Engineering Commons^™

Change Management In Construction: Necessity, Obstacles,And Suggested Solutions, Ihab M. H. Saad

The Professional Constructor

The construction industry is one of the major harbingers of the economy of any industrialized nation. Its contribution to the Gross Domestic Product is undeniable. The major economic downturn that lasted from 2008 to 2011 resulted in a lot of change in the industry personnel at both the administration and labor force levels. This resulted in expediting the retirement of a generation of seasoned professionals, and creating a gap in the ranks of construction firms that is still to be completely filled. Similar impacts followed the uncertainty resulting recently from Covid-19 and the economic instability and uncertainty it caused. One …

Pert, Cpm And The Tangled History Of Network Scheduling, Charles Christopher Smith, Vivek Sharma, Gregory B. Baecher

The Professional Constructor

The origins of two network scheduling techniques: The Program Evaluation Review Technique (PERT); and the Critical Path Method (CPM) are examined. Prior accounts hold that each are different and were created separately. PERT, developed within the U. S. Navy’s highly classified POLARIS nuclear missile program which began in 1955. CPM, the creation of American industrial concerns E. I. du Pont de Nemours (du Pont) and Remington Rand UNIVAC. With the objective of settling “an acrimonious dispute over parentage,” this research examines the literature and the original forms of PERT and CPM noting their ‘dead ring’ resemblances, synchronous development timelines, while …

Tech Policy And Legal Theory Syllabus, Yafit Lev-Aretz, Nizan Packin

Open Educational Resources

Technology has changed dramatically over the last couple of decades. Currently, virtually all business industries are powered by large quantities of data. The potential as well as actual uses of business data, which oftentimes includes personal user data, raise complex issues of informed consent and data protection. This course will explore many of these complex issues, with the goal of guiding students into thinking about tech policy from a broad ethical perspective as well as preparing students to responsibly conduct themselves in different areas and industries in a world growingly dominated by technology.

Ronald E. Mcnair Scholars Program Profiles And Abstracts 2020, Mcnair Scholars Program

McNair Symposium

This is the complete event program and provides presentation abstracts and biographies of McNair scholars and their mentors.

Designerly Living Labs: Early-Stage Exploration Of Future Sustainable Concepts, Martin Sjöman, Mia Hesselgren

DRS Biennial Conference Series

It is increasingly clear that the sustainable transitions needed to counter climate change depend on lifestyle changes. However, the task of encouraging a shift to more sustainable lifestyles is highly complex. This paper describes an emerging design research method to explore possible pathways towards such sustainable transitions. We describe a living labs-approach based on design practice, developed within [Author affiliation], a design and sustainability research group at [Author affiliation]. We refer to this method as Designerly Living Labs. Based on empirical learnings from four such Living Labs we present eight key characteristics. We then highlight some important aspects that affect …

Incorporating Behavioral Theory In Design Ideation For Changing Sustainability Behaviors, Aysha Alwazzan, G. Mauricio Mejía, Yumeng Xie, Daniel Fischer

DRS Biennial Conference Series

As design research develops, theory is increasingly available for designers. However, there is a limited understanding of how practitioners incorporate theory in activities such as ideation. This exploratory study aims to understand how novice designers respond to and incorporate theory in the ideation phase of the design process. A theory from behavioral economics – nudging – was introduced to the participants while ideating in problems of changing sustainability behaviors. Data collected included focused observations and interviews. Participants appeared to understand some behavioral theoretical concepts, which can be explained in the current pervasive use of human-centered approaches. While there were some …

Internships Shape Students' Future Career, Maria F. Arrayan

Marriott Student Review

Finding an internship has been more difficult than before due to COVID-19. For many, the search for an internship may be frustrating or pointless during this difficult time. Students need to empower themselves with the right tools to find an internship. Maria Fernanda Arrayan talks about the benefits of an internship and four ways to find one. Read this article to find motivation in your search for an internship and try a new way to find your next internship!

