Engineering Commons^™

Numerical Study On The Aerodynamic Performance Of Four Flettner Rotors By Varying Distance And Spin Ratio, Janghoon Seo, Dong-Woo Park

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

The Flettner rotor is a wind-assisted propulsion system applied in eco-friendly ship to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. As the requirements of international regulations on greenhouse gas emissions become increasingly strict, multiple Flettner rotors are being applied, necessitating the evaluation of their performance with varying design parameters. The present study focuses on the aerodynamic performances of four Flettner rotors with variable design parameters of distance and spin ratio. Distances and spin ratios, including relative spin ratios, are considered. The drag and lift coefficients and lift-to-drag ratio of Flettner rotors are determined using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), and the associated flow fields …

Underwater Image Enhancement Algorithm For Dual Color Spaces, Xingsheng Shen, Yalin Song, Shichang Li, Xiaoshu Hu

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

Targeting issues related to low contrast, blurring, and loss of detail prevalent in underwater image enhancement algorithms, we propose a dual-color space multiscale residual network (DMR-SCNet) based on SCNet. First, we introduce the HSV color space feature extraction module, which aims to optimize the color representation and saturation of underwater images. Subsequently, we propose the RGB color space denoising module, which focuses on repairing the content and structure of underwater images to enhance their clarity and visual quality. Finally, by designing the residual attention (RAB) module, we aim to further refine the detailed representation and feature extraction of underwater images. …

A Novel Identity Authentication Mechanism For Unmanned Maritime Vessels Communication Based On Mitre Att&Ck Framework, Junxian He, Shih-Hao Chang

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

With the development of the smart shipping industry, unmanned vessel technology is rapidly evolving, accompanied by a demand for robust Internet of Things (IoT) communication security practices. Key communication technologies for the operation of unmanned vessels include external vessel communication. One crucial aspect is the verification of the identities of the parties involved in these communication systems, as this ensures secure and trusted interactions between unmanned vessels and port management authorities. Identity authentication plays a vital role in ensuring the secure communication of unmanned vessels.This paper aims to analyze potential risks related to identity authentication technology in unmanned vessel communication …

Corrigendum To “Applicability Of Reducing Valve Timing Overlap For Diesel Engines Under High Exhaust Back Pressure”

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

No abstract provided.

Distribution And Population Structure Of Corallivorous Drupella Snails In The Coral Reefs Of Kenting In Taiwan, Chih-Jui Tan, Dun-Ru Kang, Li-Lian Liu

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

The corallivorous Drupella snails are common predators of living hard corals in the Indo-Pacific Ocean, and they can significantly threaten coral reef ecosystems when outbreaks occur. In Taiwan, a Drupella outbreak, which resulted in the dramatic decline of Acropora and Montipora corals, was reported in Penghu in 2002 – 2009. However, the Drupella species involved was not identified, and no further research has been conducted. To obtain current knowledge on the predation pressure of corallivorous snails on hard corals, we investigated benthic communities and the distribution and population structure of Drupella snails in the coral reefs of Kenting, Taiwan. The …

Evaluating The Connectivity Reliability Of The Seaborne Transportation Network Using Uncertainty Theory, Tianshou Liu, Haiyang Bian, Lin Feng, Chenyang Fan, Chaojun Ding, Grifoll Manel, Hongxiang Feng

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

The shipping network serves as the backbone of international trade. However, due to unstable geopolitical conditions, unexpected events have occurred frequently in recent years that have impacted the global shipping supply chain, and this has placed enormous pressure and had adverse effects on seaborne transportation. To measure the reliability of the global shipping network under unexpected events, we abstract the global shipping network into a small world network using uncertainty theory. A method is proposed for selecting (i) the optimal reliable path and (ii) the optimal reliable path with a maximum measurement under different confidence intervals. Our approach is then …

Mechanical Property Analysis And Three-Dimensional Reverse Reconstruction Based On Corrosion Pit Characteristics Of Strong Corrosion Steel Plate, Qiujun Ning, Xiaosong Lu, Jiawei Lu

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

To investigate the strong corrosion effect of 36% industrial hydrochloric acid on Q370 steel for bridges at room temperature. The surface morphology variations of the Q370 steel for bridges with corrosion time were measured and analyzed using a three-dimensional non-contact scanning profilometer. Subsequently, the standard monotonic tensile test was carried out to obtain the load-displacement curve and analyze the mechanical properties of the heavily corroded steel. Moreover, the constitutive model parameters of the heavily corroded steel were optimized. Furthermore, the heavily corroded steel model base on the actual corroded surface morphology was established, employing three-dimensional reverse reconstruction technology and finite …

