Engineering Commons^™

Fretting Wear Behaviors Of Aluminum Cable Steel Reinforced (Acsr) Conductors In High-Voltage Transmission Line, Xingchi Ma, Lei Gao, Junxi Zhang, Laichang Zhang

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

This work reports the fretting wear behavior of aluminum cable steel reinforced (ACSR) conductors for use in high-voltage transmission line. Fretting wear tests of Al wires were conducted on a servo-controlled fatigue testing machine with self-made assistant apparatus, and their fretting process characteristics, friction force, wear damage, and wear surface morphology were detailed analyzed. The results show that the running regime of Al wires changes from a gross slip regime to a mixed regime more quickly as increasing contact load. With increasing amplitudes, gross slip regimes are more dominant under contact loads of lower than 30 N. The maximum friction …

Microstructure, Texture Evolution And Mechanical Properties Of Vt3-1 Titanium Alloy Processed By Multi-Pass Drawing And Subsequent Isothermal Annealing, Xiaofei Lei, Limin Dong, Zhiaqiang Zhang, Yujing Liu, Yulin Hao, Rui Yang, Laichang Zhang

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Microstructure, texture evolution, and mechanical properties of Ti–6Al–1.5Cr–2.5Mo–0.5Fe–0.3Si (VT3-1) titanium alloy processed by multi-pass drawing and subsequent isothermal annealing were systematically investigated. A fiber-like microstructure is formed after warm drawing at 760 °C with 60% area reduction. After isothermal annealing, the samples deformed to different amounts of area reduction show a similar volume fraction (80%) of α phase, while the sample deformed to 60% exhibits a homogeneous microstructure with a larger grain size (5.8 μm). The major texture component of α phase developed during warm drawing is centered at a position of {φ₁ = 10°, φ = 65°, φ …

Evaluation Of The Effect Of Product Demand Uncertainty On Manufacturing System Selection, Ana Vafadar, Majid Tolouei-Rad, Kevin Hayward

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The use of advanced manufacturing systems is widespread; however, manufacturers frequently face difficult decisions when it comes to selecting the most appropriate system. Uncertainty regarding product demand makes this process more difficult, as many factors are influencing simultaneously. This paper focuses on analyzing the demand uncertainty on the performance of modular drilling manufacturing systems versus other alternatives and evaluating the uncertainty’s impacts on the final decision. To do so, a model is suggested and the effect of demand uncertainty on the output is investigated. Three automotive components of varying complexity are used to examine the approach for making reliable decisions

An Investigation Into Spike-Based Neuromorphic Approaches For Artificial Olfactory Systems, Anup Vanarse, Adam Osseiran, Alexander Rassau

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The implementation of neuromorphic methods has delivered promising results for vision and auditory sensors. These methods focus on mimicking the neuro-biological architecture to generate and process spike-based information with minimal power consumption. With increasing interest in developing low-power and robust chemical sensors, the application of neuromorphic engineering concepts for electronic noses has provided an impetus for research focusing on improving these instruments. While conventional e-noses apply computationally expensive and power-consuming data-processing strategies, neuromorphic olfactory sensors implement the biological olfaction principles found in humans and insects to simplify the handling of multivariate sensory data by generating and processing spike-based information. Over …

Resistivity Profiles Of Perth Soil In Australia In Leak-Detection Test, Lopa M. Pandey, Sanjay K. Shukla, Daryoush Habibi

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The use of a suitable leak-detection system for the prevention and mitigation of pollution due to lining system failures is integral to the proper management of landfill facilities. This paper briefly summarises various methods of leak detection that are currently being practised. The details of a newly developed leak-detection technique are also presented. The tests were conducted to evaluate the performance of the new technique by use of controlled leakage. The resulting resistivity profiles for Perth soil in Australia were obtained at 10 min. This method is found to be effective in detecting and locating liner leakage issues within 30 …

Enhanced Corrosion And Wear Resistance Properties Of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Ni-Based Composite Coating By Laser Cladding, Jianbo Lei, Chuan Shi, Shenfeng Zhou, Zhenjie Gu, Laichang Zhang

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

To enhance the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of Ni-based coatings, carbon fibers reinforced nickel-based composite coatings (CFs/Ni) were fabricated on the surface of 1Cr13 stainless steel by laser cladding (LC). The microstructure characteristics, microhardness, wear and corrosion performances of the composite coatings were investigated. The results show that CFs can effectively improve the corrosion and wear resistances of Ni-based coatings. With increasing laser scanning speed, the morphology of CFs in composite coatings is more integral and the corrosion and wear resistances of the composite coatings are improved. Especially, when laser scanning speed is increased to 8 mm/s, the average …

