Engineering Commons^™

Fpga-Based Design Of A Maximum-Power-Point Tracking System For Space A, Todd Persen

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Satellites need a source of power throughout their missions to help them remain operational for several years. The power supplies of these satellites, provided primarily by solar arrays, must have high efficiencies and low weights in order to meet stringent design constraints. Power conversion from these arrays is required to provide robust and reliable conversion which performs optimally in varying conditions of peak power, solar flux, and occlusion conditions. Since the role of these arrays is to deliver power, one of the principle factors in achieving maximum power output from an array is tracking and holding its maximum-power point. This …

Low Power Cmos Circuit Design And Reliability Analysis For Wireless Me, Md Anwar Sadat

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A sensor node 'AccuMicroMotion' is proposed that has the ability to detect motion in 6 degrees of freedom for the application of physiological activity monitoring. It is expected to be light weight, low power, small and cheap. The sensor node may collect and transmit 3 axes of acceleration and 3 axes of angular rotation signals from MEMS transducers wirelessly to a nearby base station while attached to or implanted in human body. This dissertation proposes a wireless electronic system-on-a-single-chip to implement the sensor in a traditional CMOS process. The system is low power and may operate 50 hours from a …

Hybrid And Hierarchical Image Registration Techniques, Dongjiang Xu

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A large number of image registration techniques have been developed for various types of sensors and applications, with the aim to improve the accuracy, computational complexity, generality, and robustness. They can be broadly classified into two categories: intensity-based and feature-based methods. The primary drawback of the intensity-based approaches is that it may fail unless the two images are misaligned by a moderate difference in scale, rotation, and translation. In addition, intensity-based methods lack the robustness in the presence of non-spatial distortions due to different imaging conditions between images. In this dissertation, the image registration is formulated as a two-stage hybrid …

Are Microbubbles Necessary For The Breakdown Of Liquid Water Subjected To A Submicrosecond Pulse?, R. P. Joshi, J. Qian, G. Zhao, J. Kolb, K. H. Schoenbach, E. Schamiloglu, J. Gaudet

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Electrical breakdown in homogeneous liquid water for an ∼ 100 ns voltage pulse is analyzed. It is shown that electron-impact ionization is not likely to be important and could only be operative for low-density situations or possibly under optical excitation. Simulation results also indicate that field ionization of liquid water can lead to a liquid breakdown provided the ionization energies were very low in the order of 2.3eV. Under such conditions, an electric-field collapse at the anode and plasma propagation toward the cathode, with minimal physical charge transport, is predicted. However, the low, unphysical ionization energies necessary for matching …

Development Of A Low Jitter Multiplying Delay Locked Loop, Ian Kennedy

Theses

The clock generator is a critical component in high-speed wireline communication systems. The clocks in these systems mark time at precise regular intervals. Any deviation of the clock edges from these ideal time points is called jitter and it degrades the overall integrity of the communication system. This thesis looks at both phase locked loops (PLLs) and delay locked loops (DLLs) and their ability to provide these precise clocks. Expressions for the thermal noise-induced jitter in both the PLL and DLL are compared. From this, the DLL is shown to possess the potential for better jitter performance. However, to realise …

A Sip Based Multimedia Messaging Service, Donna Griffin

Theses

The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) is the protocol of choice for establishing multimedia sessions in Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) networks as stated by 3GPP. SIP is a protocol that will merge together the cellular and Internet worlds and is also scalable, highly available and extensible. It enables mobile carriers to extend operations, administration, maintenance and provisioning (OAMP) in one application to all applications. In addition, while SIP permits presence. Instant Messaging, File Sharing etc., its ultimate value lies in seamlessly aggregating these applications in more powerful offerings, such as Multimedia Messaging, Push to Talk and Voice over IP.

