Engineering Commons^™

Analysis Of Channel Imaging Effect Of High Density And Conventional Observation System, Zhang Xianxu

Coal Geology & Exploration

Aiming at the problems of uncontrollable trajectory, shallow borehole depth and poor gas extraction effect in gas treatment drilling of broken soft coal seam in Qinglong coal mine, the regional progressive gas extraction technology in broken soft coal seam based on compressed-air directional drilling was proposed, on the basis of analyzing the technical bottleneck of existing gas extraction borehole with rotary drilling. The principle and advantage of the technology was expounded, the technology of directional drilling by compressed-air, the technology of long distance in-seam drilling, and the technology of compound slag discharge by double power were integrated. The field test …

High Density 3d Seismic Data-Driven Comprehensive Interpretation Method Of Magmatic Intrusion Zones In Coal Seams And Its Application, Shan Rui, Zhang Guangzhong, Wang Qianyao, Yang Guangming

Coal Geology & Exploration

Ordovician limestone karst water is the main threatening water source for mining activities in Baode coal mine, and it is one of the main water supply sources. Ordovician limestone karst water samples were systematically collected in Baode coal mine, and the methods of correlation analysis, ion proportional coefficient, saturation index inversion simulation and Chlor-Alkali index were chosen to analyze the hydrochemical characteristics and its formation mechanism. The results showed that the water quality types of Ordovician limestone water changed from runoff zone to stagnant zone in a trend of HCO₃-Na(Na·Ca)→HCO₃·Cl-Na·Ca(Ca·Mg)→Cl-Na(Na·Ca). The mass concentration of each ion …

Use Of Image Processing Algorithms For Mine Originating Waste Grain Size Determination, Sebastian Iwaszenko

Journal of Sustainable Mining

The utilization of mineral wastes from the mining industry is one of most challenging phases in the raw materials life cycle. In many countries, there are piles of mineral waste materials that date back to the previous century. There is also a constant stream of accompanying mineral matter excavated during everyday mine operation. This stream of waste matter is particularly notable for deep coal mining. Grain size composition of waste mineral matter is one of most important characteristics of coal originating waste material. This paper presents the use of image analysis for the determination of grain size composition of mineral …

Policy Changes Impact In Deforestation Of The Brazilian Amazon, Iara Silva Jaques

Master's Projects and Capstones

Since discovered and inhabited, the Brazilian Amazon has been explored and impacted negatively by human activities. The conversion of forest to pastureland and farmland, as well as mining activities, road opening, wood and ore extraction and fire are historically the main causes of environmental damages and forest loss in the region. This project overviewed the latest changes in environmental policy and practices towards environmental protection conducted by the Brazilian president Jair Bolsonaro, since he took office in 2019, and analyzed the progress of deforestation in the recent years under the new federal administration. Geographic Information System analysis were used to …

Literature Review: Global Neonicotinoid Insecticide Occurrence In Aquatic Environments, Josephus F. Borsuah, Tiffany L. Messer, Daniel D. Snow, Steve D. Comfort, Aaron R. Mittelstet

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

Neonicotinoids have been the most commonly used insecticides since the early 1990s. Despite their efficacy in improving crop protection and management, these agrochemicals have gained recent attention for their negative impacts on non-target species such as honeybees and aquatic invertebrates. In recent years, neonicotinoids have been detected in rivers and streams across the world. Determining and predicting the exposure potential of neonicotinoids in surface water requires a thorough understanding of their fate and transport mechanisms. Therefore, our objective was to provide a comprehensive review of neonicotinoids with a focus on their fate and transport mechanisms to and within surface waters …

Puerto Rico’S Electric Power System: An Analysis Of Contemporary Failures And The Opportunity To Rebuild A More Resilient Grid, Including The Development Of A Utility-Scale Solar Farm On The Island Municipality Of Culebra, Federico Sotomayor