Drilling Reconfigurable Machine Tool Selection And Process Parameters Optimization As A Function Of Product Demand, Ana Vafadar, Kevin Hayward, Majid Tolouei-Rad

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Special purpose machines (SPMs) are customized machine tools that perform specific machining operations in a variety of production contexts, including drilling-related operations. This research investigates the effect of optimal process parameters and SPM configuration on the machine tool selection problem versus product demand changes. A review of previous studies suggests that the application of optimization in the feasibility analysis stage of machine tool selection has received less attention by researchers. In this study, a simulated model using genetic algorithm is proposed to find the optimal process parameters and machine tool configuration. During the decision-making phase of machine tool selection, unit …

Cradg: A Chaotic Radg Security System, Salah Albermany, Maryam Nathim, Zahir Hussain

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

A high-performance ciphering algorithm is presented. The proposed method combines old school ciphering (Reaction Automata Direct Graph (RADG)) with chaotic systems to obtain higher level of security. Chaotic sequences are highly sensitive to any changes in their parameters, adding a higher level of security to the proposed approach, called CRADG.

Sensitivity Analysis For Justification Of Utilising Special Purpose Machine Tools In The Presence Of Uncertain Parameters, Ana Vafadar, Kevin Hayward, Majid Tolouei-Rad

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Decision-makers in manufacturing area frequently face machine tool selection problem under uncertainty due to competitive market changes. Special purpose machines (SPMs), a relatively new class of reconfigurable machine tools, are used to react quickly to changes. Justification of utilising these machines vs. other machine tools requires a technique to investigate the sources of uncertainties. In this work, sensitivity analysis is utilised to investigate the sources of these uncertainties and errors which may reveal new insights for evaluating a machine tool. An illustrative example is provided to show the sensitivity of parameters on the economic performance of SPMs compared to the …

Nanoscale In Photocatalysis, Zhaohui Wang, Hongqi Sun

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Rationally harvesting sunlight to carry out chemical reactions, for example, photochemistry and photocatalysis, has appeared as a beautiful episode within the long history of solar-energy utilization by human beings. Before solar-driven chemical processes approach the scale of solar panel or solar thermal application, considerate efforts are still required from effective collaborations among academia, industries, and governments. Over past few decades, the photocatalysis frontier has been continuously explored by means of interdisciplinary research. Emerging understanding in the nanoscale is most likely to lead photocatalysis into the future.

Ferric Carbide Nanocrystals Encapsulated In Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Nanotubes As An Outstanding Environmental Catalyst, Chen Wang, Jian Kang, Ping Liang, Huayang Zhang, Hongqi Sun, Moses O. Tadé, Shaobin Wang

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes encapsulating iron carbide (Fe₃C) nanocrystals (Fe₃C@NCNT) were fabricated by a simple and direct pyrolysis method using melamine and ferric chloride as the C, N and Fe precursors. The surface morphology, structure and composition of the Fe₃C@NCNT materials were thoroughly investigated. The nanomaterials were employed as novel catalysts for peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation; outstanding efficiency, high stability and excellent reusability were observed in the catalytic oxidation of organics. The encapsulated Fe₃C nanoparticles played a key role in the emerging synergetic effects of the carbide and the protective graphitic layers. In addition, …

Processing, Microstructure And Mechanical Properties Of Beta-Type Titanium Porous Structures Made By Additive Manufacturing, Yujing Liu

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Tissue engineering through the application of a low modulus, high strength format as a potential approach for increasing the durability of bone implants has been attracting significant attention. Titanium alloys are widely used for biomedical applications because of their low modulus, high biocompatibility, specific strength and corrosion resistance. These reasons affirm why titanium alloy is selected as the specific material to research. The development of low modulus biomaterials is considered to be an effective method to remove the mismatch between biomaterial implants and surrounding bone tissue, thereby reducing the risk of bone resorption. So far, Ti–24Nb–4Zr–8Sn alloy (abbreviated hereafter as …

Smart Home Energy Management: An Analysis Of A Novel Dynamic Pricing And Demand Response Aware Control Algorithm For Households With Distributed Renewable Energy Generation And Storage, Jamal Abushnaf

