Health and Physical Education Commons^™

Acute Blood Pressure Responses To Static And Dynamic Exercise: Racial Differences, Reuben Leon Wright

Theses and Dissertations in Urban Services - Urban Education

African Americans have a higher incidence of hypertension than other racial groups. Furthermore, some research suggests that normotensive individuals who exhibit exaggerated blood pressure (BP) responses to exercise may be at risk for future hypertension. This study sought to determine if normotensive African Americans exhibited exaggerated BP responses to static exercise or dynamic exercise relative to Caucasian Americans and Asian Americans. Thirty normotensive subjects participated from each of the three racial groups (15 males and 15 females). Subjects held 30% of maximal voluntary contraction (right knee extension) for 3 minutes, and BP was recorded during the third minute. On a …

The Relationship Between Upper Body Strength And Standard Fitness Assessments In Elementary School Children, Nina G. Carter

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

This study examined the correlation of four measures of upper body strength (traditional pull-up, modified pull-up, flexed-arm hang, and push-ups), currently being used in physical fitness test batteries, as well as a grip strength test. Seventy-one male (mean ± SD: age 10.6 years ± 6.9 months) and 68 female (age 10.6 years ± 7.6 months) subjects enrolled in the fourth or fifth grade participated in the study. The testing took place during the subjects normal physical education class with two tests being given each class period. All testing as well as height and weight measures were completed in a three …

The Effects Of Aerobic Exercise On State And Trait Body Image And Physical Fitness Among College Women, Sherri L. Hensley

Theses and Dissertations in Urban Services - Urban Education

Cumulative evidence shows body dissatisfaction is a salient problem among women, and is linked to various psychological disorders and disturbances. While numerous perspectives regarding the negative body-image phenomenon exist, one area of scientific inquiry is the relationship between physical exercise and body image. With the current sociocultural emphasis on physical fitness and attractiveness, the effects of exercise on body image warrants serious consideration. The present investigation compared 57 women who participated in a 13-week aerobic exercise program to 29 sedentary control women on the following variables: state and trait body image, cardiorespiratory fitness, and body composition. The exercising women were …

The Effects Of Athletic Participation On Self-Concept, Daily School Attendance, And Grade Point Average Of Female Seventh-Grade Students In Urban Schools, David L. Olah

Theses and Dissertations in Urban Services - Urban Education

This study examined the effects of athletic participation on self-concept, daily school attendance, and grade point average on 503 seventh grade students in urban middle schools. A 2 x 3 factorial MANOVA analyzed self-concept data to determine differences in self-concept associated with the levels of athletic participation with that of pre- and post-treatment test periods. Tukey's post hoc tests were incorporated when a significant F ratio was demonstrated (p< 0.05). Significant differences were noted in four areas of self-concept as defined by Piers-Harris (1984): (1) intellectual and school status (Tukey, p< 0.05), (2) physical appearance and attributes (Tukey, p< 0.05), (3) anxiety (Tukey, p< 0.05), and (4) popularity (Tukey, p< 0.05). No significant differences were noted in three areas of self-concept: (1) behavior, (2) happiness and satisfaction, and (3) self-concept total.

A 3 x 3 factorial ANOVA demonstrated statistical differences in daily school attendance between female students participating in interscholastic athletics with female students not participating in interscholastic athletics. Daily school attendance …

The Contribution Of Selected Cognitive And Noncognitive Variables To The Academic Success Of Medical Technology Students, Mildred Keels Fuller

Health Services Research Dissertations

The research problem for this study assessed the relationship of cognitive and noncognitive variables to the academic success of African-American versus Caucasian medical technology students attending traditionally black institutions versus majority institutions. Academic success was defined as cumulative grade point average, cumulative clinical practica grades, and graduation status. The cognitive variable was the preclinical cumulative grade point average, and the noncognitive variables were the noncognitive subscale scores.

Seventy-five senior medical technology students provided demographic data, and completed the Noncognitive Questionnaire (Tracey & Sedlacek, 1984) that assessed eight noncognitive dimensions: positive self-concept; realistic self-appraisal: understands and deals with racism; prefers long-range …

The Effect Of Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Education Program On Knowledge, Attitudes And Sexual Behavior Of Selected College Students, Arlene Jaine Jackson Montgomery

Health Services Research Dissertations

The problem studied in this investigation was whether a behaviorally focused Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Program affects the knowledge, sexual attitudes and sexual behavior of college students.

Three hundred and six first-and third-year college students were included in the study from one university located in Southeastern Virginia. The sample was predominately female, African-American and mainly between the ages of 16-22 years of age.

