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Missouri University of Science and Technology

2010

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Articles 31 - 60 of 729

Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Buckling Analysis Of Cold-Formed Steel Members With General Boundary Conditions Using Cufsm Conventional And Constrained Finite Strip Methods, Z. Li, B. W. Schafer Nov 2010

Buckling Analysis Of Cold-Formed Steel Members With General Boundary Conditions Using Cufsm Conventional And Constrained Finite Strip Methods, Z. Li, B. W. Schafer

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

The objective of this paper is to provide the theoretical background and illustrative examples for elastic buckling analysis of cold-formed steel members with general boundary conditions as implemented in the forthcoming update to CUFSM. CUFSM is an open source finite strip elastic stability analysis program freely distributed by the senior author. Although the finite strip method presents a general methodology, the conventional implementation (e.g. CUFSM v 3.13 or earlier) employs only simply-supported boundary conditions. In this paper, utilizing specially selected longitudinal shape functions, the conventional finite strip method is extended to general boundary conditions, including the conventional case: simply-simply supported, …


Angle Cleat Base Connections, M. Dundu, S. Maphosa Nov 2010

Angle Cleat Base Connections, M. Dundu, S. Maphosa

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

Tests, performed on base connections fabricated from cold-formed channels and hot-rolled angle cleats, are presented in this paper. This research is part of an on- going research to develop portal frames made out of cold-formed steel. The base connections are subjected to an axial load and moment. Hot-rolled angle cleats are used to prevent premature failing of the base connections. Several loading configurations are considered and these are dependent on the eccentricity of the load. In all the tests the cold-formed channels failed by local buckling. A significant amount of bearing distortion was observed in the heavily loaded flange. The …


Arc-Spot Welds For Multi-Overlap Roof Deck Panels, N. Guenfoud, R. Tremblay, C. A. Rogers Nov 2010

Arc-Spot Welds For Multi-Overlap Roof Deck Panels, N. Guenfoud, R. Tremblay, C. A. Rogers

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

Roof deck construction often incorporates cold-formed steel panels that are connected to the underlying framing with the use of arc-spot welds. The welds are commonly located in areas where multiple layers of roof deck exist, such as at sidelaps or endlaps. CSA S136 restricts the use of multi-layer connections to being less than 2.5 mm thick; as well, the thickness of the supporting steel must exceed 2.5 times the aggregate thickness of the deck. In effect, the standard does not allow for the use of arc-spot welds for 18 ga (1.21 mm) and 16 ga (1.52 mm) roof deck panels. …


Cold Formed Steel Tension Members With Two And Three Staggered Bolts, D. M. Fox, R. M. Schuster Nov 2010

Cold Formed Steel Tension Members With Two And Three Staggered Bolts, D. M. Fox, R. M. Schuster

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

The second edition of the North American Specification for the Design of Cold Formed Steel Structural Members was published in October of 2007 for use in Canada, Mexico, and the United States. This Specification contains two country specific a ppe ndices, namely Appendix A (ANSI/AISI S100- 07) for use in the US and Mexico and Appendix B (CSA S136- 07) for use in Canada. Both Appendix A and B require that a bolt stagger reduction factor of 0.90 be used when calculating the tearing failure strength [resistance] of a cold formed steel member in tension with staggered bolts. This 10% …


Screw Connections Subject To Tension Pull-Out And Shear Forces, R. M. Francka, R. A. Laboube Nov 2010

Screw Connections Subject To Tension Pull-Out And Shear Forces, R. M. Francka, R. A. Laboube

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

Currently, the behavior of screw connections subject to combined tension pull- out and shear forces is not well understood. An experimental study was conducted at Missouri Un iversity of Science and Technology to better understand the relationship or interac tion between these forces. The test program evaluated four parameters that may influence the behavior of pure tension and pure shear in screw connections: the thickness of the sheet not in contact with the screw head, the ultimate strength of the steel, the ductility of the steel, and the screw diameter. Based on the behavior observed and analysis of the test …


Shear Behavior Of Screw Connections For Cold-Formed Thin-Walled Steel Structures, Yuangqi Li, Xingyou Yao Nov 2010

Shear Behavior Of Screw Connections For Cold-Formed Thin-Walled Steel Structures, Yuangqi Li, Xingyou Yao

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

Self-drilling screws are the primary mean s to fasten cold-formed thin-walled steel members in construction. There are several failure modes for shear connections with self-drilling screws, including screw tilting, hole bearing, edge tearing, tensile fracture in net s ection of connected elements and shear fracture of screws. Meanwhile, the “g roup effect” will exist when a large number of screws are used in a shear connection. A series of tests (75 specimens) on single lap shear connections with self-drilling screws has been carried out and the results report ed in this paper. The end distance, screw spacing, pattern of screws …


