Engineering Commons^™

Water Management Research In Arid And Sub-Humid Lands Of Less Developed Countries: Fifth Annual Progress Report, Utah State University

Reports

No abstract provided.

Bridges: Synthesis Of Load Histories And Analysis Of Fatigue, James H. Havens, Robert C. Deen

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Repeated stressing of metals above certain limits induces inter- and intra-crystalline dislocations and cleavages and eventually cracks which propagate to failure. Some authorities consider crack propagation to be a separate and discrete stage in the failure process. The internal damage is insidiously cumulative and irreversible. This phenomenon was recognized as early as 1829 and was termed fatigue as early as 1839(1). From the beginning of fatigue testing (Wohler, 1858-1870), results have been reported as S-N, S-log N, or log S-log N curves, where N is the number of repetitions of stress S. From a structural design point of view, …

A Simulation Of Sediment Deposit In Open Channels, Tsan-Wen Wang

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In this study, two mathematical models have been developed to simulate sediment deposition in open-channel flow; a model based on three characteristic equations and a model based on two characteristic equations. A set of three partial differential equations for one dimensional transient flow with homogeneous density was provided to explain the mechanics of the phenomenon. By the method of characteristics, three partial differential equations were transformed into a set of three ordinary differential equations or a set of two ordinary differential equations by simplification in which the change of sediment layer thickness with respect to distance was assumed to be …

Analysis Of Variation Of River Flow And Water Quality In The White River Basin, Michael Stephen Thompson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The main objectives of this White River Basin study were to analyze flow variation records, to investigate existing river water quality data as compared with the designated beneficial uses for the basin and to consider the influence of present and future irrigation development. Data were collected from a number of sources and brought together for interpretation with respect to these objectives. The streamflow study utilizes the streamflow records from 10 gaging stations in the White River Basin. It is expected that the results of this investigation may be of assistance to the South Dakota Water Resources Commission and the South …

The Hydraulics Of Waste Stabilization Ponds, Gary Z. Watters

Reports

The treatment efficiency of waste stabilization ponds depends primarily on the biological factors of type of waste and organic loading. However, the biological activity in a pond is greatly influenced by the environmental conditions of temperature, wind, sunlight, and the hydraulic flow patterns. In the past little attention has been given to the hydraulic characteristics of waste stabilization ponds such as the gross flow patterns within stabilization ponds as affected by the shape of the pond or lagoon, the presence of dead spaces, and positioning of inlets and outlets and the degree of density stratification. These hydraulic flow characteristics will …

The Great Salt Lake And Utah's Water Resources , Utah Water Research Laboratory

Reports

Introduction: It is appropriate to introduce these proceedings with a brief description of this history and objectives of the American Water Resources Association (AWRA). Quoting from a recent information borchure published by the AWRA, it is a non-profit, scientific organization that was incorporated in the State of Illinous in March, 1964, with headquarters in Urbana, Illinois. A major factor in the establishment of the AWRA was the need for an organization to encourage and foster interdisciplinary communication between professionals of diverse backgrounds working on all aspects of water resources problems. The principal objectives of AWRA are stated briefly as follows: …

Optimizing Resistance Coefficients For Large Bed Element Streams, D. E. Overton, Harl E. Judd, C. W. Johnson

Reports

This is a report of a comparison of Darcy resistance coefficients calculafed for previously reported laboratory data and those calculated for large bed element streams. Large bed element (LBE) streams exist frequently in nature where rocks derived from valley walls or from channels cutting through ancient glacial or fluvial deposits are moved only under conditions of extreme flood. The height of bed elements is a significant part of the mean depth of flow. The stream gradients are high and are quite stable for all but the highest flows.