Multimedia …

Performance Estimation Of A Sip Based Push-To-Talk Service For 3g Wireless Networks, Eoin O'Regan

Theses

Push To Talk (PTT) services have been in existence for several decades providing dispatch services via two-way radio such as walkie-talkies. For a number of years now PTT services have been available for use over mobile phone networks. These mobile PTT services have occupied a niche market with business users and have been provided on proprietary networks that do not enable roaming.

Over the past year there has been an explosion of interest in the concept of PTT provided over mobile networks using Internet Protocol (IP) technology. This service uses cellular access and radio resources more efficiently than circuit-switched cellular …

Load Flow Solution For Three-Phase Mv Radial Distribution Connected Network Supplying Different Line Topologies, B. J. Kundy

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

In this paper, a load flow solution for the Medium Voltage (MV) three-phase radial distribution in delta-delta (Δ–Δ) connected network supplying different line topologies such as three phase, phase to phase and single-wire earth return (SWER) networks is presented. The general voltage related network equations are developed using Kirchhoff’s voltage and current laws. Development of a solution to the load flow analysis applying the developed general voltage related network equations is proposed in order to evaluate the network voltage profile. Various numbers of arrays are developed for the identification of the network under study. The proposed method is a new …

Adoption Of Variable Rate Technology, Isti Surjandari, Marvin T. Batte

Makara Journal of Technology

Site Specific Management (SSM), which also variously referred to as Variable Rate Technology (VRT), is an emerging technology that enables producers to make more precise input application decisions based on soil and field characteristics. This study analyzes factors influencing the adoption of VRT for fertilizer application for cash grain production in Ohio. Results show that producer and field characteristics might influence the adoption decision on various SSM components differently. It also provides insight as to the sequence of adoption of SSM component technologies and how this sequence might differ for producers of differing characteristics.

Study On Electrochromic Effect Of Polyaniline Film, Lienda Handojo, Junus Simangunsong

Makara Journal of Technology

Study on Electrochromic Effect of Polyaniline Film. The light transmission factor of an electrochromic film changes reversibly with the application of an electrical voltage. Thereby the transparent film becomes reversibly opaque so that it may be used to control light transmission. In this paper the results of a study on polyaniline film as an electrochromic active material is reported. Polyaniline looks yellow transparent in the reduced state and turns to green-blue at its oxidized state. The electrochromic device considered in this paper was fabricated in planar configuration of ITO glass − polyaniline film − electrolyte − ITO glass which involved …

Role Of K3-Xhxpw12o40 As A Catalyst In Selective Catalysis Of Methylamine Synthesis From Ammonia And Methanol, Mohammad Nasikin

Makara Journal of Technology

Role of K3-xHxPW12O40 as a Catalyst in Selective Catalysis of Methylamine Synthesis from Ammonia and Methanol. Synthesize of methylamine from methanol and ammonia was studied in this research work using a partially potassium heteropoly salt (K3-xHxPW12O40 abbreviated as KPW) as a catalyst. KPW was prepared from heteropoly salt and potassium carbonate by using ion exchange method. The reaction was conducted at 600 ~ 800K and at the atmospheric pressure. Reactor used was a continue flow reactor with W/F=0,1~0,9g-kat.mnt./cc.Concentration of reactants and products were analyzed by gas chromathography while catalyst structure was observed by XRD (X-ray diffraction). Isothermal adsorption method was …

Identification Of The First Limiting Amino Acid In Cooked Polished White Rice Fed To Weanling Holtzman Rats, Mellova Masrizal, J. B. Lamb

Makara Journal of Technology

Forty-eight male weanling rats (91 g) were utilized to study the nutritional adequacy of cooked polished white rice. Rats were individually housed, and allowed ad libitum access to one of six treatment diets. Treatment diets were 1) polished white rice plus 10% casein and 0.18% methionine, CAS, 2) polished white rice, WHR, 3) polished white rice plus 0.45% lysine, LYS, 4) polished white rice plus0.40% methionine, MET, 5) polished white rice plus 0.30% threonine, THR, 6) polished white rice plus 0.45% lysine, 0.40% methionine, and 0.40% threonine, COM. Rice was cooked prior diet formulation using a 3 to 1 ratio …

