Engineering Commons^™

Contrast Sensitivity Measurement Via Evoked Potential, Ken-Gen Lu

Theses

This work is concerned with the use of the visual Evoked Response (VER) to determine Contrast Sensitivity in humans. For this purpose, a system has been developed where signals, obtained from scalp electrodes, and stimulated by visual grating patterns, are recorded digitized and processed on a personal computer (IBM compatible). Processing includes signal averaging and digital filtering. The system provides storage, retrieval and graphic representation of data as well as the capability to transfer data to other computer systems. Data processing includes parameter estimation of suitable signal models, which provide effective data compression of the signal into a finite set …

Asics Application On Voice Processing Interface Design- Qegg Multiplier, Gwo-Jen Luar

Theses

Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASIC) is a high density VLSI design that including the lower cost, higher performance, small size, and increased reliability. The ASIC, XILINX's LCA is applied on the signal processing ahead of computer I/O interface, specially for the quantitative Electroglottograph. This thesis covers the logic design, simulation test, realization, and stand alone test.

High Frequency Gaussian Beams Solution Of A Plane Wave Coupling Into Cylindrical Cavity, Christine Issa Mourad

Theses

Propagation of high frequency fields as a superposition of Gaussian beams instead of geometrical ray fields has potential advantages in complicated environments because the beams do not fail in ray optic transition regions. While the Gaussian beam method can be made rigorous through self consistent stacking of displaced and tilted beams on a Gabor phase space lattice, with retention of full beam spectra, computation is facilitated when the propagation domain is covered with paraxially approximated nontilted beams. The spectral deficiencies introduced by this simplified propagation model depend on the propagation environment. They are examined here for a plane wave coupling …

A Dynamic Set-Based Multiaccess Protocol For Local Area Networks, Parul S. Nanavati

Theses

The packet-broadcasting technique brings together the advantages of both packet switching and broadcast communication. The central problem of a packet broadcast network is conflict resolution among the users sharing the broadcast communication link. Collisions are the major source of transmission errors which degrade the performance of a LAN. Proposed here is a novel multiaccess protocol which offers full communication resources to the user at low traffic requirements. It dynamically adjusts the number of users allowed to access the medium at heavy traffic requirements such that number of collisions are reduced and thus maintains the efficient utilization of the medium and …

Reliability Problems In Semiconductor Lasers, Ajay R. Patel

Theses

The stability and reliability of semiconductor laser is dependent on its design, fabrication, and output power. The best way to assure high reliability of these devices is by accelerated aging test and by selection of strict and meaningful criteria for the acceptance or rejection of a particular device. In this thesis emphasis is given on different failure mechanisms that are known. As new development takes place, other mechanisms may be found. Catastrophic degradation, gradual degradation, darkline defects, and contamination during the fabrication process are the main source of device failure.

The noise generation and the packaging issue of semiconductor laser …

Design Criteria Of Coherent Optical Fiber Communication System, Rajesh N. Patel

Theses

Design criteria of coherent optical fiber communication system were discussed and investigated. First, the different types of optical fibers (waveguides) were discussed. Then the laser sources, photo-detectors, transmitter & receiver circuits were discussed in detail.

Design criteria of conventional intensity modulated (direct detection) optical fiber communication system were discussed. Then, the design criteria and estimation of number of photons for different modulation schemes for coherent optical fiber communication system were analyzed.

Coherent optical fiber communication system's advantages and drawbacks were discussed in detail. Improvement in receiver sensitivity of coherent detection compare with conventional direct detection was investigated. Finally, some receiver …

Image Enhancement And Edge Detection Using Fuzzy Algorithm, Samir Patel

Theses

A method of image enhancement and edge detection by computer using the fuzzy set is illustrated. The algorithm involves extraction of fuzzy properties corresponding to pixels and then succesive application of fuzzy operator 'contrast intensification' along with smoothing in the fuzzy property plane before detecting its edges. The property plane is extracted from the spatial domain using S, π, and (1- π) functions and the fuzzifiers. Edge detection is achieved using KIRSH operator. A computer routine is developed and the effectiveness of the algorithm with different value of the system parameter is demonstrated on different images. The digital computer HP …

Microprocessor Testing And Computer Aided Diagnosability Of Digital Circuits, Shirish Patel

Theses

Computer Aided Diagnosability Of Circuits (CADOC), a new method is developed for isolating and pin-pointing a faulty device in digital circuits. CADOC is based on graph-theoretic principle and PFD numbers. Without considering any SA1 or SAO faults, we can zoom out faulty device by selecting different diagnostic path to narrow down the faulty region and to isolate the faulty device. The efficiency of this new technique is confirmed by applying the technique to many examples.