Freshmen students were presently enrolled in the institution's HIV/AIDS education program, which was a part of a required course. The class sessions consisted of a pretest prior to student's completing the reading assignment …

A Comparison Of The Effectiveness Of Two Types Of Clinical Instruction On Selected Variables Among Urban Baccalaureate Nursing Students, Janice Parks Hylton

Health Services Research Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to provide baseline data regarding student perceptions of bureaucratic, professional, and service values and of instructors/preceptors as role models for each model of clinical supervision, traditional versus preceptored. A non-probability, convenience sample included 113 baccalaureate nursing students from two accredited programs in an urban area. Two instruments were used to identify student perceptions of bureaucratic, professional, and service values and of instructors/preceptors as role models. The results of the questionnaires revealed no significant differences between the students' perceptions of bureaucratic and service values and perceptions of instructors/preceptors as role models, Students' perceptions of professional …

The Relationship Of Educational Attainment And Socioeconomic Factors In The Health Behaviors Of An Urban Population, George C. Maihafer

Theses and Dissertations in Urban Services - Urban Education

The purpose of this study was two fold: 1) to investigate the effects that level of educational attainment and income have on the health behaviors of an urban population, and 2) to examine the effects the level of motivation and selected demographic characteristics (e.g., age, race, gender) have on the study sample's perceived satisfaction with the medical encounter. Based on the findings of the study, a model community health education program was proposed. The study sample was comprised of 150 volunteers seeking health care for chronic conditions at a family practice clinic. The Krantz Health Opinion Survey (HOS) measured the …

The Effects Of Wellness Activity Choices On Urban Employees' Psychological Mood States And Job Satisfaction, Ruth Porter Holland

Theses and Dissertations in Urban Services - Urban Education

This ex-post-facto study was designed to examine the effects of varied levels of physical activity participation choices on employees' mood states and job satisfaction. A six (group) x two (sex) x three (times) ANCOVA method analyzed the relationship of three independent variables (group, sex and repeated exercise sessions) to ten dependent psychological measures (seven mood states and three job satisfaction components). Comparisons by group, sex, and time were made to determine whether four treatment groups of male and female employees who made choices to participate in varied levels of physical activity over an eight week period differed significantly from two …

History And Analysis Of Food Guides In The United States, Barbara B. Carlson

Health Services Research Dissertations

This work elucidates the development of nutrient-based dietary standards in the United States from the original energy and protein-based standards proposed by Atwater in 1894 to the micronutrient-based Recommended Dietary Allowances revised by the National Research Council in 1989. This qualitative historical research chronicles the development and subsequent revisions of nutrient-based food guides and food guidance models issued in the United States between 1916 and 1991. A literature search of historical food guides, research, and review papers from the fields of nutrition science and education, dietetics, and health science provided primary sources of information for the history. A literature search …

An Assessment Of The Characteristics And Attrition Rates Of Physical Therapist Assistant Educational Programs, Pamela Ann Bayliss

Community & Environmental Health Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to determine the student attrition rate in physical therapist assistant programs accredited by the American Physical Therapy Association (APTA) at the time of the study and to identify factors which may affect student attrition. The survey instrument was designed to gather data on student attrition rates for the classes which graduated in 1984, 1985, and 1986 and on program characteristics such as admission policies and curricular requirements. The mean student attrition rates were 32%, 28.6%, and 26.4% in 1984, 1985 and 1986, respectively. There were no significant differences identified via Chi Square (p

An Analysis Of Selected Family Life Education Curricula, Phoebe Terry Butler

Community & Environmental Health Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to examine the content of family life education curricula in Virginia's public schools and determine its appropriateness for the mentally handicapped students. It was the intent of this study to determine if existing curricula were designed to address the needs of mentally handicapped students according to a standard curricula designed by the American Association for Health, Physical Education and Recreation and the Sex Information and Education Council of the United States. The 15 participants of this study were selected from a random sample of 69. The response rate was 20.2%.

A letter soliciting family …

The Status Of Co-Recreational Intramural Sports In 1984 At American Colleges And Universities, Thomas M. Roberts

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to investigate the current status of intramural sports programs at four year American colleges and universities. Intramural Directors from 329 institutions were randomly selected from the 1984 National Intramural Recreational Sports Association Directory to complete and return a thirteen item questionnaire.

A computerized statistical procedure, SPSS, was used in the statistical analysis. The results were analyzed through the use of comparisons, and percentages. The data were acquired from questionnaires returned by 185 of the Intramural Directors selected.

The conclusions may be utilized by recreational sports administrators to evaluate the components of their existing co-recreational …

The Effects Of Training In Safe Manual Handling On The Patient Lifting Techniques Of Nursing Personnel, Bruce Paul Klein

Theses and Dissertations in Urban Services - Urban Education

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of training on the patient handling methods of nursing personnel. The study sought (1) to determine the effect of three class variables (Group, Session and Task) on behavioral performance, (2) to assess the influence of twelve organismic variables on behavioral performance, and (3) to determine the relationship between written exam scores and trainee behavioral performance.

Test and control groups were comprised of twelve and twenty-eight subjects, respectively. Behavioral performance in four specified tasks was determined via direct observation of individual subjects by trained observers using specific, dichotomously-measured behavioral criteria. Performance …

A Comparison Of Parenting Profiles Of Adolescent Mothers, Willar F. White-Parson

Theses and Dissertations in Urban Services - Urban Education

Statement of Problem. How do parenting profiles of adolescent mothers who attended an alternative school for pregnant students compare with adolescent mothers who did not attend this school?

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to compare the parenting perceptions of adolescent mothers who attended an alternative school for pregnant students and adolescent mothers who did not attend this school.

