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Articles 31 - 60 of 178
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Automatic 3d Human Modeling: An Initial Stage Towards 2-Way Inside Interaction In Mixed Reality, Yiyan Xiong
Automatic 3d Human Modeling: An Initial Stage Towards 2-Way Inside Interaction In Mixed Reality, Yiyan Xiong
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
3D human models play an important role in computer graphics applications from a wide range of domains, including education, entertainment, medical care simulation and military training. In many situations, we want the 3D model to have a visual appearance that matches that of a specific living person and to be able to be controlled by that person in a natural manner. Among other uses, this approach supports the notion of human surrogacy, where the virtual counterpart provides a remote presence for the human who controls the virtual character's behavior. In this dissertation, a human modeling pipeline is proposed for the …
Functional Scaffolding For Musical Composition: A New Approach In Computer-Assisted Music Composition, Amy K. Hoover
Functional Scaffolding For Musical Composition: A New Approach In Computer-Assisted Music Composition, Amy K. Hoover
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
While it is important for systems intended to enhance musical creativity to define and explore musical ideas conceived by individual users, many limit musical freedom by focusing on maintaining musical structure, thereby impeding the user's freedom to explore his or her individual style. This dissertation presents a comprehensive body of work that introduces a new musical representation that allows users to explore a space of musical rules that are created from their own melodies. This representation, called functional scaffolding for musical composition (FSMC), exploits a simple yet powerful property of multipart compositions: The pattern of notes and rhythms in different …
Intelligent Selection Techniques For Virtual Environments, Jeffrey Cashion
Intelligent Selection Techniques For Virtual Environments, Jeffrey Cashion
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Selection in 3D games and simulations is a well-studied problem. Many techniques have been created to address many of the typical scenarios a user could experience. For any single scenario with consistent conditions, there is likely a technique which is well suited. If there isn't, then there is an opportunity for one to be created to best suit the expected conditions of that new scenario. It is critical that the user be given an appropriate technique to interact with their environment. Without it, the entire experience is at risk of becoming burdensome and not enjoyable. With all of the different …
Improved Internet Security Protocols Using Cryptographic One-Way Hash Chains, Amerah Alabrah
Improved Internet Security Protocols Using Cryptographic One-Way Hash Chains, Amerah Alabrah
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In this dissertation, new approaches that utilize the one-way cryptographic hash functions in designing improved network security protocols are investigated. The proposed approaches are designed to be scalable and easy to implement in modern technology. The first contribution explores session cookies with emphasis on the threat of session hijacking attacks resulting from session cookie theft or sniffing. In the proposed scheme, these cookies are replaced by easily computed authentication credentials using Lamport's well-known one-time passwords. The basic idea in this scheme revolves around utilizing sparse caching units, where authentication credentials pertaining to cookies are stored and fetched once needed, thereby, …
Sketchart: A Pen-Based Tool For Chart Generation And Interaction., Andres Vargas Gonzalez
Sketchart: A Pen-Based Tool For Chart Generation And Interaction., Andres Vargas Gonzalez
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
It has been shown that representing data with the right visualization increases the understanding of qualitative and quantitative information encoded in documents. However, current tools for generating such visualizations involve the use of traditional WIMP techniques, which perhaps makes free interaction and direct manipulation of the content harder. In this thesis, we present a pen-based prototype for data visualization using 10 different types of bar based charts. The prototype lets users sketch a chart and interact with the information once the drawing is identified. The prototype's user interface consists of an area to sketch and touch based elements that will …
Visual Analysis Of Extremely Dense Crowded Scenes, Haroon Idrees
Visual Analysis Of Extremely Dense Crowded Scenes, Haroon Idrees
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Visual analysis of dense crowds is particularly challenging due to large number of individuals, occlusions, clutter, and fewer pixels per person which rarely occur in ordinary surveillance scenarios. This dissertation aims to address these challenges in images and videos of extremely dense crowds containing hundreds to thousands of humans. The goal is to tackle the fundamental problems of counting, detecting and tracking people in such images and videos using visual and contextual cues that are automatically derived from the crowded scenes. For counting in an image of extremely dense crowd, we propose to leverage multiple sources of information to compute …
Energy Efficient Routing Towards A Mobile Sink Using Virtual Coordinates In A Wireless Sensor Network, Rouhollah Rahmatizadeh
