Engineering Commons^™

Experimental Study On Automatic Control For Collision Avoidance Of Ships, Daeng Paroka, Muhammad Fahmi Kamil, Andi Haris Muhammad

Makara Journal of Technology

Automatic control system is widely applied to control the ship direction or heading angle in accordance with the decided trajectory. Several methods for improving performance of control system have been developed such as Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) control and fuzzy logic based control. Within the last decade, application of automatic control system is not only for ship navigation but also for avoiding collision risk of ships in seaways. This paper discusses the application of automatic control system for avoiding ship collision by free running experiment. Fuzzy logic based control was developed using Mamdani Centroid method to estimate the necessary rudder angle in …

Indonesia’S Municipal Solid Waste 3r And Waste To Energy Programs, Farizal Farizal, Radityo Aji, Amar Rachman, Nasruddin Nasruddin, Teuku Meurah Indra Mahlia

Makara Journal of Technology

Like most cities in the world, population in Indonesia continues to grow every year. Problems that can arise from this are the increasing amount of municipal solid waste (MSW) production and the growing demand for electricity. To deal with the problems, Indonesian government runs 3R (Reduce, Reuse and Recycle) and WTE (Waste to Energy) Programs simultaneously. 3R program aims to reduce the number of waste, while WTE program aims to generate electricity as an alternative energy source. This study aims to find out the optimal proportion of MSW treated through the 3R and WTE programs. For the purpose, a goal …

Study On Semiconductor Properties Of Acetylide-Thiourea Fabricated Onto Interdigitated Electrodes (Ides) Platform Towards Application In Gas Sensing Technology, Adibah Izzati Daud, Wan M. Khairul, M. I. N. Isa, Khairul Anuar Abdul Wahid

Makara Journal of Technology

In the past few decades, the unique properties of acetylide and thiourea moieties individually have attracted great attention from researchers in various fields to be developed in numerous applications in advanced materials technology, especially as an active layer in gas sensing devices. The molecular systems of acetylide and thiourea provide a wide range of electronic properties as they possess rigid π-systems in their designated structures. In this study, a derivative of acetylide-thiourea featuring N-(4[4-aminophenyl] ethynyl benzonitrile)-N’-(4-ethyl benzoyl) thiourea (TCN) has been synthesised with the general formula of ArC(O)NHC(S)NHC≡C)Ar adopted the system of D-π-A for the significant development of conductive materials. …

Experimental Study Of The Chimney Height Variation Against Double Pots Biomass Stove Performance, Faisal Faisal, Adi Setiawan, Wusnah Wusnah, Khairil Khairil, Luthfi Luthfi, Mona Fajriana

Makara Journal of Technology

This research aims to get optimal chimneys height of double pots biomass stove. Optimal chimneys height needs to provide best performance of the stove. Experimental study was done by varied the chimney heights. Water boiling test as the standard method was used to obtained stove performance for each chimney height variation. The results showed that best performance stove was the one with 1.65 cm chimney height, with thermal efficiency at 37.66%.

Assessment On Heck-Immine Derivatives As Organic Semiconductor Materials, Rafizah Rahamathullah, Lim Keemi, Wan M. Khairul

Makara Journal of Technology

This paper reports the synthetic, characterization and theoretical evaluation of new class of hybrid Heck-immine system involving mixed moieties of vinylene (C=C) and azomethines (CH=N) which has been successfully integrated into an addition of organic semiconducting materials. The assessment of 4-[(hexyloxyphenyl)methylene]amino)-4’-chloro-stilbene (HEXCS) based on Donor (D)-π-Acceptor (A) was evaluated as active semiconductor material candidates via several spectroscopic and analytical techniques. In turn, the investigation of its potential as dopant system in conductive film was successfully deposited on indium tin oxide (ITO) coated substrate via spin coating method. The relationship between electronic and optical properties, chemical modelling at molecular interactions and …

