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Articles 151 - 180 of 189
Full-Text Articles in Scholarship of Teaching and Learning
Re-Engineering Public Education: Developing New Technologies In Teaching And Assessment, Paul Hackett
Re-Engineering Public Education: Developing New Technologies In Teaching And Assessment, Paul Hackett
Perspectives In Learning
In the nineteen-nineties, I was principal of a middle school when the accountability issue burst into prominence in the state of Alabama in the form of norm-referenced testing as the main tool to evaluate school performance. Designed by well-meaning educators to meet the requirements of Alabama legislation, the accountability program in Alabama was developed to put some teeth into the curriculum. Schools and systems that performed poorly faced state takeover. The Alabama accountability issue was one face of a national movement predicated on the idea that the public schools in the United States have failed egregiously and that more stringent …
Traditional Versus High-Performance Cooperative Learning, Todd Applegate
Traditional Versus High-Performance Cooperative Learning, Todd Applegate
Perspectives In Learning
Through the years, millions of students have participated in some version of cooperative learning. As evidenced by the numbers of published papers, several educators have reassessed and revised their cooperative learning techniques, but perhaps very few have done more for the refinement of this form of teaching than Roger and David Johnson, professors at the University of Minnesota and founders of the Collaborative Learning Center. These two educators have been training teachers to use small groups for instructional purposes since 1966 and seem to have the most productive approach to collaborative learning. Cooperative learning has been misused or undervalued, a …
Martin Studies Bigotry, 1939-1995, James Brewbaker
Martin Studies Bigotry, 1939-1995, James Brewbaker
Perspectives In Learning
Martin's grandmother teaches Martin his superiority.
The Taylor County High School Prom Of 2003, Edward Howard
The Taylor County High School Prom Of 2003, Edward Howard
Perspectives In Learning
Deep in Georgia's agricultural heartland sits the small town of Butler. This town of only 1,900 residents is the county seat for Taylor County, which has a population of only 8,800. Butler appears as the classic example of a rural county seat in the South. Surrounding that are a few dozen pre-war brick buildings that comprise most of the businesses in town. A few pick-up trucks parked at the curb, and some people walking about at a leisurely pace complete the picture of a town where time seems to stand still. Some would say the atmosphere reminds them of the …
Guidance And Counseling Issues In South Africa's Non-Racial Schools, Joyce Hickson, Donna Pascoe
Guidance And Counseling Issues In South Africa's Non-Racial Schools, Joyce Hickson, Donna Pascoe
Perspectives In Learning
Guidance teachers and school counselors in non-racial schools in South Africa need to assess the relevance of their services for individuals from different cultures. The importance of providing relevant crosscultural guidance and counseling in school settings has been underscored by numerous empirical studies which indicate that traditional psychotherapy and counseling are often inappropriate for meeting the needs of culturally different clients. Atkinson, Morten, and Sue (1993) assert that despite recognition that cultural diversity requires multicultural rather than monocultural counseling practices, the systematic study of cross-cultural communication only took root in the late twentieth century. Only recently has the term “counseling” …
Preparing Teacher Candidates For Success In Diverse Settings, Cynthia Benator, Tina Butcher
Preparing Teacher Candidates For Success In Diverse Settings, Cynthia Benator, Tina Butcher
Perspectives In Learning
Field experiences and clinical practice are essential elements in the preparation of teacher candidates. The College of Education (COE) at Columbus State University (CSU) understands the important role these components play in the development of successful teachers. Field experiences and clinical practice must adhere to the guidelines set forth by the governing bodies that accredit educator preparation programs. They must also reflect the philosophy of the individual institution.
Six Best Practice Structures, Two Disciplines, One Instructor, James Brewbaker
Six Best Practice Structures, Two Disciplines, One Instructor, James Brewbaker
Perspectives In Learning
A common perception about teacher educators is that they preach better than they practice. Too many accomplished elementary and secondary teachers recall an education professor’s tedious class on the limitations of the lecture—delivered, sad to say, in a traditional lecture format. Too many accomplished teachers recall courses in which learning was measured solely through pencil-and-paper, short-answer recognition-and-recall tests that promoted cramming, test taking, and, too soon thereafter, forgetting the material in question. Too many accomplished teachers learned their craft in spite of faculty who were anything but pedagogical role models.