ضبط التأثير الإشعاعى لمواد البناء المستخدمة فى مصر, Yasser Al Sayed

Architecture and Planning Journal (APJ)

إن عالمنا الذى نعيش فيه عالم نشط إشعاعياً منذ الأزل، حيث توجد الإشعاعات فى كل جزء من حياتنا، وقد تحدث بطريقة طبيعية فى الصخور والأتربة المكونة لكوكبنا وفى البحار والمحيطات ويمكن أن تصل إلينا من الإشعاعات القادمة من الفضاء المحيط بنا، وكذلك يمكن أن تتواجد فى الماء الذى نشربه أو مواد البناء المكونة لبيوتنا، وليس هناك من مكان على سطح الأرض يخلو تماماً من النشاط الإشعاعى الطبيعى، وأيضاً قد تحدث الإشعاعات أنتجها الإنسان مثل الأشعة السينية X-Rays، ومحطات توليد الكهرباء بالطاقة الذرية، وفى كاشفات الدخان والحرارة. وكما أن النظائر المُشعة متواجدة منذ الأزل فى البيئة (الهواء والماء والتراب)، فهى مُتواجدة …

البناء بحجر البازلت في البادية الشمالية الأردنيةدراسة معمارية وتراثية لمدينة أم الجمال التاريخية, Mowafak Ibrahim Hadad

Architecture and Planning Journal (APJ)

لقد ارتبط الإنسان ببيئته الطبيعية والمعمارية، حيث وعبر الفترات التاريخية المتعاقبة لجأ خلالها إلى تسخير واستغلال مواد البناء التي توفرها البيئة من اجل إنشاء وبناء التكوينات المعمارية والمباني سواء من حيث المواد والتصميم المعماري الملائم لوظيفة تلك المنشات من حيث توزيع وتوجيه الفتحات والمداخل والمرافق بحيث تتلاءم مع المتطلبات البيئية والمعمارية لتلك المنشات. هذه الدراسة تبحث في الكيفية والطريقة التي تم بها توظيف مادة البناء(حجر البازلت ) في مباني مدينة أم الجمال الأثرية وعلى مر العصور. لقد نشأت مدينة أم الجمال الأثرية وتطورت عبر الحقب التاريخية المختلفة من العصر النبطي، الروماني، البيزنطي ومن ثم العصور الإسلامية وحتى العصر العثماني المتأخر، …

" العمارة الإقليمية المعاصرة " كمدخل للتوفيق بين الهوية المحلية للعالم العربي وعولمة الأطر الحاكمة لعمارة المستقبلArchitectural Regionalism As An Approach To Reconciling The Local Identity Of The Arab World And The Globalization Of The Future Architecture Paradigms, Ahmad Fathy Ahmad Ibrahim

Architecture and Planning Journal (APJ)

مع نهاية القرن العشرين وأوائل القرن الواحد والعشرين حدث تحول في المفاهيم الحاكمة للعمارة على مستوى العالم. فنتيجة للتدهور الذي طرأ على البيئة العالمية والوعي بالمسئولية الدولية عن ذلك،اتجهت المفاهيم المعمارية إلى الطبيعة كمصدر جبري على الاحترام على المستوى المحيطي والمحلي والعولمي. وقد صاحب هذا الفكر تطور إلكتروني حول العالم إلى غرفة واحدة ووسع إمكانات الاتصالات الكونية السمعية والبصرية.وقد نتج عن ذلك دورة معمارية بيئية جديدة. وتفترض الورقة البحثية أن تغلب الفكر البيئي والاهتمام الكبير بقضايا عالمية مثل التغير المناخي والحفاظ على الطاقة والاعتماد على الطاقات المتجددة ، واستعارة بعض الأشكال البيئية التي ليس لها مدلول محلى ، بالإضافة إلى …

الحفاظ على المناطق والمبانى التراثية بمدينة بورسعيد فى إطار مشروع إعداد المخطط الإستراتيجى العام للمدن المصرية, Mahmoud Fouad Mahmoud Al Bawab

