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Articles 1561 - 1590 of 2584
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Longitudinally Graded Optical Fibers, Alexander Evert
Longitudinally Graded Optical Fibers, Alexander Evert
All Theses
Described herein, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, are optical fibers possessing significant compositional gradations along their length due to longitudinal control of the core glass composition. More specifically, MCVD-derived germanosilicate fibers were fabricated that exhibited a gradient of up to about 0.55 weight percent GeO2 per meter. These gradients are about 1900 times greater than previously reported for fibers possessing longitudinal changes in composition. The refractive index difference is shown to change by about 0.001, representing a numerical aperture change of about 10%, over a fiber length of less than 20 m. The lowest …
Reverse Engineering: Wimax And Ieee 802.16e, Katherine Cameron
Reverse Engineering: Wimax And Ieee 802.16e, Katherine Cameron
All Theses
Wireless communications is part of everyday life. As it is incorporated into new products and services, it brings additional security risks and requirements. A thorough understanding of wireless protocols is necessary for network administrators and manufacturers. Though most wireless protocols have strict standards, many parts of the hardware implementation may deviate from the standard and be proprietary. In these situations reverse engineering must be conducted to fully understand the strengths and vulnerabilities of the communication medium.
New 4G broadband wireless access protocols, including IEEE 802.16e and WiMAX, offer higher data rates and wider coverage than earlier 3G technologies. Many security …
A Regenerative Medicine Approach To Improved Tendon Healing And Repair, Grace Margaret Dion
A Regenerative Medicine Approach To Improved Tendon Healing And Repair, Grace Margaret Dion
All Theses
Surgical repair of torn tendons is a common orthopaedic procedure in the United States, with nearly 400,000 repairs occurring annually. Despite improvements in surgical techniques used to re-attach the tendon to its boney insertion, clinically successful outcomes amongst patients are variable and re-tear rates can be exceedingly high. The use of stem cells as an adjunct to surgical repair to aid in improving tendon healing and repair strength has gained much interest amongst the clinical community. Accordingly, many investigators have begun examining the ability of stem cells to differentiate into tenocytes using various methodologies including the application of growth factors …
Characterization Of Potential Wear Sources In Knee Arthroplasty Prostheses After In Vivo Function, Nicole Durig
Characterization Of Potential Wear Sources In Knee Arthroplasty Prostheses After In Vivo Function, Nicole Durig
All Theses
Total joint arthroplasty (TJA) is a common procedure generally performed in patients with osteoarthritis. While TJA continues to be a successful treatment for degenerative joint disease, there are many studies that demonstrate wear and its sequelae as the major limitation of joint replacement longevity. Previous studies have shown that wear debris originates from four main locations: articulating surfaces, modular component surfaces, surfaces of fixation, and adjuvant fixation devices. Each of these possible wear sources can initiate the cascade of failure associated with wear-induced osteolysis and lead to subsequent revision surgery. The objective of this thesis is to characterize the in …
Modal Analysis To Minimize Gearbox Induced Noise Of General Electric Wind Turbines, Matthew Evans
Modal Analysis To Minimize Gearbox Induced Noise Of General Electric Wind Turbines, Matthew Evans
All Theses
With the current global emphasis on alternative green energy sources, wind turbine technologies have seen significant growth in recent years. Today, wind turbines are being produced and constructed at unprecedented levels with their sites inching closer and closer to residential communities. With that, wind turbine companies have been receiving growing complains about the noise emitted from these turbines during operation. To resolve this issue, many of these companies are spending more resources to design and manufacture quieter wind turbines. In particular, General Electric (GE) intends to reduce the noise created by their 2.5 MW CGDT wind turbines. Previous studies showed …
Laser-Assisted Printing Of Alginate And Cellular Tubes, Jingyuan Yan
Laser-Assisted Printing Of Alginate And Cellular Tubes, Jingyuan Yan
All Theses
Laser-assisted printing such as laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT) has found increasing biofabrication applications as an orifice-free cell/organ printing approach. Unfortunately, there have been very few studies on its efficacy of three-dimensional (3D) printing performance. In addition, the effects of printing parameters on jet/droplet formation during the printing of Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids are lacking. Therefore, it is important to investigate its printing process and quality. The resulting knowledge will help to better control the resulting printing quality and feature resolution.