Innovation Of Hydrocarbon Investigation Using Audio-Magnetotelluric In Cepu Field, Indonesia, Iqbal Fauzi Aditama, Widodo Widodo

Makara Journal of Technology

An audio-magnetotelluric (AMT) survey has been performed at Cepu oil field located in Indonesia. The objective of this research is to detect resistivity structures of this important hydrocarbon rock. This research can be classified as an innovation in application of the AMT method for hydrocarbon exploration. The lack of seismic resolution has been provided by the AMT method, especially in the location of sub-basalt and sub-salt plays. In additional, the cost of AMT survey is quite low compared to seismic. The forward modelling is included in this research to understand the measurement data response from a mathematical model. In the …

Recursive Non-Local Means Filter For Video Denoising, Redha A. Ali, Russell C. Hardie

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

In this paper, we propose a computationally efficient algorithm for video denoising that exploits temporal and spatial redundancy. The proposed method is based on non-local means (NLM). NLM methods have been applied successfully in various image denoising applications. In the single-frame NLM method, each output pixel is formed as a weighted sum of the center pixels of neighboring patches, within a given search window.

The weights are based on the patch intensity vector distances. The process requires computing vector distances for all of the patches in the search window. Direct extension of this method from 2D to 3D, for video …

Flexible Custom Electric Skateboard, Caleb Adam Kelsay

Electrical Engineering

At Cal Poly traveling long distances only accessible by foot such as across campus or from the car park to class can be tiring and time-consuming. While not physically demanding, the trek consumes time in our tight college life schedule. To improve our time efficiency this project provides a relatively lightweight, powered solution to quickly and effectively travel long distances while maintaining full control and safety even on hills, a current limitation of traditional skateboards.

This electric skateboard includes the battery capacity to travel all around campus on a single charge with a compact and flexible skateboard design that provides …

Dc-To-Dc Buck Converter, Kyle Christopher Roman

Electrical Engineering

The growth of sustainable energy requires many components to work in harmony creating one efficient and effective system. Sustainable energy generation that produces a DC current varying in voltage requires a subsystem to convert voltage to a practical and usable value. The DC to DC Buck converter converts high DC solar generated voltage to a 12V output. This Modular -Level power electronic (MLPE) device performs as a solar charge controller for small lithium ion batteries. Fluctuating voltage levels generated by Photovoltaic cells makes the solar controller a critical part of the solar system. Regulating the DC voltage allows safe and …

Dual Method Headphone Amplifier, Joseph S. Gross, Timothy P. Murphy

Electrical Engineering

Many high impedance headphones underperform their full potential when directly connected to the audio source. Amplifiers boost the audio signal and provide the headphones with sufficient power to ensure their maximum performance. The invention of transistors caused vacuum tube implementation to decline, leaving many audiophiles unsatisfied with the transistor’s sound signature. Vacuum tubes and transistors both amplify signals, however the distinct “tube sound” has vanished.

We have designed and created a product where the user selectively switches between solid-state transistor and tube amplification to compare the sound signatures of each amplification method. The ability to switch between the solid-state and …

Asynchronous 3d (Async3d): Design Methodology And Analysis Of 3d Asynchronous Circuits, Francis Corpuz Sabado

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation focuses on the application of 3D integrated circuit (IC) technology on asynchronous logic paradigms, mainly NULL Convention Logic (NCL) and Multi-Threshold NCL (MTNCL). It presents the Async3D tool flow and library for NCL and MTNCL 3D ICs. It also analyzes NCL and MTNCL circuits in 3D IC. Several FIR filter designs were implement in NCL, MTNCL, and synchronous architecture to compare synchronous and asynchronous circuits in 2D and 3D ICs. The designs were normalized based on performance and several metrics were measured for comparison. Area, interconnect length, power consumption, and power density were compared among NCL, MTNCL, and …

Power Interface Design And System Stability Analysis For 400 V Dc-Powered Data Centers, Yuzhi Zhang

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The demands of high performance cloud computation and internet services have increased in recent decades. These demands have driven the expansion of existing data centers and the construction of new data centers. The high costs of data center downtime are pushing designers to provide high reliability power supplies. Thus, there are significant research questions and challenges to design efficient and environmentally friendly data centers with address increasing energy prices and distributed energy developments.