Architecture and Planning Journal (APJ)

إرتبطت البيئة العمرانية لإنشاء المدن الواقعة على قناة السويس (بورسعيد – الإسماعيلية - السويس) منذ إفتتاح قناة السويس عام 1869م فى عهد الخديوى إسماعيل بسمات متمايزة جاءت نتيجة موقعها الفريد وتأثرها بالطابع العمرانى والمعمارى الغربى، ومع هذا التراكم الزمنى والتاريخى الذى مر على مدن قناة السويس الثلاث وفى ظل الزيادة السكانية والكثافات العالية والإمتدادات العمرانية، زاد الطلب على الإسكان والأراضى فى تلك المدن وتزايد معدلات هدم الفيلات والمبانى ذات الطابع العمرانى والمعمارى التاريخى القديمة وتدهور النسيج العمرانى المتميز فى مدن قناة السويس ، وإضمحل عدد العقارات بمدينة بورسعيد ذات الطابع الفريد من 1500 إلى 505 أثر تم تسجيلها بمعرفة الجهاز …

دور الساحات والميادين في النهضة الثقافية للبنانSquares’And Plazes’ Role In The Cultural Renaissance Of Lebanon, Bassam Ali Hassan, Osama Omar

Architecture and Planning Journal (APJ)

CITY summarizes the urban life’s history, for it is the truest reflection of people’s culture and ntions’ development. Squares have been affected by the grassroots, political and cultural mov- ments that the countries have witnessed; this fact emphasizes the realization of the various aspects relevant to the importance of the relation between the human as-pect and the activities carried out by the people in those urban spaces and the spatial aspect of the urban fabric and that that deterioration of the urban spaces, including the squares, came as a result of a host of reasons that in their es-sence give …

دور المسطحات الخضراء والفراغات العمرانية المفتوحة في تنمية وتطوير المناطق السكنية ذات القيمة(دراسة حالة للمنطقة المحيطة بمسجد السيدة زينب بوسط القاهرة), Khaled Abd Al Aziz Othman, Baher Farahat

Architecture and Planning Journal (APJ)

تعتبر المسطحات الخضراء والفراغات العمرانية المفتوحة من العناصر الحيوية في مستويات التخطيط العمراني لما لها من قيمة جمالية وإقتصادية، فهي المتنفس العمراني الحضري، كما يمثل الغطاء النباتي عنصرا هاما من عناصر الحياة الفطرية وتحقيق التوازن البيئي، وتعانى مدينة القاهرة قصورا شديدا في نسبة المسطحات الخضراء داخل تكوين الأحياء السكنية، وقلة المساحات الفضاء التي يمكن أن تتحول لهذا الاستخدام، فضلا عن أن المسطحات الضئيلة الموجودة منها لم تحدث الأثر المرغوب فيه سواء بيئيا أو إجتماعيا مما يظهر بشكل واضح بالمناطق السكنية القديمة ذات القيمة والتي تتصف بكثافة سكانية عالية وندرة في المسطحات الخضراء والفراغات العمرانية المفتوحة لممارسة الأنشطة الترفيهية والإجتماعية المختلفة، …

سياسات التنمية العمرانية المستدامة لإستغلال نطاقات المجارى المائية بالمدن المصرية, Mahmoud Fouad Mahmoud Al Bawab

Architecture and Planning Journal (APJ)