The objective of this study is to investigate the feasibility of laser-assisted 3D printing process and its applicability in making …
The Hydraulic Performance Of Perforated Pipe Under-Drains Surrounded By Loose Aggregate, Patrick Murphy
The Hydraulic Performance Of Perforated Pipe Under-Drains Surrounded By Loose Aggregate, Patrick Murphy
All Theses
Perforated pipes are commonly used in the construction industry for subsurface drains. These subsurface drains are installed to intercept and convey infiltrated runoff or groundwater. One common application of perforated pipe is to provide an under-drain for an infiltration trench or porous pavement best management practice (BMP). Perforated pipe is installed into a trench on a bed of aggregate ranging from 0 to 28 cm thick and, depending on the design objective, is laid flat or on a slope. However, the actual hydraulic performance of these pipes, i.e. the stage storage relationship, is poorly understood. The resulting flow is quite …
Improving R-Value In Brick Systems Using Various Pore-Forming Agents, Graham Shepherd
Improving R-Value In Brick Systems Using Various Pore-Forming Agents, Graham Shepherd
All Theses
Energy efficiency and energy savings are two topics that have continued to gain momentum over the last decade. This topic is extremely important when it comes to the construction of buildings and homes. Efforts have been ongoing to increase the insulation value of brick systems to hinder the conductive heat transfer through the material. The use of pore-forming agents (PFA’s) have been studied to increase the porosity within a ceramic system, through sacrificial burnout or place–holder method, which leave a residual, defined pore size distribution. This increase in porosity leads to better insulating capabilities and inherently lower conductivity values. In …
The Effect Of Applying Established Color Theory To Packaging When Visible Product And External Labels Exist Simultaneously, Rachel Randall
The Effect Of Applying Established Color Theory To Packaging When Visible Product And External Labels Exist Simultaneously, Rachel Randall
All Theses
Color is affected by what is around it. A color doesn't necessarily look the same when its placed against two different colored backgrounds (Ryan, William, and Theodore Conover, 2004) Oftentimes, designers are given a blank package and given the task of creating a label or package for the product. What is missing is the product, which can be an integral part of this design process. What is not yet to be determined by current packaging research is how colors work together through the product and package. One way to determine this would be through transparent bottled packages that contain external …
An Experimental Study On The Influence That Failure Number, Specialization, And Domain Have On Confidence In Predicting System Failures, Somaiah Thimmaiah
An Experimental Study On The Influence That Failure Number, Specialization, And Domain Have On Confidence In Predicting System Failures, Somaiah Thimmaiah
All Theses
Design reviews are typically used for three types of design activities: 1) identifying errors, 2) assessing the impact of the errors, and 3) suggesting solutions for the errors. This experimental study focuses on understanding the second issue as it relates to the number of errors considered, the existence of controls, and the level of domain familiarity of the assessor. A set of design failures and associated controls developed for a completed industry sponsored project is used as the experimental design problem. Non-domain individuals (psychology class students), domain generalists (first year engineering students), and domain specialists (graduate mechanical students) are provided …
Parallex File System (Pxfs): Bridging The Gap Between Exascale Processing Capabilities And I/O Performance, Shane Snyder
Parallex File System (Pxfs): Bridging The Gap Between Exascale Processing Capabilities And I/O Performance, Shane Snyder
All Theses
Due to processors reaching the maximum performance allowable by current technology, architectural trends for computer systems continue to increase the number of cores per processing chip to maximize system performance. Most estimates suggest massively parallel systems will be available within the decade, containing millions of cores and capable of exaFlops of performance. New models of execution are necessary to maximize processor utilization and minimize power costs for these exascale systems. ParalleX is one such execution model, which attempts to address inefficiencies of current execution models by exposing fine-grained parallelism, increasing system utilization using asynchronous workflow, and resolving resource contention through …
Post-Market Surveillance Of Total Knee Replacement Combining Clinical Outcomes And Quantitative Image Processing Techniques, Leah Nunez
All Theses
Total knee replacement (TKR) is a successful procedure for the relief of pain, correction of deformity, and restoration of function in patients with knee arthritis.1-3 In the United States, the number of primary TKR surgeries performed in 2030 is projected to be between 2,938,000 to 4,136,000 and revision surgeries between 193,000 to 381,000.4 Osteolysis, pain, and aseptic loosening are the most common causes of revision TKR surgery.5 The purpose of this thesis is to complete assessments for post-market surveillance of total knee replacement (TKR) targeting areas for improving polymer bearings through evaluation of clinical outcomes and analysis of prosthesis retrieved …
A Methodology For Designing Pervious Bicycle Lanes For Stormwater Management, Donald West Iii
A Methodology For Designing Pervious Bicycle Lanes For Stormwater Management, Donald West Iii
All Theses