Sustainability and Social Justice

Puerto Rico’s grid was decimated in 2017 after experiencing back-to-back hurricanes – Maria and Irma. Although the hurricanes caused tremendous damage and hardship to the island, it also created the right circumstances for the local energy landscape to transition toward a more resilient and sustainable model. Through an analysis of recent challenges by the local electric utility PREPA, and subsequent fallout from the hurricanes, we see that they now hold a unique opportunity to redeem themselves by taking advantage of catalyzed resources to rebuild a better system. One region that could greatly benefit from an improved and reimagined grid are …

Environmental Hygiene For Covid-19: It's All About The Mask, Daniel B. Oerther, Mona Shattell

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Citric Acid On Slump, Compressive Strength, And Setting Time Of Belitic Calcium Sulfoaluminate Concrete, Israel Aguilar Rosero

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Belitic calcium sulfoaluminate (BCSA) cement has well established advantages related to fast setting time, fast strength gain, long-term strengths, shrinkage, and sustainability. Due to its fast setting and hardening, this type of cement has historically been used to repair concrete structures, highways, and runways. This work provides much needed guidance on establishing mix design criteria for BCSA cement. Guidance is also given on the effects of set retarders on strength, slump, and setting times. Citric acid and a phosphonic acid-based admixture were tested as retarders for different concrete mixtures. Three studies were performed. In the slump study five different water …

Carbon Sequestration By Reforesting Legacy Grasslands On Coal Mining Sites, James F. Fox, J. Elliott Campbell, Peter M. Acton

Civil Engineering Faculty Publications

Future carbon management during energy production will rely on carbon capture and sequestration technology and carbon sequestration methods for offsetting non-capturable losses. The present study quantifies carbon sequestration via reforestation using measurements and modeling for recent and legacy surface coal mining grasslands that are re-restored through tree planting. This paper focuses on a case study of legacy coal mining sites in the southern Appalachia the United States. This five million-hectare region has a surface mining footprint of approximately 12% of the land area, and the reclamation method was primarily grassland. The results of the soil carbon sequestration rates for restored …

Assessing Grassed Waterway Implementation Using Acpf And Swat Models, Kirsten Schaefer

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

Agriculture is the most significant contributor of nonpoint source pollutants in US waterways, with sediment being the most prevalent cause of impairments. Sediment loss mitigation occurs through Best Management Practices (BMPs), such as grassed waterways. Federal and state agencies incentivize the implementation of BMPs through cost-share programs for farmers. The investment of public funds has increased pressure to demonstrate the effectiveness and value of individual projects, necessitating the development of strategies for prioritizing projects based on the sensitivity of sites to sediment erosion and optimal locations for implementation. This study has three primary objectives: (i) document existing locations of grassed …

Projecting Water Available For Irrigation Use And Identifying Water Supply Stress Under Climate Change Scenarios In Selected U.S. Fruit And Vegetable Production Regions, Andrew Shaw

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Climate change affects water resources differently across geospatial regions in the United States (U.S). There is a concern of how water availability will be affected by changes in long-term temperature and precipitation patterns, specifically in major production regions for eight fruit and vegetable crops. The effects on surface water available for irrigation use and supply stress in five regions containing 31 Agricultural Statistics Districts (ASDs) were assessed. The Water Supply Stress Index Model was used and modified to project water available for irrigation use across nine climate scenarios driven by historical data, five General Circulation Models, two population scenarios, and …

Potential Of Hemp (Cannabis Sativa L.) For Paired Phytoremediation And Bioenergy Production, Hanah T. Rheay, Emmanuel C. Omondi, Catherine E. Brewer

Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research

Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is a multi-use crop that has been investigated for its potential use in phytoremediation of heavy metals, radionuclides, and organic contaminants, and as a feedstock for bioenergy production. A review of research literature indicates that hemp is a suitable crop for phytoremediation, and a competitive option for bioenergy. Coupling phytoremediation and bioenergy production from a single hemp crop is a potential solution to overcoming the economic constraints of phytoremediation projects. The current challenge is ensuring that the extracted contaminants are not introduced into the consumer marketplace. After several decades of limited research on hemp in the …

The Utilization Of Shared Energy Storage In Energy Systems: Design, Modeling And Optimization, Rui Dai