Sea Ice Identification And Risk Assessment For Navigation In Ice Regions Based On Shipboard Camera Images, Tsung-Hsuan Hsieh, Xuan Lu, Shengzheng Wang, Wei Liu, Jianan Luo

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

In order to guarantee the safe navigation of vessels in icy regions and effectively capture sea ice risk information surrounding ships, this study introduces a sea ice identification and risk assessment process utilizing shipboard camera images. Firstly, based on the distribution characteristics of sea area, a hierarchical region segmentation algorithm is proposed to precisely remove interference factors and extract the region of interest. Then, a multivariate K-means clustering algorithm is proposed to classify sea ice classes based on various characteristics, including spatial similarity, sea ice area, sea ice thickness, gray scale, and other multivariate information. Finally, a method for small …

Optimization On Container Drayage Scheduling In Stochastic Time-Dependent Network, Qi Xu, Jie Huang, Xingyue Chen, Rui Cheng, Xiangyu Yin, Zhongzhen Yang

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

To ensure a reliable operation of container drayage transport system, this paper investigates the drayage scheduling problem in a stochastic time-dependent network. Based on the theory of the robust optimization, a mathematical model considering the attributes of “synchronized operation of multi machines” is built with the aim of minimization of the schedule delay in the whole system. A Simulated Annealing algorithm with Embedded Heuristics (SAEH) is designed for model solution. Comparisons between the results from the robust optimization and traditional expected value approach, and the results from the SAEH and CPLEX are conducted. Based on that, the effectiveness of our …

Offshore Vertical Axis Wind-Photovoltaic Power Plants: Development And Case Study, Victor V. Cheboxarov, Pavel N. Kuznetsov, Shun-Han Yang, Shiu-Wu Chau

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

This paper examines the potential for the development and implementation of hybrid wind-solar power plants utilizing large-scale offshore vertical-axis wind turbines. The proposed solution aims to increase energy production and reliability through the integration of photovoltaic modules directly into the wind turbine structure. Schematics of photovoltaic modules on the upper annular surface of the respective wind turbine are considered. The operation of the hybrid power plant is described. Equations to estimate the power characteristics of the plant are given. The case study analyzes the potential energy production of a hybrid marine power plant with a diameter of 200 m at …

Harvest By Autoflocculation, Biomass, And Carotenoid Production In Sequential Batch Culture Of Haematococcus Pluvialis Under High Ionic Strength And Macroelements Content, J. Galán-González, I. Quintero-Zapata, M Elías-Santos, L.J. Galán-Wong, U.J. López-Chuken, C Guajardo-Barbosa, J.C Beltrán-Rocha

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

Haematococcus pluvialis is a microalga with significant potential due to its capacity to produce carotenoids with antioxidant and nutraceutical benefits. However, the cost of harvesting this microalga, constituting over 30% of total expenses in large-scale production, is a major concern. Efficient flocculation, aiding in cell separation from the culture medium, is crucial to address this issue. The study contrasted Bold’s Basal Medium (BBM) with Lopez-Chuken & Young nutrient solution (LC-Y). The heightened salt content in LC-Y plays a crucial role in fostering saline stress, which is essential for evaluating H. pluvialis flocculation, biomass yield, and carotenoid production. To assess stability …

Research Progress On Ship Trajectory Prediction In Marine Transportation, Xiangen Bai, Kai Ye, Xiaofeng Xu

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

The prediction of ship navigation trajectories is crucial for ensuring maritime navigation safety and forecasting risk. In recent years, extensive research has been conducted on the prediction of ship navigation trajectories at home and abroad, and some results have been achieved. At present, most research on ship navigation trajectory prediction relies heavily on automatic identification system (AIS) data and the historical trajectories of ships. This study first reviews the research background and current situation of ship navigation trajectory prediction. Second, it provides an overview of ship navigation trajectory prediction, with an emphasis on sorting out and elaborating on artificial intelligence …

Numerical Investigations On Particle Collection And Discharge Of Rounded Rectangle Aquaculture Tank In Dual-Diagonal-Inlet Layout, Xiaozhong Ren, Shupeng Du, Hangfei Liu, Xianying Shi, Meng Li, Xian Wang, Suping Liu

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

To improve the space utilization rate of aquaculture tanks in aquaculture facilities and investigate the effect of the length-width ratio parameter (abbr. L/W, with L being the length of the tank and W being its width) on the particle collection and discharge characteristics of the rounded rectangle aquaculture tank with diagonal double inlet pipes. The study simulates the particle discharge procedure of the tank using a solidliquid two-phase numerical model (discrete phase model and RNG k-ε turbulence model adopted). The validity of the numerical model was confirmed through physical experiments. The simulation results for two jet condition indicate that when …

