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Electrical and Computer Engineering

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2005

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Articles 31 - 60 of 398

Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Conducted Emissions Testing For Electromagnetic Compatibility, Maximilian Moy, Dean Arakaki Oct 2005

Conducted Emissions Testing For Electromagnetic Compatibility, Maximilian Moy, Dean Arakaki

Electrical Engineering

Operating frequencies in the gigahertz range is creating an increased need for electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) testing. In the United States, FCC regulations require conformance to radiated and conducted emissions specifications. An EMC laboratory was established at Cal Poly San Luis Obispo (screen room, test instrumentation, and software) and an experiment was developed to explore conducted emissions effects. This paper will describe the test configuration, explain the calibration procedure needed to acquire accurate measurements, and illustrate measurement techniques applied to two example systems. In addition, the data collection process is illustrated through software donated by CKC Laboratories (EMC specialists). To verify …

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Terahertz Studies Of The Dielectric Response And Second-Order Phonons In A Gase Crystal, B. L. Yu, F. Zeng, V. Kartazayev, R. R. Alfano, K. C. Mandal Oct 2005

Terahertz Studies Of The Dielectric Response And Second-Order Phonons In A Gase Crystal, B. L. Yu, F. Zeng, V. Kartazayev, R. R. Alfano, K. C. Mandal

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Performance Evaluation Of Video Streaming With Background Traffic Over Ieee 802.11 Wlan Networks, Nicola Cranley, Mark Davis Oct 2005

Performance Evaluation Of Video Streaming With Background Traffic Over Ieee 802.11 Wlan Networks, Nicola Cranley, Mark Davis

Conference papers

There is an increasing demand for multimedia streaming applications over WLAN networks. MPEG-4 and H.264 are compression standards targeted at high-quality streamed multimedia services over wireless best-effort IP networks. However, the dynamic nature of wireless networks in terms of fluctuating bandwidth and time-varying delays makes it difficult to provide good quality streaming under such constraints. Multimedia streaming applications are a demanding and challenging service to deliver over wireless networks. There is a trade-off between the capacity of the wireless network and the quality of the multimedia streaming application. In this paper we investigate the effect the background traffic load has …

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Application Of Transmission Line Models To Backpanel Plated Through-Hole Via Design, Shaowei Deng, Todd H. Hubing, James L. Drewniak, Jun Fan, James L. Knighten, Norman W. Smith Oct 2005

Application Of Transmission Line Models To Backpanel Plated Through-Hole Via Design, Shaowei Deng, Todd H. Hubing, James L. Drewniak, Jun Fan, James L. Knighten, Norman W. Smith

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper introduces an approach of using a plated through-hole (PTH) via transmission-line model in the design of a thick printed circuit board, such as a backpanel. Full wave FEM modeling of a section of backpanel containing a differential via pair was compared with a transmission model. Computed values of the differential transmission loss agreed within an acceptable range for engineering studies, yet the transmission line model results required less than 2% of the computation time that the full wave model required. Effects of via spacing, via diameter and trace thickness were also examined.

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Qca-Based Majority Gate Design Under Radius Of Effect-Induced Faults, Zachary D. Patitz, Nohpill Park, Minsu Choi, Fred J. Meyer Oct 2005

Qca-Based Majority Gate Design Under Radius Of Effect-Induced Faults, Zachary D. Patitz, Nohpill Park, Minsu Choi, Fred J. Meyer

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper presents reliable QCA cell structures for designing single clock-controlled majority gates with a tolerance to radius of effect-induced faults, for use as a basic building component for carry look-ahead adder. Realizable quantum computing is still well in the future due to the complexity of the quantum mechanics that govern them. In this regard, QCA-based system design is a challenging task since each cell''s state must interact with all the cells that are in its energy-effective range in its clocking zone, referred to as its radius of effect. This paper proposes a design approach for majority gates to overcome …

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Dynamic Voltage Scaling Techniques For Power Efficient Video Decoding, Ben Lee, Eriko Nurvitadhi, Reshma Dixit, Chansu Yu, Myungchul Kim Oct 2005

Dynamic Voltage Scaling Techniques For Power Efficient Video Decoding, Ben Lee, Eriko Nurvitadhi, Reshma Dixit, Chansu Yu, Myungchul Kim