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Energy storage (ES) plays a significant role in modern smart grids and energy systems. With the advances of ES technologies, efficiently applying ES to energy systems has become the bottleneck for achieving the benefits of ES. The traditional approach of utilizing ES is the so-called distributed framework in which there is a separate ES for each individual user. Due to the inherent limits in the distributed framework such as cost inefficiency and space limitations, many studies have promoted to utilize a shared ES in energy systems to further exploit the potentials of ES. However, current studies always focus on maximizing …

Improvement Of The Effectiveness Of Greywacke Crushing Process By Applying An Impact Crusher In Quarry For The Production Of Railway Ballast, Krzysztof Kurus, Karolina Jąderko-Skubis

Journal of Sustainable Mining

The production of aggregates in rock mining requires an optimal system of crushers, separators and conveyors. Proper machine selection allows to obtain aggregates with appropriate technical parameters and increase the output of required fractions with a given unit cost. The usage of rock raw materials for the production of railway ballast used in the railway track superstructure is connected with the necessity to meet strictly defined quality requirements.

This paper presents an example of the use of an impact crusher in a selected quarry for the purpose of obtaining the correct parameters of railway ballast and a suitable grain curve. …

Atmospheric Measurements With Unmanned Aerial Systems (Uas), Marcelo I. Guzman

Chemistry Faculty Publications

This Special Issue provides the first literature collection focused on the development and implementation of unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) and their integration with sensors for atmospheric measurements on Earth. The research covered in the Special Issue combines chemical, physical, and meteorological measurements performed in field campaigns as well as conceptual and laboratory work. Useful examples for the development of platforms and autonomous systems for environmental studies are provided, which demonstrate how careful the operation of sensors aboard UAS must be to gather information for remote sensing in the atmosphere. The work serves as a key collection of articles to introduce …

Enhancing The Visibility Of Vernier Effect In A Tri-Microfiber Coupler Fiber Loop Interferometer For Ultrasensitive Refractive Index And Temperature Sensing, Fangfang Wei, Dejun Liu, Zhe Wang, Zhuochen Wang, Gerald Farrell, Qiang Wu, Gang-Ding Peng, Yuliya Semenova

Articles

In this paper a Vernier effect based sensor is analyzed and demonstrated experimentally in a tri-microfiber coupler (Tri-MFC) and polarization-maintaining fiber (PMF) loop interferometer (Tri-MFC-PMF) to provide ultrasensitive refractive index and temperature sensing. The main novelty of this work is an analysis of parameters of the proposed Tri-MFC-PMF with the objective of determining the conditions leading to a strong Vernier effect. It has been identified by simulation that the Vernier effect is a primary factor in the design of Tri-MFC-PMF loop sensing structure for sensitivity enhancement. It is furthermore demonstrated experimentally that enhancing the visibility of the Vernier spectrum in …

Compliance Assessment Of The National Oil Spill Contingency Plan Of The Philippines On 1990 International Convention On Oil Spill Preparedness, Response And Co-Operation Using Retos, Godofredo Garcia Vagilidad

World Maritime University Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Assessing Oil Spill Management In Senegal Using The Iso 31000 : 2018 Standard As A Risk Management Framework, Abdou Aziz Diouf

World Maritime University Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Saudi Regime For Ships Source Oil Spill In The Arabian Gulf Preparedness And Response, Abdullah M. Almutairi

World Maritime University Dissertations

No abstract provided.

A Comparative Study Of The Implementation Of Oil Spill Contingency Planning In Promoting Ocean Sustainability And Governance : A Case Study Of Ghana And Canada., Marvin Bang-Gesina Ayoo

World Maritime University Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Global Air Quality Trekkers: Nandi Clean Kitchen Study, Samantha Dykhuis, Stephanie Schiavo, Avalin Senefeld

Purdue Journal of Service-Learning and International Engagement

Indoor air pollution is a widespread environmental health challenge sub-Saharan Africa and is the leading cause of premature death in many sub-Saharan African countries. This pollution is primarily caused by the burning of biomass fuels inside an enclosed kitchen in order to provide heat for cooking. Global Air Quality Trekkers is an undergraduate engineering team within the EPICS department at Purdue that began in fall 2016. Our objective is to create a kitchen design that utilizes natural ventilation to mitigate the amount of air pollutants present in these kitchens, specifically in the Nandi community of Western Kenya. This year, our …

The Year The West Was Burning: How The 2020 Wildfire Season Got So Extreme, Mojtaba Sadegh, Ata Akbari Asanjan, Mohammad Reza Alizadeh

Civil Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

More than 4 million acres of California went up in flames in 2020 – about 4% of the state’s land area and more than double its previous wildfire record. Five of the state’s six largest fires on record were burning this year.