Some Aspects On Seismic Design On Frames Designed With Cold Formed Steel Shapes, Gabriel Valencia Nov 2010

Some Aspects On Seismic Design On Frames Designed With Cold Formed Steel Shapes, Gabriel Valencia

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

The response of cold-formed steel structures to seismic excitations is not the same as that of structures designed with rolled shapes, in fact, the seismic design codes require that the shapes, meet minimum width/thickness ratios, which virtually no commercial cold formed steel shapes meet, so the design of structures with these elements is excluded from those codes. Different types of beam- to -column connections, made using cold-formed steel shapes have been tested, in order to establish their response to cyclic loads of increasing magnitude. The analysis of these connections using theoretical models with Finite Element Analysis (FEA), and through monotonic …


Strength Prediction Model For Power Acutated Fasteners Connecting Steel Members In Tension And Shear-North American Applications, J. R. Ubejd Mujagic, Perry S. Green, William G. Gould Nov 2010

Strength Prediction Model For Power Acutated Fasteners Connecting Steel Members In Tension And Shear-North American Applications, J. R. Ubejd Mujagic, Perry S. Green, William G. Gould

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

Power-actuated fasteners (PAFs), also referred to as pins, are small nail-like or threaded stud t ype connectors. They can be used in conjunction with several materials and in a number of different applications. Typical applications in steel include attachments of deck sh eeting or diaphragms, architectural or mechanical components, or miscellaneous support brackets or connections to supporting steel members. Traditionally, the design strength of the connections featuring power-actuated fasteners has been determined through standardized testing protocols. In the United States, this protocol is embodied in the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Standard E 1190. The purpose of this …


Study On The Behavior Of Cold-Formed Steel Angle Tension Members, R. Padmapriya, S. Kandasamy Nov 2010

Study On The Behavior Of Cold-Formed Steel Angle Tension Members, R. Padmapriya, S. Kandasamy

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

Cold-formed steel tension members with bolted end connections are frequently used in a variety of structures such as trusses, transmission towers etc. Among all the shapes, angles are widely used. When angle sections are connected with gusset plates and eccentrically loaded, their ultimate load- carrying capacity is influenced by the effect of shear lag. This paper presents the details of an experimental and numerical investigation with a primary objective of studying the effect of shear lag on cold-formed steel single and double angles subjected to tension. Seventy-two single plain and lipped angles made from thicknesses 2,3 and 4 mm connected …


Comparative Behavior Of Built-Up Cold-Formed Box Sections Under Rigid And Flexible End Support Conditions, W. Reyes, F. A. Guzman Nov 2010

Comparative Behavior Of Built-Up Cold-Formed Box Sections Under Rigid And Flexible End Support Conditions, W. Reyes, F. A. Guzman

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

According to section D1.2 of AISI S100-2007 for compression members composed of two sections in contact whose buckling mode involves shear forces in the connectors, a reduction must be made, KL r ⁄ must be replaced by ሺ KL r ⁄ሻ ୫ . This new modified slenderness ratio takes into account the connection weld spacing and the minimum radius of gyration of an individual shape in the built-up member. Under the provisions of section D1.2 a reduction in load capacity must be made for built-up welded box members, which are the subject of this study. An experimental investigation on 48 …


Feasibility Study For A Repetitive Member Factor For Cold-Formed Steel Framing Systems, S. Clayton, S. F. Stephens Nov 2010

Feasibility Study For A Repetitive Member Factor For Cold-Formed Steel Framing Systems, S. Clayton, S. F. Stephens

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

Cold-formed steel has become a preferred building material for structural framing in many different types of structures, commonly used as repetitive members such as floor joists, roof rafters, roof trusses and wall studs. For wood framed structures with repetitive members, a repetitive member factor increases the allowable bending stress from 1.00 to 1.50 times the reference design value, depending on both the type of material and the type of load. Currently, however, the bending strength of cold-formed steel repetitive members is not permitted to be increased, even though the method of framing is quite similar to that of wood except …


Evaluation Of The Flexural Strength Of Cold-Formed Steel Studs With Embossed Flanges, K. B. Reynolds, S. F. Stephens, Roger A. Laboube Nov 2010

Evaluation Of The Flexural Strength Of Cold-Formed Steel Studs With Embossed Flanges, K. B. Reynolds, S. F. Stephens, Roger A. Laboube

