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Articles 1531 - 1560 of 2584

Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Freeze-Thaw Durability Of Portland Cement Concrete Due To Addition Of Crumb Rubber Aggregates, Shubhada Gadkar Aug 2013

Freeze-Thaw Durability Of Portland Cement Concrete Due To Addition Of Crumb Rubber Aggregates, Shubhada Gadkar

All Dissertations

Ground tire rubber also known as crumb rubber has been widely used in asphalt concrete over the past several years due to its ability to improve temperature susceptibility of asphalt binders and enhance the performance of asphalt pavements. However, its inclusion in portland cement concrete is comparatively recent and more research is needed before adopting it as a regular construction material. Past research has shown that while addition of rubber aggregates in concrete reduces its compressive, tensile and flexural strengths, but is useful in improving durability properties as freeze-thaw resistance due to the ability of crumb rubber to generate an …

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Spatial Control Of Magnetic Nanoparticles Integrated With Cellular Spheroids As Tissue Engineered Building Blocks, Brandon Mattix Aug 2013

Spatial Control Of Magnetic Nanoparticles Integrated With Cellular Spheroids As Tissue Engineered Building Blocks, Brandon Mattix

All Dissertations

Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been investigated in tissue engineering applications to provide in situ imaging, drug delivery, and tissue patterning, but direct and prolonged interaction between cells and MNPs can have adverse effects on cell function. Therefore, methods which reduce or limit the interaction of MNPs with cells, or utilize more biocompatible MNP-based strategies will improve upon the commonly used iron oxide MNPs. We investigated a variety of methods to improve upon the use of MNPS in tissue engineering.
Cell aggregates, or spheroids, have been used as tissue engineered building blocks that can closely mimic the native three-dimensional in vivo …

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Development And Evaluation Of An Intelligent Transportation Systems-Based Architecture For Electric Vehicles, Zhiyun Li Aug 2013

Development And Evaluation Of An Intelligent Transportation Systems-Based Architecture For Electric Vehicles, Zhiyun Li

All Dissertations

The rapid development of increasingly complex in-vehicle electronics now offers an unprecedented level of convenience and versatility as well as accelerates the demand for connected driving experience, which can only be achieved in a comprehensive Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) technology based architecture. While a number of charging and range related issues continue to impede the Electric Vehicle (EV) market growth, integrating ITS technologies with EVs has the potential to address the problems and facilitate EV operations. This dissertation presents an ITS based vehicle infrastructure communication architecture in which abundant information can be exchanged in real time through vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to- …

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Navigating The Academic Job Search For Environmental Engineers: Guidance For Job Seekers And Mentors, David A. Ladner, Stephanie C. Bolyard, Defne Apul, Andrew J. Whelton Jul 2013

Navigating The Academic Job Search For Environmental Engineers: Guidance For Job Seekers And Mentors, David A. Ladner, Stephanie C. Bolyard, Defne Apul, Andrew J. Whelton

Publications

Students and postdoctoral associates interested in tenure-track environmental engineering positions have limited resources to aid them. The Student Services Committee (SSC) of the Association of Environmental Engineering and Science Professors (AEESP) organized a workshop to fill some of the need. Newly hired faculty and experienced search committee and department chairs shared information on how to create competitive applications. Students and postdoctoral associates were also provided with individualized feedback on their faculty application packages. Survey data were collected for all participants, and these data are presented in this paper along with tips shared during the workshop and information collected from the …

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Engineering Design Research: Successful Integration Of Education, Practice, And Study In The Cedar Group, Joshua D. Summers Jul 2013

Engineering Design Research: Successful Integration Of Education, Practice, And Study In The Cedar Group, Joshua D. Summers

All CEDAR Publications

Engineering design is a generally nascent area of research within the engineering disciplines, spanning only a few decades of critical investigation. Clemson University has been at the forefront of the development of this field and continues this with a living experiment in how to integrate education, practice, and research through the CEDAR group. This essay introduces the reader to design research and the areas of study within CEDAR. Following this, an analysis of the research trends exposes three pillars of CEDAR philosophy: helping others, seeking variety, and learning from others. The goal of this essay is to introduce the wider …