Teaching Culture In The Foreign Language Classroom, Jose' Villavicencio
Teaching Culture In The Foreign Language Classroom, Jose' Villavicencio
Perspectives In Learning
The United States is going through great demographic changes in the diversity of its population that does not only include ethnic and racial diversity but, also, linguistic diversity. People with limited English proficiency are entering schools in greater numbers. (Gollnick & Chinn, 2002). These demographic changes require that the schools prepare citizens who are knowledgeable of other cultures, who are more accepting of cultural differences, and who can communicate with people of different backgrounds (Cushner, McClelland, & Safford, 2003). In agreement with the above proposition, the foreign language national standards suggest the need to develop citizens with cultural understanding and …
Discipline Based Art Education: One Classroom Approach, Ashley Byrd Kittrell
Discipline Based Art Education: One Classroom Approach, Ashley Byrd Kittrell
Perspectives In Learning
In many school districts across the country, the arts are no longer confined to a room in the far wing where students draw, paint, and, if they are lucky, make some pottery or jewelry. Instead, art is front and center in every subject taught in the classroom thanks to the teachings and research of Dwaine W. Greer, director of the Getty Institute for Educators on the Visual Arts. Known as Discipline Based Art Education (DBAE), this concept is being developed and implemented in schools all across the nation. DBAE treats art as an actual subject for study, rather than as …
Education In Costa Rica: Best Practices And Beyond, Trey Fitch
Education In Costa Rica: Best Practices And Beyond, Trey Fitch
Perspectives In Learning
Costa Rica is considered to be the most developed of the Central American countries because it has a relatively high Gross Domestic Product per capita as well as best indicators of life expectancy at birth, infant mortality rate, and adult literacy rate (United Nations Development Program, 1999). Much of this success has been attributed to its progressive education system. Costa Rica is one of the few countries in the world to exist without a national military system, consequently, more money can be diverted into educational programs. The adult literacy rate is near 95% and rivals the United States where the …
Story-Based Foreign Language Learning, Jose' Villavicencio
Story-Based Foreign Language Learning, Jose' Villavicencio
Perspectives In Learning
Foreign language education has transitioned from a grammar-based approach, with an emphasis on form, to a communication-based approach, with an emphasis on meaning (Brown, & Vidal, 2001). Although both approaches are philosophically juxtaposed, the knowledge of grammar is required to accurately communicate in the target language. This review will clarify the distinctions between programs based on meaning and form, and then show that story-based learning improves the teaching of grammar as well as the learning of the target language. Story-based learning bridges meaning and form instruction by contextualizing both. This approach, known as “Language Arts” in English education, has surfaced …
Beyond Diversity: An Academic Infusion Model (A.I.M.) Of Multicultural Teacher Education, Rita Mitchell, Bonita Williams, Paulina Kuforiji
Beyond Diversity: An Academic Infusion Model (A.I.M.) Of Multicultural Teacher Education, Rita Mitchell, Bonita Williams, Paulina Kuforiji
Perspectives In Learning
Teacher Education Programs provide the knowledge, skills and experience that enable pre-service teachers to become effective educators. Multicultural Education should be a significant part of the academic foundation for preservice education programs. This article examines the rationale for the utilization of the Academic Infusion Model (A.I.M.) of Multicultural Education in Teacher Education Programs. Teachers are ultimately responsible for establishing and maintaining an educational environment where students are provided opportunities to develop to their full potential. Therefore teacher quality is the most important factor in considering the effectiveness of a school. Educational administrators are faced with the responsibility of hiring qualified …
Equine Assisted Therapy, Kristie Luckett, Cindy Witsell
Equine Assisted Therapy, Kristie Luckett, Cindy Witsell
Perspectives In Learning
Equine Assisted Therapy (EAP) is a unique, intensive, short-term approach to helping individuals with various mental health concerns. This article will explain what EAP is, what is needed in order to conduct an EAP therapy session, provide a case study to demonstrate how EAP has been and can be utilized in practice, and finally, list the strengths of EAP. The information contained in this article is based on information provided by a therapist experienced in utilizing Equine Assisted Therapy.