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

New advances and improvements in the manufacture of cold-formed steel shapes are continually being made. One such advancement in the manufacturing of steel studs is flange embossing, a technique used to facilitate the installation of drywall screws into the stud flange. Currently, embossed flanges are not specifically addressed in the North American Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members (AISI S100), thereby drawing into question the use of current design equations from being used to calculate member properties for an embossed stud. A limited experimental investigation was undertaken to determine if light flange embossing affects the nominal flexural …


Review Of Aisi Design Guide For Cold-Formed Steel Purlin Roof Framing Systems-Component Stiffness Method, Michael W. Seek Nov 2010

Review Of Aisi Design Guide For Cold-Formed Steel Purlin Roof Framing Systems-Component Stiffness Method, Michael W. Seek

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

This paper reviews the Component Stiffness Method for determining anchorage forces in roof systems as presen ted in Chapter 5 of the new AISI Design Guide for Cold-Formed Steel Purlin Roof Framing Systems . The four steps in the general methodology of the component stiffness method are presented. First, the development of forces requiring an chorage in purlin roof systems is discussed. Next, calculation of the stif fness of each of the components of the roof system and the procedure for distributing these forces through the system is presented. The final step, evaluation of the effectiveness of the anchors in …


Steel Roof Deck Diaphragms On Cold-Formed Steel Framing, Thomas Sputo Nov 2010

Steel Roof Deck Diaphragms On Cold-Formed Steel Framing, Thomas Sputo

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

No abstract provided.


Cold-Formed Steel For Students A Website, Roger A. Laboube, C. M. Stratman Nov 2010

Cold-Formed Steel For Students A Website, Roger A. Laboube, C. M. Stratman

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

No abstract provided.


Frame Analysis And Design Of Industrial Cold-Formed Steel Racks, Teoman Pekoz, Ali Karakaplan, Ali Koç Nov 2010

Frame Analysis And Design Of Industrial Cold-Formed Steel Racks, Teoman Pekoz, Ali Karakaplan, Ali Koç

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

Industrial cold-formed steel racks have semi-rigid joints between the columns and beams. Frame analysis of such structures call for special considerations that are studied in this paper. The current design approach uses a linear idealization of the moment-rotation relation relationship based on an empirically decided secant to the nonlinear moment rotation curve. This study presents a refined analytical approach to the analysis such frames using the state-of-art finite elemen t based nonlinear analysis program LARSA 4D. Parametric studies are carri ed out to obtain an accurate design approach for usin g computer programs that treat linear moment-rotation relationships.


Innovative Damage Control Systems Using Replaceable Energy Dissipating Steel Fuses For Cold-Formed Steel Structures, Fuminobu Ozaki, Yoshimichi Kawai, Hiroshi Tanaka, Tadayoshi Okada, Ryoichi Kanno Nov 2010

Innovative Damage Control Systems Using Replaceable Energy Dissipating Steel Fuses For Cold-Formed Steel Structures, Fuminobu Ozaki, Yoshimichi Kawai, Hiroshi Tanaka, Tadayoshi Okada, Ryoichi Kanno

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

This paper describes the development of innovative seismic technologies for cold-formed steel structures; a rocking steel shear wall system with replaceable energy dissipating steel fuses for low rise housing units. In this system, the fuses are placed at the base of a folded-steel sheet wall connecting an anchor bolt and the steel sheet wall. It is designed so that most of the earthquake energy can be dissipated by plastic deformation of the fuse elements, while the shear wall remains intact and resists vertical and horizontal forces caused by large earthquakes. As expected in seismic events, the fuses at the base …


Performance Of Knee-Braced Cold-Formed Steel Shear Walls Subjected To Lateral Cyclic Loading, Mehran Zeynalian Dastjerdi, Hamid Reza Ronagh Nov 2010

Performance Of Knee-Braced Cold-Formed Steel Shear Walls Subjected To Lateral Cyclic Loading, Mehran Zeynalian Dastjerdi, Hamid Reza Ronagh

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

Light weight Steel Framed structures currently in use in Australia, are normally braced using face mounted thin straps, cross braces that are of the same shape as studs, or compressed cement boards screwed to the face of the walls. While these are found adequate in low seismic regions of Australia, an investigation into the earthquake resistance properties of LSF have led authors to investigate alternative bracing types that may present a more favourable ductility. Knee braces that are specially designed for this purpose are introduced in the paper and studied in a specially designed testing rig. The tests are on …


Shear Behaviors Of Light-Gauge Composite Walls Under Monotonic And Cyclic Loading, Yuangqi Li, Fei Liu, Zuyan Shen, Xingyou Yao Nov 2010

