Engineering Commons^™

A Simple Improvement To The Viterbi And Viterbi Monomial-Based Phase Estimators, Kenneth V. Cartwright, Edit J. Kaminsky

Electrical Engineering Faculty Publications

It is well known that the Viterbi and Viterbi Monomial- Based Phase Estimator, which includes the Mth Power Estimator, performs poorly for cross QAM signals. However, it is shown here that by allowing the power of the monomial to be negative, much improved performance can be realized at medium to high signalto- noise ratios (SNR). Monte Carlo simulations are used to demonstrate the efficacy of this novel simple extension, for 32- and 128-QAM systems. In principle, this extension can also be applied to other constellations, e.g., (4,12)-PSK.

Time-Frequency Methods For Detection And Classification Of Long Buried Targets, Edit J. Kaminsky, Madalina Barbu, Dale Bibee

Electrical Engineering Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Performance And Spectral Analysis Of Q2psk And Ce Q2psk Systems In Ideal Bandlimited Channels, Milton I. Quinteros, Edit J. Kaminsky, Kenneth V. Cartwright

Electrical Engineering Faculty Publications

The authors present theoretical performance analysis and simulation results for Quadrature-Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (Q2PSK), Constant Envelope (CE) Q2PSK, and trelliscoded 16D CEQ2PSK in ideal bandlimited channels of various bandwidths. The performance of receivers with and without channel estimation is reported. Spectral analysis is presented for each system, in addition to MSK and expanded uncoded 16D CEQ2PSK. We show that the effects of bandlimiting are most severe for Q2PSK. Knowledge of the channel information aids 4D CEQ2PSK the least. Only 6.8 dB of SNR is needed for the TCM system for a bit error rate of 10−5 for the narrowest …

Prototype Of Coupling Unit Network For Power Line Communications, Bharath Srinivasan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Power Line Communications has made impressive strides since its introduction. Power Line Communications (PLC) or Broadband over Power Lines (BPL) is the method of transmitting broadband signals over the power lines and making it available at the power outlet in homes. It provides last mile communication and makes use of existing power lines to transmit signals, thereby eliminating the need to lay cables all over again. PLC is fast becoming a commercial reality in the United States. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) is working toward making PLC a standard with particular emphasis on power emission issues and interference with nearby …

Hurricane Wind Retrieval Algorithm Development For An Airborne Conical Scanning Scatterometer, Santhosh Vasudevan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Reliable ocean wind vector measurements can be obtained using active microwave remote sensing (scatterometry) techniques. With the increase in the number of severe hurricanes making landfall in the United States, there is increased emphasis on operational monitoring of hurricane winds from aircraft. This thesis presents a data processing algorithm to provide real-time hurricane wind vector retrievals (wind speed and direction) from conically scanning airborne microwave scatterometer measurements of ocean surface backscatter. The algorithm is developed to best suit the specifications for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Hurricane Research Division's airborne scatterometer – Integrated Wind and Rain Airborne Profiler …

Ultra Wide Band Radar For People Location And Tracking, Julien Le Kernec

Theses

The development of the UWB radar for people location and tracking was motivated by the need for a location and tracking system that performs well indoor. The objectives of the project are:

1. Conduct literature surveys of Ultra Wide Band and Location & Tracking.

2. Determine which UWB pulse is the most suitable for the UWB radar.

3. Design the concept of the UWB radar based on the literature reviews and the UWB pulse chosen.

4. Build an UWB radar prototype.

5. Measurement and Evaluation of the prototype.

This thesis introduces UWB key historical developments and properties; but also, its …

Synthesis Of Fuel Cell Membrane: Copolymerization Of Styrene On Etfe Film By Grafted Pre-Irradiation, Yohan Yohan, Rifai M. Nur, Lilik Hendrajaya, E. S. Siradj

