Engineering Commons^™

Runoff Estimates For Small Rural Watersheds And Development Of A Sound Design Method: Volume Iii. Appendix A, Joel E. Fletcher, A. Leon Huber, Frank W. Haws, Calvin G. Clyde

Reports

Foreword: This report is composed of thee volumes; Volume I is the Research Report; Volume II consists of recommendations for establishing design manuals and Appendices B, C, D, E, F, G, and H, which are the design aids required for establishing design manuals; Volume III consists of Appendix A, and accumulation of the data base used in the study, FHWA chose to arrange the report as described to facilitate distribution of the results. The methods reported herein are designated as the Federal Highway Administration Methods are designed to be applied to watersheds smaller than 50 square miles but may be …

Mixed Integer Programming Models For Water Resources Management, Brad A. Finney, William J. Grenney, A. Bruce Bishop, Trevor C. Hughes

Reports

A regional water quality control model is developed by linking a steady-state water quality simulation model with an optimization model. The water quality simulation model can be applied to complex river systems with both point and nonpoint loads using multiple interdependent pollution parameters described by either linear or nonlinear equations. Twelve water quality parameters can be modeled simultaneously: four non conservative constituents (or conservative constituents if the decay rate is set equal to zero); coliform bacteria (MPN); phosphorus; biochemical oxygen demand (BOD); ammonia (NH3); nitrate (NO3); dissolved oxygen (DO); temperature (°C); and algae. The water quality model is used to …

Effects Of Soil Heterogeneity On One-Dimensional Infiltration, Charles Courette, Roland W. Jeppson

Reports

A parameter study for heterogeneous infiltration was performed employing a one-dimensional computer program. Soil heterogeneity was defined by linear variations of soil parameters. From the solutions obtained, the instantaneous and accumulative infiltration rates were correlated versus the rate in which the parameters varied in the soil profile. The end result being coaxial graphs from which a relative infiltration rate may be obtained by inputting time and the rates of change of various soil parameters.

Estimation Theory Applied To River Water Quality Modeling, David S. Bowles, William J. Grenney, J. Paul Riley

Reports

The extended Kalman filter (EKF) is used to represent BOD, DO, and nitrogen cycling in a 36.4 miles (58.6 km) stretch in the Jordan River, Utah, under the assumption of steady-state conditions. Approximate minimum variance estimates of the water quality parameters are provided by the EKF filter. These estimates are obtained through a combination of two independent estimates of the state of the river water quality system: (1) predictions of the system state from a "phenomenologically meaningful" process model of the biochemical and stream transport processes; and (2) measurements of the water quality parameters. These two estimates are combined by …

Upgrading Aerated Lagoon Effluent With Intermittent Sand Filtration, Richard P. Bishop, James H. Reynolds, Daniel S. Filip, E. Joe Middlebrooks

Reports

Intermittent sand filtration was evaluated as a means of upgrading the quality of aerated lagoon effluents to satisfy the requirements of PL 92-500. The aerated lagoon in question treats the wastes from a milk and cheese factory located in northern Utah. The treatment system consists of two diffused air aeration ponds followed by a facultative settling pond, were applied to pilot scale intermittent sand filters with 0.17 mm and 0.40 mm effective size sands. The filters were loaded hydraulically from 0.25 million gallons per acre per day to 1.0 million gallons per acre per day. It was found that sand …

Environmental Quality Management In A Region With External Development Pressures, A. Bruce Bishop, Rangesan Narayanan, Lloyd E. Peterson, Roger D. Hansen, Matthew B. Conover

Reports

The objective of this study was to examine the problems of managing residuals and environmental quality in a region facing potentially rapid growth as a consequence of externally made development decisions. The research adapted and applied the residuals environmental management concept which recognizes the need for an integration of physical methods, implementation incentives and institutional arrangements in controlling air, water and solid residuals. The area selected for study, the Uintah Basin in Southeastern utah, has the potential for extensive energy resource and mineral development and could experience a large population influx and accelerated economic growth as a result. in the …

Performance Evaluation Of An Existing Seven Cell Lagoon System, James H. Reynolds, Ralph E. Swiss, Christine A. Macko, E. Joe Middlebrooks

Reports

No abstract provided.