تعتبر المجارى المائية عنصر هام وفاعل رئيسى فى نشأة المستقرات البشرية، وقد إزدهرت الحضارات العظيمة والمدن القديمة والموانئ على حدود المسطحات المائية خاصة الأنهار، وتشكل الأنهار والبحيرات مسطحات مائية داخل نسيج المدن مشهد ومنظر طبيعى، ونقاط جذب لجمهور المنتفعين والسكان بماتقدمه من مناظر خلابة ونشاطات ترفيهية وإجتماعية وترويحية ورياضية. وتشكل المدن الساحلية الواقعة على سواحل البحار والبحيرات ووادى النيل وفرعى الدلتا، حوالى 144 مدينة تمثل حوالى 65.7% من إجمالى عدد المدن المصرية (220 مدينة) عام 2009. ويسكن المنطقة الساحلية فى مصر حوالى نصف السكان حيث توفر المنطقة الساحلية مصدرا للغذاء وفرص العمل والدخل. يهدف البحث إلى إقتراح منظومة سياسات التنمية …

الإدراك البصري للتشكيل المعماري في المضمون الثقافيوسط مدينة السلط التراثي – شارع الخضر-Visual Perception Of Architectural Form In A Cultural Contentcase Of Old Salt City -Alkhader Street-, Ali Abou Ghnemah, Diala Atteyyat

Architecture and Planning Journal (APJ)

The research presents a visual analysis of the architectural formation through the concept of harmony and proportion which will judge the relationship between the different elements and identify its architectural character; the research focus on the architectural vocabulary to deal with composition and proportion of the historic city of Salt buildings which contain many of architectural characteristics such as: (unit. Balance, harmony, appropriate scale) all of which are important tools for definition of good architecture, architectural style of Old Salt city will be displayed through studying its design trends and forms of its buildings elevations , the research investigates the …

أثر الحوافز وتطوير أساليب التعليم على الأداء التصميمي لطلبة الهندسة المعمارية في الأردن, Sakr Moustafa Al Sokour, Moemenat Moustafa

Architecture and Planning Journal (APJ)

تجمع الدراسات السلوكية على ان الحوافز تشكل اساس الانتاج، ذلك لانها تشكل الدافع الاكبر لايجاد و تعزيز الدوافع للعمل و الانتاج. و من هنا حظيت هذه الدراسات السلوكية باهتمام كبير لدى العلماء و الدارسين. و حيث ان دراسة الحوافز غالبا ما تركز على الانتاج المباشر، فانها قليلا ما تتطرق الى الحوافز التي يجب ان تقدمها الجامعات و المعاهد العلمية لطلبتها لتحسين الاداء التعليمي و بالتالي الخروج بخريج نوعي متميز. لهذه الاسباب فان هذا البحث ركز على هذا الجانب. يتكون هذا البحث من جانبين احدهما نظري، و فيه تم تعريف المصطلحات و دراسة نظربات التحفيز و الدافعية المختلفة. كما تم الاشارة …

معاييـر التفضيل الجمالى للنتاج المعمارى المعاصرThe Aesthetic Preferences Criteria For Contemporary Architectural Products, Ihab Naser Eldine Ahmed Mohamed

Architecture and Planning Journal (APJ)

This Research paper seeks to present a different theoretical thesis to distinguish the different criteria and the constitutional foundations of the aesthetical message of the architect to the recipient which addresses his mind and sentiment. This research also considers the practice of the various aspects of the architectural design process, architectural evaluation, criticism and the architectural projects arbitration in order to know the assisting factors that urges the recipient to accept or reject architectural products. In addition, it recognizes the various indicators, within the recipient’s scope, for his preference of the architectural work and communicate with the recipient to obtain …

Integrating Computational Analysis Techniques In Egyptian Academic Architecture Curricula, Ingy El-Darwish

Architecture and Planning Journal (APJ)

Educational environments must support real life needs, and serve industry demands on both local and worldwide levels. Computer technology can enhance architecture in so many ways. Data Collection, conceptual design, computer aided design, digital model, physical model, virtual reality, simulation, and remote collaboration are different fields that support architecture technically, not to mention the advantages in construction industry. That is why it must be integrated in architecture education, but with care so as not burden creativity. It was found that 75% of the computer modules in architecture departments in Egyptian universities and institutes do not fully integrate with other modules. …