Energy Efficient Routing Towards A Mobile Sink Using Virtual Coordinates In A Wireless Sensor Network, Rouhollah Rahmatizadeh
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The existence of a coordinate system can often improve the routing in a wireless sensor network. While most coordinate systems correspond to the geometrical or geographical coordinates, in recent years researchers had proposed the use of virtual coordinates. Virtual coordinates depend only on the topology of the network as defined by the connectivity of the nodes, without requiring geographical information. The work in this thesis extends the use of virtual coordinates to scenarios where the wireless sensor network has a mobile sink. One reason to use a mobile sink is to distribute the energy consumption more evenly among the sensor …
Placement Of Mode And Wavelength Converters For Throughput Enhancement In Optical Networks, Ruaa Abdulrahman
Placement Of Mode And Wavelength Converters For Throughput Enhancement In Optical Networks, Ruaa Abdulrahman
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The success of recent experiments to transport data using combined wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) and mode-division multiplexed (MDM) transmission has generated optimism for the attainment of optical networks with unprecedented bandwidth capacity, exceeding the fundamental Shannon capacity limit attained by WDM alone. Optical mode converters and wavelength converters are devices that can be placed in future optical nodes (routers) to prevent or reduce the connection blocking rate and consequently increase network throughput. In this thesis, the specific problem of the placement of mode converters (MC) and mode-wavelength converters (MWC) in combined mode and wavelength division multiplexing (MWDM) networks is investigated. …
Pen-Based Methods For Recognition And Animation Of Handwritten Physics Solutions, Salman Cheema
Pen-Based Methods For Recognition And Animation Of Handwritten Physics Solutions, Salman Cheema
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
There has been considerable interest in constructing pen-based intelligent tutoring systems due to the natural interaction metaphor and low cognitive load afforded by pen-based interaction. We believe that pen-based intelligent tutoring systems can be further enhanced by integrating animation techniques. In this work, we explore methods for recognizing and animating sketched physics diagrams. Our methodologies enable an Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS) to understand the scenario and requirements posed by a given problem statement and to couple this knowledge with a computational model of the student's handwritten solution. These pieces of information are used to construct meaningful animations and feedback mechanisms …
Exploring Sparsity, Self-Similarity, And Low Rank Approximation In Action Recognition, Motion Retrieval, And Action Spotting, Chuan Sun
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This thesis consists of 4 major parts. In the first part (Chapters 1-2), we introduce the overview, motivation, and contribution of our works, and extensively survey the current literature for 6 related topics. In the second part (Chapters 3-7), we explore the concept of "Self-Similarity" in two challenging scenarios, namely, the Action Recognition and the Motion Retrieval. We build three-dimensional volume representations for both scenarios, and devise effective techniques that can produce compact representations encoding the internal dynamics of data. In the third part (Chapter 8), we explore the challenging action spotting problem, and propose a feature-independent unsupervised framework that …
An Exploration Of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Direct Manipulation Through 3d Spatial Interaction, Kevin Pfeil
An Exploration Of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Direct Manipulation Through 3d Spatial Interaction, Kevin Pfeil
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
We present an exploration that surveys the strengths and weaknesses of various 3D spatial interaction techniques, in the context of directly manipulating an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). Particularly, a study of touch- and device- free interfaces in this domain is provided. 3D spatial interaction can be achieved using hand-held motion control devices such as the Nintendo Wiimote, but computer vision systems offer a different and perhaps more natural method. In general, 3D user interfaces (3DUI) enable a user to interact with a system on a more robust and potentially more meaningful scale. We discuss the design and development of various …
Active Learning With Unreliable Annotations, Liyue Zhao
Active Learning With Unreliable Annotations, Liyue Zhao
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
With the proliferation of social media, gathering data has became cheaper and easier than before. However, this data can not be used for supervised machine learning without labels. Asking experts to annotate sufficient data for training is both expensive and time-consuming. Current techniques provide two solutions to reducing the cost and providing sufficient labels: crowdsourcing and active learning. Crowdsourcing, which outsources tasks to a distributed group of people, can be used to provide a large quantity of labels but controlling the quality of labels is hard. Active learning, which requires experts to annotate a subset of the most informative or …