Effects Of Land Use On Water Quality: Summit Creek, Smithfield, Utah, David W. Meyers, E. Joe Middlebrooks, Donald B. Porcella

Reports

The effects of various land uses on water quality in Summit Creek were evaluated during the period beginning March 13, 1971, and ending October 27, 1971. Potential sources of pollution investigated where: (1) septic tank use, (2) feedlot runoff, (3) urban runoff, (4) rural runoff. Samples were collected from five sampling stations on 16 separate days during the sampling period. Analyses were performed to determine the following constituents: ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, total phosphorus, orthophosphate, coliform bacteria, chloride, suspended solids, volatile suspended solids, total carbon, organic carbon, temperature, and pH. Agricultural activates, including livestock feedlot operations, were identified as the major …

Experimental Study Of Water Hammer In Buried Pvc And Permastran Pipes, Roland W. Jeppson, Gordon H. Flammer, Gary Z. Watters

Reports

No abstract provided.

Model Study Of The Manifold To Be Used As A Component Of The Virginia Electric And Power Company, 1974 Extension Of Yorktown Power Station, Roland W. Jeppson, Calvin G. Clyde, Charles Kincaid

Reports

Introduction: This report describes the fabrication and laboratory testing of a 1/12 scale model of the 5 branch converging manifold to be installed as a component of the Virginia Electric and Power Company 1974 extension of the Yorktown power station. The design of the manifold (see Fig. 1) was supplied by Brown & Root, Inc. The geometry of Branch number 1 as shown on Fig. 1 was modified slightly from the original design after conferring with Browth & Root, Inc. in order to facilitate the fabrication of this branch of the model. In addition to the fabrication of the manifold …

Studies To Develop And Investigate An Inverse Formulation For Numerically Solving Three-Dimensional Free Surface Potential Fluid Flows, Roland W. Jeppson

Reports

An inverse formulation is developed for solving three-dimensional potential fluid flows which considers the magnitudes of the cartesian coordinates x, y, and z as the dependent variables in the space defined by the potential function and two mutually orthogonal stream surface functions whose intersection defines the physical space streamlines. This formulation reverses the usual role of the variables. In this inverse space irregular boundaries, with unknown position in the physical space, such as free surfaces become plane boundaries, and the space of most potential flow problems is a parallelepiped. The basin partial differential equations resulting from this formulation are nonlinear …

Limitations Of Some Finite Difference Methods In Solving The Strongly Nonlinear Equation Of Unsaturated Flow In Soils, Roland W. Jeppson

Reports

No abstract provided.

Relationships Of Infiltration Characteristics To Parameters Describing The Hydraulic Properties Of Soils, Roland W. Jeppson

Reports

No abstract provided.

Calibration Of Parshall Flumes With Non-Standard Entrance Transitions, Cheng-Lung Chen, Calvin G. Clyde, Min-Shoung Chu, Chi-Yuan Wei

Reports

The 9-ince and 18-inch Parshall flumes with the throat section installed level with the bottom of an incoming pipe were tested. The measured discharges for given flow depths (free flow) or differences in flow depths (submerged flow) were found to deviate quite significantly fromt he computed standard Parshall flume disharges at both low and high flow rates. New empirical formulats have been developed to take such deviations into account. It is noted that values of the coefficients and exponents contained in the new formulas depend on the throat size of the flume and the slope of the incoming pipe. Calibration …

Water Resources Planning To Satisfy Growing Demand In An Urbanizing Agricultural Region, Thomas C. Anderson

Reports

Although it is condeded that an adequate supply of water is essential to economic growth and development, what constitutes an "adequate" supply is often controversial and difficult to determine. The problem can be solved by applying basin economic concepts: determining the value of water be estimating its supply and demand. This report demonstrates one method for doing this. The theory of the demand for irrigation water and its empirical application are discussed. An example problem based on data from one of the sub-regions of the study area (the Jordan River Basin of Utah) is presented to illustrate the method. The …

Chronological Listing Of Research Reports, Division Of Research, Kentucky Department Of Highways

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

No abstract provided.