A Proposed Modified Adobe Brick To Enhance Vernacular Construction Techniques For Ecotourism In Egypt:Case Study Of Jabal Elgezerah Elhamra, Marsa Alam, Walid Fouad Omar Moustafa

Architecture and Planning Journal (APJ)

Egypt, has high potential attractions for ecolodges. There are a wealth of natural beauty and natural materials, which have already been used in ancient and traditional vernacular architecture, where there was a coexistence and compatibility with the surrounding natural environment, and is achieved by the concept of thermal comfort inside the housing unit and the effective use of energy, thus achieving sustainable development. This paper aims concerned with introducing new adobe mixture that, could enhance the durability and compression characteristics of the building block. This mixture could be used in areas where eco-friendly building techniques are desired in order to …

The Image Of The Historical City In The Course Of Its Development- Tyre Case Study, Hoda Zeayter, Ashraf Mansour Habib Mansour

Architecture and Planning Journal (APJ)

Built heritage constitutes the physical components of the city's identity and image; adding historical, symbolic or cultural values to old buildings justifies the need to protect them, and to find a way to integrate them with the expected development of the city. On the other hand, the modernity of the city reflects the contemporary character of the society by adopting the current architectural trends and the newest technologies in construction. This paper investigates the historical cities image throughout its continuous development, where the built heritage needs to be integrated within the new urban context established by the rational development of …

The Role Of Simulation In Urban Design Decisions: Microclimate And Human Comfort Considerations In Planning, Ingy El-Darwish, Amany Ragheb, Ahmed Sherif

Architecture and Planning Journal (APJ)

This paper reviews the usage of simulation tools that can evaluate outdoor thermal comfort and to predict outdoor environmental conditions with specific focus on decision making. The literature also highlights on the use of simulation as a tool in the field of urban design and the microclimatic enhancement approaches. Finally, the paper discusses the moderation of the built environment’s components on the climate with the aim for optimizing the thermal comfort level in outdoor urban space (Setaih K. et al., 2013). The aim of the paper is to highlight on the importance of simulation methods that can influence urban space …

A Criterion For Measuring Urban Intelligence, Yasser Fouda, Maged Zagow

Architecture and Planning Journal (APJ)

The emergence of complicated problems encountering the urban environment, like absence of sustainability, has led to the initiation of the notion called "Intelligent Urban Conglomerations". It aimed to maintain a minimal level of balance between features of the urban environment, through clinging to more prudent actions towards urban policies, like increasing awareness of healthy environment, energy, mobility organization, and other issues. A great and persisting need has emerged for a practical scientific evaluation means for urban plans in all of their technical phases. The research aims to advance a practical methodology for monitoring and evaluating urban projects, throughout designing, implementation, …

Al-Dira’ Traditional Quarter As A Guide To Responsive Development, Maged Attia

Architecture and Planning Journal (APJ)

Between traditional and contemporary there are two contradictory visions. The first adopts originality and returning to the traditional, while the second advocates modernity and liberation from the old. The present paper discusses how to benefit from the present facilities without losing features of the past when developing new neighbourhoods. Al-Dira’, a traditional quarter in Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia, is elected as a case study within which the housing unit and the urban pattern are analysed. Visual documentation, surveying, mapping, and interviews constitute essential tools to get an insight on the traditional planning and design process. On the other side, Al-Rabwa, a …

The Impact Of Visual Environment On Illuminance Levels Preferencescross-Culture Case Study On Omani And Portuguese Forts In Oman, Hesham Eissa

Architecture and Planning Journal (APJ)

The objective of this research is to investigate the cross-cultural differences with regard to the illuminance levels preferences. Illuminance level preferences are directly related to and based on visual environment impact that differs according to different geographical locations. Therefore, the cross-cultural difference is a common term that relates directly to the different visual environment of each region. Toward this aim a field study carried out a comparison of daylight illuminance levels of internal spaces, in a definite region (Muscat, Oman), built and used by two groups of people from different climatic and cultural backgrounds. Forts and citadels built and inhabited …

A Gis-Based Approach For Auditing Sustainable Development Of New Industrial Communities: The Case Of “New Borg Elarab” City, Egypt, Yasser Fouda, Deena Elkhazendar

Architecture and Planning Journal (APJ)

As till the present time most of the industrial cities in Egypt have not achieved the necessary objectives aimed for them, they need different strategic auditing plans to ensure that the city urban area is developed in a sustainable manner.