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Assessment Of An Automotive Driving Simulator To Educate Novice Drivers, John Wagner, Qimin Yao, Kim Alexander, Philip Pidgeon May 2013

Assessment Of An Automotive Driving Simulator To Educate Novice Drivers, John Wagner, Qimin Yao, Kim Alexander, Philip Pidgeon

Publications

Novice drivers are more likely to be involved in vehicle crashes than more experienced drivers. Transportation system simulators, such as aerospace, automotive, and rail, have been used effectively over several decades in support of operator training and research studies. The immersive high-end automotive simulators tend to be large-scale, difficult to move, and relatively cost ineffective for widespread deployment. In contrast, a mobile vehicle training system often features simplistic environments which are not readily accepted by teenagers who evaluate the driving experience as compared to commercial video games. Consequently, a need exists for a low-cost portable automotive training system that provides …

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Identification Of And Effects On The Depth Of The Machining Affected Zone In Nickel-Based Superalloys, Boyce Richardson May 2013

Identification Of And Effects On The Depth Of The Machining Affected Zone In Nickel-Based Superalloys, Boyce Richardson

All Theses

The formation of subsurface damage during machining of nickel-based superalloys is a critical quality concern for the manufacture of gas turbine components. The identification and understanding of this zone are critical to the reduction of destructive testing and scrap costs in an ever changing manufacturing environment. This thesis seeks to provide a novel objective method for identification of the depth of this zone and an empirical model for the effects of machining parameters on this zone. This allows for optimal machining parameters to be used in manufacturing reducing the need for destructive testing, while also reducing manufacturing costs by reducing …

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Evaluation Of Angular Velocity Data From Inertial Measurement Units For Use In Clinical Settings, Chelsea Ex-Lubeskie May 2013

Evaluation Of Angular Velocity Data From Inertial Measurement Units For Use In Clinical Settings, Chelsea Ex-Lubeskie

All Theses

Evaluating the human gait cycle with inertial measurement units (IMU) may prove beneficial for applications such as diagnoses of musculoskeletal diseases and assessment of rehabilitation regimes. An IMU system is potentially applicable for diagnosing and assessing rehabilitation outcomes for a variety of neuromuscular diseases since it is small, portable, and less expensive than a camera system. IMUs directly measure angular velocity, whereas position data from a camera system must be processed twice to obtain this information. The purpose of this research is to determine repeatability of IMU angular velocity data, and agreement between angular velocity data from an IMU system …

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Focused Novice Driver Program - Assessment Results And Discussion, John Wagner, Lance Clark, Kim Alexander, Philip Pidgeon, Ken Rogich May 2013

Focused Novice Driver Program - Assessment Results And Discussion, John Wagner, Lance Clark, Kim Alexander, Philip Pidgeon, Ken Rogich

Publications

Skills and experiences of novice drivers do not favorably compare to motorists with significantly greater driving time and life experiences. Recent developments in driver education and training have focused on multistage instruction to take advantage of the time delay for driving privileges in Graduated Driver Licensing (GDL) systems as a means to provide additional instruction. A supplemental safe driving program tailored to address the risky behaviors of novice drivers has been developed by Clemson University Automotive Safety Research Institute (CU-ASRI) and the Richard Petty Driving Experience (RPDE). The program offers training in anticipatory safe driving strategies based on the leading …

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Evaluating Mechanical Performance Of Hydrogel-Based Adhesives For Soft Tissue Applications, Nitin Balakrishnan May 2013

Evaluating Mechanical Performance Of Hydrogel-Based Adhesives For Soft Tissue Applications, Nitin Balakrishnan

All Theses

According to the National Center for Health Statistics, an estimated 22 million women have undergone a hysterectomy procedure in the United States. The most common complication during hysterectomies is accidental laceration of the urinary bladder during the surgery with incidence between 0.2-8.3% with the current gold standard wound repair method being sutures. Yet, sutures come with their own limitations in that they necessitate use of a catheter and collection bag during healing due to preventing proper distention of the bladder tissue at normal pressures. The long-term goal of our study is to eliminate the need for suturing by creating a …