Reliability Evaluation Of Liquid Crystal Displays Under Accelerated Test Conditions, Ishatdev Singh Rathore

Theses

This thesis deals with the recent study of reliability of liquid crystal displays. This study determined the effects of high temperature on LCD reliability. To accomplish this, reliability life testing was done on different kinds of LCD samples under different operating conditions. The tests were carried out on the samples of two different vendors at two different temperatures. No humidity was added in any test.

Vendor No. 1

1. 120 units at 77° ± l° C.

2. 80 units at 85° ± 1° C.

Vendor No. 2

1. 60 hard and 60 soft glass units at 77° ± 1°C.

2. …

Design And Development Of An Infrared Ccd Camera, John Frederick Romanowich

Theses

An infrared CCD camera system was designed and developed for operating various sizes of Schottky-barrier IR-CCD image sensor chips. The camera has a digitally programmable frequency synthesizer for operating the 160 X 244, 320 X 244, and 256 X 256 image sensors developed at the David Sarnoff Research Center. The electronics of the camera are designed to provide the outputs required for operating a XYZ monitor, a standard TV monitor, or a computer workstation. At the core of the camera design is a RS-170 standard sync generator that supplies the waveforms for synchronizing the camera's circuitry to produce a composite …

Study Of Dynamic Cmos Families And Development Of Certain Guidelines For Logic Synthesis, Vinay Santurkar

Theses

This work studies in detail two dynamic logic families, namely Zipper and Nora. It compares their performance using SPICE, a popular circuit simulator. Results show that a novel clocking scheme and a different latch circuit for the Nora pipelined structure can push its maximum clock rate of CMOS Dynamic circuits higher. It also ascertains whether the increased complexity of NORA is justified compared to the simpler Zipper circuit. It is shown that for very long logic chains, Nora works faster than Zipper. The work also presents some guidelines for synthesis of logic functions using CMOS Dynamic Cells. It shows that …

An Investigation Of Electrical And Physical Properties Of Reactively, Diode Sputtered Silicon Nitride Thin Films, Divyang Manharlal Shah

Theses

Silicon nitride thin films were deposited by r.f. reactive sputtering of silicon in nitrogen and argon discharge. Biased and unbiased modes of diode mode sputtering were used. Typical parameters for a sputter deposition run were: base pressure, 1-2x10-6 torr; sputtering pressure, 5-7 mtorr; nitrogen partial pressure, 15-16%; cathode-anode gap, 4 inch; r.f. power, 200-250 watts; cathode voltage, 1.8-2.1 V r.f.; water vapor pressure, 20-30% of the base pressure. The film thickness and the refractive index were measured by ellipsometery. The films of thickness 300-2500A, refractive index 1.9-2.1 and resistivity 10101Ω — cm were obtained. The deposition rate was in the …

Design Of An Experimental Apparatus To Measure The Charge And Mass Of Ionized Species In A Partially Ionized Cluster Beam Deposition System, Nitin K. Shah

Theses

The objective of this research was the design and construction of an experimental apparatus to investigate the size distribution of gallium clusters that can be emitted from a heated crucible with a 1 mm nozzle. This research work involved the design and construction of a partially ionized cluster beam (PICB) deposition system which would provide low charged particle background for retarding field analysis and cluster size measurements. The apparatus also allowed control of critical parameters on which the cluster size may depend.

The promise of PICB is based on the formation of clusters of adatoms, their ionization and their acceleration …

Analysis And Simulation Of Chirp Radar System, Tina Tsung Tsai

Theses

This paper consists of a technique to design a Chirp radar system and proposes a solution to optimize the design of the linear time delay network required in such systems. A Chirp radar system has a wide bandwidth for high range resolution, and long pulse duration for high velocity resolution and high transmitted energy. The technique of a pulse compression system offers a means of increasing the average power available to illuminate radar targets without any loss of the resolution at the receiver needed for the tactical requirements of the system. This is accomplished by transmitting a wide pulse in …

Cmos Sram Design For Initializing Programmable Logic Devices, Ravi K. Vaidyanathan

Theses

This thesis presents the design of CMOS Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) which is imbedded within a high performance Programmable Logic Device (PLD). The SRAM and its control circuitry are used to initialize (or personalize) the NJIT PLD chip. The design is defined in 3-levels of functional hierarchy consistent with the physical and electronic design automation utilized for this design. The imbedded SRAM supports the PLD application circuit which includes 8 small Array and one large Control Programmable Logic Arrays.