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

This paper presents a comparison of power-aware video decoding techniques that utilize dynamic voltage scaling (DVS). These techniques reduce the power consumption of a processor by exploiting high frame variability within a video stream. This is done through scaling of the voltage and frequency of the processor during the video decoding process. However, DVS causes frame deadline misses due to inaccuracies in decoding time predictions and granularity of processor settings used. Four techniques were simulated and compared in terms of power consumption, accuracy, and deadline misses. In addition, this paper proposes the frame-data computation aware (FDCA) technique, which is …

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Evaluation Of Microwave Reflection Properties Of Cyclically Soaked Mortar Based On A Semiempirical Electromagnetic Model, Shanup Peer, K. E. Kurtis, R. Zoughi Oct 2005

Evaluation Of Microwave Reflection Properties Of Cyclically Soaked Mortar Based On A Semiempirical Electromagnetic Model, Shanup Peer, K. E. Kurtis, R. Zoughi

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Detection of chloride ingress and evaluation of its distribution and temporal movement in reinforced concrete structures is an important practical issue. Steel reinforcing bars embedded in good quality concrete are normally protected from corrosion. However, the presence of a sufficient concentration of free chloride ions in the region of the reinforcing steel can initiate the process of corrosion. Therefore, it is important to be able to detect ingress of chloride ions and their distribution in cement-based materials. Moreover, it is important to obtain this information nondestructively. In recent years, near-field microwave nondestructive evaluation methods, using open-ended rectangular waveguide probes, have …

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Machine Design Considerations For The Future Energy Challenge, Jonathan W. Kimball, Marco Amrhein Oct 2005

Machine Design Considerations For The Future Energy Challenge, Jonathan W. Kimball, Marco Amrhein

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Motors consume a significant fraction of electricity in the United States and in the world. As part of the International Future Energy Challenge, student teams are endeavoring to improve the efficiency of fractional-horsepower machines. The present work summarizes the motor design and construction process for a 500 W prototype induction machine targeting efficiency above 80%. Analytical and finite-element results are shown.

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Mechanism Of Current Collapse Removal In Field-Plated Nitride Hfets, Alexei Koudymov, V. Adivarahan, Jinwei Yang, Grigory Simin, Asif Khan Oct 2005

Mechanism Of Current Collapse Removal In Field-Plated Nitride Hfets, Alexei Koudymov, V. Adivarahan, Jinwei Yang, Grigory Simin, Asif Khan

Faculty Publications

An experimental study of the mechanism of RF current collapse removal in high-power nitride-based HFETs is presented. The results show that the conductivity of the dielectric material under the field plate plays a crucial role in the current collapse removal. Identical geometry field plated HFETs differing only in the FP dielectric conductivity show varying degree of current collapse removal. Devices with semiconducting dielectric layers exhibit perfectly linear RF power - drain bias dependence with the output powers of 20 W/mm at 55 V drain bias with essentially no current collapse. A trapped charge discharging model is presented to explain the …

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Upfc Control Employing Gradient Descent Search, William M. Siever, Radha P. Kalyani, Mariesa Crow, Daniel R. Tauritz Oct 2005

Upfc Control Employing Gradient Descent Search, William M. Siever, Radha P. Kalyani, Mariesa Crow, Daniel R. Tauritz

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Increasing demand coupled with limitations on new construction indicate that existing power transmission must be better controlled in order to continue reliable operation. Recent advances in FACTS devices provide a mechanism to better control power flow on the transmission network. One particular device, the unified power flow controller (UPFC), holds the most promise for maintaining operation even when the system has suffered partial failure (either naturally occurring, due to human error, or a malicious attack). In addition to the capital cost, the primary obstacles to widespread UPFC use are the combined problems of selecting the most cost effective locations for …

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Voltage Regulator Module Noise Analysis For High-Volume Server Applications, Erdem Matoglu, N. Pham, Giuseppe Selli, Mauro Lai, Samuel R. Connor, James L. Drewniak, Bruce Archambeault, D. Wang, D. Kuhn, R. Hashemi, Daniel N. De Araujo, M. Cases, B. Wilkie, B. Herrman, P. Patel Oct 2005

Voltage Regulator Module Noise Analysis For High-Volume Server Applications, Erdem Matoglu, N. Pham, Giuseppe Selli, Mauro Lai, Samuel R. Connor, James L. Drewniak, Bruce Archambeault, D. Wang, D. Kuhn, R. Hashemi, Daniel N. De Araujo, M. Cases, B. Wilkie, B. Herrman, P. Patel

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper presents a methodology to analyze voltage regulator module (VRM) noise coupling problems in high-volume server applications. The technique is applied on a real engineering design. The comprehensive model includes irregular power shapes, decoupling capacitors, and dielectric and conductive loss. Irregular shaped power plane modeling is cross-checked with four separate methods to demonstrate accuracy.