Makara Journal of Technology

Synthesis of Fuel Cell Membrane: Copolymerization of Styrene on ETFE Film by Grafted pre-Irradiation. Preirradiation Grafting styrene monomer on ETFE film has been prepared. Research has been performed by γ-ray radiation at various total dose from 2.5 – 12.5 kGy and various dose rate from 1.3 – 1.9 kGy/hour. Irradiated copolymer is then grafted by styrene monomer in various solvent: ethanol, 2-propanol, and toluene, various concentration from 20 – 70% volume, various temperature from 50 – 90oC, and various grafting time from 2 – 12 hours. The results showed that percent of grafting is increase with increase of total dose …

Design Of Product Placement Layout In Retail Shop Using Market Basket Analysis, Isti Surjandari, Annury Citra Seruni

Makara Journal of Technology

Retailing is an industry with high level of competition. It is a customer-based industry which depends on how it could be aware of what the customers’ needs and requirements are. One technique most used in supermarkets is the mix merchandise. The purpose of this paper is to identify associated products, which then grouped in mix merchandise with the use of market basket analysis. This association between products then will be applied in the design layout of the product in the supermarket. The process of identifying the related products bought together in one transaction is done by using data mining technique. …

Production Hydrogen And Nanocarbon Via Methane Decomposition Using Ni-Based Catalysts. Effect Of Acidity And Catalyst Diameter, Widodo W. Purwanto, M. Nasikin, E. Saputra, L. Song

Makara Journal of Technology

Objectives of this research are mainly to study impacts of acidity strength (by varying amount of precipitant and loading Al-Si) and the effect of nickel particle size (by varying calcinations temperature) on decomposition reaction performances. In this research, high-nickel-loaded catalyst is prepared with two methods. Ni-Cu/Al catalysts were prepared with co-precipitation method. While the Ni-Cu/Al-Si catalyst were prepared by combined co-precipitation and sol-gel method. The direct cracking of methane was performed in 8mm quartz fixed bed reactor at atmospheric pressure and 500-700°C. The main results showed that the Al content of catalyst increases with the increasing amount of precipitant. The …

Design And Implementation Of 1-2 Ghz Stepped Frequency Gpr For Buried Metal Detection, Joko Suryana, Andriyan B. Suksmono, Tati R. Mengko

Makara Journal of Technology

Design and Implementation of 1-2 GHz Stepped Frequency GPR for Buried Metal Detection. In this paper, we describe the design and realization steps of 1 – 2 GHz SFGPR (Stepped Frequency Ground Penetrating Radar) transceiver for metal detection under the ground. Before using prototyped GPR for detecting the metal under the ground, several of calibration processes must be performed, namely phase calibration and monocycle pulse waveform calibration. After completing the calibrations, this prototyped GPR would be ready for detecting a hidden object such as a metal plate 5 cm under the ground in our small test range size 25 cm …

Simultaneous Treatment Of Organic (Phenol) And Heavy Metal (Cr6+ Or Pt4+) Wastes Over Tio2, Zno-Tio2 And Cds-Tio2 Photocatalysts, Slamet Slamet, R. Arbianti, Daryanto Daryanto

Makara Journal of Technology

Simultaneous Treatment of Organic (Phenol) and Heavy Metal (Cr6+ or Pt4+) Wastes over TiO2, ZnO-TiO2 and CdS-TiO2 Photocatalysts. Treatment of heavy metal (Cr6+ and Pt4+) and organic (phenol) wastes has been studied using the relatively new method, i.e. simultaneous photocatalytic process over TiO2 photocatalysts in the batch photoreactor. Following the photocatalytic reduction of the heavy metal wastes, recovery of Cr and Pt was carried out by precipitation and leaching method, respectively. The experimental results show that in the simultaneous photocatalytic system, there is a synergism effect between the photocatalytic reduction of heavy metal waste (Cr6+ or Pt4+) and the oxidation …

Design Of Generating Dual Frequency Operation For Triangular Microstrip Antenna Using Electromagnetic Coupling, Indra Surjati, Eko Tjipto Rahardjo, Djoko Hartanto