Application Of Tabu Search Algorithm In Job Shop Scheduling, Betrianis Betrianis, Putu Teguh Aryawan

Makara Journal of Technology

Application of Tabu Search Algorithm in Job Shop Scheduling. Tabu Search is one of local search methods which is used to solve the combinatorial optimization problem. This method aimed is to make the searching process of the best solution in a complex combinatorial optimization problem(np hard), ex : job shop scheduling problem, became more effective, in a less computational time but with no guarantee to optimum solution.In this paper, tabu search is used to solve the job shop scheduling problem consists of 3 (three) cases, which is ordering package of September, October and November with objective of minimizing makespan (Cmax). …

Alum And Pacl Coagulation, Winarni Winarni

Makara Journal of Technology

Alum and PACl Coagulation. Coagulation occurs by interaction of aluminum hydrolysis products with the contaminant such as colloidal particles. It is necessary to consider the different aluminum species that may present during specific conditions, since the mechanism of turbidity removal is dependent upon them. PACl consists of preformed aluminum hydrolysis products, which are stable below pH 6 and less sensitive than in situ hydrolysis product, alum. The benefits of PACl relative to alum have been investigated as a function of pH and Al dosages. Specific conditions and aluminum species that exist during the certain mechanisms of coagulation are discussed. Results …

The Selection Of Materials For Roller Chains From The Perspective Of Manufacturing Process, Rahmat Saptono

Makara Journal of Technology

The selection of materials for an engineering component is not only requested by its design function and shape, but also the sequence through which it is manufactured. The manufacturing operation of roller chains involves drawing and trimming processes aimed at producing semi-finished chain drives component with a well-standardized dimension. In addition to final combination of properties required by design constraints, the ability of materials to be formed into a desired shape and geometry without failure is also critical. The objective of materials selection should therefore involve additional attributes that are not typically accommodated by the standard procedure of materials selection. …

An Economic Analysis Of Variable Rate Technology, Isti Surjandari, Marvin T. Batte, Mario J. Miranda

Makara Journal of Technology

Variable Rate Technology (VRT) offers an opportunity to improve production efficiency by allowing input applications to fluctuate in response to spatial variations in soil characteristics and nutrient levels. Society may also benefit from reduced negative externalities, such as surface and groundwater contamination, from input applications. Using a dynamic spatial model, this study examines how the interaction among variability, spatial autocorrelation, and mean level of soil fertility affects optimal sampling density and the economic gains from VRT. VRT was found to be profitable under selected conditions, and the optimal grid size will vary with these conditions. In the case where variability …

Double-Scaled Potential Profile In A Group-Iii Nitride Alloy Revealed By Monte Carlo Simulation Of Exciton Hopping, K. Kazlauskas, G. Tamulaitis, A. Zukauskas, M. A. Khan, J. W. Yang, J. Zhang, Grigory Simin, M. S. Shur, R. Gaska

Faculty Publications

The temperature dependences of the peak position and width of the photoluminescence band in Al_0.1In_0.01Ga_0.89N layers were explained by Monte Carlo simulation of exciton localization and hopping. The introduction of a doubled-scaled potential profile due to inhomogeneous distribution of indium allowed obtaining a good quantitative fit of the experimental data. Hopping of excitons was assumed to occur through localized states distributed on a 16 meV energy scale within the In-rich clusters with the average energy in these clusters dispersed on a larger (42 meV) scale.

Examination Of Focused Beam Propagation Through A Finite Non-Reciprocal Planar Chiral Slab Using Complex Fresnel Coefficients And Dual Transforms, Monish Ranjan Chatterjee, Sumit Nema, Partha P. Banerjee

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Recently, uniform plane wave propagation across a nonchiral-chiral interface was examined via the development of appropriate Fresnel coefficients. In this extension, propagation of focused uniform and profiled beams through a finite, planar nonreciprocal chiral slab is investigated using complex Fresnel coefficients via angular plane wave decomposition and dual transforms.