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Complex Power Distribution Network Investigation Using Spice Based Extraction From First Principle Formulations, Giuseppe Selli, James L. Drewniak, Richard E. Dubroff, Jun Fan, James L. Knighten, Norman W. Smith, Dean Mccoy, Bruce Archambeault, Stefano Grivet-Talocia, Flavio G. Canavero Oct 2005

Complex Power Distribution Network Investigation Using Spice Based Extraction From First Principle Formulations, Giuseppe Selli, James L. Drewniak, Richard E. Dubroff, Jun Fan, James L. Knighten, Norman W. Smith, Dean Mccoy, Bruce Archambeault, Stefano Grivet-Talocia, Flavio G. Canavero

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The modeling and the analysis of the power distribution networks (PDN) within multi-layer printed circuit board is crucial for the investigation of the performance of PCB systems. Carrying out such analyses in SPICE based tools has the advantage of being faster than the corresponding full-wave modeling and it allows obtaining both frequency and time domain results.

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Control Interaction Mitigation For The Unified Power Flow Controller, Liangying Dong, Mariesa Crow Oct 2005

Control Interaction Mitigation For The Unified Power Flow Controller, Liangying Dong, Mariesa Crow

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper establishes that dynamic interactions can occur between multiple UPFCs installed in power systems. The existence of the dynamic interactions can adversely affect the overall system performance and lead to system instability. This paper identifies two types of interactions among FACTS controllers: low frequency inter-area interaction and high frequency controller interactions. Several control approaches are proposed to mitigate these interactions. The IEEE New England 10-machine 39-bus system is used to demonstrate the existence of the control interactions and illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed interaction mitigation controls.

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A Dsp-Based Active Disturbance Rejection Control Design For A 1-Kw H-Bridge Dc-Dc Power Converter, Bosheng Sun, Zhiqiang Gao Oct 2005

A Dsp-Based Active Disturbance Rejection Control Design For A 1-Kw H-Bridge Dc-Dc Power Converter, Bosheng Sun, Zhiqiang Gao

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

This paper presents the design and implementation of an advanced digital controller for a 1-kW H-bridge dc-dc power converter. A new control algorithm based on the active disturbance rejection concept is developed to cope with the highly nonlinear dynamics of the converter and the disturbances. An experimental digital control system is used to implement the new control strategy. It consists of a digital control board based on the TMS320C6711 digital signal processor chip, an analogy I/O board, and a complex programmable logic device pulsewidth-modulation generation board. Using a newly developed bandwidth-parametrization technique, an autotuning method based on noise quantification is …

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Partition-Based Interpolation For Color Filter Array Demosaicking And Super-Resolution Reconstruction, Min Shao, Kenneth E. Barner, Russell C. Hardie Oct 2005

Partition-Based Interpolation For Color Filter Array Demosaicking And Super-Resolution Reconstruction, Min Shao, Kenneth E. Barner, Russell C. Hardie

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

A class of partition-based interpolators that addresses a variety of image interpolation applications are proposed. The proposed interpolators first partition an image into a finite set of partitions that capture local image structures. Missing high resolution pixels are then obtained through linear operations on neighboring pixels that exploit the captured image structure. By exploiting the local image structure, the proposed algorithm produces excellent performance on both edge and uniform regions. The presented results demonstrate that partition-based interpolation yields results superior to traditional and advanced algorithms in the applications of color filter array (CFA) demosaicking and super-resolution reconstruction.

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Structured Object-Oriented Co-Analysis/Co-Design Of Hardware/Software For The Facts Powers System, Matt Ryan, Sojan Markose, Xiaoqing Frank Liu, Bruce M. Mcmillin Sep 2005

Structured Object-Oriented Co-Analysis/Co-Design Of Hardware/Software For The Facts Powers System, Matt Ryan, Sojan Markose, Xiaoqing Frank Liu, Bruce M. Mcmillin

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

There are several approaches to the hardware/software design in embedded systems, ranging from the traditional sequential methods which focus on the determination of the hardware architecture prior to software design, to newer object-oriented approaches that attempt to apply software engineering methods to hardware design without a systematic process. This paper discusses a structured object-oriented methodology for the integrated co-analysis and co-design of hardware/software systems using an extended high order object-oriented modeling technique (HOOMT). This methodology offers a uniform method for hardware and software developers to jointly develop the specifications for and partitioning of the hardware and software components of a …

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Instrumentation And Evaluation Of District 10 Caltrans Automated Warning System (Caws): Executive Summary, Andrew Lee, Art Maccarley Sep 2005

Instrumentation And Evaluation Of District 10 Caltrans Automated Warning System (Caws): Executive Summary, Andrew Lee, Art Maccarley

Electrical Engineering

No abstract provided.