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Decision Support Systems For Assembly Line Planning -Modular Subsytems For A Large Scale Production Management System, Rahul Renu May 2013

Decision Support Systems For Assembly Line Planning -Modular Subsytems For A Large Scale Production Management System, Rahul Renu

All Theses

In the domain of assembly lines, process sheets are entities that carry assembly process descriptions (work instructions), assembly time estimations, product workspaces and other configuration management and control information. These process sheets get assigned to workstations during the process of assembly line balancing. In this research two tools have been developed to aid in the assembly line planning process. In order to ensure that assembly line workers do not intrude upon each other's workspace, two assembly processes operating on the same product workspace must not be assigned to the same station. Generating and maintaining product workspace information for every process …

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Noise-Insensitive Prognostic Evaluation Of Historic Masonry Structures, Ashley Haydock May 2013

Noise-Insensitive Prognostic Evaluation Of Historic Masonry Structures, Ashley Haydock

All Theses

In recent years, a significant amount of research has been directed towards the development of prognostic methodologies to forecast the future health state of an engineering system assisting condition based maintenance. These prognostic methods, having furthered the maintenance practices for mechanical systems, have yet to be applied to historic masonry structures, many of which stand in an aged and degraded state. Implementation of prognostic methodologies to historic masonry structures can advance the planning of successful conservation and restoration efforts, ultimately prolonging the life of these heritage structures. This thesis presents a review of prognostic concepts and techniques available in the …

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Dynamic Transcriptional Response Of Escherichia Coli To Inclusion Body Formation, Faraz Baig May 2013

Dynamic Transcriptional Response Of Escherichia Coli To Inclusion Body Formation, Faraz Baig

All Theses

Escherichia coli is used intensively for recombinant protein production due to its many unique advantages, but one key challenge with the use of E. coli is the tendency of recombinant proteins to misfold and aggregate into insoluble inclusion bodies (IBs). The presence of IBs stresses cells and can hinder overall growth. Additionally, IBs contain high concentrations of recombinant protein in an inactive form and thus require recovery steps to salvage functional recombinant protein. Currently, no universally effective method exists to prevent IB formation in recombinant E. coli. Further research into the gene expression response to insoluble recombinant protein may …

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Quantifying Annual Bridge Cost By Overweight Trucks In South Carolina, Linbo Chen May 2013

Quantifying Annual Bridge Cost By Overweight Trucks In South Carolina, Linbo Chen

All Theses

With the economic development in recent decades, more trucks including overweight trucks are operating on the highways. As a result, many bridges are expected to carry more loads than they did in previous years. The impact of overweight trucks on existing bridges has been an urgent concern for the South Carolina Department of Transportation (SCDOT). There is a pressing need to quantify the annual bridge cost in South Carolina caused by trucks and, in particular, overweight trucks so that the SCDOT and the state legislators can determine the appropriate fee structure for operating overweight trucks. This research focused on quantifying …

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Biohydrogen Production By Thermotoga Neapolitana In Agricultural Media, David Morris May 2013

Biohydrogen Production By Thermotoga Neapolitana In Agricultural Media, David Morris

All Theses

In this study the production of hydrogen gas by eubacteria Thermotoga neapolitana was investigated. The organism was grown using varying media of cull peach solids and soybean meal. Hydrogen, co-products, and sugar concentrations were observed and compared.
T. neapolitana grew in medium containing peaches and soybean meal as carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively, and produced hydrogen gas. A standard medium containing glucose and yeast extract produced the most hydrogen at 31.5 mmol H2/L-medium. Withholding the vitamins and minerals from the standard the media had a significant effect on hydrogen production reducing the amount of gas produced to 25.8 mmol H2/L-medium. …

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Analytical Evaluation Of Adaptive Transmission Protocols For Markov Models Of Channels With Fading And Moderate Shadowing, Sneha Latha Kottapalli May 2013