Zero Energy University Buildingsenergy Performance Evaluation Of Faculty Of Architectural Engineering In Tripoli's Branch, Osama Omar, Yathreb Sabsaby, Rehab Amro

Architecture and Planning Journal (APJ)

One of the fastest growing trends in educational building design is Net Zero Energy buildings(ZEB). There are several buildings, either completed or under construction, that are committed to achieve this incredible level of energy efficiency [4]. The Fcaulty of Architecture building in BAU University is chosen as a case study to evaluate the energy performance in similar buildings in comparison with zero energy design strategies. The study used the findings from the analysis to identify and correct problem within the building. The aim of the research is to change the faculty building from an energy consumer to an energy producer, …

Improving The Design Quality Of Housing Buildings, Ehab Nasr Elden Ahmed

Architecture and Planning Journal (APJ)

Design quality is essential to improve the standards of living and is progressively being accepted as critical to successful new housing developments. A better design quality provides attractive and sensitively planned homes that form communities, and assists in creating a healthier and advanced fellowship. As new housing growth in Egypt has missed reaching the universal rules and guidelines of design quality, this research reviews several experiences of foreign offices and governmental programs that deal with amending the design character of housing buildings. Using these Guidelines enables commissioning high performance housing facilities that improve the general standards of a better design …

Resilience In Nonmetropolitan Nebraska: Capacity To Overcome Disasters And Hardships, 2020 Nebraska Rural Poll Results, Rebecca Vogt, Cheryl Burkhart-Kriesel, Brad Lubben, L.J. Mcelravy, Timothy Meyer, Steve Schulz, Jason L. Weigle

Rural Futures Institute: Publications

The definition of resilience is the capacity to recover quickly from difficulties. Synonyms include toughness, perseverance and grit. Last spring’s severe weather events and this year’s ongoing COVID-19 pandemic are likely testing the resilience of rural Nebraskans. Given that, how do rural Nebraskans rate their communities on dimensions that measure their resiliency? How confident are they that the federal government or local emergency management authorities can contain infectious disease outbreaks? How do they rate their ability to help their community handle adversities? How prepared are rural Nebraskans to deal with financial emergencies? This paper provides a detailed analysis of these …

Possible Self Dynamics Of Community College Students Engaged In 3d Printing In Informal Environments, Lawrence Ralph Nightingale Jr.

Educational Leadership & Workforce Development Theses & Dissertations

The overall number of students from diverse backgrounds and women that graduate from community college with degrees in high paying Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) disciplines is unacceptably low. The number of opportunities to gain exposure to STEM-based expressions of technology to overcome the dearth of exposure in high school is limited in community college. 3D Printing uses computer-controlled machines to build physical objects one layer at a time starting from the bottom up. The computer-controlled nature of 3D Printing provides a low risk, low cost platform to exercise elements of computer programming and engineering.

This study was a …

Toward Developing A Valid And Reliable Assessment Of Learners’ Nature Of Engineering Views, Erdogan Kaya

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Nature of Engineering (NOE) refers to the epistemological beliefs pertaining to engineering (Antink-Meyer & Brown, 2019; Deniz et al., 2019; Hartman & Bell, 2018; Kaya et al., 2017; Pleasants & Olson, 2019). Given that a person’s engineering values and beliefs can affect how that individual perceives not only certain tasks, but also his/her ability to accomplish them, it is important to support pre-college teachers and students in improving their NOE understanding. This continues to be one of the main goals of pre-college Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) education, and has become particularly relevant since the release of the Next …