Photoluminescence Switching In Quantum Dots Connected With Fluorinated And Hydrogenated Photochromic Molecules, Ephraiem S. Sarabamoun, Jonathan M. Bietsch, Pramod Aryal, Amelia G. Reid, Maurice Curran, Grayson Johnson, Esther H. R. Tsai, Charles W. Machan, Guijun Wang, Joshua J. Choi

Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications

We investigate switching of photoluminescence (PL) from PbS quantum dots (QDs) crosslinked with two different types of photochromic diarylethene molecules, 4,4'-(1-cyclopentene-1,2-diyl)bis[5-methyl-2-thiophenecarboxylic acid] (1H) and 4,4'-(1-perfluorocyclopentene-1,2-diyl)bis[5-methyl-2-thiophenecarboxylic acid] (2F). Our results show that the QDs crosslinked with the hydrogenated molecule (1H) exhibit a greater amount of switching in photoluminescence intensity compared to QDs crosslinked with the fluorinated molecule (2F). With a combination of differential pulse voltammetry and density functional theory, we attribute the different amount of PL switching to the different energy levels between 1H and 2F molecules which result in different potential barrier …

Methylene Blue-Mediated Photodynamic Therapy In Combination With Doxorubicin: A Novel Approach In The Treatment Of Ht-29 Colon Cancer Cells, Nima Rastegar-Pouyani, Jaber Zafari, Alireza Nasirpour, Hossein Vazini, Nabbaa Najjar, Seyedeh Zohreh Azarshin, Fatemeh Javani Jouni

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Introduction: With an alarmingly growing number of patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer, adopting innovative anti-cancer approaches has recently garnered great attention. One interesting concept is the co-administration of cytotoxic agents and safer modalities such as photodynamic therapy (PDT), which can subsequently improve therapeutic efficacy and potentially reduce the risks of severe adverse effects and drug resistance. In the course of PDT, a locally injected photosensitizer (PS) is irradiated with a light source, which subsequently generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induces programmed cell death in tumor cells.

Methods: In this study, to evaluate the potential anti-cancer effects of chemotherapy combined …

Automatic Detection Of Birds In Images Acquired With Remotely Piloted Aircraft For Managing Wildlife Strikes To Civil Aircraft, Maurycio Rodrigues Oviedo, Flavio A. C. Mendonca Ph.D., Jose Cabrera, Cole A. Mcnall, Raymond Ayres, Ricardo Luís Barbosa, Rodrigo Gallis

International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace

Wildlife strikes represent a significant threat to aviation safety and economics, as evidenced by notable incidents such as the emergency landing of US Airways Flight 1549 in 2009. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) acknowledges this growing concern, as evidenced by its report on Wildlife Strikes to Civil Aircraft in the United States from 1990 to 2019.To address the need for improved risk management, airports conduct Wildlife Hazard Assessments (WHA), a laborious process typically relying on visual identification by Qualified Airport Wildlife Biologists (QAWB). However, technological advancements, such as Remotely Piloted Aircraft (RPA) and machine learning (ML), offer promising solutions to …

Impact Of Traffic Congestion On Transportation System: Challenges And Remediations - A Review, Hamdy B. Faheem, Amira M. El Shorbagy, Mohamed Elsayed Gabr

Mansoura Engineering Journal

Traffic congestion is a growing problem in urban transportation networks around the world, having major consequences for the economy and the environment. As metropolitan populations rise and more people rely on autos for mobility, traffic congestion is becoming more common and severe. This review paper presents an overview of the economic and environmental issues caused by traffic congestion in urban areas, as well as proposed ways to reduce its negative effects. It discusses potential traditional transportation solutions such as traffic management infrastructure development, improving public transportation, and intelligent transportation solutions to address traffic congestion problems such as smart parking systems, …

Application Of Machine Learning Models In The Capacity Prediction Of Ccfst Columns, Khaled Megahed, Nabil Said Mahmoud, Saad Elden Mostafa Abd-Rabou

Mansoura Engineering Journal

Circular concrete-filled steel tubular (CCFST) columns are widely utilized in structural engineering due to their impressive load-bearing capabilities and ductility. Existing design standards often yield disparate outcomes when applied to structural columns with identical properties, introducing uncertainty for engineering designers. This study introduces an innovative technique to address these challenges using two machine learning (ML) models: Gaussian process regression (GPR) and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost). These models consider various input variables, including the geometric and material properties of CCFST columns, to estimate the compressive strength. The models undergo training and evaluation using two datasets comprising 1004 axially loaded CCFST columns …