Bicycles have proven to be an efficient and reliable form of transportation in urban settings. Therefore, the addition of bicycle lanes into the transportation network could significantly impact and improve the sustainability of our infrastructure by reducing greenhouse emissions and improving the health of individuals who cycle on a regular basis. Pervious pavements are an approved (LID) strategy that could potentially be used to construct these new facilities thereby reducing the quantity of stormwater runoff and improving the water quality. Practicing engineers need both a design aid and research supported methods for designing these improvements before they can be fully …
Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis Of Sound Transmission Performance Of Honeycomb Sandwich Structures, Xin Wang
All Theses
Due to the lighter weight of honeycomb structures compared with a cuboid of similar material, honeycomb is widely used in applications requiring a high stiffness to weight ratio. One important honeycomb meta-structure is sandwich composites designed with a honeycomb core between two thin panel layers. The geometry of the honeycomb is formed from periodically spaced, non-overlapping unit cells. An important advantage of cellular materials such as honeycomb is that vibration and acoustic properties can be changed simply by changing the unit cell geometry variables such as included angle, cell wall thickness and length, while keeping the overall dimensions of the …
Vibration And Acoustic Properties Of Honeycomb Sandwich Structures Subject To Variable Incident Plane-Wave Angle Pressure Loads, Jiaxue Yan
All Theses
Honeycomb structures are widely used in many areas for their material characteristics such as high strength-to-weight ratio, stiffness-to-weight, sound transmission, and other properties. Honeycomb structures are generally constructed from periodically spaced tessellations of unit cells. It can be shown that the effective stiffness and mass properties of honeycomb are controlled by the local geometry and wall thickness of the particular unit cells used. Of particular interest are regular hexagonal (6-sided) honeycomb unit cell geometries which exhibit positive effective Poisson's ratio, and modified 6-sided auxetic honeycomb unit cells with Poisson's ratio which is effectively negative; a property not found in natural …
Numerical Study Of The Structural Performance Of Large Panelized All-Wood Roof Diaphragms, Sami Pant
Numerical Study Of The Structural Performance Of Large Panelized All-Wood Roof Diaphragms, Sami Pant
All Theses
The use of flexible roof diaphragms is very common in the United States, both for multi-family residential buildings and large-scale commercial buildings. Due to its simplicity, the traditional diaphragm design method is commonly used in diaphragm design, in particular for the design of diaphragms with relatively small dimensions. The traditional diaphragm design method assumes the axial forces developed in framing members under in-plane loading carried only by the perimeter chords. The traditional diaphragm design method has always been thought to be a conservative design method, especially when applied to large diaphragms. In recent years, the engineering community began to question …
College Level Residential Building Code Education: Current Status And Best Practice, Earl Shealy
College Level Residential Building Code Education: Current Status And Best Practice, Earl Shealy
All Theses
Community destruction and loss of life due to residential building code (RBC) violations still occur too frequently. Increasing RBC enforcement is often not possible due to lack of funds and resources. Teaching RBC to college-level construction students is another way to encourage greater code compliance and enhanced community resilience. This research assesses the current status of RBC education in accredited construction programs, identifies academic and industry perspectives of RBC education, and constructs 'best practice' RBC teaching strategies.
A mix method, exploratory approach including three distinct phases explains the current phenomenon - RBC education emphasis within university curriculums. My research found …
Impact-Acoustic Evaluation Method Of Internal Crack In Rubber Composite Structure, Qin Shen
Impact-Acoustic Evaluation Method Of Internal Crack In Rubber Composite Structure, Qin Shen
All Dissertations
The main objective of this work is to investigate the impact acoustic method as a means of nondestructive testing (NDT) for internal cracks in a rubber composite structure, such as that found in a tire. As demonstrated in this dissertation, this approach is an effective and economical alternative to the current NDT methods for tires casing integrity inspection. There are two separate aspects of the impact acoustic signals considered in this work: the impact force signal and the resultant acoustic signal. First, a contact dynamics model is developed based on the Hertz’s impact theory and modified for rubber composite materials. …
Evolution Of Medication Administration Workflow In Implementing Electronic Health Record System, Yuan-Han Huang
Evolution Of Medication Administration Workflow In Implementing Electronic Health Record System, Yuan-Han Huang
All Dissertations
This study focused on the clinical workflow evolutions when implementing the health information technology (HIT). The study especially emphasized on administrating medication when the electronic health record (EHR) systems were adopted at rural healthcare facilities. Mixed-mode research methods, such as survey, observation, and focus group, were used to investigate insightful interventions to compensate potential errors during the medication administration process. Research data were collected from three South Carolina small-scale rural hospitals over several clinical departments.