The SRAM is structured as 64 X 138 bit array with serial read and write inputs. It is designed emphasizing …

Analysis Of Spread Spectrum System Using Direct Sequence Technique In Jamming Environment, Kandarp A. Vyas

Theses

A spread spectrum system is a means of transmitting data over a channel In addition it offers a wide variety of features like data security and signal hiding This work studies in detail a spread spectrum system using direct sequence binary phase shift keying. The Sliding Correlator and Sequential Detector techniques have been used to achieve synchronization. A brief study of pseudorandom noise has been presented. System was simulated on UNIX using 'c'. A modified version, suitable for software implementation, of Sliding Correlator and Sequential Detector was, used. Results generated using tins model are presented here.

Temperature Dependent Reliability Of Plastic Packaged Microcircuits, Wasim Ahmed

Theses

Increasing power and power densities in new high complexity semiconductor devices are creating heat removal problems. Increased powers produce higher junction temperature which lead to potentially faster degradation of device reliability. Thermal management at device level packaging involves efficient and cost-effective removal of dissipated thermal energy from the device to assure its reliable performance over the long term. In the context of very high levels of integeration of future ICs, thermal management will mean making such devices possible close to the limits of acceptable high temperature.

The major factors affecting heat flow in a plastic Dual-in-line-packages (DIP'S) are investigated using …

Rf Characterization Of A Directly Modulated Ingaasp Buried Heterostructure Laser Diode, Charlotte Alvarez

Theses

The use of fiber optics for the transmission of microwave signals had its beginnings in 1984. Applications were limited to the lower microwave frequency regions. Technology in this field is advancing rapidly due to the high demand driven by the telecommunications community for high speed digital applications. Extensive research and development efforts are underway by both the component manufacturers and the subsystem end user. Most of the near term applications of microwaves in fiber optics are in weapon systems and communication systems for military and other government agencies.

The high frequency modulation characteristics of Lytel's InGaAsP 1300 nm buried heterostructure …

Design Of Bridge Inter-Connecting Token Ring & Token Bus Local Area Networks, Kasinath Anupindi

Theses

A Bridge interconnecting two Local Area Networks has been modelled. The two interconnected networks are the Token Ring and the Token Bus LANs. Concepts of Queueing theory have been employed in the design. Initially it is assumed that the buffer size at the Bridge is infinite. Further it is assumed that the arrival rate of the messages is Markovian and the service rate is General, Le it is an M/G/1 system. Expressions for the average waiting time at the Bridge and the size of the buffers is computed. Graphs for various parameters have been plotted. Based on these graphs the …

Data Flow Dependency Generator, Chin-Piao Chan

Theses

Data flow is a new approach to parallel computing. The concept is to enable the execution of an instruction whenever its operands become available. The only constraints in a data flow machine are the data flow dependencies between instructions.

In this thesis, a simulation package called the Data Flow Dependency Generator is developed. This package is designed to express the idea of data flow computations, the data flow dependencies and the use of multiprocessors.

Given a number of processors, a number of time units for each operation and a program, the Data Flow Dependency Generator finds the data dependencies between …

A 3-D Tactile Sensor With Digital Output, Sin-Shou Cho

Theses

This thesis details the design of a new tactile sensor for general-purpose robot manipulators. Such manipulators, designed to be functionally equivalent to the human hand, will require sensor arrays that fulfill several requirements : (1) many sensor elements to minimize tactile imaging time, (2) close spacing of small sensing elements for fine spatial discrimination, (3) ability to be molded to a convex fingertip surface for taction on concave surfaces, (4) tolerance to over-scale forces without damage. In addition to the above, which are considered requirements, several other characteristics are desirable. Foremost is the ability to sense shear forces, which provide …

Implementation Of The Voice Processing System, Yang-Young Dan

Theses

The Voice Processing System is implemented by using XILINX Advanced Computer Aided Design Technology. It is also used as an interface to the 8052 AH-BASIC single hoard computer system.

The Voice Processing System ( VPS ) comprises three major parts:

1. Voice Detection Circuit

2. System Clock Generation & Synchronization

3. Signal Processing and Storing Circuit

The analog voice sip!gnals are the inputs to the first part of VPS. The digitalized voice is the output of this system.

In order to get precise output, the first part plays the roles of noise cancellation, zero crossing processing, and recognition.

