D space problem are shown. The numerical solution of a problem is executed with use of programs ANSYS, LS-DYNA and models of soil Drucker-Prager and Сар. The movement equations solution is executed with use of Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) method that has allowed to solve a problem at large deformations, even for the sandy basis stability loss.

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Time-Dependent Bearing Capacity Increase Of Uniformly Driven Tapered Piles- Field Load Test, Mahmoud Ghazavi, Hossein Ali Ahmadi Aug 2008

Time-Dependent Bearing Capacity Increase Of Uniformly Driven Tapered Piles- Field Load Test, Mahmoud Ghazavi, Hossein Ali Ahmadi

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

This paper describes the results of field load tests on concrete tapered and straight-sided piles driven into a cohesive saturated ground. The piles were driven into a depth of 12 m at a close distance using diesel hammer machine. The soil profile consisted mainly of soft CL and ML in the Unified Soil Classification System. Two piles were tested initially after 35 days from the installation date using maintained load test procedure according to ASTM D1143-81. Then similar tests were performed on two piles after 289 days following the installation date. The results showed the capacities of both piles were …

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Damage To Masonry Retaining Walls During Niigataken-Chuetsu Earthquake, Mitsu Okamura, Shinya Shigematsu Aug 2008

Damage To Masonry Retaining Walls During Niigataken-Chuetsu Earthquake, Mitsu Okamura, Shinya Shigematsu

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Niigata Prefecture of Japan was hit by two large earthquakes in recent years 2004 and 2007. In particular during the 2004 Earthquake, large number of retaining walls which had supported road embankments in the mountainous area collapsed, resulting in cutting off road traffic and complete isolation of people in the neighborhood for a long time. An extensive investigation of a number of damaged and undamaged road embankments in the mountainous area revealed that catastrophic failure of embankments constructed on sloping foundation soils were in many cases triggered by the damage of retaining walls and most of such damaged retaining walls …

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Evaluation Of The Martin Et Al. (1975) Pore Pressure Build Up Model Using Laboratory Test Data, Sara Nabili, Yaser Jafarian, Mohammad H. Baziar Aug 2008

Evaluation Of The Martin Et Al. (1975) Pore Pressure Build Up Model Using Laboratory Test Data, Sara Nabili, Yaser Jafarian, Mohammad H. Baziar

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Liquefaction has occurred during numerous earthquakes and it has caused damages and catastrophic failures. This phenomenon takes place due to the excess pore pressure development in loose saturated granular soils. Researchers have attempted to predict these phenomena (excess pore water pressure and liquefaction) using constitutive modeling and numerical approaches. In this paper, a numerical modeling procedure is presented to predict the seismic excess pore water pressure using a fully coupled effective stress analysis. A few cyclic and monotonic element tests and a level ground centrifuge test conducted during VELACS project were utilized to calibrate the numerical models. The Mohr-Coulomb elastic-perfectly …

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Effect Of Foundation-Reservoir Interaction On Seismic Behaviour Of Gravity Dams, R. Ayothiraman, Damodar Maity, Garnish Khasung Aug 2008

Effect Of Foundation-Reservoir Interaction On Seismic Behaviour Of Gravity Dams, R. Ayothiraman, Damodar Maity, Garnish Khasung

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

This paper discusses the combined effect of foundation-reservoir interaction on the seismic response of concrete gravity dam by considering a case study: Bichom Concrete Gravity Dam located in Arunachal Pradesh, India. The dam comprises of overflow and non-overflow monoliths and seismic analysis was carried out for both monoliths separately for Design Basis Earthquake excitation (DBE) assuming linear behaviour. The significance of foundation flexibility on the seismic response of dam was investigated by comparing the response of dam with rigid and flexible foundations. The hydrodynamic effect of impounded water is modeled as an added mass by Chopra’s Method. Effect of foundation-reservoir …

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Generating Realistic Ground Motions For Nonlinear Seismic Hazard Analysis — An Application To Hard Rock Sites In Eastern North America, Jale Tezcan Aug 2008

Generating Realistic Ground Motions For Nonlinear Seismic Hazard Analysis — An Application To Hard Rock Sites In Eastern North America, Jale Tezcan

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

This paper aims to determine the dependence of seismic response on the shape of the time-domain filter used in the stochastic method of ground motion prediction. Brune’s single-corner point source model was used in conjunction with the current attenuation relationships developed for hard rock sites in the Eastern North America (ENA) to obtain the target ground motion spectrum. A total of three hundred synthetic accelerograms were generated by filtering the Gaussian white noise with exponential, triangular and trapezoidal windows. For each accelerogram, displacement response of the Duffing’s oscillator was calculated, and its average amplitude spectrum was constructed in the joint …