The major purposes of this study were two folds: (1) to assess medical staff's computer competency for the new IT system, and (2) to investigate …
Robust Parameter Design In Complex Engineering Systems:, Gregory Boylan
Robust Parameter Design In Complex Engineering Systems:, Gregory Boylan
All Dissertations
Many industrial firms seek the systematic reduction of variability as a primary means for reducing production cost and material waste without sacrificing product quality or process efficiency. Despite notable advancements in quality-based estimation and optimization approaches aimed at achieving this goal, various gaps remain between current methodologies and observed in modern industrial environments. In many cases, models rely on assumptions that either limit their usefulness or diminish the reliability of the estimated results. This includes instances where models are generalized to a specific set of assumed process conditions, which constrains their applicability against a wider array of industrial problems. However, …
Vehicle-Infrastructure Integration Enabled Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles For Energy Management, Yiming He
Vehicle-Infrastructure Integration Enabled Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles For Energy Management, Yiming He
All Dissertations
The U.S. federal government is seeking useful applications of Vehicle-Infrastructure Integration (VII) to encourage a greener and more efficient transportation system; Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs) are considered as one of the most promising automotive technologies for such an application. In this study, the author demonstrates a strategy to improve PHEV energy efficiency via the use of VII. This dissertation, which is composed of three published peer-reviewed journal articles, demonstrates the efficacies of the PHEV-VII system as regards to both the energy use and environmental impact under different scenarios.
The first article demonstrates the capabilities of and benefits achievable for …
Engineering A Biomimetic Structure For Human Long Bone Regeneration, Eleni Katsanevakis
Engineering A Biomimetic Structure For Human Long Bone Regeneration, Eleni Katsanevakis
All Dissertations
Bone tissue serves many functions, including structural support, protection of internal organs, and mineral and growth factor storage, to name a few. Moreover, human bone exhibits excellent mechanical properties, demonstrating superb compressive strength as well as significant elasticity, due to its collagen content. However, defects still occur at a relatively high rate in this tissue. Critical sized defects in bone are defined as defects that cannot form a union and heal on their own. These types of defects occur often, and typically require surgical intervention. The current gold standard treatment for critical sized defects in bone is the use of …
Glass-Clad Semiconductor Core Optical Fibers, Stephanie Morris
Glass-Clad Semiconductor Core Optical Fibers, Stephanie Morris
All Dissertations
Glass-clad optical fibers comprising a crystalline semiconductor core have garnered considerable recent attention for their potential utility as novel waveguides for applications in nonlinear optics, sensing, power delivery, and biomedicine.
As research into these fibers has progressed, it has become evident that excessive losses are limiting performance and so greater understanding of the underlying materials science, coupled with advances in fiber processing, is needed. More specifically, the semiconductor core fibers possess three performance-limiting characteristics that need to be addressed: (a) thermal expansion mismatches between crystalline core and glass cladding that lead to cracks, (b) the precipitation of oxide species in …
Electromagnetic Scattering Of Three-Dimensional (3d) Objects Embedded In A Half Space With Random Rough Surface, Wei Liu
All Dissertations
ABSTRACT
This dissertation presents a Monte-Carlo multidomain pseudospectral time-domain (MPSTD) algorithm developed for the analysis of scattering from a two dimensional (2D) and three dimensional (3D) object buried below a random rough surface separating two half spaces. In the development, special attention is paid to the 3D computation domain decomposition, PML derivations, filtering technique and subdomain mapping involving the random rough surface as well as the subdomain patching along the rough surface. The Mote-Carlo MPSTD algorithm is then employed to determine the scattering of objects of various shapes and electromagnetic properties; embedded in the lower half space with different permittivity …
Aqueous Suspensions Of Polymer Coated Magnetite Nanoparticles: Colloidal Stability, Specific Absorption Rate, And Transverse Relaxivity, Steven Saville
Aqueous Suspensions Of Polymer Coated Magnetite Nanoparticles: Colloidal Stability, Specific Absorption Rate, And Transverse Relaxivity, Steven Saville
All Dissertations