Analytical Evaluation Of Adaptive Transmission Protocols For Markov Models Of Channels With Fading And Moderate Shadowing, Sneha Latha Kottapalli

All Theses

Adaptive transmission protocols are often employed to communicate over wireless channels with fading and other time-varying propagation losses. The protocols compensate for the propagation losses and maintain high throughput by adjusting transmission parameters in response to the channel variations. Performance evaluations for practical adaptive transmission protocols typically require simulation of both the time-varying processes and the procedure by which the protocol derives information about the channel quality. In this thesis, we develop an analytical method to evaluate the performance of two practical protocols, an adaptive coding protocol and an adaptive modulation and coding protocol, which rely on statistics derived from …

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The Effect Of Packaging Material Properties On Consumer Food Quality Perception In Quick-Service Restaurants, Emily Thackston May 2013

The Effect Of Packaging Material Properties On Consumer Food Quality Perception In Quick-Service Restaurants, Emily Thackston

All Theses

The majority of menu items available in quick-service restaurants (QSR) are consumed directly from a container or package. The main reasons consumers choose to eat fast food are because it is convenient, prepared quickly, a good value, and inexpensive. Therefore, the packaging becomes an integral part of the food product and from a consumer perspective must be consistent with their expectations and motives for choosing to eat fast food. Prior research has directly linked characteristics of consumer food packaging experience to their perception of its contents. The purpose of this research is to determine if consumer quality perception of food …

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Stability Control Of Triple Trailer Vehicles, Michael O'Neal Arant May 2013

Stability Control Of Triple Trailer Vehicles, Michael O'Neal Arant

All Dissertations

While vehicle stability control is a well-established technology in the passenger car realm, it is still an area of active research for commercial vehicles as indicated by the recent notice of proposed rulemaking on commercial vehicle stability by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA, 2012). The reasons that commercial vehicle electronic stability control (ESC) development has lagged passenger vehicle ESC include the fact that the industry is generally slow to adopt new technologies and that commercial vehicles are far more complex requiring adaptation of existing technology. From the controller theory perspective, current commercial vehicle stability systems are generally passenger …

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Multifunctional Nanophosphors For Tissue Imaging And Drug Delivery, Hongyu Chen May 2013

Multifunctional Nanophosphors For Tissue Imaging And Drug Delivery, Hongyu Chen

All Dissertations

X-rays have been used for non-invasive high-resolution imaging of thick biological specimens since their discovery in 1895. They are widely used for structural imaging of bone, metal implants, and cavities in soft tissue. Recently, a number of new contrast methodologies have emerged which are expanding X-ray's biomedical applications to functional as well as structural imaging. However, traditional X-ray imaging provides high spatial resolution imaging through tissue but do not measure chemical concentrations. In this dissertation, we describe an X-ray excited optical luminescence (XEOL) technique which uses a scanning X-ray beam to irradiate Gd2O2S phosphors and detect the resulting visible luminescence …

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Sustained Release Of Estrogens From Pegylated Nanoparticles For Treatment Of Secondary Spinal Cord Injury, John Barry May 2013

Sustained Release Of Estrogens From Pegylated Nanoparticles For Treatment Of Secondary Spinal Cord Injury, John Barry

All Dissertations

Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) is a debilitating condition which causes neurological damage and can result in paralysis. SCI results in immediate mechanical damage to the spinal cord, but secondary injuries due to inflammation, oxidative damage, and activated biochemical pathways leading to apoptosis exacerbate the injury. The only currently available treatment, methylprednisolone, is controversial because there is no convincing data to support its therapeutic efficacy for SCI treatment. In the absence of an effective SCI treatment option, 17β-estradiol has gained significant attention for its anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic abilities, all events associated with secondary. Sadly, 17β-estradiol is associated with systemic adverse …

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Aerosol Delivery As A Method For Enhancing Remedial Application In Contaminated Vadose Zones, Richard Hall May 2013

Aerosol Delivery As A Method For Enhancing Remedial Application In Contaminated Vadose Zones, Richard Hall