For the …

Effects Of Peripheral And Microwave-Core Heating On Survival In Hemorrhagic Shock In Rats, Ashraf Sabry El-Assuooty

Theses

In a model of rats resuscitated from hemorrhagic shock,where 11 of 12 animals were alive up to 4 hours after shock, there was an average drop of 10°C in core body temperature. Survival and morbidity was much impaired when the shocked animals were externally heated with an infrared lamp to maintain a core body temperature of 35°C. Since the increased intrashock mortality is possibly due to the circulatory changes induced by peripheral heating, an attempt was made to determine the effects of heating the animal at its core. Twelve rats were shocked in the same fashion, however the body core …

Stepping Motor Control And Position Monitoring, Pei-Kuan Feng

Theses

Stepping motors provide precise digital control of speed, without speed detector feedback. A stepping motor can produce a large torque for a relatively small displacement, without a shaft-position sensor or special compensation. This provides accurate control of motor position. This thesis describes the development of stepping motor torque characteristics and the different approaches stepping motor phase current waveform detection. It is shown that one of the most useful indicators of rotor position is the initial rate of current rise. The Hybrid, Permanent-magnet and Variable-reluctance step motors have been applied in the drive circuits. The open-loop control circuits are implemented to …

An Investigation Of Interrupt Handling Schemes In Pipeline Processors, Shailesh Ratilal Gami

Theses

In order to acheive higher performance in a pipeline processor, proper interrupt handling is essential. In a pipeline processor, interrupt handling is difficult because many instructions are in the processor at the same time. This study describes and evaluates the different solutions to interrupt handling. Several pipelined 32-bit microprocessors have also been studied and their architectural and programming features are compared.

The Tapered Dielectric Rod-Conical Antenna, Nicholas I. Georghiades

Theses

The problem of the linearly tapered dielectric rod/conical antenna, excited by the HEI1 hybrid mode in a metallic circular waveguide , is rigorously studied. A theoretical model, and numerical investigation for the radiation characteristics of such an antenna are presented. The model is based on the combination of classical analysis of the Electromagnetic Fields within the dielectric rod, Local Mode Theory, and the Equivalence Principle for the determination of equivalent current distributions.

The far-zone radiation field is considered to be the summation of the fields produced by two radiative components in the dielectric rod/conical structure: The "aperture" of the uniform …

Microcomputer-Controlled Respiratory Rate Monitor, David John Hartmann

Theses

In order to measure the metabolic change in an animal due to the administration of anti-obesity drugs, an instrument was constructed which will allow the continuous sampling of twelve individual animals residing in enclosed chambers. The instrument is based on the principle of Indirect Calorimetry, which measures metabolic rate by sampling the inlet and outlet concentrations of respiratory gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) of the chamber. The system is controlled by an IBM PC which will control six chambers or twelve chambers simultaneously.

The system assesses the metabolic rate of the animal by calculating the Respiratory Quotient (RQ) and the …

A Computer-Based Microwave Interferometer Instrumentation System As A Non-Invasive Cardiopulmonary Monitor, Chin-Yee Eric Ho

Theses

The system comprises a microwave interferometer as a computer-based non-invasive cardiopulmonary monitor. The microwave interferometer records the mechanical vibration of the chest wall. The objective is to determine whether the signals may have diagnostic value and to evaluate the instrument as a non-invasive and non-contacting cardiopulmonary monitor.

With the help of a computer it is possible to analyze the mechanical vibration of the chest wall produced by the heart and thereby detect, and possibly categorize, cardiac abnormalities. This system is able to process two channels, the first signal from microwave interferometer records chest wall vibrations and the second signal is …

Performance Of Single Dwell Serial Synchronization System, Chan-Yee Hsiung

Theses

By using the sampling theorem, the problem of the detection of a signal in white Gaussian noise, reduces to the consideration of the sum of the squares of statistically independent Gaussian variates. If the transmitter and and receiver are not synchronous, then no data transmission is possible and the decision statistic has a central chi-square distribution. Otherwise, the decision statistic has a non-central chi-square distribution. Also, this. paper presents a method to calculate the mean and variance of the acquisition time which are the most important parameters to evaluate the performance of a PN spread synchronization system. In addition, the …

The Application Of Zero-Sum Games To Low Sensitivity Optimal Control, Jun Huang

Theses

This thesis deals with the synthesis of low sensitivity optimal control systems. Zero-Sum games are applied to the first order linear differential equation system. The goal is to obtain an optimal control of the system performance, and at the same time, reduce the sensitivity of the performance index and sensitivity trajectory.

In this thesis, the quadratic index of performance is selected in the argumented system which is combined/ the system equation with the sensitivity equation. Two control variables U & V are selected to maximize and minimize the system, in order to obtain the optimal value of the system.

Two …