Makara Journal of Technology

Design of Generating Dual Frequency Operation for Triangular Microstrip Antenna Using Electromagnetic Coupling. A new design is proposed in this paper by applying a pair of slits using a microstrip feed line. Therefore the microstrip line feeding system is electromagnetically coupled to the patch. The antenna works at two different frequencies in the range from 2 GHz to 4 GHz (S band frequency). The results of the simulation shows that the dual frequency operation can be created when the slit width is 1 mm and the height of the slits ranges from 10 mm to 14 mm with inter slit …

Development Of Low Frequency Vibration Method Of Direct-Write Deposition Relevant To Layer Manufacturing Application, Susilo Adi Widyanto, Alva Edy Tontowi, Jamasri Jamasri, Heru Santosa Budi Rochardjo

Makara Journal of Technology

The research of deposition process is the first step in development process of multi materials selective laser sintering. The deposition process enables to settle multi materials powder in horizontal formation on one layer. In this research we use low frequency (70 - 200Hz) to vibrate a hopper nozzle in which powder is settled. The research method consists of two steps, the first step is to determine flow-ability parameters and the second is to join flow ability parameter with other parameters such that the line width can be controlled. The results show that the line width depends on uniformity of particle …

Terahertz Studies Of The Dielectric Response And Second-Order Phonons In A Gase Crystal, B. L. Yu, F. Zeng, V. Kartazayev, R. R. Alfano, K. C. Mandal

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Performance Evaluation Of Video Streaming With Background Traffic Over Ieee 802.11 Wlan Networks, Nicola Cranley, Mark Davis

Conference papers

There is an increasing demand for multimedia streaming applications over WLAN networks. MPEG-4 and H.264 are compression standards targeted at high-quality streamed multimedia services over wireless best-effort IP networks. However, the dynamic nature of wireless networks in terms of fluctuating bandwidth and time-varying delays makes it difficult to provide good quality streaming under such constraints. Multimedia streaming applications are a demanding and challenging service to deliver over wireless networks. There is a trade-off between the capacity of the wireless network and the quality of the multimedia streaming application. In this paper we investigate the effect the background traffic load has …

Ozone Concentration In An Atmospheric Pressure Air Plasma Jet, Srinivas Reddy Suddala

Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations

A stable micro-plasma jet in air was generated from a direct current discharge between two molybdenum electrodes (0.25 mm thick) that were separated by an alumina insulator of the same thickness. The after-glow plasma jet was generated by blowing air through the space between the electrodes. A change from laminar to turbulent flow was observed at a gas flow rate of 140 ml/min. The length of the plasma jet increased with flow rate in the laminar mode to approximately 15 mm and decreased in the turbulent mode.

Increasing the gas flow rate up to 200 ml/min at a constant discharge …

Study Of Si/Sio2 Interface Passivation And Sio2 Reliability On Deuterium Implanted Silicon, Tias Kundu

Dissertations

One of the major defects that contribute to the interface states in the silicon band gap is the dangling bond, which degrades performance of MOS devices. Passivation of these bonds with hydrogen had been found to diminish their effect but the improvement degrades the operation due to hot electron effect. Passivation with deuterium annealing has proven to improve the lifetime of the metal oxide semiconductor devices but this technique is not very effective for a multi-level metal-dielectric structure. This work investigates and optimizes incorporation of deuterium by ion implantation into the silicon substrate before the growth of 6.5 nm thin …

Variable Permittivity Dielectric Material Loaded Stepped-Horn Antenna, Ozgur Ozdemir

Dissertations

Stepped-horn antenna loaded with dielectric material of variable permittivity is proposed to improve radiation characteristics and/or to increase the electrical dimensions of the radiating structure compared to unloaded empty one. A hybrid numerical technique is used to analyze such an antenna. The tapered section of the horn antenna is modeled by multi-stepped waveguide structures filled with variable dielectric constant material. Generalized scattering matrix representation of the tapered section of the horn antenna is obtained using mode matching technique. The radiating aperture problem is solved by the method of moments, under the assumption that the horn is terminated by an infinite …