All Dissertations

Remediation of contaminated vadose zones is often hindered by an inability to effectively distribute liquid- or solid-phase amendments. Many amendment-based approaches, such as bioremediation, chemical oxidation, and reactive barriers have been successful in saturated formations. However, these remedial approaches have seen limited application in unsaturated materials, largely because of difficulties delivering amendments.
Aerosol delivery is a promising approach for distributing amendments in contaminated vadose zones. The amendments are aerosolized, creating a cloud of micron to sub-micron-scale liquid droplets held suspended in a gas by Brownian motion. During injection into porous media, the aerosol particles are transported along with the gas …

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Highly Sensitive Fiber-Based Devices For Gene And Protein Analysis, Victor Maximov May 2013

Highly Sensitive Fiber-Based Devices For Gene And Protein Analysis, Victor Maximov

All Dissertations

Single cell probing has found a number of applications in different areas of research. It can help us to better understand cell-to-cell interactions; it has found numerous applications in immunology, cancer research, detection of pathogenic infections and genetic abnormalities. The single cell analysis is very important in stem cells research and development of cells. The main obstacle in the single cell analysis is the small amount of analyte that a single cell could provide. Another difficulty is connected to the cell-to-cell variability inside the uniform population due to the differences of single cells in size, activity, mitotic stage, and functions. …

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A Model-Free Approach To Vehicle Stability Control, Chinmay Pandit May 2013

A Model-Free Approach To Vehicle Stability Control, Chinmay Pandit

All Theses

This project explored the feasibility of using measured responses of a passenger car together with a fuzzy logic based control algorithm to sense the onset of under-steer (or loss of steering control) and mitigate or eliminate it. The controller is simple and robust and, unlike existing controllers, instead of comparing the vehicle response to that of an idealized model it makes decisions based solely upon the measured response of the car.
Simulations were conducted (using CarSim) of various vehicles executing the skid pad and the double lane change tests to characterize the vehicle behavior. Consistent and qualitatively similar patterns in …

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Magnetic Manipulation Of Particles And Cells In Ferrofluid Flow Through Straight Microchannels Using Two Magnets, Jian Zeng May 2013

Magnetic Manipulation Of Particles And Cells In Ferrofluid Flow Through Straight Microchannels Using Two Magnets, Jian Zeng

All Theses

Microfluidic devices have been increasingly used in the past two decades for particle and cell manipulations in many chemical and biomedical applications. A variety of force fields have been demonstrated to control particle and cell transport in these devices including electric, magnetic, acoustic, and optical forces etc. Among these particle handling techniques, the magnetic approach provides clear advantages over others such as low cost, noninvasive, and free of fluid heating issues. However, the current knowledge of magnetic control of particle transport is still very limited, especially lacking is the handling of diamagnetic particle. This thesis is focused on the magnetic …

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Adaptive Model Based Combustion Phasing Control For Multi Fuel Spark Ignition Engines, Baitao Xiao May 2013

Adaptive Model Based Combustion Phasing Control For Multi Fuel Spark Ignition Engines, Baitao Xiao

All Dissertations

This research describes a physics-based control-oriented feed-forward model, combined with cylinder pressure feedback, to regulate combustion phasing in a spark-ignition engine operating on an unknown mix of fuels. This research may help enable internal combustion engines that are capable of on-the-fly adaptation to a wide range of fuels. These engines could; (1) facilitate a reduction in bio-fuel processing, (2) encourage locally-appropriate bio-fuels to reduce transportation, (3) allow new fuel formulations to enter the market with minimal infrastructure, and (4) enable engine adaptation to pump-to-pump fuel variations. These outcomes will help make bio-fuels cost-competitive with other transportation fuels, lessen dependence on …

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Prediction Of Subsurface Damage During Machining Nickel-Based Superalloys, Yujie Chen May 2013

Prediction Of Subsurface Damage During Machining Nickel-Based Superalloys, Yujie Chen