Experimental Overlay Of Glazon Over Two Bridge Decks, Assaf S. Rahal, A. B. Blankenship

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

In accordance with a Personal Service Agreement entered into with the Glazon Industries, Inc., on July 2, 1971, the two subject decks were patched and overlayed with Glazon. On July 27, 1971, work started on RP 106-286-HG3, KY 395 bridge over I 64 in Shelby County. Work consisted of routing old concrete and sandblasting the surface (Figures 1 and 2). State personnel and equipment were used for all cleaning operations. The same procedures were followed to clean HM 99-1324A-MB3 in Powell County near Clay City.

On July 28, 1971, Glazon personnel and equipment arrived at the work site in Shelby …

Subject Listing Of Research Reports, Division Of Research, Kentucky Department Of Highways

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

No abstract provided.

A National Survey Of Manpower Utilization And Future Needs Of Consulting Engineering Firms Engaged In Water Pollution Control, E. Joe Middlebrooks

Reports

Introduction: As part of the overall evaluation of manpower needs in the environmental field, a survey of architectural and engineering firms was jointly sponsored by the Consulting Engineers Council, the American Association of Professors in Sanitary Engineering and the Environmental Protection Agency. A questionnaire was mailed to 8,.5. engineering and architectural firms that subscribe to the magazine

Development Of Regional Supply Functions And A Least-Cost Model For Allocating Water Resources In Utah: A Parametric Linear Programming Approach, Alton B. King, Jay C. Andersen, Calvin G. Clyde, Daniel H. Hoggan

Reports

The development and allocation of the water resourcse within a state require water planners to prepare plans far in advance of the actual time new facilities are required. It is not easy to identify and evaluate all the possible alternatives for providing water which incorporate broad objectives such as economic efficiency, social welfare, regional development, recreation benefits, and conservation of environment. Water resources development entails the modification of a natural hydrologic system to better meet man's needs. The interrelationships among elements of the hydrologic system to better meet man's needs. The interrelationships among elements of the hydrologic system are relatively …

Fitting Discrete Probabilistic Frequency Distributions To Disturbed Traffic Flow At An Unsignalized Urban Intersection, Horst Walter Kaminsky

Masters Theses

"Traffic variables, such as volume, speed, gaps and lags, and headways can be described by probability distributions. In this study vehicle arrivals from three directions have been recorded at a four-leg, right-angled, at-grade intersection in Rolla, Missouri, and statistically analyzed. Two distinct probabilistic statistical concepts were used, the continuous (gap) and discrete (counting) distribution. The negative exponential distribution is discussed briefly, whereas the applicability of discrete statistical models for the traffic situation selected is elaborated in detail.

The purpose of this research was to investigate the impairment and distortion that various interferences such as upstream traffic lights, bottlenecks or other …

Adsorption And Desorption Of Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Pesticides By Organic Humic Sludge, Fu-Sheng Chien

Masters Theses

"This research study was undertaken to investigate the fundamental sorption and desorption of selected organic pesticides by organic humic acids under laboratory-controlled conditions. Emphasis was placed on the evaluation of both the rate and the equilibrium of adsorption and desorption. Two types of chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticides were employed in this study. These are dieldrin and heptachlor, both of which are commonly used in today's agricultural applications. The adsorbent of organic humic acids was extracted from a coal-like substance called "leonardite," which has a humus content as high as 53 percent by weight. The experimental work of this study was conducted …

Effect Of Biological Activity On Pesticide Desorption, Loh-Tien Chiang

Masters Theses

"The purpose of this research study was to investigate the effect of biological activities on the desorption of pesticides from humic acid solids. The pesticides selected in this study are dieldrin and heptachlor, both of which have been commonly used in agricultural applications. The humic acid adsorbent was extracted from a coal-like substance called "leonardite", which has a humus content of as high as 53 percent by weight. The first step of this study involved a proper cultivation of biological culture so that the culture could be adapted to a test environment containing a high concentration of humic acids. The …

The Structural Behavior Of Cold-Formed Steel Members With Perforated Elements, Charles S. Davis

