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Articles 10471 - 10500 of 21775
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Rehabilitation Of La Nerthe Tunnel On Paris-Marseille High-Speed Railway Line, Verya Nasri, Christian Winum, Pierre Magnien
Rehabilitation Of La Nerthe Tunnel On Paris-Marseille High-Speed Railway Line, Verya Nasri, Christian Winum, Pierre Magnien
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The La Nerthe tunnel is located on the Paris-Marseille railway line under the Étoile mountain range. This 4638 m long double track tunnel was built at the middle of 19th century under a maximum cover of 180 m and currently is used as part of the high-speed railway line (TGV). This masonry tunnel with hard limestone blocks at the sidewalls and bricks at the crown passes through marl, gypsum and limestone zones. A major fault with accompanying extensive tectonic deformations cuts across the tunnel axis. The in-situ stress tests performed on the new high-speed rail line in the zone with …
Support Of Rock Cuts At Washington-Dulles International Airport, J. Sturman, E. B. Rehwoldt, C. D. Martin
Support Of Rock Cuts At Washington-Dulles International Airport, J. Sturman, E. B. Rehwoldt, C. D. Martin
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Expansions at the Washington-Dulles International Airport since 1999 have required extensive vertical, open-cut rock excavations in Triassic age siltstone bedrock. These excavations have extended to depths of up to approximately 65 ft (20 m) adjacent to existing infrastructure for construction of new below-ground stations for the new Automated People Mover (APM) light rail system. The selection of design support pressures for the rock excavations was an important decision, balancing the projects’ risks and construction costs. At the center of this issue was the development of a geotechnical model of the rock mass and its primary failure mechanism. Thus, a comprehensive …
Advanced, Modern And Innovative Technologies Used At The Houston Airport System (Stabilized Subgrades And Stabilized Bases), Adil Godiwalla
Advanced, Modern And Innovative Technologies Used At The Houston Airport System (Stabilized Subgrades And Stabilized Bases), Adil Godiwalla
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The technical paper and presentation will give the audience at the conference an exhilarating surf ride of some of the leading edge of technologies in airport engineering. We have been using these advanced, modern and innovative technologies at the three airports in the Houston Airport System for the last twenty-three years. This should blend beautifully with the theme and title of the conference. The following topics among numerous others used should be enough to whet one’s appetite for advance, modern and innovative technologies in airport engineering. These project applications in the real world have made the Houston Airport System one …
Artificial Ground Freezing In Geotechnical Engineering, Dong K. Chang, Hugh S. Lacy
Artificial Ground Freezing In Geotechnical Engineering, Dong K. Chang, Hugh S. Lacy
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Artificial ground freezing converts soil pore water to ice. The resulting frozen ground is relatively strong and impervious. It has been used in many geotechnical engineering applications, especially difficult and unusual construction projects. Its applications have been widely used in temporary excavation supports for deep circular shaft construction. Recently, its applications have expanded to provide temporary support for deep open cut excavations and ground stabilization for tunneling. This paper describes artificial ground freezing technology, discusses its engineering properties, illustrates its applications in geotechnical engineering, and concludes with a brief summary of various artificial ground freezing project experiences. Design and performance …
Design And Construction Of Granular Soil Columns For Ground Improvement Of Very Soft Soils For Road Embankments, Stavros A. Savidis, Frank Rackwitz, Maik Schüßler
Design And Construction Of Granular Soil Columns For Ground Improvement Of Very Soft Soils For Road Embankments, Stavros A. Savidis, Frank Rackwitz, Maik Schüßler
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The first presented case history is the construction of a new federal road south of Berlin, Germany. An embankment has been designed to cross a region of very soft peat soil with underlying organic silt, sand and boulder clay, with a total length of about 140 m. Ground improvement using sand columns with a diameter of 0.6 m and a distance of 1.5 m were designed and applied to all regions with more than 2.5 m thickness of the organic soil layer. Geogrids were used in addition to the vertical sand columns to take into account the action of horizontal …