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Home energy management systems (HEMS) technology can provide a smart and efficient way of optimising energy usage in residential buildings. One of the main goals of the Smart Grid is to achieve Demand Response (DR) by increasing end users’ participation in decision making and increasing the level of awareness that will lead them to manage their energy consumption in an efficient way. This research presents an intelligent HEMS algorithm that manages and controls a range of household appliances with different demand response (DR) limits in an automated way without requiring consumer intervention. In addition, a novel Multiple Users and Load …

A Sound Idea: An Investigation Into Accessible Video Game Design For The Deaf And Hard Of Hearing, Luke James Brook

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

A widely accepted, and incorrect, assumption towards hearing accessibility in video games is that deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) users are those who encounter the least barriers and are generally well catered for. Rapid advancement in video game technology has seen video game sound evolve from simple blips generated by internal circuitry to fully realised digital audio used to convey critical information. To accommodate the DHH, this information needs to be conveyed in an alternative manner. However, evidence suggests existing accessible design solutions for the DHH lack specificity and are insufficient. Thus, the inability to hear, or hear well, …

From Gd2o3suspension To Nanocomposite: Synthesis, Properties And Radiation Protection, Ly B. T. La

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

This study provides details for the design, preparation of an environmentally friendly, clinically safe and lightweight radiation protective shield made ofGd2O3/epoxy nanocomposite (Gd-nanocomposite) which is proposed as an alternative to traditional toxic lead (Pb)-based aprons for diagnostic X-ray protection. In theory, this particulate nanocomposite can possess significant features of both inorganic particles and organic polymeric matrices. However, in practice, its performance does not simply depend on the sum of the individual contributions of characteristics of the constituent phases but on the interaction of their inner interfaces and the homogeneous dispersion of inorganic particles in the polymer matrix.

The miniaturization of …

Feasibility Analysis Of Using Special Purpose Machines For Drilling-Related Operations, Ana Vafadarshamasbi

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

This work focuses on special purpose machine tools (SPMs), providing a modular platform for performing drilling-related operations. One of the main challenges in using SPMs is selecting the most appropriate machine tool among many alternatives. This thesis introduces a feasibility analysis procedure developed to support decision-making through the assessment of the strengths and limitations of SPMs. To achieve this, technical and economic feasibility analyses, a sensitivity analysis, and an optimisation model were developed and a case study was provided for each analysis. The results indicated that although technical feasibility analysis leads decision-makers to select a feasible machine tool, complementary analyses …

Numerical Modeling Of Virus Transport Through Unsaturated Porous Media, Kandala Rajsekhar, Pramod Kumar Sharma, Sanjay K. Shukla

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

This paper describes the movement of virus in one-dimensional unsaturated porous media. The governing virus transport equations consider the inactivation in liquid phase, liquid–solid interface, air–liquid interface, and sorption in both liquid–solid and air–liquid interfaces. Finite-volume method has been used for solving the advection and dispersion processes of the virus transport equation. The effects of transport parameters on virus concentration profiles have been investigated for virus present in liquid phase, adsorbed liquid–solid and liquid–air phases. The results show that the movement of viruses in three phases is affected by soil moisture, inactivation rate, pore velocity, and mass transfer coefficients. It …

Exploring Civil Drone Accidents And Incidents To Help Prevent Potential Air Disasters, Graham Wild, John Murray, Glenn Baxter

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

A recent alleged “drone” collision with a British Airways Airbus A320 at Heathrow Airport highlighted the need to understand civil Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAS) accidents and incidents (events). This understanding will facilitate improvements in safety by ensuring efforts are focused to reduce the greatest risks. One hundred and fifty two RPAS events were analyzed. The data was collected from a 10-year period (2006 to 2015). Results show that, in contrast to commercial air transportation (CAT), RPAS events have a significantly different distribution when categorized by occurrence type, phase of flight, and safety issue. Specifically, it was found that RPAS …

Detecting And Tracing Slow Attacks On Mobile Phone User Service, Brian Cusack, Zhuang Tian

Australian Digital Forensics Conference

The lower bandwidth of mobile devices has until recently filtered the range of attacks on the Internet. However, recent research shows that DOS and DDOS attacks, worms and viruses, and a whole range of social engineering attacks are impacting on broadband smartphone users. In our research we have developed a metric-based system to detect the traditional slow attacks that can be effective using limited resources, and then employed combinations of Internet trace back techniques to identify sources of attacks. Our research question asked: What defence mechanisms are effective? We critically evaluate the available literature to appraise the current state of …