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Instrumentation And Evaluation Of District 10 Caltrans Automated Warning System (Caws): Evaluation Of Traffic Safety Influence Based On Historical Collision Data, Andrew Lee, Art Maccarley Sep 2005

Instrumentation And Evaluation Of District 10 Caltrans Automated Warning System (Caws): Evaluation Of Traffic Safety Influence Based On Historical Collision Data, Andrew Lee, Art Maccarley

Electrical Engineering

No abstract provided.

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Instrumentation And Evaluation Of District 10 Caltrans Automated Warning System (Caws): Final Project Report, Andrew Lee, Art Maccarley Sep 2005

Instrumentation And Evaluation Of District 10 Caltrans Automated Warning System (Caws): Final Project Report, Andrew Lee, Art Maccarley

Electrical Engineering

No abstract provided.

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Instrumentation And Evaluation Of District 10 Caltrans Automated Warning System (Caws): Analysis Of Driver Response To Caws Warning Messages, Andrew Lee, Art Maccarley Sep 2005

Instrumentation And Evaluation Of District 10 Caltrans Automated Warning System (Caws): Analysis Of Driver Response To Caws Warning Messages, Andrew Lee, Art Maccarley

Electrical Engineering

No abstract provided.

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Instrumentation And Evaluation Of District 10 Caltrans Automated Warning System (Caws): Technical Deliverables, Andrew Lee, Art Maccarley Sep 2005

Instrumentation And Evaluation Of District 10 Caltrans Automated Warning System (Caws): Technical Deliverables, Andrew Lee, Art Maccarley

Electrical Engineering

No abstract provided.

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Instrumentation And Evaluation Of District 10 Caltrans Automated Warning System (Caws): Technical And Operational Assessment, Andrew Lee, Art Maccarley Sep 2005

Instrumentation And Evaluation Of District 10 Caltrans Automated Warning System (Caws): Technical And Operational Assessment, Andrew Lee, Art Maccarley

Electrical Engineering

No abstract provided.

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Applicationofspectroscopic Ellipsometry To In-Stu. Real-Time Fabrication Of Multiple Layer Alternating High/Low Refractive Index Filters, Blaine D. Johs, Jeffery S. Hale, John A. Woollam, Craig M. Herzinger Sep 2005

Applicationofspectroscopic Ellipsometry To In-Stu. Real-Time Fabrication Of Multiple Layer Alternating High/Low Refractive Index Filters, Blaine D. Johs, Jeffery S. Hale, John A. Woollam, Craig M. Herzinger

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

Disclosed is application of oblique angle of incidence, reflection and/or transmission mode spectroscopic ellipsometry PSI and/or DELTA, (including combinations thereof and/or mathematical equivalents), vs. wavelength data to monitor and/or control fabrication of multiple layer high/low refractive index band-pass, band-reject and varied attenuation vs. wavelength filters, either alone or in combination with transmissive non-ellipsometric electromagnetic beam turning point vs. layer data obtained at an essentially normal angle of incidence.

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The Human Eye Position Control System In A Rehabilitation Setting, Yvonne Nolan, Ted Burke, C. Boylan, Annraoi De Paor Sep 2005

The Human Eye Position Control System In A Rehabilitation Setting, Yvonne Nolan, Ted Burke, C. Boylan, Annraoi De Paor

Articles

Our work at Ireland’s National Rehabilitation Hospital involves designing communication systems for people suffering from profound physical disabilities. One such system uses the electro-oculogram, which is an (x,y) system of voltages picked up by pairs of electrodes placed, respectively, above and below and on either side of the eyes. The eyeball has a dc polarisation between cornea and back, arising from the photoreceptor rods and cones in the retina. As the eye rotates, the varying voltages projected onto the electrodes drive a cursor over a mimic keyboard on a computer screen. Symbols are selected with a switching action derived, for …

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Atpg For Reversible Circuits Using Technology-Related Fault Models, Jeff S. Allen, Jacob D. Biamonte, Marek Perkowski Sep 2005