Procedure and Methods. The sample for this quasi-experimental study consisted of twenty volunteers who were enrolled in an alternative school and twenty volunteers who were admitted to a general hospital in Norfolk, Virginia. The school samples was the experimental group …

An Analysis Of A Sample Of Parents And University Freshmen In Regard To Their Attitudes Toward The Needs Of Sex Education In Community Schools, Linda C. Aleksa

Community & Environmental Health Theses & Dissertations

This study attempted to investigate a sample of both parents' and college freshmens' attitudes toward sex education, and the content and timing of sex education in the Tidewater schools. Two Likert-type scales each containing ten statements were administered in order to survey attitudes. A statistically significant difference was found in scores on the attitude toward content and timing of sex education scale between parents and college freshmen. Parents demonstrated a more favorable attitude toward sex education as an integral component of the overall educational curriculum. The majority of parents indicated support for including important aspects such as reproduction and indicated …

The Effect Of A Movement Education Program On Self Concept Among First Grade Children, Rosemarie Zumbo Tyree

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

No abstract.

Attitudes Of Students In Selected Virginia Colleges And Universities Related To Death And Dying, Jacqueline J. Rochele

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to determine the attitudes toward death and dying of college students in selected colleges and universi­ties in Virginia. The purpose was to identify attitudinal differences relating to the characteristics of sex, race, age, religious preference, degree of religiosity, socio-economic area, income level, marital status, political viewpoints, imminent personal death, and personal death experience.

The Complete Inventory Price Death Attitude Scale was administered to 886 college students during the 1979-80 academic school year. Data were statistically analyzed by the Discriminant Analysis Technique and the Cattell Coefficient of Profile Similarity.

Data were analyzed in terms of …

Proposed Rule Changes In College Basketball, Joey Caruthers

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to survey the opinions of head basketball coaches of colleges and universities throughout the United States and Canada relative to proposed rule changes in college basketball. Methodology involved construction of a ten item questionnaire dealing with proposed rule changes; a five item Liekert Scale was utilized for measure­ment of responses. The college classifications included divisions I, II, and III of the National Collegiate Athletic Association, the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics and the Canadian College Athletic Association. The total population of college head coaches surveyed was 1,222; there were 842 returns. The overall response …

An Investigation Of Grading Procedures For Secondary School Physical Education Classes In Selected Virginia School Districts, Ellen V. Parker

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to investigate the grading pro­cedures used for secondary school physical education classes in selected Virginia school districts.

A questionnaire was sent to one hundred and sixty-one physical education teachers who were listed as members of the Virginia Association For Health, Physical Education and Recreation. One hundred and seventeen questionnaires (72.5 percent) were returned.

The authors of recent literature in grading practices point out that teachers base course grades on dressing out in gym uniform, skill, effort, participation, and written tests. The data gathered in this study reflect a similar situation in Virginia schools.

Effects …

A Dynamic Test For Comparison Of Rebound Characteristics Of Three Brands Of Tennis Balls, Kenneth Talmadge Rand Jr.

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to compare Dunlop, Spalding and Wilson pressurized tennis balls for rebound when fatigued at trial intervals of 0, 800, 1,600, 2,400, 3,200 and 4,000 bounce impacts.

Eighteen yellow tennis balls, six each from Wilson, Dunlop and Spalding pressurized tennis cans were equally divided and randomly placed in a control or experimental group. The control group was not subjected to any fatigue. The experimental group was fatigued by use of a Lobster tennis ball firing machine. Both groups were filmed with a camera and strobe light assembly after each fatigue interval. The experiment was designed …

The History Of Men's Intercollegiate Swimming At Old Dominion University 1936-1975, William B. Baylor Jr.

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

In this paper I have undertaken the task of compiling a history of the men's intercollegiate swimming teams of Old Dominion University. Swimming has been and still is a poorly publicized varsity sport at Old Dominion University. The many hours of grueling practice the swimmers endure and the fine individual efforts put forth in the meets are seldom topics on campus or in the community. As a swimmer for four years at Old Dominion University I was always disturbed by the apathy toward intercollegiate swimming. I feel as though the swimmers past, present, and future deserve some recognition and I …

A Comparison Of The Effectiveness Of Three Different Teaching Methods Upon The Learning Of Beginning Badminton Skills, Helen H. Tedder

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this investigation was to compare the effectiveness of the traditional (T.), programmed with loop films to present skills (P.), and traditional with the Video Tape Recorder (V.T.R.) methods of instruction upon learning and retention of beginning badminton skills. Three beginning coed badminton classes at Old Dominion University were randomly assigned to one of the three treatments. A pre-test measuring skills by means of the Stalter wall volley test, French clear test and French short serve test at the beginning of instruction, a post-test measuring skills by the same three tests and a retention-test consisting of the same …

A Comparison Of The Perceptual And Motor Abilities Of Learning Disabled And Normal Students At Ages Eleven And Twelve, Rachel Adams Thompson

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

No abstract.

The Relationship Between Physical Fitness And Intelligence Quotient In Boys Enrolled At Rosemont Junior High School, James Jack Vanacore

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

No abstract.