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Investigation Of Dynamic Behavior Of Asphalt Core Dams, Sh. Salemi, M. H. Baziar, C. M. Merrifield, T. Heidari Aug 2008

Investigation Of Dynamic Behavior Of Asphalt Core Dams, Sh. Salemi, M. H. Baziar, C. M. Merrifield, T. Heidari

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

In this research, dynamic behavior of a rockfill dam with asphalt-concrete core has been studied utilizing numerical models and centrifuge model tests with material parameters determined by laboratory tests including static and cyclic triaxial tests and also wave velocity measurements. The case study selected is the Meyjaran asphalt core dam, recently constructed in Northern Iran, with 60 m height and 180 m crest length. The seismic response analyses have been performed using a non-linear three dimensional finite difference software under various hazard levels of earthquake loadings. Their results showed that the induced shear strains in the asphalt core are less …

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Numerical Modeling Of Columnar Reinforced Ground 1999 Kocaeli Earthquake Case History, C. Guney Olgun, James R. Martin Ii Aug 2008

Numerical Modeling Of Columnar Reinforced Ground 1999 Kocaeli Earthquake Case History, C. Guney Olgun, James R. Martin Ii

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The Kocaeli Earthquake (M=7.4) struck Turkey on August 17, 1999 and caused significant damage along Izmit Bay. Following the earthquake, the authors investigated the field performance at improved soil sites. Of particular interest was the Carrefour Shopping Center that was under construction during the earthquake. The reclaimed site is underlain by strata of saturated soft clays, silts, and liquefiable loose sands. Small-diameter jet-grout columns had been installed at close spacings to reduce settlements and prevent liquefaction-related damage beneath footings and mats. Nonlinear dynamic three-dimensional finite element analyses were conducted to model the reinforced ground at Carrefour. The results show that …

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Pakistan’S Kashmir-Hazara Zone And The October 08, 2005 Earthquake, Syed Kazim Mahdi Aug 2008

Pakistan’S Kashmir-Hazara Zone And The October 08, 2005 Earthquake, Syed Kazim Mahdi

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

A mega shallow depth earthquake originated from the Pakistan’s Kashmir Hazara Zone (KHZ). The KHZ under the context of regional surface and sub-surface geology displays a complex seismotectonic scenario. Its earthquake prone structures occur both exposed on the surface as major faults/folds and also at depth beneath the surface as mega crustal deformations. Former are visible and have been investigated geologically by mapping and their surface behaviour verified by various geophysical methods, whereas the deeper ones interpreted by the monitoring of seismotectonic events. The Kashmir-Hazara Syntaxis (KHS) is an anomalous folded structure which emanates from the Pir Panjal Range in …

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Prediction Of Post-Earthquake Failure For A Near-Shore Slope In A Low Seismic Region, Mahmood Seid-Karbasi, James Ji, Upul Atukorala, Peter Byrne Aug 2008

Prediction Of Post-Earthquake Failure For A Near-Shore Slope In A Low Seismic Region, Mahmood Seid-Karbasi, James Ji, Upul Atukorala, Peter Byrne

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Liquefaction of water-saturated sandy soils remains a major concern in geotechnical earthquake engineering. Experience from past earthquakes indicates that large lateral spreads and flow slides in sand deposits have taken place in coastal and river areas not only during shaking but also some time after earthquake shaking ceases. The ground slopes in these slides were often gentler than a few percent. Recent research including physical model tests and numerical investigations indicates that the presence of a low permeability silt or clay layer as a hydraulic barrier may be responsible for some of the historical and seemingly unexplainable landslides. This paper …

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Recent Damaging Earthquakes In Japan, 2003-2008, Robert Kayen Aug 2008

Recent Damaging Earthquakes In Japan, 2003-2008, Robert Kayen

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

During the last six years, from 2003-2008, Japan has been struck by three significant and damaging earthquakes: The most recent M6.6 Niigata Chuetsu Oki earthquake of July 16, 2007 off the coast of Kashiwazaki City, Japan; The M6.6 Niigata Chuetsu earthquake of October 23, 2004, located in Niigata Prefecture in the central Uonuma Hills; and the M8.0 Tokachi Oki Earthquake of September 26, 2003 effecting southeastern Hokkaido Prefecture. These earthquakes stand out among many in a very active period of seismicity in Japan. Within the upper 100 km of the crust during this period, Japan experienced 472 earthquakes of magnitude …

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