Runoff Estimates For Small Rural Watersheds And Development Of A Sound Design Method: Volume I. Research Report, Joel E. Fletcher, A. Leon Huber, Frank W. Haws, Calvin G. Clyde

Reports

Foreword: This report is composed of thee volumes; Volume I is the Research Report; Volume II consists of recommendations for establishing design manuals and Appendices B, C, D, E, F, G, and H, which are the design aids required for establishing design manuals; Volume III consists of Appendix A, and accumulation of the data base used in the study, FHWA chose to arrange the report as described to facilitate distribution of the results. The methods reported herein are designated as the Federal Highway Administration Methods are designed to be applied to watersheds smaller than 50 square miles but may be …

Test Sites For Farm Dams, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

A short article outlining procedures for testing potential dam sites.

Design Standards For Farm Surface Water Supplies, J L. Frith

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Design is usually concerned with getting adequate return from limited recources. Farm dams which dry up represent dam failure. Less seriously, so too do dams which, although not drying out, never fill; they waste a recource.

Report On Wastewater Disposal To Board Of County Commissioners, Clark County Nevada, Clair N. Sawyer

Publications (WR)

This report is concerned with the management of waste-waters and subsurface drainage from the City of Las Vegas and its environs and the BMI complex, all in Clark County, Nevada. The prime objective is to recommend a plan of action which will utilize the natural resources of the area in the least costly manner and still protect Lake Mead for recreational purposes and use as a public water supply, At this writing, conditions in the upper Las Vegas arm of Boulder Basin are quite unsatisfactory for some recreational purposes due to the extensive blooms of algae which develop. Experience at …

Presumpscot River Basin - Cumberland County Tidewater Water Quality Management Plan, Bureau Of Water Quality Control

Maine Collection

Presumpscot River Basin - Cumberland County Tidewater Water Quality Management Plan

Maine Department of Environmental Protection, Bureau of Water Quality Control, Division of Water Quality Evaluation and Planning, August, Maine (June 1976).

"Prepared pursuant to Section 303 (e) of the Federal Water Pollution Act Amendments of 1972"

Contents: Letter of Transmittal / Table of Contents / Appendices and Tables / I. Summary, Conclusions, Recommendations / II. Introduction / III. Water Quality / IV. Planning Activities / Appendices / Tables

Development Of A Water Quality Simulation Model Applicable To Great Salt Lake, Utah, Craig T. Jones, Calvin G. Clyde, William J. Grenney, J. Paul Riley

Reports

The development of a model capable of predicting the long term (seasonal) . distribution of water quality constituents within Great Salt Lake was undertaken as a portion of the ongoing Great Salt Lake project at Utah State University. The overall goal of the project is the development of a modeling framework to assist relevant decision making bodies in the comprehensive management of the Great Salt Lake system. Phase I of the project provided the overall structural framework for management of the Great Salt Lake system, identified data needs, and established priorities for the development of submodels for incorporation into the …

An Energy Accounting Evaluation Of Several Alternatives For Hydropower And Geothermal Development, J. Clair Batty, J. Paul Riley, William J. Grenney, David A. Bell

Reports

Alternative management strategies for hydropower and geothermal development are myriad. This study does not attempt to evaluate or even summarize the many schemes which are possible. In an era of plentiful natural resources, economic analysis procedures for selecting a particular alternative have been developed which traditionally have tended to optimize on the basis of capital and labor. The approach taken in this study is based on the notion of optimum deployment of finite resources. A legitimate question which this study has attempted to address is: Does the construction of large water management facilities, such as hydropower dams, which involve huge …

The Effects On Agriculture In Utah Of Water Transfers To Oil Shale Development, B. Delworth Gardner, Kenneth S. Lyon, Roger O. Tew