This dissertation work aims to study and investigate the suitable technologies of power interface and system level configuration for high efficiency and reliable data centers.

A 400 …

Energy-Aware Sparse Sensing Of Spatial-Temporally Correlated Random Fields, Zuoen Wang

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation focuses on the development of theories and practices of energy aware sparse sensing schemes of random fields that are correlated in the space and/or time domains. The objective of sparse sensing is to reduce the number of sensing samples in the space and/or time domains, thus reduce the energy consumption and complexity of the sensing system. Both centralized and decentralized sensing schemes are considered in this dissertation.

Firstly we study the problem of energy efficient Level set estimation (LSE) of random fields correlated in time and/or space under a total power constraint. We consider uniform sampling schemes of …

Energy Shaping Control For Stabilization Of Interconnected Voltage Source Converters In Weakly-Connected Ac Microgrid Systems, Nadia Lenora Carmita Smith

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

With the ubiquitous installations of renewable energy resources such as solar and wind, for decentralized power applications across the United States, microgrids are being viewed as an avenue for achieving this goal. Various independent system operators and regional transmission operators such as Southwest Power Pool (SPP), Midcontinent System Operator (MISO), PJM Interconnection and Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT) manage the transmission and generation systems that host the distributed energy resources (DERs). Voltage source converters typically interconnect the DERs to the utility system and used in High voltage dc (HVDC) systems for transmitting power throughout the United States. A microgrid …

Smart Dc/Dc Wall Plug Design For The Dc House Project, Richard Sinclair Liu

Master's Theses

The present day duplex wall receptacle in the United States provides 120Vrms AC at 60Hz, which comes from a standard set for AC loads by the National Electrical Manufacturers Association. With a DC system, such as what is used in the DC House project currently being developed at Cal Poly, providing DC power to DC loads presents a technical challenge due to the different required DC operating voltages of the loads. This thesis entails the design and construction of a Smart DC/DC Wall Plug, which can automatically adjust its output voltage to match any required DC load voltages. In the …

High Consequence Scenarios For North Korean Atmospheric Nuclear Tests With Policy Recommendations For The U.S. Government, Thomas S. Popik, Jordan T. Kearns, George H. Baker Iii, Henry F. Cooper, William R. Harris

School of Integrated Sciences - Faculty Scholarship

The government of North Korea has declared high-altitude EMP-capability to be a “strategic goal” and has also threatened an atmospheric test of a hydrogen bomb. Atmospheric nuclear tests have the potential to cripple satellites and the undersea cable networks critical to communication, and navigation necessary for trans-Pacific trade among the U.S., China, and other nations. When a nuclear warhead is detonated at high altitude, a series of electromagnetic pulses radiate downward within the line of sight of the blast. These pulses can disable equipment with miniature electronics and long conductors. Electric grid controls and transmission systems are especially vulnerable. Intense …

Design And Simulation Of An 8-Bit Successive Approximation Register Charge-Redistribution Analog-To-Digital Converter, Sumit K. Verma

Electrical Engineering Theses

The thesis initially investigates the history of the monolithic ADCs. The next chapter explores the different types of ADCs available in the market today. Next, the operation of a 4-bit SAR ADC has been studied. Based on this analysis, an 8-bit charge-redistribution SAR ADC has been designed and simulated with Multisim (National Instruments, Austin, TX). The design is divided into different blocks which are individually implemented and tested. Level-1 SPICE MOSFET models representative of 5μm devices were used wherever individual MOSFETs were used in the design. Finally, the power dissipation during the conversion period was also estimated. The supply voltage …