Shear Behaviors Of Light-Gauge Composite Walls Under Monotonic And Cyclic Loading, Yuangqi Li, Fei Liu, Zuyan Shen, Xingyou Yao

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

Shear properties of cold-formed thin-walled steel composite walls are af- fected by many factors, including the section of light-gauge studs, the space of self-drilling screws, the panel on both sides of wall, the distribution of hold down device, etc, which makes it is difficult to estimate the shear strength. In this paper, twelve Q345 light-gauge composite wall specimens with a dimension of 2400mm wide and 3000mm high were designed for shear capacity test. Two kinds of panel combination in the specimens were considered, one is gypsum board on one side and OSB board on another side, the other is gypsum …


Single Shear Bolted Connection Tests Of G500 1.20mm Thin Sheet Steel At Elevated Temperatures, Shu Yan, Ben Young Nov 2010

Single Shear Bolted Connection Tests Of G500 1.20mm Thin Sheet Steel At Elevated Temperatures, Shu Yan, Ben Young

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

The current design rules on bolted connections of thin sheet steels for cold-formed steel structures are applicable for ambient temperature condition only. Research on such kind of connections at high temperatures is limited. In this study, 47 single shear bolted connection specimens fabricated from G500 1.20mm thin sheet steel and 9 coupon specimens were conducted by using steady state test method in the temperature range from 22ºC to 900ºC. Two failure modes were observed in the single shear bolted connection tests, namely the net section tension, and bearing . The test results were compared with the predicted values calculated from …


Improvements To The Fire Performance Of Light Gauge Steel Floor Systems, B. Baleshan, M. Mahendran Nov 2010

Improvements To The Fire Performance Of Light Gauge Steel Floor Systems, B. Baleshan, M. Mahendran

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

Light gauge steel frame (LSF) struct ures are increasingly used in commercial and residential build ings because of their non- combustibility, dimensional stability and ease of installation. A common application is in floor-ceiling systems. The LSF floor-ceiling systems must be designed to serv e as fire compartment boundaries and provide adequate fire resistance. Fire-rated floor-ceiling assemblies have been increasingly used in buildings. However, limited research has been undertaken in the past and hence a thorough understanding of their fire resistance behaviour is not available. Recently a new composite floor-ceilin g system has been developed to provide higher fire rating. But …


Overview Of Recent Changes And Additions To Aisi Standards, Helen Chen, Roger Brockenbrough, Richard Haws Nov 2010

Overview Of Recent Changes And Additions To Aisi Standards, Helen Chen, Roger Brockenbrough, Richard Haws

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

Since the publication of the 2007 edit ions of AISI standards, changes and additions have been made to some of the standards. This paper will provide an overview of the majo r revisions to those standards.


The 2008 Aisi Cold-Formed Steel Design Manual, Richard C. Kaehler, Helen Chen Nov 2010

The 2008 Aisi Cold-Formed Steel Design Manual, Richard C. Kaehler, Helen Chen

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

The 2008 edition of the AISI Cold-Formed Steel Design Manual has been published. The new edition includes updated examples and design aids as well as newly developed example problems and design aids covering new material in the 2007 edition of the North American Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members . Also included are all current AI SI structural Test Standards.


Experimental Investigation On 6 Feet Wide Cold-Formed Steel Framed Shear Walls With Steel Sheet Sheathing, Cheng Yu, Yujie Chen Nov 2010

Experimental Investigation On 6 Feet Wide Cold-Formed Steel Framed Shear Walls With Steel Sheet Sheathing, Cheng Yu, Yujie Chen

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

An AISI sponsored research project on the performance of 6 feet wide cold- formed steel (CFS) framed shear walls with single sided steel sheet sheathing is recently completed at the Un iversity of North Texas. This research project is aimed at determining the required seismic detailing for 6 feet wide 8 feet high CFS shear walls using two steel sheets, one is 4 feet wide, and the other is 2 feet wide. Both monotonic and cyclic tests are conducted and various parameters in the framing and sheathing details are considered in the test program. Those parameters include framing member thickne …


20th International Specialty Conference: Recent Research And Developments In Cold-Formed Steel Structures, Wei-Wen Yu Center For Cold-Formed Steel Structures Nov 2010

20th International Specialty Conference: Recent Research And Developments In Cold-Formed Steel Structures, Wei-Wen Yu Center For Cold-Formed Steel Structures

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

No abstract provided.