Reports

In Part I the institutional factors affecting water distribution in the Upper Colorado River Basin in general and specifically the Uintah Basin are presented. The historical development of the appropriation doctrine of water allocation is outlined and Utah water policy is examined. These institutional factors are analyzed in light of the prototype oil shale development in the Uintah Basin and potential impact on the area's agricultural sector. Oil shale water estimates are compared with Uintah Basin water availability and examined with regard to population projections and municipal water use. Lastly, Utah water policy and the appropriation doctrine are viewed as …

Wind-Powered Hydrogen Electric Systems For Farm And Rural Use, Final Report, United States Department Of Energy

Agriculture

The objective of this study has been to determine the current technology of a wind-energy conversion system (WECS) of minimal cost for rural applications. Specifically, IGT has evaluated available methods for converting shaft horse-power from a wind turbine to electricity and hydrogen. A workable mix of these two energy forms with storage that can support the energy needs of selected farming operations and the rural home was sought.

Energy load patterns of several farming operations were examined for interfacing with the energy storage and delivery systems that are supplied by wind turbines dependent on the prevalent winds. Several preliminary designs …

A Systems Study Of Oil Pollution Abatement And Control For Portland Inner And Outer Harbor, Casco Bay, Maine, Arthur D. Little, Inc.

Maine Collection

A Systems Study of Oil Pollution Abatement and Control for Portland Inner and Outer Harbor, Casco Bay, Maine

to State of Maine, Department of Environmental Protection, State House Augusta, Maine 04330

Appropriation Number 4320-4001

by Arthur D. Little, Incorporated, 20 Acorn Park, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140 (March 15, 1976).

Contents: Executive Summary / 1. Introduction / 2. Identification of Vulnerable Resources / 3. Potential Oil Spill Locations / 4. Oil Spill Movement / 5. Containment and Disposal Systems / 6. Oil Monitoring Systems / 7. Marine Navigation In Portland Inner and Outer Harbors / Appendices

Energy - Minerals - Environment: How Now Brown Cow?, Bobby G. Wixson

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Energy, technical, social, political, economic, and environmental problems are all people related problems which will continue to increase along with the world's population. With the growing demands for more energy and minerals along with the constraints of protecting the environment, new approaches must be considered to these complex problems.

Energy sources, modifications, alternatives, and new developments must be considered for the present as short term resources (next 25- 30 years) and in the future as long range research necessary to develop and implement new technology (25 years on). Major energy sources and their environmental considerations are generally classified as:

I. …

Efficiency Of Sprinkler Irrigation Systems, T C. Calder

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Shallow-rooted vegetable crops growing on sandy soils in hot, often windy summer weather, pose a difficult watering problem for most Western Australian vegetable growers.

Irregularities in wetting patterns are common. Wind effects are seldom taken into account in system design. The increasing popularity of knocker-type sprinklers makes these considerations particularily important.

User Oriented Systems Analysis For Regional Municipal Water Supply Planning, Paul E. Pugner, Trevor C. Hughes

Reports

No abstract provided.

An Economic Appraisal Of Reuse Concepts In Regional Water Supply Planning, Rangesan Narayanan, Bartell C. Jensen, A. Bruce Bishop, Kenneth S. Lyon

Reports

Using a conceptual model of a water supply firm, the necessary conditions for production and market efficiency are derived when renovated wastewater is considered as a potential water resource. The nature and extent of the supply augmentation due to recycled reuse is demonstrated using classical optimization techniques. Three stages of short-run supply corresponding to no recycling, partial recycled reuse and complete recycling of all reclaimable water are identified through appropriate Lagrangian Multipliers as well as graphical techniques. A mathematical programming model is structured to determine the optimal water resource allocation and pricing policy for Salt Lake County. By maximizing the …

Management Of The Great Salt Lake: A Research Plan And Strategy, Craig T. Jones, Calvin G. Clyde, J. Paul Riley