Earthquake Mitigation By Blast Densification, Ulrich La Fosse, Theodore Von Rosenvinge Iv
Earthquake Mitigation By Blast Densification, Ulrich La Fosse, Theodore Von Rosenvinge Iv
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
This paper presents a case study of blast densification of a site underlain by a loose, saturated, natural sand deposit. Densification was performed to mitigate the risk of liquefaction from earthquake-induced ground vibrations. The work was implemented as part of the design-build construction of the Marine Corps Reserve Training Center at the Westover Air Reserve Base in Chicopee, Massachusetts. Following review of preliminary subsurface data at the site, the contractor retained a team to design and implement ground improvement by blast densification. The team, led by a geotechnical engineering firm, included a blaster, a driller, and a cone penetrometer testing …
Evaluation Of Empirical Relationships For Dynamic Compaction In Liquefiable Reclaimed Silty Sand Layers Using Pre/Post Cone Penetration Tests, Hamid Reza Nouri, Hamid Ali-Elahi, Mehdi Jalili, Ehsan Seyedi Hosseininia
Evaluation Of Empirical Relationships For Dynamic Compaction In Liquefiable Reclaimed Silty Sand Layers Using Pre/Post Cone Penetration Tests, Hamid Reza Nouri, Hamid Ali-Elahi, Mehdi Jalili, Ehsan Seyedi Hosseininia
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
This case history presents an application of Dynamic Compaction of the soil layers susceptible to liquefaction behind the main container quay wall of Shahid Rajaee Port Complex Development (SRPCD), situated on shores of Persian Golf near Bandar-Abbas. The liquefaction of such layers during earthquake results in the great lateral earth pressure as well as the settlement and large horizontal deformation of the main wall and anchor wall. Regarding the extension and the depth of the identified liquefiable layers, the improvement method of dynamic compaction was employed to mitigate the liquefaction destructive effect. Generally, the subsoil liquefiable layers of the SRPCD …
Geogrid-Reinforced Soil Mat For Temporary Support Of Heavy Equipment, José L. M. Clemente, Tianfei Liao, Thomas Nixon
Geogrid-Reinforced Soil Mat For Temporary Support Of Heavy Equipment, José L. M. Clemente, Tianfei Liao, Thomas Nixon
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Concrete blocks were used in a temporary storage facility to support replacement steam generators for a nuclear power plant. From the subsurface investigation, it was found that direct ground support of these concrete blocks was not feasible. In order to avoid the use of piles and associated concrete pile cap, which would be costly and take longer to build, a geogrid-reinforced soil mat foundation was adopted. The concrete blocks were put on a steel plate, which in turn rested on the geogrid-reinforced soil mat. Upon completion of the geogrid-reinforced structural fill mat, the replacement steam generators were moved into the …
Geological Alterations And Chemical Treatment Of A Polluted Limestone Foundation, B. M. Al-Khailany, R. R. Al-Omari, W. F. Sagman
Geological Alterations And Chemical Treatment Of A Polluted Limestone Foundation, B. M. Al-Khailany, R. R. Al-Omari, W. F. Sagman
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
A large factory for the production of concentrated sulphuric acid is constructed in 1977 and located in the west of Iraq near Al-Kaim city. The footings carrying the installations rest on calcareous rocks which extend deep into the ground. For many years, about 1.5 tons per day of acid seeped and percolated into the ground apart from frequent accidents when larger amounts took their path down into the ground. A record of the footings movement revealed that the footings experienced significant heave and settlement indicating a cyclic movement which depends on the frequency of seepage. The results of the past …
Geotechnical Characterization Of A Soft Clay Soil Subjected To A Preloading Embankment, Antonio Cavallaro, Salvatore Grasso, Valentina Lentini, Michele Maugeri
Geotechnical Characterization Of A Soft Clay Soil Subjected To A Preloading Embankment, Antonio Cavallaro, Salvatore Grasso, Valentina Lentini, Michele Maugeri
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The paper presents the geotechnical characterization of a clay soil subjected to a preloading embankment for the construction of an industrial electronics building in the industrial area (STM M6) of Catania (Sicily, Italy). To determine the geological profile and the geotechnical characteristics of the soil, the site was well investigated by means of in situ and laboratory tests. The following in situ geotechnical tests were carried out: Borings, SPT, CPT, PLT and dynamic in situ tests have been performed. Among them Down-Hole (D-H), Cross-Hole (C-H), SASW and recently Seismic Dilatometer Marchetti Tests (SDMT) have been carried out, with the aim …
