Engineering Commons^™

An Update On College And University Programs In Air Pollution Control, Harold M. Cota

Civil and Environmental Engineering

A survey of academic programs in air pollution control was made. Results from the 127 schools reporting are tabulated by state. Faculty involved in air pollution instruction are identified. Some conclusions and recommendations are presented.

H & V News

Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

Improved Structural Monitoring With Acoustic Emission Pattern Recognition, David W. Prine, Theodore Hopwood Ii

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

A unique acoustic emission monitoring system originally developed for inprocess weld monitoring has been used to monitor fatigue crack growth in a highway bridge during normal traffic loading. The system was able to clearly and reliably detect the presence of fatigue cracks that were adjacent to a row of bolts. The results of the brief experiment show that the signal processing used in this AE system may allow drastic improvements in the ability of acoustic emission to reliably detect propagating bridge flaws under adverse conditions.

Development Of A Portable Retroreflectometer, Kenneth R. Agent, Jerry G. Pigman

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

There is a need for a portable retroreflectometer which can perform reflectivity measurements in the field . This could eliminate the need for subjective ratings or taking samples of materials from the field to test in the laboratory. This report describes the development of a portable retroflectometer (PRR).

A PRR was built with the objective of approximating the angles of incidence and divergence used in the ESNA Reflex-Photometer (ESNA). Tests showed a good relationship between readings taken with the PRR and ESNA. The recommendation was made that the PRR is suitable for use as a means of measuring reflectivity in …

Development Of A Computer-Aided Analysis Package For Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics, William E. Warkentin

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis develops an interactive computer-aided analysis package for solving linear elastic fracture mechanics problems. CHILES 2 (an existing finite element fracture mechanics program) was modified to be interactive. The modified program is named CHILES.BYU and is used in conjunction with QMESH.BYU and MOVIE.BYU to form the total software package. An analysis of glass ceramics and glass ceramic/metal interfaces was performed demonstrating the capabilities of the package. This study demonstrates the usefulness of an interactive package of computer programs to allow an engineer to rapidly investigate different crack configurations.

Scrubs.Byu A Two Dimensional Finite Element Package For Continuum Analysis Using Quadratic Isoparametric Elements, Michael Glenn Long

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis develops a two dimensional, axisymmetric finite element package for solving continuum problems including rubbleization subsidence and nonlinear fracture mechanics. This package includes both a user friendly preprocessor, PRESCRUBS.BYU, and a versatile analysis code SCRUBS.BYU. PRESCRUBS.BYU systematically creates the data file necessary to run SCRUBS.BYU. SCRUBS.BYU provides many options of nonlinear static analysis using either linear or quadratic isoparametric finite elements. Sample problems are presented that demonstrate the capabilities of this package.

Transient Two Dimensional Ground-Water Flow: A Comparison Of Computed And Analytical Results, Robert Jan Fennema

Civil & Environmental Engineering Theses & Dissertations

The exact analytical solution of the transient-flow equation is compared with the finite difference solution. The finite difference program, written by the author, uses an iterative alternating direction implicit procedure to solve the linearized partial differential equation. A second order accurate central difference method is employed to solve the equation in two dimensions.

Variable cell spacing to divide the physical domain, a weighting factor and a time acceleration function were used to investigate rate of convergence and accuracy of the numerical solution. The exact integral solution to the one-dimensional form of the flow equation i n radial coordinates is used …

Evaluating The Effects Of Alum With Polyelectrolyte Coagulant Aids In Treatment Of Low Turbidity Waters, Kenneth John Stockwell

Civil & Environmental Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Potable water sources usually require treatment for removal of suspended organic and inorganic particles. Conventional treatment processes incorporate chemical coagulants for removal of these suspended particles. Alum is a widely used coagulant that can provide adequate removals of turbidity. However, high alum dosages are required for treatment of low turbidity waters producing a voluminous sludge that is difficult to dewater.