Design Of Post-Consumer Modification Of Standard Solar Modules To Form Large-Area Building-Integrated Photovoltaic Roof Slates, Joshua M. Pearce, Jay Meldrum, Nolan Osborne

Department of Materials Science and Engineering Publications

Building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems have improved aesthetics but generally cost far more than conventional PV systems because of small manufacturing scale. Thus, in the short and medium term, there is a need for a BIPV mounting system that utilizes conventional modules. Such a design is provided here with a novel modification of conventional photovoltaic (PV) modules to allow them to act as BIPV roofing slates. The open-source designs for the mechanical components necessary to provide the post-consumer conversion for a conventional PV module are provided, and prototypes are fabricated and installed on a mock roof system along with control modules …

Investigating Scalable Manufacturing Of High-Conductivity Wires And Coatings From Ultra-Long Carbon Nanotubes, Pouria Khanbolouki

Mechanical Engineering ETDs

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are a promising candidate for next generation of electrical wirings and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials due to their exceptional mechanical and electrical properties. Wires and coatings from ultralong nanotubes that are highly crystalline, well-aligned and densely packed can achieve this goal. High-performance CNT conductors will be relatively lightweight and resistant to harsh conditions and therefore can potentially replace current conductors in many industries including aerospace, automotive, gas and oil.

This thesis investigates a new manufacturing approach, based on conventional solution coating and wire drawing methods, to fabricate high conductivity wires and coatings from ultra-long carbon nanotubes. …

Modeling Of Thermally Aware Carbon Nanotube And Graphene Based Post Cmos Vlsi Interconnect, K M Mohsin

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

This work studies various emerging reduced dimensional materials for very large-scale integration (VLSI) interconnects. The prime motivation of this work is to find an alternative to the existing Cu-based interconnect for post-CMOS technology nodes with an emphasis on thermal stability. Starting from the material modeling, this work includes material characterization, exploration of electronic properties, vibrational properties and to analyze performance as a VLSI interconnect. Using state of the art density functional theories (DFT) one-dimensional and two-dimensional materials were designed for exploring their electronic structures, transport properties and their circuit behaviors. Primarily carbon nanotube (CNT), graphene and graphene/copper based interconnects were …

Hardware Based Testing Of Communication Based Control For Dc Microgrid, Mahmoud Saleh, Yusef Esa, Ahmed Mohamed

Publications and Research

This paper further describes our work presented in Industry Application Society 2016 Conference, with more details related to the control and operation of the microgrid. The DC microgrid facility was custom designed and implemented at CCNY with minimal off-the-shelf components to enable flexibility and reconfiguration capability. The design steps, requirements, and experimental results of the developed testbed were discussed. As a case study, a central controller for energy management algorithm was developed and tested under several operational scenarios. The experimental results verify the applicability of the developed testbed for validating DC microgrid controllers.

Measurement Of Speed Of Sound Profile Using Laaces Balloon, Zhuang Li, Brett Schaefer, Brian Schaefer, William Dever, Tyler Morgan, Matthew Foltz

2017 Academic High Altitude Conference

The goal of this mission is to test the speed of sound at different altitudes and ultimately at a maximum height of 100,000 feet (30 km). In conjunction with this testing, environmental parameters including temperature, pressure, and humidity are measured and used to calculate the speed of sound to compare to the measured results. The team constructed the payload “Dorothy” using polystyrene foam due to its lightweight and thermal isolation property. An ultrasonic sensor with a reflection mirror were installed outside payload box to measure speed of sound. All the sensors were calibrated. Software for the project was developed in …

Multiple Camera Control Using An Octaplexer In A 5.8 Ghz Video System, Uciel Garcia Olmedo, Skylar Tamke