Improvement Characteristics Of Ground Using C.G.S Through Field Case Study, Byung-Sik Chun, Duk-Hum Park, Jong-Nam Do, Yong-Goo Jang
Improvement Characteristics Of Ground Using C.G.S Through Field Case Study, Byung-Sik Chun, Duk-Hum Park, Jong-Nam Do, Yong-Goo Jang
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Compaction Grouting System is widely used in densifying loose soils or fill voids caused by sinkholes, poorly compacted fills, and soft ground improvement. Also, it is used in preventing liquefaction, re-leveling settled structures, and using compaction bulbs as structural elements of minipiles or underpinning. But the effects of ground improvement depending on the type of soil must be studied in order to adopt in various soils. In this study, characteristics analysis of the ground improvement and the effectiveness of reinforcement were grasped by this study which shows applied ground by Compaction Grouting System in domestic 6 sites. After Compaction Grouting, …
Improvement Of Soil And Rock Properties For Foundation Support For Missouri Interchange Project, Timothy J. Myers, Hristo K. Dobrev, John Szturo R. G., Wayne Duryee
Improvement Of Soil And Rock Properties For Foundation Support For Missouri Interchange Project, Timothy J. Myers, Hristo K. Dobrev, John Szturo R. G., Wayne Duryee
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Expansion and growth in the southwestern region of Missouri necessitated the expansion of State Route 249 and the construction of a new interchange to provide service to the Joplin, Missouri area. The project is located above a former lead and zinc mine in Jasper County, Missouri and includes a five bridge interchange connecting State Route 249 and US Route 171. The variable subsurface conditions, both natural and manmade prompted the design team to use ground improvement via grouting and small diameter micropiles to provide support for several of the bridge foundations on the project. The scope of work included mine …
Laboratory Seismic Wave Investigations On Improved Loess Soils As Engineered Barriers In The Radioactive Waste Repository Case, Dimitar Antonov
Laboratory Seismic Wave Investigations On Improved Loess Soils As Engineered Barriers In The Radioactive Waste Repository Case, Dimitar Antonov
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
In connection with the operation of the Kozloduy Nuclear Power Plant and the eventual start of the Belene NPP building, a construction of a National radioactive waste repository is forthcoming. The loess terrain in the Kozloduy region is among the areas considered as a prospective medium for the disposal facility. In the world radioactive waste management practice, the “multibarrier approach” for similar kind of facilities is widely spread. One of the loess soil advantages is its easy stabilization with hydraulic binders. The paper deals with the laboratory seismic waves investigations on mixtures made on the base of loess with a …
Load-Deformation Behavior Of Bentonite Amended Bottom Ash In Bending, Sanjeev Kumar, Miton Adhikari
Load-Deformation Behavior Of Bentonite Amended Bottom Ash In Bending, Sanjeev Kumar, Miton Adhikari
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Modulus of rupture of concrete is frequently used for design of concrete structures whereas flexural strength of soils is generally ignored during analysis and design of earth structures. However, geotechnical engineers still study the bending load-deformation behavior of soils because it is useful in understanding of cracking of earth embankments and compacted clay liners, particularly when they are subjected to bending stresses caused by uneven settlements. A laboratory study was conducted to measure load-deformation behavior of Illinois PCC bottom ash amended with bentonite in bending using the conventional flexural strength test. This paper presents the bending load-deformation results obtained from …
Performance Of Deep Mixing Improvement Of Alluvial Soft Soil, R. D. Verástegui Flores, W. F. Van Impe, P. Afschrift, W. Cromheeke
Performance Of Deep Mixing Improvement Of Alluvial Soft Soil, R. D. Verástegui Flores, W. F. Van Impe, P. Afschrift, W. Cromheeke
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
An extensive laboratory and in situ investigation has been carried out aiming at studying the performance of deep mixing (column) improvement of alluvial soft soil. The laboratory research was primarily focused on the choice of an appropriate binder and dosage for the in situ application. Different binders (e.g. portland cement, composite cement, and blast furnace cement) in combination with quicklime were used. The results of a series of Unconfined Compression (UC) tests showed that blast furnace cement performs rather well in terms of strength and stiffness. The experimentation in situ consisted of instrumentation of trial embankments built both on improved …