Recent Federal regulations have limited disposal options for chemical sludges. This has prompted a reevaluation of coagulants and their dosages with the goal of reducing the amount of sludge produced and improving the sludge handling characteristics necessary for ultimate disposal. …

Gasification Of Densified Sludge And Wastepaper In A Downdraft Packed-Bed Gasifier, George Tchobanoglous, Nelson W. Sorbo, Samuel A. Vigil

Civil and Environmental Engineering

The co-disposal of densified sludge and wastepaper in a co-current flow packed bed gasifier represents new application of the thermal gasification process. Advantages of this technology include lower costs than other incineration or pyrolysis technologies, simple construction and operation, and the ability to use a variety of fuels including agricultural wastes and other biomass materials in addition to densified sludge and wastepaper.

The Influence Of Local Buckling On The Structural Behavior Of Singly-Symmetric Cold-Formed Steel Columns, Gale P. Mulligan, Teoman Peköz

CCFSS Library (1939 - present)

INTRODUCTION Cold-formed steel sections are formed from thin steel sheets, of typical thickness 0.015-0.25 inches, by either production cold roll forming or by specialized press braking. As a result, it is possible to produce economically a variety of cross-sectional shapes, which have high strength-to-weight ratios. Some structural applications include primary and secondary load-carrying framing members, such as columns, purlins and wall studs; and shear diaphragms, such as floor and roof decks and wall panels (Yu [1973]). Their design is governed by the American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Specification [1980], which is unique because of its generality, e.g., no specific …

Hydraulic Analysis Of Surcharged Storm Sewer Systems, Don J. Wood, Gregory C. Heitzman

KWRRI Research Reports

Surcharge in a storm sewer system is the condition in which an entire sewer section is submerged and the pipe is flowing full under pressure. Flow in a surcharged storm sewer is essentially slowly varying unsteady pipe flow and methods for analyzing this type of flow are investigated. In this report the governing equations for unsteady fluid flow in pressurized storm sewers are presented. From these governing equations three numerical models are developed using various assumptions and simplifications. These flow models are applied to several example storm sewer systems under surcharge conditions. Plots of hydraulic grade and flow throughout the …

Plan Of Study For Cross Florida Barge Canal: Economic Analysis, United States. Army. Corps Of Engineers. Jacksonville District

Correspondence and Textual Material

At the time of the previous study of transportation savings, commerce in coal primarily for electric power generation could not be ·projected with any degree of accuracy because most electric utilities had not developed firm plans for building new coal-fired plants· or for converting from petroleum products or natural gas to coal at existing plants. Today, with plants already constructed that will burn coal, there is a greater probability of defining coal needs. So there is a need to reevaluate potential coal traffic via the CFBC. Also there is a need to evaluate the other types of benefits mentioned under …

H & V News

Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

Grand Prairie Water Supply Project - Phase 1, Richard C. Peralta, Roberto Arce, Timothy M. Skergan

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications

On the Grand Prairie, rice has required irrigation. Present day economics are favoring irrigation for soybeans as well. Water needs are currently being filled primarily from three sources: rainfall, a Tertiary aquifer and a Quaternary aquifer. Rainfall and rainfall storage meet some of the total water needs. The Tertiary aquifer lies at depths of 750 to 1400 feet beneath the surface of the Grand Prairie. Some water is obtained from the formation, but the outlook for significantly increasing withdrawals is bleak because of the cost involved in drilling new wells. Roughly seventy-five percent of the irrigation water needs are met …

Evaluation And Accessing Of Data For A Water Resources Simulator, Richard C. Peralta, Roberto Arce, Timothy Skergan

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications

This report evaluates the availability of data needed to use a groundwater simulation model for real time conjunctive water management in the Arkansas Grand Prairie. It is assumed that the goal of such management is to protect existing groundwater rights by maintaining water levels so that wells do not go dry, even in time of drought.