In Colorado, the Pine Gulch fire broke the record for that state’s largest wildfire, only to be surpassed by two larger blazes, the Cameron Peak and East Troublesome fires.

Oregon saw one of the most destructive fire seasons in its recorded history, with more than 4,000 homes destroyed.

What caused the 2020 fire season to become so extreme?

Table Of Contents, The Editors

Coal Geology & Exploration

No abstract provided.

Evaluation And Analysis Of Paleoenvironments Of The Neogene Oil Shale Of Zhangcun Formation, Qinshui Basin, Liu Yanhai, Li Kunjie, Liu Dongna, Xue Shubin, Liu Yangfe, Chu Yonghui

Coal Geology & Exploration

In order to deeply analyze the indication of oil shale development characteristics on paleoenvironments and provide theoretical guidance for oil shale resource evaluation, the organic geochemistry and elemental geochemistry characteristics of the Neogene Zhangcun Formation oil shale in the central part of the Qinshui basin were analyzed by Rock-Eval and TOC and the paleoclimate and paleogeographic environments of the depositional period were discussed as well. The results show that the oil shale of Zhangcun Formation has the low oil content which Tar=4.15%, higher hydrocarbon potential, kerogen is of sapropel type(I₁), which has relatively shallow burial depth. The element …

H2S Occurrence Conditions And Genetic Types Of Low Rank Bituminous Coal In Binchang Mining Area, Liu Huibin, He Wanying, Jiang Bo

Coal Geology & Exploration

Based on the analysis of geological characteristics of the study area, it is considered that the geological conditions of H₂S occurrence are the capping effect of dense surrounding rock on the roof and floor, the water-conducting fractured zone is unable to guide the overlying aquifer, and the low degree of coal metamorphism is not conducive to H₂S adsorption, resulting in maximum H₂S concentration of about 0.001 4% in the main mined coal seam 4 during the construction of Yadian mine at the north of Binchang mining area. Through the analysis of sulfur distribution, sulfate …

Pyrolysis Characteristics And Pyrolysis Product Composition Of Bituminous Coal Under Weak Oxidizing Atmosphere, Zang Libin, Cui Hufeng, Li Qingchun

Coal Geology & Exploration

In order to improve the light tar and gas yield, the yield distribution and composition characteristics of pyrolysis products of bituminous coal from Shaanxi Hongliulin in the nitrogen atmosphere and weak oxygen atmosphere were studied in a fixed bed reactor. The results showed that the yield of char and tar were reduced under the weak oxygen atmosphere, and the yield of CO and CO₂ increased significantly, leading to the increase of total gas yield. Due to the oxidation combustion reaction, the yield of H₂, CH₄ and C₂-C₃ gradually decreased with the increase of …

Aggregation And Sedimentation Experiments Of Coal Fines With Different Particle Sizes During Cbm Development, Wei Yingchun, Cui Maolin, Zhang Jin, Meng Tao, Yao Zheng