The Estimation And Control Of A Laboratory Heating And Ventilation System, Robin P. Mooney

Masters in Advanced Engineering

This dissertation is concerned with the estimation and control of a laboratory heating and ventilation system (Instrutek VVS-400). The system is a 2x2 multi-input multi-output process (MIMO). It has been shown that simple techniques such as the ultimate cycle method do not provide adequate control of the process. The system was interfaced with a PC using Matlab/Simulink via a data acquisition package (Humusoft). Continuous time process identification techniques were applied to the flow and temperature processes. The alternative tangent and point method was used to model the processes, and their interaction, using a first order lag plus delay model. Models …

Mobility Modeling And Management For Next Generation Wireless Networks, Woo-Jin Choi

Dissertations

Mobility modeling and management in wireless networks are the set of tasks performed in order to model motion patterns, predict trajectories, get information on mobiles' whereabouts and to make use of this information in handoff, routing, location management, resource allocation and other functions.

In the literature, the speed of mobile is often and misleadingly referred to as the level of mobility, such as "high" or "low" mobility. This dissertation presents an information theoretic approach to mobility modeling and management, in which mobility is considered as a measure of uncertainty in mobile's trajectory, that is, the mobility is low if the …

Capacity, Coding And Interference Cancellation In Multiuser Multicarrier Wireless Communications Systems, Christian Ibars Casas

Dissertations

Multicarrier modulation and multiuser systems have generated a great deal of research during the last decade. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is a multicarrier modulation generated with the inverse Discrete Fourier Transform, which has been adopted for standards in wireless and wire-line communications. Multiuser wireless systems using multicarrier modulation suffer from the effects of dispersive fading channels, which create multi-access, inter-symbol, and inter-carrier interference (MAI, ISI, ICI). Nevertheless, channel dispersion also provides diversity, which can be exploited and has the potential to increase robustness against fading. Multiuser multi-carrier systems can be implemented using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), a …

Performance Evaluation For Communication Systems With Receive Diversity And Interference, Debang Lao

Dissertations

Optimum combining (OC) is a well-known coherent detection technique used to combat fading and suppress cochannel interference. In this dissertation, expressions are developed to evaluate the error probability of OC for systems with multiple interferers and multiple receiving branches. Three approaches are taken to derive the expressions. The first one starts from the decision metrics of OC. It facilitates obtaining closed-form expressions for binary phase-shift keying modulation. The second approach utilizes the moment generating function of the output signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) and results in expressions for symbol and bit error probability for multiple phaseshift keying modulation. …

Method For Theoretically Determining The Locus And Location Of The Transmission Zeros In Microwave Filter Networks, Keehong Um

Dissertations

This dissertation presents a theoretical investigation of a practical method to determine quantitatively the locations and loci of complex transmission zeros (TZ's) of positively and negatively cross-coupled RF or microwave bandpass filter networks.

Bandpass filters can be effectively designed by adjusting the locations of TZ's in the complex s-domain. To locate TZ's, this practical method uses chain matrices for subsystems (discrete parts of the network) of the filter network, and can be extended to other types of filters with cross-coupled sections.

An important result is that a complex doublet, triplet and/or quadruplet, (one-, two-, or four-pairs) of TZ's are shown …

Transport Properties Of Nc-Si / A-Sio2 Superlattices And Their Applications In Non-Volatile Memory, Lakshmi Susmitha Koneru

Theses

The dc current-voltage characteristics, ac conductivity, equivalent capacitance, photocurrent transients of the n-Si/nanocrystalline-Si/amorphous-SiO₂/Al heterostructure were measured in a wide range of illumination intensities for temperatures from 4.2 K to 300 K. Electrical transport properties of the nanocrystalline-Si/amorphous-SiO₂ superlattices were discussed. The observed domination of the electron component at negative bias and of the hole component at positive bias above 0.7 V in a dc current allows to separate transport features of electrons and holes in a nc-Si/a-SiO₂ superlattices. Transport of electrons is thermally activated if potential barrier at c-Si/SL interface of 70 meV is suppressed and …