Sufficient hydrogeologic data exists to use the simulation model to predict the effect of known pumping rates on groundwater levels. Developing an optimal set of "target" levels and annually managing pumping to achieve those levels requires additional data: fall groundwater levels, degree of connection …

Analytical And Experimental Stresses In Concrete Pavements And Unbonded Overlays, Ahmad Jaber

Dissertations and Theses

The principal objective of this study is to determine the accuracy of calculating stresses in concrete pavements and unbonded overlays under different loading conditions. The computed stresses for the single layer pavements are obtained based on Westergaard theory, the finite-element model (ILLI-SLAB), and the elastic layered model (ELSYM5). For the two-layer unbonded systems, stresses are estimated based on the finite-element theory and the Portland Cement Association design method. The experimental results for the comparison were available from a series of tests done on model scale concrete pavements and unbonded overlays. The results of present investigation show that the computed stresses …

Design Of Oil Shale Disposal Embankment, Vincent P. Drnevich, Tommy C. Hopkins, Samuel S. Hale

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Mining processes and associated regulations for oil shale development in eastern United States are discussed with emphasis given to overburden and spent shale disposal at the mining site. Curves are presented which allow for quick determination of stripping ratios, overburden quantities and oil shale quantities. Procedures are outlined for determining quantities of materials to be disposed and graphs are given for sizing various zones of the disposal embankment. These procedures are demonstrated with an example.

Stability of slopes and magnitude of settlement are functions of the engineering properties of the embankment materials. Procedures for obtaining these data are from field …

Engineering Properties Of Two Spent Shales And Minus 1/4-Inch Raw Shale For The Means Project, Vincent P. Drnevich, David L. Allen, Tommy C. Hopkins

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

A geotechnical investigation was performed to determine the physical properties (classification) and engineering properties of the Sunbury oil shale from a proposed oil shale mining site in Montgomery County (Means Project). Three materials were recieved in sealed metal drums and were labeled Raw Oil Shale (only material less than 0.25 inch), Sunbury, spent shale, and Sunbury shale (2.5-inch to 1/4-inch). The material labeled Sunbury, spent shale, (hereafter referred to as Spent Shale No. 1), has very little fines and the particles were angular in shape. The Sunbury, spent shale, 2.5-inch to 0.25 inch, (hereafter referred to as Spent Shale No. …

Traffic Safety Analysis: University Of Kentucky Area, Kentucky Transportation Research Program

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

The concept of Transportation System Management (TSM) is based on the use of transportation facilities for the efficient and safe movement of people and goods. Through a grant administered by the U.S. Department of Transportation, the Lexington-Fayette Urban County Government contracted with the University of Kentucky (UK) to develop and implement a "Ridesharing Program" and a "Minor Traffic Control Improvements Program".

Discussions of the traffic safety problems around the University area by the Lexington-Fayette Urban County Council coincided with UK's initial work in the traffic safety portion of the grant. Following those discussions, a request was made by the Council …

A Computerized Analysis Of Flexible Pavement Rutting Behavior (Pavrut), David L. Allen

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Flexible pavements are known to fail in several modes, one of which is rutting. In an effort to determine where in the pavement structure and to what extent rutting occurs and to determine the factors that control rutting, a comprehensive laboratory testing program was performed. Various traffic and environmental parameters were controlled in the study; and from the data, mathematical models that describe the rutting characteristics of an asphalt concrete, a dense graded aggregate, and a subgrade soil were formulated. Details of the materials, equipment, and laboratory procedures were reported by Allen in a previous report. Also, the mathematical models …

Analysis Of Lost Times At Signalized Intersections, Kenneth R. Agent, Joseph D. Crabtree

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

When determining the capacity of a signalized intersection, knowledge of certain traffic parameters is necessary. The previous investigation conducted under this study dealt with an analysis of saturation flow values. The objective of this investigation was to determine appropriate values to use for lost times at signalized intersections. The lost times at the beginning and ending of the phases were analyzed, as well as lost times during the phase due to the interference of pedestrians, local buses, and opposing traffic for left turns. Factors affecting those lost time values were identified. The lost time values, along with the previously identified …

Development Of A Thickness Design System For Portland Cement Concrete Pavements, Herbert F. Southgate, James H. Havens, Robert C. Deen, Donald C. Newberry Jr.