Settlement Analysis Of Chek Lap Kok Trial Embankments With Probabilistic Extensions, Bak Kong Low
Settlement Analysis Of Chek Lap Kok Trial Embankments With Probabilistic Extensions, Bak Kong Low
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Several test reclamation fills were constructed in Hong Kong in the 1980s on marine clay installed with prefabricated vertical drains prior to the construction of the Chek Lap Kok airport. Instrumentation data including settlement with time were available in the literature. The first part of this paper presents the author’s deterministic settlement analysis for comparisons with the instrumented settlement-versus-time records of the marine clay. The second part of the paper illustrates, in the context of the Chek Lap Kok test fills, a new and efficient spreadsheet-based first-order reliability algorithm. Comparisons are made with results from Monte Carlo simulations. The proposed …
The Design And Construction Of A Reinforced Embankment On Soft Compressible Soil, Gareth Swift, Russell Jones
The Design And Construction Of A Reinforced Embankment On Soft Compressible Soil, Gareth Swift, Russell Jones
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The paper centres on the design and construction of a leachate lagoon at a landfill site located in Essex, United Kingdom (UK). The lagoon is to be used for the storage of between 150,000m3 and 200,000m3 of leachate generated by the adjacent landfill site as part of its treatment process. The location of the lagoon is on the southern boundary of the site, and is bounded to the north by the landfill itself, to the east by an existing leachate treatment lagoon and to the south and west by a flood defence bund for an adjacent creek and the Thames …
Redevelopment Of A Municipal Solid Waste Landfill: Engineering Design Challenges, Derrick A. Shelton, David A. Schoenwolf, Nisha P. Mohanan
Redevelopment Of A Municipal Solid Waste Landfill: Engineering Design Challenges, Derrick A. Shelton, David A. Schoenwolf, Nisha P. Mohanan
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Loyola College in Maryland is a land-locked University in dire need of increasing its academic space. Working with the Baltimore Development Corporation, Loyola purchased a 52-acre parcel of land within miles of their campus which consisted of three closed landfills. The site was Loyola’s preferred location to construct a state-of-the-art athletic complex because moving their athletic facilities to an off-campus location would allow the expansion of their academic space. The athletic complex includes a home game field for lacrosse and soccer, two practice fields, administrative and maintenance buildings, stadium, and supporting infrastructure. Filling at the three landfills began in 1930 …
Mechanically Reinforced Earth For Steep Surcharge Slopes In Proximity Of Adjacent Structures To Improve Compressible Soils, Hiren J. Shah, Hugh S. Lacy, Matthew B. Van Rensler
Mechanically Reinforced Earth For Steep Surcharge Slopes In Proximity Of Adjacent Structures To Improve Compressible Soils, Hiren J. Shah, Hugh S. Lacy, Matthew B. Van Rensler
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
For a large scale expansion of an existing wastewater treatment plant in Virginia, constructing shallow foundations after surcharging to pre-consolidate the compressible soils at the site was found to be the most attractive foundation option. A detailed geotechnical investigation was performed to characterize the site stratigraphy and soil properties. Many of the tall and steep surcharge embankments were in close proximity of existing operating structures and utilities. Such tall and steep surcharge slopes were designed and constructed of mechanically stabilized earth (MSE). Due to the complex slope geometries, subsurface conditions and nearby critical utilities and existing structures, each MSE slope …
Failure Of Two High Embankments At Soft Soil Sites, Debasis Roy, Raghvendra Singh
Failure Of Two High Embankments At Soft Soil Sites, Debasis Roy, Raghvendra Singh
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Two highway bridge approaches, about 10 and 12 m in height, near Calcutta, India constructed with mechanically stabilized earth failed recently. These embankments were founded on soft and compressible, fine-grained soils of the intertidal flats and backswamps of the Ganges delta. One of these embankments, which failed in the final stages of its construction, was constructed after foundation soils were strengthened with preloading and prefabricated vertical drain installation and the other second embankment that failed within a month of its opening for traffic was constructed on unimproved ground. Fortunately, direct collateral damage from these incidents was small. Available geotechnical data …