Opportunistic Transmission Scheduling For Next Generation Wireless Communication Systems With Multimedia Services, Chengzhou Li

Dissertations

The explosive growth of the Internet and the continued dramatic increase for all wireless services are fueling the demand for increased capacity, data rates, and support of different quality of service (QoS) requirements for different classes of services. Since in the current and future wireless communication infrastructures, the performances of the various services are strongly correlated, as the resources are shared among them, dynamic resource allocation methods should be employed. With the demand for high data rate and support of multiple QoS, the transmission scheduling plays a key role in the efficient resource allocation process in wireless systems. The fundamental …

Energy Efficient Organization And Modeling Of Wireless Sensor Networks, Jin Zhu

Dissertations

With their focus on applications requiring tight coupling with the physical world, as opposed to the personal communication focus of conventional wireless networks, wireless sensor networks pose significantly different design, implementation and deployment challenges. Wireless sensor networks can be used for environmental parameter monitoring, boundary surveillance, target detection and classification, and the facilitation of the decision making process. Multiple sensors provide better monitoring capabilities about parameters that present both spatial and temporal variances, and can deliver valuable inferences about the physical world to the end user.

In this dissertation, the problem of the energy efficient organization and modeling of dynamic …

Enhancing End-To-End Quality Of Service Provisioning In Wireless Ad Hoc Networks Using Service Vectors, Didem Gozupek

Theses

A cross-layer architecture that achieves significant power savings, while enhancing the end-to-end QoS provisioning and granularity in wireless ad hoc networks is proposed in this thesis. Recently, a new concept called service vector has been introduced, which enables an end host to choose different service classes along its data path. This scheme enhances the user benefits from the network services and network resource utilization, while maintaining the simplicity and scalability of the current Differentiated Services (DiffServ) network architecture. This thesis explores the application of this concept on wireless ad hoc networks and provides a cross-layer architecture based on the combination …

Deposition Of Tantalum Thin Films By Rf Sputtering With Substrate Bias, Savita Raina

Theses

The effects of energetic ion bombardment on the crystallographic structure of RF sputtered tantalum thin films on different substrates, particularly aluminum and silicon, have been studied. The effect of substrate biasing on ion current and film thickness has been investigated. The study included comparison between substrate ion current of DC sputtering and RF sputtering and also was aimed at finding the process parameters, which could influence the crystallographic phase of Ta film. The characterization of Ta films is carried by RBS and x-ray diffraction techniques.

A magnetron sputtering system with a matching network between the source and the RF generator …

Automated Liquid Dispensing Pin For Dna Microarray Applications, Suganya Parthasarathy

Theses

This thesis describes the research and development of a new liquid dispensing/aspiring system that is capable of producing micro sized spots/droplets for molecular biology research and analysis. In particular, the application is focused on DNA microarray fabrication with the goals of smaller spot size, higher yield, more efficient usage of biological materials, and capability to handle high viscosity liquids. The new system is based on active sensing and control and it is part of a fully integrated robotic microarray system for genomic and proteomic applications. The prototype system handles water as well as thick liquids such as 100% glycerol and …

Multicodes For Improved Range Resolution In Radar, Rhiya Vitto

Theses

Third generation (3G) wireless systems are required to support a variety of communication services like voice, image, motion picture transmission, etc, each of which requires different transmission rates. Multi-code modulation has been introduced therefore as a means of supporting multi-rate services and operating in multi-cell environments [8, 9, 10]. This multi-rate multi-function capability may be used in Radar related applications, too. For example, a single transmitted waveform consisting of two orthogonal codes can be used to simultaneously track a target and obtain high range resolution. Tracking requires low bandwidth and high resolution needs a high bandwidth signal. Orthogonal codes like …

Variable Structure Control Of Unsteady Nonlinear Aeroelastic System, With Partial State Information, Sushma Gujjula, Sahjendra N. Singh