Computational Methods For Comparative Non-Coding Rna Analysis: From Structural Motif Identification To Genome-Wide Functional Classification, Cuncong Zhong
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Recent advances in biological research point out that many ribonucleic acids (RNAs) are transcribed from the genome to perform a variety of cellular functions, rather than merely acting as information carriers for protein synthesis. These RNAs are usually referred to as the non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). The versatile regulation mechanisms and functionalities of the ncRNAs contribute to the amazing complexity of the biological system. The ncRNAs perform their biological functions by folding into specific structures. In this case, the comparative study of the ncRNA structures is key to the inference of their molecular and cellular functions. We are especially interested in …
Discriminative Dictionary Learning With Spatial Constraints, Muhammad Nazar Khan
Discriminative Dictionary Learning With Spatial Constraints, Muhammad Nazar Khan
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In this thesis, we investigate the use of dictionary learning for discriminative tasks on natural images. Our contributions can be summarized as follows: • We introduce discriminative deviation based learning to achieve principled handling of the reconstruction-discrimination tradeoff that is inherent to discriminative dictionary learning. • Since natural images obey a strong smoothness prior, we show how spatial smoothness constraints can be incorporated into the learning formulation by embedding dictionary learning into Conditional Random Field (CRF) learning. We demonstrate that such smoothness constraints can lead to state-of-the-art performance for pixel-classification tasks. • Finally, we lay down the foundations of super-latent …
A Compiler-Based Framework For Automatic Extraction Of Program Skeletons For Exascale Hardware/Software Co-Design, Amruth Rudraiah Dakshinamurthy
A Compiler-Based Framework For Automatic Extraction Of Program Skeletons For Exascale Hardware/Software Co-Design, Amruth Rudraiah Dakshinamurthy
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The design of high-performance computing architectures requires performance analysis of largescale parallel applications to derive various parameters concerning hardware design and software development. The process of performance analysis and benchmarking an application can be done in several ways with varying degrees of fidelity. One of the most cost-effective ways is to do a coarse-grained study of large-scale parallel applications through the use of program skeletons. The concept of a “program skeleton” that we discuss in this paper is an abstracted program that is derived from a larger program where source code that is determined to be irrelevant is removed for …
Automatically Acquiring A Semantic Network Of Related Concepts, Sean Szumlanski
Automatically Acquiring A Semantic Network Of Related Concepts, Sean Szumlanski
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
We describe the automatic acquisition of a semantic network in which over 7,500 of the most frequently occurring nouns in the English language are linked to their semantically related concepts in the WordNet noun ontology. Relatedness between nouns is discovered automatically from lexical co-occurrence in Wikipedia texts using a novel adaptation of an information theoretic inspired measure. Our algorithm then capitalizes on salient sense clustering among these semantic associates to automatically disambiguate them to their corresponding WordNet noun senses (i.e., concepts). The resultant concept-to-concept associations, stemming from 7,593 target nouns, with 17,104 distinct senses among them, constitute a large-scale semantic …
Bridging The Gap Between Fun And Fitness: Instructional Techniques And Real-World Applications For Full-Body Dance Games, Emiko Charbonneau
Bridging The Gap Between Fun And Fitness: Instructional Techniques And Real-World Applications For Full-Body Dance Games, Emiko Charbonneau
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Full-body controlled games offer the opportunity for not only entertainment, but education and exercise as well. Refined gameplay mechanics and content can boost intrinsic motivation and keep people playing over a long period of time, which is desirable for individuals who struggle with maintaining a regular exercise program. Within this gameplay genre, dance rhythm games have proven to be popular with game console owners. Yet, while other types of games utilize story mechanics that keep players engaged for dozens of hours, motion-controlled dance games are just beginning to incorporate these elements. In addition, this control scheme is still young, only …
Scene Understanding For Real Time Processing Of Queries Over Big Data Streaming Video, Alexander Aved
Scene Understanding For Real Time Processing Of Queries Over Big Data Streaming Video, Alexander Aved
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
With heightened security concerns across the globe and the increasing need to monitor, preserve and protect infrastructure and public spaces to ensure proper operation, quality assurance and safety, numerous video cameras have been deployed. Accordingly, they also need to be monitored effectively and efficiently. However, relying on human operators to constantly monitor all the video streams is not scalable or cost effective. Humans can become subjective, fatigued, even exhibit bias and it is difficult to maintain high levels of vigilance when capturing, searching and recognizing events that occur infrequently or in isolation. These limitations are addressed in the Live Video …