Understanding And Responding To The Needs Of Nontraditional College Students, Joyce Hickson
Understanding And Responding To The Needs Of Nontraditional College Students, Joyce Hickson
Perspectives In Learning
The statistical profile of today’s American college student indicates that this sector is overwhelmingly “nontraditional”. The nontraditional student possesses at least one or more of the following characteristics: married; a parent; 25 years or older; returning to college after having been out of school for a number of years; financially independent from parents; attending school on a part-time basis (U. S. Department of Education, 2002). According to the Columbus State University Fall, 2002 Enrollment Report (Wallman, 2002) the average age of undergraduate students is 25 years, while the graduate student mean age is 37 years. Additionally, large numbers of CSU …
An Academy For The Development Of Transformational Leaders, Roger Hatcher
An Academy For The Development Of Transformational Leaders, Roger Hatcher
Perspectives In Learning
The Summer of 2002 ushered in an important training model for aspiring local school leaders. Through a joint partnership funded by the Muscogee County School District, Columbus State University began this training with a cohort of twenty-four leadership candidates chosen by the school system. The mission of this newly formed leadership academy was to develop transformational leaders who would possess the knowledge, the performance skills and the dispositions vital to create and foster positive cultures of learning for all students.
Metaphor: A Counselor's Tool For Change, Kenyada Owens
Metaphor: A Counselor's Tool For Change, Kenyada Owens
Perspectives In Learning
Counseling and metaphors encompass the process of change and action through language and dialogue. According to Gareth Morgan (2002), “Images and metaphors are not only interpretive constructs or ways of seeing, they also provide frameworks for action. Their use creates insights that often allow us to act in ways that we may not have thought possible before” (p. 1). Metaphors, from the counseling perspective, can serve as a vehicle for implementing change. Whether directly or indirectly, clients seek the help of therapeutic professionals with the intent of initiating some form of growth or change. Although the process of transformation is …
Edison Schools In Bibb County, Georgia, Amy P. Fouse
Edison Schools In Bibb County, Georgia, Amy P. Fouse
Perspectives In Learning
In March of 1999, the Bibb County Board of Education made a controversial decision to hire private, for profit Edison Schools to run two of its low-performing elementary schools. Parents of nine Bibb County elementary schools were given the option to adopt this corporation and contract them to run their schools (Cass, 1999). Of the nine elementary schools, Riley Elementary and King Elementary chose the program. Investigation of The Edison Project was initiated by Superintendent Dr. Gene Buinger in 1998. Less than one year later, and after many heated debates, a five-year contract was signed to pay Edison “roughly $1 …
Evolving Practices In Art Education, Todd Applegate, Kristen Evans
Evolving Practices In Art Education, Todd Applegate, Kristen Evans
Perspectives In Learning
More than 100 years ago, university-dominated educational commissions began ascribing a priority to school subjects in primary and secondary education. In defining the roles and purposes of the modern secondary school, educators struggled with how best to determine the relative importance of individual school subjects. In 1894, Harvard president Charles Eliot led the Committee of Ten on Secondary School Studies, established by the NEA to recommend that all secondary school students study a common curriculum focusing on sciences, history, reading, writing and arithmetic. Art and music were eventually placed in positions of curricular inferiority.
Evolution Vs. Creationism: Separation Of State And Religion In The Science Classroom, Linda Lenhard
Evolution Vs. Creationism: Separation Of State And Religion In The Science Classroom, Linda Lenhard
Perspectives In Learning
The U.S. Supreme Court in 1987 stated that creationism is a form of religion and thus was not to be taught in a public school (CBSNEWS.com, 2002; Holden, 2002). Since that ruling at least four court cases have reiterated that public schools are under mandate to teach evolution as the science of the origin of man. However, the continuing debate and legal maneuvering indicate that the fight between those who favor the decision and those who support teaching creationism is far from over (Matsumura, 2002). Intelligent design, or the teaching that living things are too complex to have occurred through …
Considering The Possible Elimination Of Foreign Language As A Requirement For A Georgia High School College-Prep Diploma, Kay Agnew
Perspectives In Learning
The front page headline informed readers of the Atlanta Journal- Constitution (AJC) that an education initiative of serious importance was under consideration: “Adios, francais? Maybe in Georgia school board may end language requirement” (Salzer, Sept. 2002). This proposal before the state Board of Education became the source of tremendous controversy. It was reported that the Board was interested in exchanging the required two years of language for four years in both science and math. Salzer (Sept. 2002) wrote that Cathy Henson, chairwoman of the state Board of Education, was in favor of the change as many students have trouble earning …