Reports

The primary purposes of this report are to indicate the following two research items in connection with the management of the water resource system of the Great Salt Lake:\ 1. Research needs and priorities. 2. A research coordination strategy. Research needs are identified by the report in terms of (1) various management, or use, categories (such as lake industries), and (2) the need to understand the physical characteristics of the lake system itself. The research needs are identified in each category as information (including data) or understanding gaps, in cases where there seems to be sufficient information, a research need …

Capability Of Integer Programming Algorithms In Solving Water Resource Planning Problems, Trevor C. Hughes, William J. Grenney, A. Bruce Bishop, Calvin G. Clyde, Rangesan Narayanan, Paul E. Pugner

Reports

The feasibility of optimizing large regional water resource planning problems by means of integer programming algorithms is analyzed. Two types of integer programming models are developed: (1) A water supply model including 23 separate but geographically related community systems; and (2) a river basin water quality model including 15 point sources of wastewater, 4 types of pollutants, 6 surveillance points, and 7 alternative treatment processes. The water supply model was structured as a mixed integer problem (some continuous variables included) while the water quality model was an all integer problem. Four integer programming algorithms were tested on the sample problems …

Bsam: Basin Simulation Assessment Model Documentation And User Manual, Utah Water Research Laboratory

Reports

No abstract provided.

Disposal Alternatives For Intermittent Sand Filter Scrapings Utilization And Sand Recovery, Jerry T. Elliott, Daniel S. Filip, James H. Reynolds

Reports

A three phase study is used to develop disposal alternatives and cost analysis for algae laden sand scrapings removed from intermittent sand filters used to polish wastewater lagoon effluent. Phase I, Irrigation Technique, explores the feasibility of supplying sufficient water to sand scrapings to leach out entrapped material. Details of removal with amount of water applied are presented. Phase II, Soil Application, tests with lysimeters soil response to application of the algae laden sand material. Physical and chemical parameters are not markedly altered where algae laden sand is applied to the soil surface. Phase III, Plant Bioassays, grew tall fescue …

Evaluation Of The Addition Of Granular Media Filtration To Wastewater Treatment Plants To Meet New Standards, Madhusudan M. Dawda, M. L. Davidson, E. J. Middlebrooks

Reports

A dual media filtration study was carried out at the central Weber Wastewater Treatment Plant in Ogden, Utah, to evaluate its feasibility as a tertiary treatment to meet new effluent quality standards. A review of the literature indicated that dual media filters were more efficient than conventional single media sand filters because of the “in depth” filtration achieved by dual media filters. An experimental filter was operated at four different hydraulic loading rates, ranging from 3 to 6 gpm/ft 2 (122.10 to 244.20 1/min/m2), to evaluate its effects on effluent quality. Hydraulic loading rate was shown not to affect suspended …

Colorado River Basin Modeling Studies: Proceedings Of A Seminar Held At Utah State University Logan , Utah July 16-18, 1975, Calvin G. Clyde, Donna H. Falkenborg, J. Paul Riley

Reports

Preface: Computer modeling is an important and valuable tool for water resources planning and management. In recent years many different modeling approaches and techniques have been developed. Some have been applied in the Colorado River Basin. A brief and incomplete search showed over fifty reports on modeling in the Colorado River Basin alone. The main motivation for this Seminar was the indication that (1) much duplication of effort is occuring among Colorado River modeling studies due to lack of information and (2) much of the knowledge now available on modeling is not being effectively applied to real problems. The overall …

Nitrogen Cycling In Microcosms And Application To The Biology Of The Northern Arm Of The Great Salt Lake, John C. Stube, Frederick J. Post, Donald B. Porcella

Reports

No abstract provided.

An Empirical Analysis Of Predictors Of Income Distribution Effects Of Water Quality Controls, John E. Keith, Ming C. Chen, Don C. Reading, Robert Johnson

Reports

No abstract provided.

Hydrologic Impact Of Burning And Grazing On A Chained Pinyon-Juniper Site In Southeastern Utah, Gerald F. Gifford, John C. Buckhouse, Frank E. Busby

Reports

No abstract provided.