Detecting Semantic Method Clones In Java Code Using Method Ioe-Behavior, Rochelle Elva
Detecting Semantic Method Clones In Java Code Using Method Ioe-Behavior, Rochelle Elva
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The determination of semantic equivalence is an undecidable problem; however, this dissertation shows that a reasonable approximation can be obtained using a combination of static and dynamic analysis. This study investigates the detection of functional duplicates, referred to as semantic method clones (SMCs), in Java code. My algorithm extends the input-output notion of observable behavior, used in related work [1, 2], to include the effects of the method. The latter property refers to the persistent changes to the heap, brought about by the execution of the method. To differentiate this from the typical input-output behavior used by other researchers, I …
Using Freebase, An Automatically Generated Dictionary, And A Classifier To Identify A Person's Profession In Tweets, Abraham Hall
Using Freebase, An Automatically Generated Dictionary, And A Classifier To Identify A Person's Profession In Tweets, Abraham Hall
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Algorithms for classifying pre-tagged person entities in tweets into one of eight profession categories are presented. A classifier using a semi-supervised learning algorithm that takes into consideration the local context surrounding the entity in the tweet, hash tag information, and topic signature scores is described. In addition to the classifier, this research investigates two dictionaries containing the professions of persons. These two dictionaries are used in their own classification algorithms which are independent of the classifier. The method for creating the first dictionary dynamically from the web and the algorithm that accesses this dictionary to classify a person into one …
Computational Methods For Analyzing Rna Folding Landscapes And Its Applications, Yuan Li
Computational Methods For Analyzing Rna Folding Landscapes And Its Applications, Yuan Li
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Non-protein-coding RNAs play critical regulatory roles in cellular life. Many ncRNAs fold into specific structures in order to perform their biological functions. Some of the RNAs, such as riboswitches, can even fold into alternative structural conformations in order to participate in different biological processes. In addition, these RNAs can transit dynamically between different functional structures along folding pathways on their energy landscapes. These alternative functional structures are usually energetically favored and are stable in their local energy landscapes. Moreover, conformational transitions between any pair of alternate structures usually involve high energy barriers, such that RNAs can become kinetically trapped by …
Hfs Plus File System Exposition And Forensics, Scott Ware
Hfs Plus File System Exposition And Forensics, Scott Ware
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The Macintosh Hierarchical File System Plus, HFS +, or as it is commonly referred to as the Mac Operating System, OS, Extended, was introduced in 1998 with Mac OS X 8.1. HFS+ is an update to HFS, Mac OS Standard format that offers more efficient use of disk space, implements international friendly file names, future support for named forks, and facilitates booting on non-Mac OS operating systems through different partition schemes. The HFS+ file system is efficient, yet, complex. It makes use of B-trees to implement key data structures for maintaining meta-data about folders, files, and data. The implementation of …
Online Path Planning And Control Solution For A Coordinated Attack Of Multiple Unmanned Aerial Vehicles In A Dynamic Environment, Juan Vega-Nevarez
Online Path Planning And Control Solution For A Coordinated Attack Of Multiple Unmanned Aerial Vehicles In A Dynamic Environment, Juan Vega-Nevarez
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The role of the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) has significantly expanded in the military sector during the last decades mainly due to their cost effectiveness and their ability to eliminate the human life risk. Current UAV technology supports a variety of missions and extensive research and development is being performed to further expand its capabilities. One particular field of interest is the area of the low cost expendable UAV since its small price tag makes it an attractive solution for target suppression. A swarm of these low cost UAVs can be utilized as guided munitions or kamikaze UAVs to attack …
Towards Evolving More Brain-Like Artificial Neural Networks, Sebastian Risi
Towards Evolving More Brain-Like Artificial Neural Networks, Sebastian Risi
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
An ambitious long-term goal for neuroevolution, which studies how artificial evolutionary processes can be driven to produce brain-like structures, is to evolve neurocontrollers with a high density of neurons and connections that can adapt and learn from past experience. Yet while neuroevolution has produced successful results in a variety of domains, the scale of natural brains remains far beyond reach. In this dissertation two extensions to the recently introduced Hypercube-based NeuroEvolution of Augmenting Topologies (HyperNEAT) approach are presented that are a step towards more brain-like artificial neural networks (ANNs). First, HyperNEAT is extended to evolve plastic ANNs that can learn …