End Of Course Testing In Georgia High Schools, Miriam Lang
End Of Course Testing In Georgia High Schools, Miriam Lang
Perspectives In Learning
The requirement for end-of-course testing to replace Georgia's current high school graduation test surfaced on January 30, 1999, when Representatives Porter, Jamieson, Taylor, Ashe, and O'Neal co-sponsored House Bill 308. This bill amended the Quality Basic Education Act to require that secondary school students pass end-of-course tests in order to receive credit for Algebra I, American and Georgia Government, American history, American literature, Biology I, Chemistry I, Geometry, and Writing and Composition. According to this bill, the "State Board of Education no later than July 1, 2000, would be required to adopt end-of-course assessment instruments ... and shall establish a …
Philosophy And Staff Editorial Board
Serious Mental Illness And The Family: How Can Mental Health Professionals Help?, Cynthia Pattillo
Serious Mental Illness And The Family: How Can Mental Health Professionals Help?, Cynthia Pattillo
Perspectives In Learning
When a loved one is diagnosed with serious mental illness (Schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorder, Schizoaffective Disorder, or Major Depression) family members are faced with new challenges. The family must provide support, act as an advocate with treatment providers, tolerate unpredictable and unusual behaviors, and, in some cases, involve the legal system to achieve inpatient hospitalization or mandate treatment. The family must also grieve for the losses caused by the illness: loss of goals and dreams, loss of abilities, loss of health. Unfortunately, the family must also cope with the stigma of mental illness. Despite evidence to the contrary, our society continues …
Self-Selected Vs. Assigned Writing Topics: The Effects Topics Have On First Graders' Writing Performance, Kelia P. Buchanan
Self-Selected Vs. Assigned Writing Topics: The Effects Topics Have On First Graders' Writing Performance, Kelia P. Buchanan
Perspectives In Learning
When asked about early writing experiences in school, many adults have memories of writing papers on topics such as “What I Want to Learn in School This Year” or “My Favorite Trip.” The teacher probably thought that if the topic was of interest to her students, they would become motivated to write. In essence, the purpose for writing most often comes from the teacher, and not the students. Rarely are students allowed to choose their own topics for writing assignments. The focus of writing instruction is usually, therefore, is teacher-centered rather than child-centered. It has historically been the child's task …
Charlotte Danielson's Enhancing Professional Practice: A Framework For Teaching, Norm Felland
Charlotte Danielson's Enhancing Professional Practice: A Framework For Teaching, Norm Felland
Perspectives In Learning
Charlotte Danielson’s Enhancing Professional Practice: A Framework for Teaching, published by the Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development in 1996, evolved from the Educational Testing Service PRAXIS 111 and is based on the PRAXIS 1111 criteria, augmented to apply to experienced as well as novice teachers and used for purposes beyond licensing of beginning teachers (Danielson, Preface x). The Danielson Framework consists of four domains attributed to teaching activities and responsibilities: Planning and Preparation, the Classroom Environment, Instruction, and Professional Responsibilities. These four domains are clarified through twenty-two components; each component is defined by two or more elements that identify …
Teacher Education And Teacher Training In China, Chen Xiaoduan
Teacher Education And Teacher Training In China, Chen Xiaoduan
Perspectives In Learning
Like other countries, Teacher Education is very important in Chinese education. It involves the great task to foster teachers for all levels of Chinese education. Since 1978 when China opened her door to reform, great changes have taken place in many aspects of Teacher Education. Government officials more often recognize that we must train good teachers to fostering good students. Only excellent teachers can educate excellent students. Teachers are being asked to improve their knowledge and skills. We are committed to reform the old system of teacher education and teacher training so that it can foster better teachers for our …
Philosophy And Staff Editorial Board
E-Mail Response Journals As A Tool For Facilitating Critical Reflection Of Diversity Issues, Virginia E. Causey
E-Mail Response Journals As A Tool For Facilitating Critical Reflection Of Diversity Issues, Virginia E. Causey
Perspectives In Learning
Teacher educators face a daunting task. As school populations diversify (Hill, 1989; Protheroe and Barsdate, 1991), the demographic trend among preservice teachers is toward more homogeneity (Cuellar and Huling-Austin, 1991; Jordan, 1995; Zimpher and Ashbum, 1989). In addition, these predominantly White, middle-class college students enter teacher education with limited experiences with persons from another ethnicity or social class (Banks, 1991; Finney and Orr, 1995; Garcia, 1993; Grant, 1991; Irvine, 1990 and 1992; Jordan, 1995; Ladson-Billings, 1991; Zimpher and Ashburn, 1989). These largely monocultural prospective teachers need structured opportunities to confront and reflect upon critical issues related to diversity. Electronic mail …