Dynamic Response Improvement In A Buck Type Converter Using Capacitor Current Feed-Forward Control, Lisheng Shi, Mehdi Ferdowsi, Mariesa Crow Nov 2010

Dynamic Response Improvement In A Buck Type Converter Using Capacitor Current Feed-Forward Control, Lisheng Shi, Mehdi Ferdowsi, Mariesa Crow

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The dynamic performance of dc-dc power electronic converters is mainly determined by the output filtering capacitor and inductor, control loop(s) compensator(s), and the voltage conversion ratio. Normally, a larger capacitance and/or a smaller inductance are not recommended because of the extra cost and size of the capacitor and/or the increment of the inductor current ripple. The capacitor current feed-forward method has gained popularity due its fast dynamic response, simpler structure, and less sensing losses. In applications where a large voltage conversion ratio is needed, dynamic response for a load step-down scenario is worse than that of a load step-up condition. …


A Thermal Simulation Process Based On Electrical Modeling For Complex Interconnect, Packaging, And 3di Structures, Lijun Jiang, Chuan Xu, Barry J. Rubin, Alan J. Weger, Alina Deutsch, Howard Smith, Alain Caron, Kaustav Banerjee Nov 2010

A Thermal Simulation Process Based On Electrical Modeling For Complex Interconnect, Packaging, And 3di Structures, Lijun Jiang, Chuan Xu, Barry J. Rubin, Alan J. Weger, Alina Deutsch, Howard Smith, Alain Caron, Kaustav Banerjee

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

To reduce the product development time and achieve first-pass silicon success, fast and accurate estimation of very-large-scale integration (VLSI) interconnect, packaging and 3DI (3D integrated circuits) thermal profiles has become important. Present commercial thermal analysis tools are incapable of handling very complex structures and have integration difficulties with existing design flows. Many analytical thermal models, which could provide fast estimates, are either too specific or oversimplified. This paper highlights a methodology, which exploits electrical resistance solvers for thermal simulation, to allow acquisition of thermal profiles of complex structures with good accuracy and reasonable computation cost. Moreover, a novel accurate closed-form …


A Novel Real-Time Approach To Unified Power Flow Controller Validation, Keyou Wang, Mariesa Crow, Bruce M. Mcmillin, Stan Atcitty Nov 2010

A Novel Real-Time Approach To Unified Power Flow Controller Validation, Keyou Wang, Mariesa Crow, Bruce M. Mcmillin, Stan Atcitty

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper presents the development of a real-time hardware/software laboratory to interface a soft real-time power system simulator with multiple unified power flow controllers (UPFC) via hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) to study their dynamic responses and validate control and placement approaches. This paper describes a unique laboratory facility that enables large-scale, soft real-time power system simulation coupled with the true physical behavior of a UPFC as opposed to the controller response captured by many other real-time simulators. The HIL line includes a synchronous machine, a UPFC, and a programmable load to reproduce the physical dynamics of the UPFC sub-network.


Distributed Power Balancing For The Freedm System, Rav Akella, Fanjun Meng, Derek Ditch, Bruce M. Mcmillin, Mariesa Crow Oct 2010

Distributed Power Balancing For The Freedm System, Rav Akella, Fanjun Meng, Derek Ditch, Bruce M. Mcmillin, Mariesa Crow

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

The FREEDM microgrid is a test bed for a smart grid integrated with Distributed Grid Intelligence (DGI) to efficiently manage the distribution and storage of renewable energy. Within the FREEDM system, DGI applies distributed algorithms in a unique way to achieve economically feasible utilization and storage of alternative energy sources in a distributed fashion. The FREEDM microgrid consists of residential or industrial nodes with each node running a portion of the DGI process called Intelligent Energy Management (IEM). Such IEM nodes within FREEDM coordinate among themselves to efficiently and economically manage their power generation, utility and storage. Among a variety …


Comparison Of Antibacterial Properties Of Commercial Bone Cements And Fillers With A Zinc-Based Glass Polyalkenoate Cement, A. W. Wren, N. M. Cummins, Mark R. Towler Oct 2010

Comparison Of Antibacterial Properties Of Commercial Bone Cements And Fillers With A Zinc-Based Glass Polyalkenoate Cement, A. W. Wren, N. M. Cummins, Mark R. Towler

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Postoperative infection following invasive surgical procedures is a significant cause for concern, particularly in spinal reconstructive surgery. The objective of this study is to compare the antibacterial efficacy of a novel zinc-based glass polyalkenoate cement (Zn-GPC) based on 0.04SrO-0.12CaO-0.36ZnO- 0.48SiO2 glass, to a number of commercially available bone cements and fillers including Simplex P + Tobramycin (STob), Spineplex (Spine) and Novabone Putty (NPut). The agar diffusion test was performed on each material against Escherichia coli, Staphlococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphlococcus Aureus. STob was found to produce large inhibition zones in each …