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

This report covers the merger of criteria used in the Portland Cement Association's and MSHTO's pavement thickness design systems. The combined criteria is coupled with the principle of equal work as defined in classical physics to produce thickness design curves for portland cement concrete pavements. The thickness of portland cement concrete varied by approximately 0.15 inches for the same CBR and design EAL when the thickness of crushed-stone base varied from 3 to 6 inches. Therefore, the design thickness of the portland cement concrete is relatively insensitive to changes in thickness of the crushed stone base.

Revenue Calculations Pertaining To A Change In County Local-Option Highway-User Taxes Proposed By The Indiana Association Of County Commissioners, Association Of Indiana Counties, And Indiana Association Of Cities And Towns, Herpicc

Indiana Local Technical Assistance Program (LTAP) Publications

The projected revenue values contained in this report are the product of computer programs developed by staff members of the Highway and Extension Research Project for Indiana Counties and Cities (HERPICC). In its role as provider of technical information to the state's counties and municipalities, HERPICC produced this report in response to a request from the three associations who, as representatives of local governments, proposed the changes analyzed herein. Given its status as a state agency, HERPICC'S production of this report is not intended to represent, nor should it be interpreted as, either an endorsement or a criticism of the …

H & V News

Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

Behavior Of Reinforced Fibrous Beam-Column Joints Under Cyclic Loads, Sitaram Mahadev

Theses

From exploratory research of reinforced fibrous concrete, it has been shown that fibrous concrete is potentially superior and less costly than the conventional reinforced concrete.

The testing program consisted of ten beam-column joints with half of these joints containing 1-1/2 percent hooked end fibers. The beam column joints were constructed with less hoops than a conventional seismic joint would have, according to design specifications of the American Concrete Institute Code (ACI 318-77). In studying the behavior of these beam-column joints, two loading cases were examined:

(1) critical regions whose inelastic behavior was controlled by bending, and

(2) critical regions whose …

Cold-Formed Steel Design Manual, American Iron And Steel Institute

American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Specifications, Standards, Manuals and Research Reports (1946 - present)

No abstract provided.

Design Of Automotive Structural Components Using High Strength Sheet Steels, Wei-Wen Yu, Chiravut Santaputra, M. Brad Parks

CCFSS Library (1939 - present)

INTRODUCTION In recent years, automobile manufacturers have introduced new lines of lighter vehicles for the purpose of achieving fuel economy. To construct such vehicles, formable and weldable, high strength, sheet steels with yield points ranging up to 140 ksi have been used for parts and structural components. 1.1-1.7 Because various types of newer high strength sheet steels are now available for engineers to reduce car weight and because these steels permit the use of existing production equipment with virtually no change in techniques or production rates, the design criteria for efficient and economical use of these high strength steels in …

Repetitive Load Deformation Of Cohesionless Soil, Rodney Lentz

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

Thermal Gasification Of Densified Sewage Sludge And Solid Waste, Samuel A. Vigil, George Tchobanoglous

Civil and Environmental Engineering

Disposing of sewage sludge in an economical and environmentally acceptable manner is a problem for all communities that have wastewater treatment plants , Similarly , many communities are having to dispose of increasing quantities of solid waste. These problems could be solved by co-disposal of sludge and solid waste in a common facility. This study, a condensation of the original report, presents results of an experimental program on the feasibility of gasifying densified sludge and source-separated solid waste.

The Effects Of Limited Food Availability On The Striped Bass Fishery In Lake Mead, John R. Baker, Larry J. Paulson

Publications (WR)

The original range of striped bass (Morone saxatilis) was along the Atlantic Coast. They were introduced into the lower Sacramento River in 1879 and are now also found along the Pacific Coast. A landlocked striped bass fishery was established in Santee-Cooper Reservoir, South Carolina, in 1954, and they have since been introduced into numerous other reservoirs, including Lake Havasu, Lake Mead and Lake Powell on the Colorado River. Striped bass were introduced into Lake Mead in 1969 in response to declines in the largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) fishery that occurred during the 1960s and in order to further utilize the …