Service Differentiation In Multihop Wireless Packet Networks, Ilker Onat

Theses

This work explores the potential of link layer scheduling combined with MAC layer prioritization for providing service differentiation in multihop wireless packet networks. As a result of limited power, multihop characteristic and mobility, packet loss ratio in wireless ad hoc networks tends to be high compared to wireline and one-hop mobile data networks. Therefore, for wireless ad hoc networks, DiffServ-like distributed service differentiation schemes are more viable than hard QoS solutions, which are mainly designed for wireline networks. The choice and implementation of proper queuing and scheduling methods, which determine how packets will use the channel when bandwidth becomes available, …

Photonic Crystals Composed Of Thick Inductive And Capacitive Meshes, Jay Shah

Theses

The transmission properties of metal meshes are studied for single meshes, photonic double layers and photonic crystals. Simulations are performed with the Flomerics Micro-Stripes program for light of infrared and millimeter wavelengths. The Micro-Stripes program solves Maxwell's equations numerically and, for simulations of the transmittance of metal meshes, has been proven as good as an experiment. Input data are the geometrical parameters, the indices of refraction and the conductivity, chosen according to the Drude model. The light is assumed to be at normal incidence and the simulation results are compared with experiments.

Single layers of inductive meshes are studied for …

A Combined Channel-Modified Adaptive Array Mmse Canceller And Viterbi Equalizer, Richard M. Friedman

Theses

In this thesis, a very simple scheme is proposed which couples a maximum-likelihood sequence estimator (MLSE) with a X-element canceller. The method makes use of the MLSE's channel estimator to modify the locally generated training sequence used to calculate the antenna array weights. This method will increase the array's degree of freedom for interference cancellation by allowing the dispersive, desired signal to pass through the array undisturbed. Temporal equalization of the desired signal is then accomplished using maximum-likelihood sequence estimation. The T-spaced channel estimator coefficients and the array weights are obtained simultaneously using the minimum mean square error criteria. The …

Elastic Brain Image Registration Using Mutual Information, Srisheela Devabhaktuni

Theses

Image Registration is the determination of a geometrical transformation that aligns points in one image of an object with corresponding points in another image. The source image is geometrically transformed to match the target image. The geometric transformation can be rigid or non-rigid. Rigid transformations preserve straight lines and angles between straight lines. The basic rigid transformations are rotation, scaling and translation.

In this thesis non-rigid registration using B-splines is the method being used to take into account the elastic change in the brain structure. The B-spline equation is a type of curved transformation that does not preserve the straightness …

Deposition And Characterization Of Laser-Ablated Silicon, Wenwen Luo

Theses

Laser ablation is a powerful thin film deposition and material processing technology. In the Nonlinear Nanostructure Lab at NJIT, silicon films deposited by laser ablation have been studied for the potential applications in nonlinear optoelectronic devices. The previous studies have suggested that the deposited silicon has a hexagonal symmetry, being a polymorph of silicon that previously has been obtained only at very high pressure. This thesis is part of the continuous study and characterization of this new structure. The objective of the research was to gain better understanding of the hexagonal silicon properties as well as the mechanism that lead …

Study Of Mosfet Degradation Under Substrate Injection And Hot Carrier Degradation, Bhawar S. Patel

Theses

With continued scaling of MOSFET's, the reliability of thin gate oxides is becoming increasingly important. Degradation issues due to fabrication technology may result in misinterpretation unless the actual physical situation arising at source, drain, gate and substrate of a transistor during processing is understood. This degradation is prominent in plasma processing due to wafer charging which occurs due to the reactive ions in the plasma. The voltages developed at source and drain junctions, depending upon polarity relative to the substrate cause the source and drain junctions to be forward biased or reverse biased. Keeping in view this type of physical …