All Dissertations

Nickel-based superalloys are widely utilized in hostile environments such as jet engines and gas turbines due to their high resistance to oxidation, high corrosion resistance, good thermal fatigue-resistance and fracture toughness. Subsurface damage is typically generated during the machining of these materials, and in particular, ã'-strengthened nickel-based superalloys. The depth of the subsurface damage is a critical requirement specified by the customer. Therefore, it is critical to predict, measure and control subsurface damage.
This research specifically targets the development of a model to predict subsurface damage during the machining of ã'-strengthened nickel-based superalloys. To accomplish this, a modified Johnson-Cook model …

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Influence Of Pcb-Contaminated Water Bodies On The Pcb Content Of Riparian Vegetation Through Foliar Deposition, Timothy Matthew Sattler May 2013

Influence Of Pcb-Contaminated Water Bodies On The Pcb Content Of Riparian Vegetation Through Foliar Deposition, Timothy Matthew Sattler

All Theses

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a class of persistent organic pollutants that are generally considered semi-volatile. Volatilization and transport of PCBs from contaminated water bodies can result in PCB accumulation on terrestrial plant surfaces, acting as an entry point for contaminants into terrestrial food webs. Evergreen plants can serve as biomonitors of this PCB accumulation, as they often retain foliage for several years, allowing for greater concentrations to accumulate and subsequently be measured. Rhododendron maximum plants often grow in the riparian zone adjacent to water bodies in the Appalachian region, such as near Town Creek, Pickens, South Carolina. This research aimed …

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Development Of An Ex Vivo Tissue Testing System For Three Dimensional Biomechanical Analysis Of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm, Bradley Johns May 2013

Development Of An Ex Vivo Tissue Testing System For Three Dimensional Biomechanical Analysis Of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm, Bradley Johns

All Theses

Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) are localized, progressive dilations of the aortic wall and are the 13th most common cause of death in the United States (~15,000 per year) and surgery is usually recommended when the aneurysm is 5 cm or larger in diameter. Because of this clinical parameter, previous studies of AAA biomechanics have utilized a one-dimensional analysis that focuses solely on changes in wall diameter and have attempted to model geometric changes with mathematical formulas, generally based on the LaPlace equation. This is not sufficient however, as the mechanical behavior of the tissue at sites of aneurysm have been …

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Measuring Arousal Through Physiological Responses To Packaging Designs: Investigating The Validity Of Electrodermal Activity As A Measure Of Arousal In A Realistic Shopping Environment, Daniel Hutcherson May 2013

Measuring Arousal Through Physiological Responses To Packaging Designs: Investigating The Validity Of Electrodermal Activity As A Measure Of Arousal In A Realistic Shopping Environment, Daniel Hutcherson

All Theses

The validity of electrodermal activity is investigated in the context of packaging design evaluation as a sensitive measure of arousal. Analysts agree that purchasing decisions are subconscious and emotional decisions, contrasted against the popular belief that consumers make purely rational decisions. To understand the personal and rapid character of a consumer's purchasing decisions we must find methods of which to measure and interpret consumer reactions to various packaging designs. Focus groups are discussed as antiquated research methods and new, advanced technologies are outlined as physiological responses. Past literature displays methodological approaches to using electrodermal activity measures in consumer studies, however …

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Computational Modeling Of The Friction Stir Welding (Fsw) Process And Of The Performance Of Fsw Joints, Ajay Prasad Arakere May 2013

Computational Modeling Of The Friction Stir Welding (Fsw) Process And Of The Performance Of Fsw Joints, Ajay Prasad Arakere

All Theses

Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is a solid-state metal-joining process. Within FSW, a (typically) cylindrical tool-pin (threaded at the bottom and terminated with a circular-plate shape shoulder, at the top) is driven between two firmly-clamped plates (placed on a rigid backing support). Due to a high normal downward pressure applied to the shoulder and due to frictional sliding and plastic-deformation, substantial amount of heat is generated at the tool/work-piece interface and in the region underneath the tool shoulder. Thermally plasticized work-piece material is then extruded around the traveling tool and forged into a welding-joint behind the tool. Due to its solid-state …

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