Numerical And Analytical Solution For Nonlinear Free Vibration Of Tapered Beams, Zain Abu Shaeer Abu Shaeer, Ramy I. Shahin, Galal I. El-Baghdady, Saad A. Yehia

Mansoura Engineering Journal

This study introduces a computational approach that combines numerical and semi-analytical methods to solve tapered beams' nonlinear free vibration equation. The study employs a numerical approach that relies on the cubic B-spline collocation method and an approximation technique known as the Homotopy perturbation method to approximate the solution to the equation governing nonlinear large-amplitude free vibrations of tapered beams. The effect of vibration amplitude on the frequency of nonlinear vibrations is investigated. The next step is to look at different ways to get close to exact solutions across the whole range of oscillation amplitude. This will show how useful and …

Effect Of The Shape And Volume Of Capsulated Phase Change Materialon The Melting Process And Exergy Efficiency, Ahmed Saad Soliman, Ahmed A. Sultan, Mohamed A. Sultan

Mansoura Engineering Journal

Due to the lack of solar energy continuity throughout the day, researchers tended to store this energy in phase change materials (PCM). The goal is to store a big amount of energy in a small PCM mass. In this study, the effect of the capsule shape (circular and elliptical cross-section), number of capsules with the same volume (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 capsules), and one capsule with increasing its initial volume (multiplying of volume ratio 1 (Vr = 2, 3, 4, and 5)) on the PCM melting process was studied. The results of the numerical model for both circular …

Machine Learning-Based Prediction Of International Roughness Index For Continuous Reinforced Concrete Pavements, Ragaa T. Abd El-Hakim, Ahmed N. Awaad, Sherif M. El-Badawy

Mansoura Engineering Journal

The International Roughness Index (IRI) serves as a crucial indicator for ride quality and user comfort. As road roughness escalates, road serviceability diminishes, resulting in reduced vehicle speed and increased travel time, and consequently higher carbon dioxide emissions. Predicting the IRI is of utmost importance for Pavement Management Systems and sustainable development overall. While numerous studies have forecasted the IRI of flexible pavements, there is a notable scarcity of research focusing on rigid pavement performance prediction. This study addresses the gap in predicting IRI for Continuous Reinforced Concrete Pavements (CRCP), an understudied aspect of pavement engineering. Leveraging the Long-Term Pavement …

Influence Of Macro-Synthetic Fibers On The Flexural Behavior Of High Strength Concrete Beams Reinforced With Gfrp Bars, Maryam M. Koura, Ahmed M. Tahwia, Mohamed H. Matthana

Mansoura Engineering Journal

Rusting of steel reinforcement in marine environments causes the overall destruction of reinforced concrete constructions; steel rebars in concrete members have been replaced with fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) bars in recent years. To enhance the shear behavior of glass (GFRP) bars reinforced concrete (RC), macro-synthetic polyolefin (PO) fiber was added. These materials have a low modulus of elasticity, a high tensile strength, and a linear stress-strain response to full failure. This study investigates the effect of macro synthetic structural fibers on the post-cracking and deformability properties of high strength concrete reinforced with FRP bars without transverse reinforcement. Eight full-scale RC beams …

Power Generation And Water Conservation Potentials For Several Photovoltaic Configurations Installed Over A Fresh Water Surface, Rana A. Kewan, Mohamed S. Salem, Mohamed R. Elmarghany, Maher Bekheit, Gamal I. Sultan

Mansoura Engineering Journal

One of the challenges that face photovoltaic systems is depleting performance if their average temperature increases due to solar radiation. Floating photovoltaic (FPV) and submerged photovoltaic (SPV) systems offer a potential solution to such problem. Another major benefit is the decrease of water evaporation by creating an artificial shadow over water. In this paper, an experimental study is presented that includes three different systems: an inclined PV by 30⸰ over water (IPV), an SPV, and an FPV systems and compares their performance with that of a conventional PV system under the same operating conditions. The FPV and SPV systems exhibited …

Smart Agriculture Based On Iot Using Drones: A Survey, Shymaa G. Eladl, Hanaa Y. Zaineldin, Amira Y. Haikal, Mahmoud M. Saafan

Mansoura Engineering Journal

Researchers have studied the potential of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for real-time visual data acquisition and processing using potent deep learning (DL) algorithms over the past few decades. In this regard, drone use in smart cities has become one of the most common uses for them in recent years. UAVs and the Internet of Things (IoTs) are two popular technologies being used in smart agriculture that are ushering in a new era of agriculture by replacing traditional farming methods. The combination of drones and IoT has the potential to drastically change our lives through real-time data collection and analysis that …