Coal Geology & Exploration

During the development process of coalbed methane, the aggregation and sedimentation of coal fines can block the migration channel of coalbed methane and lead to accidents such as stuck pump and buried pump. In order to find out the aggregation and sedimentation characteristics of coal fines with different particle sizes, the aggregation and sedimentation experiments of coal fines with the particle size>140 mesh(<106 μm), 70 to 140 mesh(106-212 μm) and 50 to 70 mesh(212-300 μm) in deionized water were carried out. The aggregation and sedimentation characteristics of coal fines with different particle sizes in deionized water suspension were investigated from the suspension observation, the concentration characteristics of coal fines and the particle size distribution of coal fines in suspension. The results show that with the increase of the time, the color of coal fines suspension becomes lighter to different degrees, and the stratification of coal fines suspension gradually appears, and the suspension of coal fines with the particle size more than 140 mesh was the first to stratify among three suspensions. The smaller the particle sizes of coal fines, the more coal fines float on the top of the suspension, and the larger the particle sizes of coal fines, the more coal fines sink to the bottom of the suspension. The concentration of coal fines in the suspensions decreased to different degrees with the increase of the time. The concentration of coal fines decreased the fastest within 3 minutes after stopping the stirring. The concentration of coal fines with the particle sizes of 70 to 140 mesh in suspension was the largest among three suspensions. According to the particle size distribution curves, the process of aggregation and sedimentation of coal fines was divided into three stages: single peak to double peak(rapid floating and settlement of coal fines), double peak to single peak(rapid accumulation and settlement of coal fines) and single peak(slow sedimentation of coal fines). Coal fines with particle size more than 140 mesh in the suspension was the first to reach the stage of slow sedimentation, and coal fines with particle size of 70-140 mesh in the suspension reached the stage of slow sedimentation at the latest among three suspensions. The mechanism of aggregation and sedimentation of coal fines was discussed from the aspects of the force of coal fines, the extended DLVO theory, and the organic molecular structure of coal fines. The coal samples contain a large number of hydrophobic groups, such as aliphatic hydrocarbon and aromatic hydrocarbon, therefore, they have strong hydrophobicity and low wettability. With the decrease of particle sizes of coal fines, its specific surface area increases significantly, and a large amount of air is absorbed on the surface of coal fines, forming an air film. At the same time, particles of coal fines are adsorbed and aggregated with each other, and many micro pores are formed inside, resulting in that coal fines with small particle size is easy to aggregate and float on the suspension surface.

Progressive Gas Extraction Technology In Broken Soft Coal Seam Of Qinglong Coal Mine, Guizhou Province, Liang Daofu, Cao Jianming, Dai Mao, Chu Zhiwei, Zhang Lei

Coal Geology & Exploration

Aiming at the problems of uncontrollable trajectory, shallow borehole depth and poor gas extraction effect in gas treatment drilling of broken soft coal seam in Qinglong coal mine, the regional progressive gas extraction technology in broken soft coal seam based on compressed-air directional drilling was proposed, on the basis of analyzing the technical bottleneck of existing gas extraction borehole with rotary drilling. The principle and advantage of the technology was expounded, the technology of directional drilling by compressed-air, the technology of long distance in-seam drilling, and the technology of compound slag discharge by double power were integrated. The field test …

Geological Modeling-Based Productivity Response Characteristics Of The Cbm Well In Baode Unitⅰ, Chen Bo, Tang Dazhen, Lin Wenji, Li Song, Zhong Guanghao, Zhu Xueguang

Coal Geology & Exploration

Coalbed methane resource conditions and reservoir physical conditions are the basis of CBM exploration and exploitation. The geological modeling of CBM reservoir was carried out to clarify the spatial distribution of coal reservoir, and explain the difference of single well productivity, which can provide theoretical basis for selection and well drilling. This paper took Baode unit I as research object. Based on the measured data of gas content and well test permeability, the inversion model of gas content and permeability in the study area was established by using support vector machine algorithm(SVM) and transformed F-S permeability calculation formula, and the …

Quantitative Evaluation Of The Contamination Degree Of The Drilling Fluid For Fractures Of Different Scale In Coal, Zhang Jingshuo, Ni Xiaoming, Li Yang, Li Zongyuan, Cao Yunxing

Coal Geology & Exploration

During coalbed methane well drilling, the drilling fluid contaminates and blocks the pores and fractures of coal seam. In order to find out the difference of pollution degree of drilling fluid coal and the contribution rate of the pores and fractures of different scale to permeability, the coal of Changping mine was taken as the research object, the scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and the Image Pro Plus(IPP) processing technology were used, the parameters such as the average length, the average width, the total area and the total perimeter of the fractures of different scales in coal before and after contamination were …