The design, functionalization, characterization, and applications of magnetic nanoparticles have garnered significant interest over the past several decades. While this area has garnered increasing attention, several questions remain unanswered about the stability of these systems and it's influence on their biomedical applications. To help answer these questions about the stability of these, a novel tri(nitroDOPA) terminated polymer based ligand has been developed for the stabilization of magnetite nanoparticles. The synthesis involves a process in which ethylene oxide is polymerized using a trivinyl initiator, modified with carboxylic acid using a free radical addition of mercaptoundecanoic acid, and then functionalized with nitroDOPA …
Sensing Highly Non-Rigid Objects With Rgbd Sensors For Robotic Systems, Robert Willimon
Sensing Highly Non-Rigid Objects With Rgbd Sensors For Robotic Systems, Robert Willimon
All Dissertations
The goal of this research is to enable a robotic system to manipulate clothing and other highly non-rigid objects using an RGBD sensor. The focus of this thesis is to define and test various algorithms / models that are used to solve parts of the laundry process (i.e. handling, classifying, sorting, unfolding, and folding). First, a system is presented for automatically extracting and classifying items in a pile of laundry. Using only visual sensors, the robot identifies and extracts items
sequentially from the pile. When an item is removed and isolated, a model is captured of the shape and appearance …
The Production And Characterization Of A Multi-Functional Fiber-Based Composite For Use In Protective Clothing, Jessica Green
The Production And Characterization Of A Multi-Functional Fiber-Based Composite For Use In Protective Clothing, Jessica Green
All Dissertations
A fiber-based composite comprised of two functional components which work concurrently to adsorb toxic organic compounds was developed and characterized for use in chemical threat protective clothing. The first functional component, the sorptive layer, consists of a carded nonwoven loaded with adsorptive particles. In this layer, Capillary-Channeled PolymerTM (C-CPTM) fibers were used instead of traditional round fibers since the grooved nature of the C-CPTM fibers enables increased adsorptive particle loading. The species of adsorptive particles investigated, zeolite and modified PS, are considered as a replacement for more commonly used activated carbon spheres. The second functional component, the flow restrictive layer, …
Prediction Of Discrete Element Parameters For Modeling The Strength Of Sandy Soils In Wheel/Soil Traction Applications, Timothy Reeves
Prediction Of Discrete Element Parameters For Modeling The Strength Of Sandy Soils In Wheel/Soil Traction Applications, Timothy Reeves
All Dissertations
The problem of wheel performance on deformable soil has been studied for many years, but prior to the rise of computational mechanics, such investigations have been limited to development of analytical and empirical models, as well as experimental research. Such models have merit but are necessarily highly idealized and are limited in their applications. Today, many computational models have been implemented for a wide variety of wheel/soil applications.
For the specific case of sandy (i.e. non-cohesive) soils, in terms of the soil's physics the Discrete Element Method (DEM) provides arguably the most realistic model. In DEM, each element represents a …
Incorporating Natural Hazard Resistance Into The Life Cycle Assessment Framework, Jeffery Plumblee
Incorporating Natural Hazard Resistance Into The Life Cycle Assessment Framework, Jeffery Plumblee
All Dissertations
Hazard resistant building materials are not adequately represented by current LCA approaches, which do not account for environmental benefits of the avoided losses (e.g. avoided waste, avoided materials for repairs) promised by hazard resistant materials. The goal of this study was to encourage a more complete understanding of materials' environmental impacts by developing a framework to include hazard related damages in LCA.
Catastrophe modeling is a well-developed tool used by the insurance industry to assess the probability of hazard and quantify related impacts. These models were studied to identify required input data as well as the format of output results. …
Understanding The Role Of Nonlinearities In The Transduction Of Vibratory Energy Harvesters, Ravindra Masana
Understanding The Role Of Nonlinearities In The Transduction Of Vibratory Energy Harvesters, Ravindra Masana
All Dissertations
The last two decades have witnessed several advances in micro-fabrication technologies and electronics, leading to the development of small, low-power devices for wireless sensing, data transmission, actuation, and medical implants. Unfortunately, the actual implementation of such devices in their respective environment has been hindered by the lack of scalable energy sources that are necessary to power and maintain them. Batteries, which remain the most commonly used power source, have not kept pace with the demands of these devices, especially in terms of energy density. In light of this challenge, the concept of vibratory energy harvesting has flourished in recent years …