Atpg For Reversible Circuits Using Technology-Related Fault Models, Jeff S. Allen, Jacob D. Biamonte, Marek Perkowski

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

We address the problem of test set generation and test set reduction, to first detect, and later localize faults occurring in reversible circuits. Reversible Computation has high promise of low power consumption. Some new fault models are first presented here. An explanation of the new fault models is made based on a physical realization representing the state of the art in the reversible CMOS circuit technology. Evidence is then presented showing that the fault models presented in the current literature are not adequate for existing realizations of reversible logic such as CMOS. We designed a ATPG software package with a …

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Embedded Slanted Grating Coupler For Vertical Coupling Between Fibers And Silicon-On-Insulator Planar Waveguides, Gregory P. Nordin, J. Jiang, B. Wang Sep 2005

Embedded Slanted Grating Coupler For Vertical Coupling Between Fibers And Silicon-On-Insulator Planar Waveguides, Gregory P. Nordin, J. Jiang, B. Wang

Faculty Publications

We propose a compact and efficient grating coupler for vertical coupling between optical fibers and planar waveguides. A grating with a parallelogram shape is designed to be etched through the entire high-index waveguide core. The coupler is optimized using a microgenetic algorithm coupled with a two-dimensional finite-difference time-domain method. Simulations show that up to 75.8% coupling efficiency can be obtained between a single-mode fiber and a 240-nm-thick silicon-on-insulator planar waveguide.

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Static And Dynamic Obstacle Avoidance For Miniature Air Vehicles, Jeffery Brian Saunders, Brandon Call, Andrew Curtis, Randal W. Beard, Timothy W. Mclain Sep 2005

Static And Dynamic Obstacle Avoidance For Miniature Air Vehicles, Jeffery Brian Saunders, Brandon Call, Andrew Curtis, Randal W. Beard, Timothy W. Mclain

Faculty Publications

Small unmanned air vehicles are limited in sensor weight and power such that detection and avoidance of unknown obstacles during flight is difficult. This paper presents a low power low weight method of detection using a laser range finder. In addition, a rapidly-exploring random tree algorithm to generate waypoint paths around obstacles known a priori is presented, and a dynamic geometric algorithm to generate paths around detected obstacles is derived. The algorithms are demonstrated in simulation and in flight tests on a fixed-wing miniature air vehicle (MAV).

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Impact Of Receive Amplifier Signal Coupling On Mimo System Performance, Michael A. Jensen, Matthew L. Morris Sep 2005

Impact Of Receive Amplifier Signal Coupling On Mimo System Performance, Michael A. Jensen, Matthew L. Morris

Faculty Publications

This paper uses a detailed model of multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems to explore the impact of signal coupling in the receiver front end on communication capacity. The model is applied to assess the performance of a MIMO system with two transmit and receive antennas in a simulated multipath environment for different amplifier coupling levels. The results show that in practical scenarios where simple impedance matching techniques are used, the circuit coupling can reduce the signal-to-noise ratio at the receiver and therefore degrade the achievable MIMO capacity.

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Superdirectivity In Mimo Systems, Michael A. Jensen, Matthew L. Morris, Jon W. Wallace Sep 2005

Superdirectivity In Mimo Systems, Michael A. Jensen, Matthew L. Morris, Jon W. Wallace

Faculty Publications

Multiantenna systems such as devices for multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) communication can theoretically use array superdirectivity to optimally exploit the propagation channel. In traditional analyses of MIMO systems, such superdirectivity is not observed due to the commonly applied constraint that limits the excitation current magnitudes. However, when an electromagnetically appropriate constraint on the power radiated by the array is applied, the computed capacity can include effects of transmit superdirectivity. A similar result occurs at the receiver for spatially colored noise. This paper formulates the MIMO system capacity under these circumstances and provides a framework for computing this capacity when the level of …

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Review Of Digital Control Techniques For Automotive Dc-Dc Converters, Dwaraka S. Padimiti, Mehdi Ferdowsi Sep 2005

Review Of Digital Control Techniques For Automotive Dc-Dc Converters, Dwaraka S. Padimiti, Mehdi Ferdowsi

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Electric and hybrid electric vehicles need a power plant that includes dc-dc converters. While using these converters, their control plays an important role in the overall performance of the vehicle. Due to their several drawbacks including poor communications, analog control schemes are not suitable for the automotive industry, whereas digital control methods successfully meet the demands. Various types of digital control techniques for dc-dc converters are studied and classified in this paper. The drawbacks and advantages of each method are described.

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