2017 Academic High Altitude Conference

One of the greatest challenges with camera systems on High-Altitude Balloons (HAB) is to control the direction that they point. This is because the payload boxes constantly rotate during the flight. While mechanical gambles are normally used, an electronic gambled was designed using multiple cameras and a series of multiplexers. The design consists of 8 version 1 pi cameras, connected through a series of multiplexers and interfacing with an IMU to tell the direction the cameras are facing. This design attaches to the Raspberry Pi through the GPIO pins. The multiplexers turn on the camera facing the orientation desired and …

Placing A High-Altitude Balloon In The Path Of Totality, Nicholas Jordan, Christopher Helmerich

2017 Academic High Altitude Conference

The UAH Space Hardware Club had conducted 70 flights prior to the Eclipse. In this time, we have gained valuable skills and experience which we have put into practice and passed on through the years. We put these skills into practice for the Eclipse. Our first challenge was finding where to launch. We started out by looking for suitable locations inside totality. We also examined a map of totality at 80,000 ft. We then ran predictions based on past weather during that time of year. By compiling multiple past predictions, we eliminated possible launch sites. We had multiple payloads, some …

New Approach To Improve The Breakdown Strength For Thick Dielectrics: A Theoretical Study, Sijay Huang, Biswajit Ray

Von Braun Symposium Student Posters

No abstract provided.

Characterization Of A Microplasma-Based Heaterless, Insertless Cathode, Ryan Gott, Gabriel Xu

Von Braun Symposium Student Posters

No abstract provided.

Answering Food Insecurity: Serving The Community With Food And Knowledge Using Technology, Courtney Simpson

Purdue Journal of Service-Learning and International Engagement

The courses of Tech120, CGT110, and ENGT 180/181 and Red Gold at Purdue collaborated to design a robot that would plant and water a garden for a local community charter school. The students centered the project on the users’ needs for fresh food, nutrition education, and early exposure to STEM for children. The school, Anderson Preparatory Academy (APA), is comprised of many children who come from low-income families and are in the free or reduced lunch program. Inspired from “Farm Bot,” a similar system that allows for almost hands-free gardening, the “Boiler Bot” is designed to be scalable so children …

A Novel E-Voting System With Diverse Security Features, Haijun Pan

Dissertations

Internet-based E-voting systems can offer great benefits over traditional voting machines in areas, such as protecting voter and candidate privacy, providing accurate vote counting, preventing voter fraud, and shortening the time of vote counting. This dissertation introduces, establishes and improves Internet-based E-voting systems on various aspects of the voting procedure. In addition, our designs also enable voters to track their votes which is a very important element in any elections.

Our novel Internet-based E-voting system is based on the following realistic assumptions: (1) The election authorities are not 100% trustworthy; (2) The E-voting system itself is not 100% trustworthy; (3) …

Machine Learning Based Digital Image Forensics And Steganalysis, Guanshuo Xu

Dissertations

The security and trustworthiness of digital images have become crucial issues due to the simplicity of malicious processing. Therefore, the research on image steganalysis (determining if a given image has secret information hidden inside) and image forensics (determining the origin and authenticity of a given image and revealing the processing history the image has gone through) has become crucial to the digital society.

In this dissertation, the steganalysis and forensics of digital images are treated as pattern classification problems so as to make advanced machine learning (ML) methods applicable. Three topics are covered: (1) architectural design of convolutional neural networks …

Silicon-Germanium Nanowire Heterojunctions: Optical And Electrical Properties, Xiaolu Wang

Dissertations

Semiconductor nanowires are quasi-one-dimensional objects with unique physical properties and strong potential in nanophotonics, nanoelectronics, biosensing, and solar cell devices. The next challenge in the development of nanowire functional structures is the nanowire axial heterojunctions, especially lattice mismatched heterojunctions. Si and Ge have a considerable lattice mismatch of ~ 4.2% as well as a mismatch in the coefficient of thermal expansion, and the formation of a Si_1-xGe_x transition layer at the heterointerface creates a non-uniform strain and modifies the band structures of the adjacent Si and Ge nanowire segments. These nanostructures are produced by catalytic chemical …