Forensic On Construction Induced Failure Of Pipe Pile Foundations, Xiong Bill Yu, Yuewen Huang
Forensic On Construction Induced Failure Of Pipe Pile Foundations, Xiong Bill Yu, Yuewen Huang
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
This paper introduces a case where pipe piles failed during construction. The accident happened when constructing the Jiaoxi Pumping Station project in the southern China. The site consists of very soft sludge and silt deposits. Pipe piles were used as foundation under the station structure. The installed pipe piles were observed to show significant inclination during the construction. A forensic investigation was performed. The driving forces for pipe pile failure were attributed to the lateral load induced by the excavation activities. Small strain integrity test and inclination measurement were taken to determine the location of breakage and the extent of …
An Evaluation Of The Geotechnical Characteristics Of The Abutments Of A Proposed Bridge Across A 400-Meter River Channel In The Lower Niger Delta, Nigeria, So-Ngo Clifford Teme, Essien Ubong
An Evaluation Of The Geotechnical Characteristics Of The Abutments Of A Proposed Bridge Across A 400-Meter River Channel In The Lower Niger Delta, Nigeria, So-Ngo Clifford Teme, Essien Ubong
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The Niger Delta is situated in the southern-most section of Nigeria and forms the major crude oil reservoir of Nigeria. However, it is in most parts devoid of transportation routes. A proposed Trans-Kalabari Highway is expected to connect some of the communities located within the Mangrove (“Transition”) hydro-meteorological zone of the delta that is characterized by a network of rivers, creeks and rivulets. The left abutment of one of the bridges across a 400-meter wide river indicates that the sub-surface down to a depth of 30.00 meters at a distance of about 40.00 meters from the edge of the river …
Investigation On The Causes Of Longitudinal Cracks On Prestressed Monoblock Railway Sleepers Of Metric Gauge Of The Greek Railway Network, Spyros Tsoukantas, Konstantinos Tzanakakis, Danai Spyropoulou, Petros Panopoulos, Manto Mintzia
Investigation On The Causes Of Longitudinal Cracks On Prestressed Monoblock Railway Sleepers Of Metric Gauge Of The Greek Railway Network, Spyros Tsoukantas, Konstantinos Tzanakakis, Danai Spyropoulou, Petros Panopoulos, Manto Mintzia
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Recently (2007), during the rehabilitation of the Greek Railway Organization (OSE) line Korinth – Tripolis – Kalamata, longitudinal cracks have been observed in some of the prestressed monoblock sleepers of metric gauge used in this line. In this paper the methodology adopted by the committee that investigated the causes of this phenomenon is presented, e.g. on site investigation of the damaged sleepers, investigation of the probable causes of the cracks during the production of the sleepers (faulty concrete grade – faulty prestress level e.t.c.), together with theoretical considerations which, all together, led to the cracking of the sleepers.
Subsurface Geotechnical Engineering Investigations For A 9.833-Km Long Road And 130-Meter Wide Bridge In A Karst Topography In South-South Nigeria, So-Ngo Clifford Teme, Essien Ubong
Subsurface Geotechnical Engineering Investigations For A 9.833-Km Long Road And 130-Meter Wide Bridge In A Karst Topography In South-South Nigeria, So-Ngo Clifford Teme, Essien Ubong
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
A proposed 9.833-kilometer road to evacuate quarried limestone materials to a state cement factory near the city of Calabar in the south-south sub-region of Nigeria passes through a 130-meter wide Kwa River, six meters deep with one and half kilometers of swampy terrain on either sides. The right-of-way of the road on both sides of the river is composed of 1.00 meter thick brownish lateritic Sands and Silty Clays (SC) underlain by 2.00 meters of gravelly lateritic Sands (SW). Below these are indurated shales and limestone (SH/LST) that make up the Mfamosing limestone sequence. Borings made at both abutments of …
Case Histories Paper: Jackup Rig Spud Can Penetration: A 6,000 Ton Load Test, Eric J. Parker, Francesco Mirabelli, Lorenzo Paoletti
Case Histories Paper: Jackup Rig Spud Can Penetration: A 6,000 Ton Load Test, Eric J. Parker, Francesco Mirabelli, Lorenzo Paoletti
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