Networking And Security Solutions For Vanet Initial Deployment Stage, Baber Aslam
Networking And Security Solutions For Vanet Initial Deployment Stage, Baber Aslam
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) is a special case of mobile networks, where vehicles equipped with computing/communicating devices (called "smart vehicles") are the mobile wireless nodes. However, the movement pattern of these mobile wireless nodes is no more random, as in case of mobile networks, rather it is restricted to roads and streets. Vehicular networks have hybrid architecture; it is a combination of both infrastructure and infrastructure-less architectures. The direct vehicle to vehicle (V2V) communication is infrastructure-less or ad hoc in nature. Here the vehicles traveling within communication range of each other form an ad hoc network. On the other …
Setpad: A Sketch-Based Tool For Exploring Discrete Math Set Problems, Travis Cossairt
Setpad: A Sketch-Based Tool For Exploring Discrete Math Set Problems, Travis Cossairt
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
We present SetPad, a new application prototype that lets computer science students explore discrete math problems by sketching set expressions using pen-based input. Students can manipulate the expressions interactively with the tool via pen or multi-touch interface. Likewise, discrete mathematics instructors can use SetPad to display and work through set problems via a projector to better demonstrate the solutions to the students. We discuss the implementation and feature set of the application, as well as results from both an informal perceived usefulness evaluation for students taking a computer science foundation exam in addition to a formal user study measuring the …
Study Of Human Activity In Video Data With An Emphasis On View-Invariance, Nazim Ashraf
Study Of Human Activity In Video Data With An Emphasis On View-Invariance, Nazim Ashraf
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The perception and understanding of human motion and action is an important area of research in computer vision that plays a crucial role in various applications such as surveillance, HCI, ergonomics, etc. In this thesis, we focus on the recognition of actions in the case of varying viewpoints and different and unknown camera intrinsic parameters. The challenges to be addressed include perspective distortions, differences in viewpoints, anthropometric variations, and the large degrees of freedom of articulated bodies. In addition, we are interested in methods that require little or no training. The current solutions to action recognition usually assume that there …
Towards Real-Time Mixed Reality Matting In Natural Scenes, Nicholas Beato
Towards Real-Time Mixed Reality Matting In Natural Scenes, Nicholas Beato
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In Mixed Reality scenarios, background replacement is a common way to immerse a user in a synthetic environment. Properly identifying the background pixels in an image or video is a dif- ficult problem known as matting. Proper alpha mattes usually come from human guidance, special hardware setups, or color dependent algorithms. This is a consequence of the under-constrained nature of the per pixel alpha blending equation. In constant color matting, research identifies and replaces a background that is a single color, known as the chroma key color. Unfortunately, the algorithms force a controlled physical environment and favor constant, uniform lighting. …
Efficient And Scalable Evaluation Of Continuous, Spatio-Temporal Queries In Mobile Computing Environments, Jonathan M. Cazalas
Efficient And Scalable Evaluation Of Continuous, Spatio-Temporal Queries In Mobile Computing Environments, Jonathan M. Cazalas
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
A variety of research exists for the processing of continuous queries in large, mobile environments. Each method tries, in its own way, to address the computational bottleneck of constantly processing so many queries. For this research, we present a two-pronged approach at addressing this problem. Firstly, we introduce an efficient and scalable system for monitoring traditional, continuous queries by leveraging the parallel processing capability of the Graphics Processing Unit. We examine a naive CPU-based solution for continuous range-monitoring queries, and we then extend this system using the GPU. Additionally, with mobile communication devices becoming commodity, location-based services will become ubiquitous. …
Algorithms For Rendering Optimization, Jared Johnson
Algorithms For Rendering Optimization, Jared Johnson
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation explores algorithms for rendering optimization realizable within a modern, complex rendering engine. The first part contains optimized rendering algorithms for ray tracing. Ray tracing algorithms typically provide properties of simplicity and robustness that are highly desirable in computer graphics. We offer several novel contributions to the problem of interactive ray tracing of complex lighting environments. We focus on the problem of maintaining interactivity as both geometric and lighting complexity grows without effecting the simplicity or robustness of ray tracing. First, we present a new algorithm called occlusion caching for accelerating the calculation of direct lighting from many light …