Establishing A Quantitative Assessment Tool For Biophilia In Healthcare Facilities, Sara Moustafa Fouda, Mohanad Ali Fouda

Mansoura Engineering Journal

This study aims at developing a novel assessment tool that can quantitatively evaluate the level of biophilia integration in healthcare facilities. The developed assessment tool helps to address the difficulty of biophilia quantification in the built environment due to the broad nature of the biophilia concept. The methodological approach for the tool depends on employing biophilic design patterns as a basis for biophilia, where these patterns are correlated to a group of biophilia-related features of the WELL Building Standard. This correlation is attained through a list of Integrated Design Guidelines (IDGs) that is proposed to act as an intermediate ground …

Maximum/Minimum Output Current Extraction Based Open-Switch Fault Diagnosis Of Voltage Source Inverter, Ahmed S. Gardouh, Eid Gouda, Abdelhady Ghanem

Mansoura Engineering Journal

Three-phase induction motor drive systems face significant susceptibility to critical failures arising from open switch faults within the power electronic converter. Implementing monitoring and early fault detection mechanisms for such occurrences not only enhances system reliability but also ensures the safe and uninterrupted operation of the motor drive system. This study introduces an innovative real-time open switch fault detection technique for voltage source inverters fed induction motor drives, leveraging motor stator current analysis. The method aims to track maximum and minimum values of current signals over one cycle. Unlike many current signal-based approaches that require modifications to be integrated with …

An Experimental Study Of The Effect Of Spindle Speed On The Spike Energy Of The Light & Heavy Spindles, Wael A. Hashima, Ibrahim A. Elhawary

Mansoura Engineering Journal

In the present work, the experimental studies were carried out the investigation of the effect of some factors on the spike energy of the light and heavy spindles used frequently; in cotton spinning and in twisting continuous filament, speed with and without the spool and also with different values of full yarn package. Depending on the rotating mass, it was found that by the increase of the heavy spindle speed from 4000 r.p.m to 12000 r.p.m, the spike energy of the spindle with full package increase from 0.5 gSE to 2.3 gSE. At the working speed (10000 r.p.m) of the …

Design And Construction Of A Novel Reciprocating Pin-On-Plate Wear Testing Machine, Yasser S. Mohamed, Ahmed Abdelbary

Mansoura Engineering Journal

This manuscript introduces a new pin-on-plate tribometer established for a study of the tribological behavior of materials at a constant sliding speed. The originality of this test rig lies in its capability to perform six independent tests at the same time. Wear tests can be conducted with high reliability and low error thanks to the high rigidity of the machine. The reciprocating motion of the counterface was designed to be in an arc path. The tribometer has the facility of changing the applied load and the length of the wear path. The test machine can used to perform both dry …

Distribution System Losses Allocation Based On Circuit Theory With Distributed Generation, Ahmed S. Abdelkader, Ibrahim I. Mansy, Abdelfattah A. Eladl

Mansoura Engineering Journal

Electricity energy is the most convenient and efficient form of energy transmission and conversion. Nonetheless, losses take place while electrical power is traveling from power stations through transmission and distribution networks to the loads. Despite the high efficiency of electrical transmission and distribution networks, the huge amounts of power moving through these networks make the financial loss due to the lost energy very high and its management becomes a critical consideration for both utility providers and regulatory bodies. The efficient management of losses encompasses two major functions: the first is running the system in a way that minimizes the losses; …

Identification And Characterization Of Two Novel Kcnh2 Mutations Contributing To Long Qt Syndrome, Anthony Owusu-Mensah, Jacqueline Treat, Joyce Bernardi, Ryan Pfeiffer, Robert Goodrow, Bright Tsevi, Victoria Lam, Michel Audette, Jonathan M. Cordeiro, Makarand Deo

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

We identified two different inherited mutations in KCNH2 gene, or human ether-a-go-go related gene (hERG), which are linked to Long QT Syndrome. The first mutation was in a 1-day-old infant, whereas the second was in a 14-year-old girl. The two KCNH2 mutations were transiently transfected into either human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells or human induced pluripotent stem-cell derived cardiomyocytes. We performed associated multiscale computer simulations to elucidate the arrhythmogenic potentials of the KCNH2 mutations. Genetic screening of the first and second index patients revealed a heterozygous missense mutation in KCNH2, resulting in an amino acid change (P632L) in the …