Doctoral Dissertations

"Analytical and experimental investigations have been conducted to study the influence of perforations on the structural behavior of cold-formed steel structural members. Since in many cases, the load-carrying capacity of cold-formed steel members depends on the buckling behavior of individual component elements, emphasis has been concentrated on the study of the instability and post-buckling strength of perforated elements. In this investigation, the buckling loads and post-buckling strength of stiffened and unstiffened compression elements having single circular and square holes have been studied analytically by using the finite element method. The effects of different holes on the buckling coefficient have been …

Thermal Stresses And Movements In Bridges, Joseph Charles Reynolds

Masters Theses

"A state of the art regarding the thermal behavior of bridges and considerations to be given to the resultant thermal effects is presented. The results of studies related to the thermal effects on bridges are reviewed. Studies attempting to relate environmental factors to bridge temperatures, and subsequently to bridge movements and stresses, indicate that the task is extremely complex. Some correlation has been made between equations predicting bridge temperatures and movements based on weather bureau records. However, further research is needed to evaluate the effects of factors other than temperature, such as creep, shrinkage, and humidity on bridge movements and …

Use Of Glass Separated From Municipal Refuse In Asphaltic Concrete, Thomas Eugene Keith

Masters Theses

"The recent interest in municipal refuse recycling has brought about the development of several systems for separation of the refuse into components. One of the components reclaimed is a glass-rich fraction which, although primarily glass, contains various non-glass materials which the system is not able to remove. Clean waste glass can be used as an asphaltic concrete aggregate, and it would be desirable to use this glass-rich fraction in a similar manner. However, the effect, if any, of the non-glass components on the properties of an asphaltic mixture must be determined in order to utilize the glass-rich fraction with a …

A Study On The Lateral Placement Of Automobiles Due To Restrictions On Two-Lane Rural Highways, Warren Chip Woods

Masters Theses

"The driver of an isolated vehicle on a given section of highway, whether it is urban or rural, will choose a path on the pavement that offers the least resistance to driver effort and which to him seems safest. Lateral obstructions, such as retaining walls, trees, bridge abutments, ect., which may cause him to deviate from the desired path represent some degree of hazard to the driver and should be removed, if practicle. The purpose of this investigation was to determine any change in the lateral placement of automobiles due to side restrictions on rural two-way, two-lane highways. Phase one …

Development Of A Sampling System And Characterization Of Stormwater Runoff From A Small Urban Area, William Clark Ford

Masters Theses

"Increasing urbanization and the demand for high quality water have directed attention to the problem of combined sewer overflows, while recent research has demonstrated that stormwater alone, without the influence of sanitary sewage, carries a significant pollutional load. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the quality and pollutional contribution of stormwater runoff from a small urban area, with specific emphasis on the development of a suitable sampling and flow recording system, the characterization of runoff and the correlation of runoff quality with local environmental factors and storm characteristics. The system developed consisted of an automatic sampler capable of …

Structural Test And Analysis Of A Vierendeel Steel And Concrete Composite Girder, Melvin Crews Oestreich

Masters Theses

"The results of the structural load testing of a unique type of steel and concrete composite girder are described. The structural system, referred to as a composite Vierendeel girder, is a hybrid type which incorporates features of a castellated beam and a Vierendeel truss. The performance of the composite girder agreed reasonably well with calculated values based on section properties for a prismatic beam. Observations indicated web stiffeners were required on the stub beams to prevent premature failure of the system. Failure of the girder was due to concrete crushing over a stub web beam. Design considerations for a structural …

Characterization And Staged Lagoon Treatment Of Swine Feedlot Waste, Abraham H. Loudermilk Jr.

Masters Theses

"Feedlot pollution is developing into a serious problem because of the trend toward intensive farming techniques and the increasing number of animals in confinement feeding operations. The purpose of this study was to characterize swine waste collected under a slotted feeding floor using a water-carriage system, and to evaluate the treatment of this waste in a staged lagoon system consisting of an anaerobic, a dual anaerobic-aerobic, and an aerobic lagoon. A small feeding floor unit capable of maintaining 3 separate groups of animals, and a pilot 3-lagoon system were designed, constructed, and operated for a period of approximately 4 months. …