The Proceedings Of 14th Australian Digital Forensics Conference, 5-6 December 2016, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia, Craig Valli

Australian Digital Forensics Conference

Conference Foreword

This is the fifth year that the Australian Digital Forensics Conference has been held under the banner of the Security Research Institute, which is in part due to the success of the security conference program at ECU. As with previous years, the conference continues to see a quality papers with a number from local and international authors. 11 papers were submitted and following a double blind peer review process, 8 were accepted for final presentation and publication. Conferences such as these are simply not possible without willing volunteers who follow through with the commitment they have initially made, …

A New Insight Into High-Strength Ti62nb12.2fe13.6co6.4al5.8 Alloys With Bimodal Microstructure Fabricated By Semi-Solid Sintering, Lehua Liu, Chao Yang, L.M Kang, Shengguan Qu, Xiaoquiang Li, Weiwen Zhang, Weiping Chen, Yuanyuan Li, Peijie Li, Laichang Zhang

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

It is well known that semi-solid forming could only obtain coarse-grained microstructure in a few alloy systems with a low melting point, such as aluminum and magnesium alloys. This work presents that semi-solid forming could also produce novel bimodal microstructure composed of nanostructured matrix and micro-sized (CoFe)Ti₂ twins in a titanium alloy, Ti₆₂Nb₁₂.2Fe_13.6Co_6.4Al_5.8. The semi-solid sintering induced by eutectic transformation to form a bimodal microstructure in Ti₆₂Nb_12.2Fe_13.6Co_6.4Al_5.8 alloy is a fundamentally different approach from other known methods. The fabricated alloy …

A Review Of Current Neuromorphic Approaches For Vision, Auditory, And Olfactory Sensors, Anup Vanarse, Adam Osseiran, Alexander Rassau

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Conventional vision, auditory, and olfactory sensors generate large volumes of redundant data and as a result tend to consume excessive power. To address these shortcomings, neuromorphic sensors have been developed. These sensors mimic the neuro-biological architecture of sensory organs using aVLSI (analog Very Large Scale Integration) and generate asynchronous spiking output that represents sensing information in ways that are similar to neural signals. This allows for much lower power consumption due to an ability to extract useful sensory information from sparse captured data. The foundation for research in neuromorphic sensors was laid more than two decades ago, but recent developments …

A Novel Approach For The Preparation Of Nanosized Gd2o3 Structure: The Influence Of Surface Force On The Morphology Of Ball Milled Particles, Ly B. T. La, Yee-Kwong Leong, Harry P. Watts, Pek-Ing Watts, Kevin Hayward, Laichang Zhang

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

This work investigates the effect of inter-particle forces arising from adsorbed typical cationic and anionic surfactants on the morphology of ball milled gadolinium oxide (Gd₂O₃). The experimental outcomes are interpreted in terms of stabilization and interaction mechanisms of fine washed Gd₂O₃ particles (size diameter <1 μm) in aqueous medium under the variation of surface forces arising of adsorbed surfactant. After ball milling and washing, the point of zero charge or isoelectric point (IEP) of Gd₂O₃ particles suspension is at pH 11 where its maximum yield stress is observed. Because of hydrophobic interaction, the maximum yield stress increases by 30 times by adsorbed sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and its IEP shifts slightly to a lower pH. By cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB), …

Floating Constructed Wetland For The Treatment Of Polluted River Water: A Pilot Scale Study On Seasonal Variation And Shock Load, Tanveer Saeed, Biprojit Paul, Rumana Afrin,, Abdullah Al-Muyeed, Guangzhi Sun

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

This paper reports the performance of a pilot scale floating constructed wetland (FCW), employed for the treatment of polluted water collected from Buriganga river in Bangladesh. The FCW system included a tank for accommodating collected water and a floating mat with media, to support the growth of two macrophyte species Phragmites australis and Canna indica. Mean mass removal rates of 0.66, 0.76, 0.08, 0.51, 2.49g/m2d were achieved for ammoniacal nitrogen (NH4-N), total inorganic nitrogen (TIN), phosphorus (P), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), respectively by the FCW. Nitrogen removal was via nitrification-denitrification processes, whereas filtration-sedimentation appeared to influence …

A Practical Anodic And Cathodic Curve Intersection Model To Understand Multiple Corrosion Potentials Of Fe-Based Glassy Alloys In Oh-Contained Solutions, Yingjie Li, Yonggang Wang, Bang An, Hui Xu, Yihua Liu, Laichang Zhang, Houyi Ma, Weimin Wang