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Research

This paper treats the question of control of a two-degree-of-freedom unsteady aeroelastic system with partial state information in the presence of uncertainties. The chosen model describes the plunge and pitch motion of a wing and a single trailing-edge control surface is utilized for the purpose of control. Based on the Lyapunov approach, a variable structure control law is derived. For the control law derivation, the system is treated as the interconnection of two subsystems in which the subsystem associated with the unsteady aerodynamics is input-to-state stable. The stability property of this subsystem is exploited to generate a dominating signal for …

Real-Space Electron Transfer In Iii-Nitride Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor-Heterojunction Structures, S. Saygi, A. Koudymov, V. Adivarahan, J. Yang, Grigory Simin, M. Asif Khan, J. Deng, R. Gaska, M. S. Shur

Faculty Publications

The real-space transfer effect in a SiO₂∕AlGaN∕GaN metal-oxide-semiconductor heterostructure (MOSH) from the two-dimensional (2D) electron gas at the heterointerface to the oxide-semiconductor interface has been demonstrated and explained. The effect occurs at high positive gate bias and manifests itself as an additional step in the capacitance-voltage (C‐V) characteristic. The real-space transfer effect limits the achievable maximum 2D electron gas density in the device channel. We show that in MOSH structures the maximum electron gas density exceeds up to two times that at the equilibrium (zero bias) condition. Correspondingly, a significant increase in the maximum channel current (up to …

Performance Evaluation Of Resource Usage For Unicast Video Streaming Over Ieee 802.11 Wlan Networks, Nicola Cranley, Mark Davis

Conference papers

Multimedia streaming applications are a demanding and challenging service to deliver over wireless networks. Such services have a large impact on the resource requirements of the WLAN. However, there are many variables involved in video streaming, such as the video content being streamed, how the video is encoded and how it is sent. This makes the role of radio resource management and the provision of QoS guarantees extremely difficult. In this paper we investigate the network resource requirements for three scenarios: a single unicast video streaming session; multiple unicast video streaming sessions and finally multiple unicast streaming sessions in the …

An Assessment Of The Audio Codec Performance In Voice Over Wlan (Vowlan) Systems, Miroslaw Narbutt, Mark Davis

Conference papers

In this paper we present results of experimental investigation into the performance of three audio codecs (ITU-T G.711, G.723.1 and G.729A) under varying load conditions on a Voice over WLAN system utilizing the IEEE 802.11b wireless LAN standard. The analysis is based upon a new technique for estimating user satisfaction of speech quality calculated from packet delay and packet loss/late measurements. We also demonstrate the importance of the de-jitter buffer playout scheme for insuring speech quality. From our results we conclude that the use of the G.711 audio codec in conjunction with the new adaptive playout scheme gives the highest …

Effects Of Piconet Saturation On A Bluetooth Streaming Audio Channel, Theodore L. Josue

Theses and Dissertations

Bluetooth is a technology for wireless personal area networks (WPAN) that eliminates the need for cables, standardizes interfaces, and can automate many standard office processes such as sending and receiving email, synchronizing schedules, or exchanging business cards. With each workstation creating its own Bluetooth network, called a piconet, different Air Force environments have the potential, in some cases, to create more than 50 overlapping piconets, which significantly increases the potential for inter-piconet interference. This research investigates the effects of inter-piconet interference on a Bluetooth channel, streaming audio, offered at 24, 40, and 64 Kbps. It shows that as the number …

Insulator Charging In Rf Mems Capacitive Switches, Jay F. Kucko

Theses and Dissertations

While capacitive radio frequency microelectromechanical (RF MEM) switches are poised to provide a low cost, high isolation, low power alternative to current RF switch technologies, there are still reliability issues limiting switch lifetime. Previous research identified insulator charging as a primary cause of switch failure. Changes in switch pull-in and release voltages were measured to provide insight into the mechanisms responsible for charging and switch failure. A spatial and temporal dependent model was developed to describe silicon nitride's time-dependent charging as a function of applied bias. This model was verified by applying constant biases to metal-silicon nitride-silicon capacitors and tracking …