One of the most exciting geotechnical problems for the offshore engineer is the prediction of mobile jack-up rig spud can penetration. Jack-up drilling rigs are used to drill offshore oil and gas wells in water depths up to about 100 m. The rigs are supported by circular “spud can” foundations fitted at the end of extendable platform legs. Upon arrival to the site the jack-up extends the legs to the sea floor and self-elevates out of the water. This action forces the spud cans into the seabed until soil capacity is attained. Prior to jacking the rig out of the …
Degradation Of Axial Shaft Capacity Of Piles In Soft Clay Due To Cyclic Loading, Paul Doherty, Kenneth Gavin
Degradation Of Axial Shaft Capacity Of Piles In Soft Clay Due To Cyclic Loading, Paul Doherty, Kenneth Gavin
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
This paper presents details of the installation and axial compressive cyclic load tests performed on the UCD 76mm diameter highly instrumented steel pile at a soft clay test site in Belfast. Lateral stress measurements and pore pressures are obtained through pressure transducers mounted diametrically opposite each other in the pile wall at three levels. The pore pressures during installation are seen to drop off as pile-slip occurs for a given jacking stroke before rising to higher ultimate values, resulting in a brittle load response. Following an equalisation period two cyclic load tests were performed, where the loads were applied from …
Geotechnical Design Of An Offshore Gravity Base Structure, Gareth Swift
Geotechnical Design Of An Offshore Gravity Base Structure, Gareth Swift
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The paper focuses on the geotechnical design issues facing the design team responsible for the provision of an offshore Gravity Base Structure (GBS) to act as a clump weight for a Power Buoy located in the Lyell field of the northern North Sea, United Kingdom. The structure is to be positioned on the seabed, where ground conditions are considered variable but in general comprise of a surface layer of loose to very dense silty sand, underlain by a thick sequence of firm to very stiff sandy clay. Geotechnical data specific to the location of the GBS is limited; problems encountered …
New Bauer Flydrill System Drilling Monopiles At Barrow Offshore Wind Farm, Uk, Wolfgang G. Brunner, Manfred Beyer
New Bauer Flydrill System Drilling Monopiles At Barrow Offshore Wind Farm, Uk, Wolfgang G. Brunner, Manfred Beyer
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
With an output capacity of 90 MW of renewable electricity, Barrow OSWF is an offshore wind farm constructed in UK coastal waters. The site is located approximately 7 km south of Walney Island near Barrow-in-Furness, Cumbria, in the East Irish Sea. Steel monopiles with an outer diameter of 4750 mm and a wall thickness of between 45 mm and 80 mm provide the wind turbines foundations and vary in length between 49.5 m and 61.2 m weighing up to 452 tonnes. Installation of the monopile foundations with a penetration into the seabed of between 30.2 m and 40.7 m was …
Cratering And Blowing Soil By Rocket Engines During Lunar Landings, Philip T. Metzger, John E. Lane, Christopher D. Immer, Sandra Clements
Cratering And Blowing Soil By Rocket Engines During Lunar Landings, Philip T. Metzger, John E. Lane, Christopher D. Immer, Sandra Clements
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
This paper is a summary compilation of work accomplished over the past decade at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center to understand the interactions between rocket exhaust gases and the soil of the Moon or Mars. This research is applied to a case study of the Apollo 12 landing, in which the blowing soil peppered the nearby Surveyor III spacecraft producing measurable surface damage, and to the Apollo 15 landing, in which the Lunar Module tilted backwards after landing in a crater that was obscured from sight by the blowing dust. The modeling coupled with empirical observations is generally adequate to predict …
Addressing The Geotechnical Case Histories Of Beirut, Jacques Harb
Addressing The Geotechnical Case Histories Of Beirut, Jacques Harb
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The case histories of Beirut geotechnical practice is an important teaching example concerning deep and specialty foundations. Micro-piles, tie-back retaining structures, and sheet pile-walls are common practices around Beirut. The city, having reached its saturation potential and real estate prices escalating, is moving vertically to optimize investments and toward deeper exploration of underground space. The diverse geology poses also real challenges to the geotechnical practicing engineers with karstic terrains and cavities, liquefiable sandy zones and high salt water table. The geographical constraints are pushing the city toward a better exploration of land reclamation solution over a large surface of the …