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

A practical anodic and cathodic curve intersection model, which consisted of an apparent anodic curve and an imaginary cathodic line, was proposed to explain multiple corrosion potentials occurred in potentiodynamic polarization curves of Fe-based glassy alloys in alkaline solution. The apparent anodic curve was selected from the measured anodic curves. The imaginary cathodic line was obtained by linearly fitting the differences of anodic curves and can be moved evenly or rotated to predict the number and value of corrosion potentials. © 2016 Li et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution …

Phase Transformation And Deformation Behavior Of Niti-Nb Eutectic Joined Niti Wires, Liqiang Wang, Cong Wang, Laichang Zhang, Liangyu Chen, Weijie Lu, Di Zhang

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

NiTi wires were brazed together via eutectic reaction between NiTi and Nb powder deposited at the wire contact region. Phase transformation and deformation behavior of the NiTi-Nb eutectic microstructure were investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and cyclic loading-unloading tests. Results show that R phase and B19′ martensite transformation are induced by plastic deformation. R phase transformation, which significantly contributes to superelasticity, preferentially occurs at the interfaces between NiTi and eutectic region. Round-shaped Nb-rich phase with rod-like and lamellar-type eutectics are observed in eutectic regions. These phases appear to affect the deformation behavior of the brazed NiTi-Nb region via five …

Technical Feasibility Analysis Of Utilizing Special Purpose Machine Tools, Ana Vafadar, Majid Tolouei Rad, Kevin Hayward, Kazem Abhary

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Special purpose machine tools (SPMs) are primarily used for performing drilling-related operations and are widely used in mass production including automotive component manufacturing. Utilization of SPM is considerably widespread; however, this technology is relatively new and expensive. The important problems facing manufacturing industries wishing to utilize this technology is feasibility analysis to decide whether a SPM can be utilised for production of the given part and if it is feasible which SPM components would be appropriate. Since the cost of utilizing SPM is high, feasibility analysis must be performed before any investment on detailed design. This paper proposes a technical …

Distinction In Corrosion Resistance Of Selective Laser Melted Ti-6al-4v Alloy On Different Planes, Nianwei Dai, Laichang Zhang, Junxi Zhang, Xin Zhang, Qingzhao Ni, Yang Chen

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Electrochemical measurements and microstructural analysis were performed to study the corrosion resistance of different planes of Ti-6Al-4V alloy manufactured by selective laser melting (SLM). The electrochemical results suggest that its XY-plane possesses a better corrosion resistance compared to XZ-plane in 1 M HCl solution, in spite of slight difference in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution, suggesting that the different planes exhibit more pronounced distinction in corrosion resistance in harsher solution system. The inferior corrosion resistance of XZ-plane is attributed to the presence of more α′ martensite and less β-Ti phase in microstructure for XZ-plane than for XY-plane of the SLM-produced Ti-6Al-4V …

Structural Geodesic-Tchebychev Transform: An Image Similarity Measure For Face Recognition, Ali Nadhim Razzaq, Zahir Hussain, Hind Rustum Mohammed

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

This work presents a new holistic measure for face recognition. Face recognition involves three steps: Face Detection, Feature Extraction and Matching. In the face detection process to identify the face area in face images, Viola-Jones algorithm has been used. Feature extraction is based on performing double-transformation, where discrete Tchebychev transform is performed on the geodesic distance transform of the grayscale image. Structural Similarity (SSIM) is applied to the resulting image double-transform to find matching factor with other image faces in the FEI (Brazilian) database. Performance is measured using a confidence criterion based on the similarity distance between the recognized person …

Bio-Physical Closure Criteria Without Reference Sites: Realistic Targets In Modified Rivers, Melanie L. Blanchette, Mark Lund, Robyn Stoney, Digby Short, Colm Harkin

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The use of reference sites for establishing closure criteria in areas disturbed by mining activities is common practice. ‘Reference’ sites are those considered to be largely unimpacted by anthropogenic activity (retaining desirable natural characteristics), and occurring near disturbed sites. Sites are considered rehabilitated when their biophysical condition approximates that of the reference site. However, this approach often creates impossible or unrealistic targets for miners seeking to close rehabilitated lands. For example, reference sites are often limited in availability (or non-existent) due to impacts by other land uses. Further, any available reference sites might not be realistic matches for the rehabilitated …