Education Commons^™

Ec91-1773 Deer Damage Control In Nebraska, Scott E. Hygnstrom, Bill Baxter

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Nebraskans are fortunate to have two species of deer in the state — the white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and the mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus). They are beautiful and fascinating animals that provide many aesthetic and recreational benefits. They can however, cause problems when they damage agricultural crops, trees and backyard plantings.

This extension circular covers the methods of reducing deer damage through herd management (legal harvest, shooting permits, and live removal), deer fencing, repellents, and scare devices.

Ec91-1767 Windbreaks For Rural Living, James R. Brandle, Teresa K. Boes, Bruce Wight

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

In many parts of the United States, the constant force of the wind exaggerates daily weather conditions and can make living in these areas seem unbearable. A well-designed windbreak around the home, ranch, or farmstead slows the wind and improves the overall environment. Farm and ranch windbreaks conserve energy, provide snow control, improve working and recreational environments, enhance wildlife populations, provide visual screening and dust control, and increase the production of various wood and food products.

Ranch and farmstead windbreaks provide the greatest benefits in areas with high winds, large amounts of snow, extreme temperature fluctuations, or minimal natural forest …

Ec91-1764 Windbreak Establishment, James R. Brandle, Patricia Boehner, Sherman Finch

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

successful windbreak planting depends on proper establishment and care during the first few years after planting. Time spent in site preparation, weed control, and replanting is repaid many times during the lifetime of the windbreak. Take no shortcuts in the planning and establishment of your windbreak.

Windbreaks are investments in the future value of your property. Each windbreak system is unique and your windbreak should be designed for your site and objectives. Your local conservation office can provide help in designing and installing your windbreak. These organizations can also help with recommendations on where to buy planting stock and how …

Ec91-1771 Windbreaks And Wildlife, Ron J. Johnson, James R. Brandle, Mary M. Beck

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Windbreaks can support wildlife that add beauty and pleasure to our lives. They also sustain birds that eat insect pests, improve hunting opportunities, and provide a focal point for family outdoor activities. The world around us would be less appealing without the stimulation--the color, sounds, tracks, and mystery--of wild creatures; windbreaks help wildlife and in some areas are essential to survival of the wildlife we enjoy. You can add wildlife benefits to windbreak plantings whether your main goal is to shelter crops, livestock, roads, or a home or farmstead. This publication provides an overview of windbreaks and wildlife, and gives …

G91-1036 Environmental Stresses And Tree Health, Jon S. Wilson, Mark O. Harrell

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide is intended to help tree owners identify tree health problems caused by environmental factors, and ways to prevent or reduce damage.

Environmental stresses cause many health problems of Nebraska trees. Hot and cold temperatures, drying winds, poor soil and root conditions and man's activities can cause direct damage to leaves, bark and roots, and can predispose trees to secondary insect and disease attack. Maintaining a tree in good condition through proper maintenance can prevent many environmentally related health problems.

G91-1035 Tree Injuries -- Prevention And Care (Revised July 2002), Dave Mooter, Mike Kuhns

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

It takes proper care and maintenance to keep trees healthy and safe. This is a guide toward that objective.

It has been said that a tree is not planted until it has been in the ground five years. This is especially true in Nebraska, where trees are sometimes difficult to grow.

Ec91-1556 Subterranean Termites And Their Control, Shripat T. Kamble

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Termite damage to residential and commercial buildings in the U.S. costs more than $1 billion annually. Subterranean termites, the most destructive of all termite species, account for 95% of the damage. Subterranean termites occur in every state except Alaska. Two subterranean termite species, Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar) and R. tibialis Banks, are found in Nebraska. Control of these termites costs more than $1 million each year.

G91-1043 Water Runoff Control Practices For Sprinkler Irrigation Systems, William L. Kranz, David P. Shelton, Elbert C. Dickey, John A. Smith

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide describes techniques to help reduce water runoff from fields irrigationd with sprinkler irrigation systems.

Water runoff is often a problem associated with sprinkler irrigation systems operated on sloping terrain. Soil particles, fertilizers and pesticides can become part of runoff waters and can be moved from their target locations, causing degradation of surface water quality.

Other potential problems associated with runoff include a lack of soil moisture in localized areas of the field, crop nutrient deficiencies, washed-out seeds or plants, and increased irrigation water pumping costs.

Cc90-342 Soil Compaction...Fact And Fiction: Common Questions And Their Answers, Alice J. Jones, Robert D. Grisso, Charles A. Shapiro

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

What causes soil compaction? Compaction occurs when soil particles move closer together because of external forces exerted by humans, animals, equipment and water droplets. It can be found on the soil surface and at almost any depth. Compacting soils leads to conditions that are less than optimum for crop growth, soil water management and efficient use of agricultural chemicals.

Ec90-1762 Nut Tree Cultivars For Nebraska, William A. Gustafson Jr.

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Proper nut cultivar (variety) selection is important for successful and satisfying results from the home gardener's efforts. Selection should be determined by personal preferences, available space, and intended use of the nuts. Harvest can be spread over several weeks if cultivars with different periods of maturity are planted.

It is important that homeowners select the nut plants or cultivars best adapted for cultivation in their area of the state. This extension circular covers how to select a nut cultivar, the plant hardiness zones, horticultural regions, and length of growing season. It contains a list of all nut cultivars suited for …

G90-963 Narrow-Row Soybeans, Roger Wesley Elmore, Russell S. Moomaw, Roger Selley

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Narrow-row spacing of soybeans may be a profitable practice with modern herbicides and new lodging-resistant varieties. This NebGuide describes considerations for producing narrow-row soybeans. Early in this century crop row spacing was determined by the breadth of the animals used to work the fields. Spacing had an impact on methods of weed control and the varieties of soybeans developed. Even a decade ago row spacing was determined by tractor tire size since cultivation was required. Also, the tall varieties of soybeans lodged severely in narrow-row systems. However, the broad spectrum of herbicides now available and lodging-resistant soybean varieties have made …

G90-992 Evapotranspiration (Et) Or Crop Water Use, Norman L. Klocke, Kenneth Hubbard, William L. Kranz, Darrell G. Watts

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

What must irrigators consider in the most efficient use of water? Read on.

Irrigators in the Great Plains have two major challenges in the years ahead:

1. Maintain groundwater quality by adjusting management to minimize the leaching of agri-chemicals from the crop root zone;

2. Continue profitable production in the face of a less abundant and increasingly costly water supply.

Irrigators must learn to convert water to grain the most efficient manner possible. Applying only enough water to meet full evapotranspiration (ET) of the crop is one key to efficient water use (ET is also called crop water use.)

Ec90-268 Nebraska Beef Weaning-Yearling Worksheet

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

EC90-268, Nebraska Beef Weaning-Yearling Worksheet helps farmers and ranchers keep track of details on a an animal's performance through a given year.

Ec90-267 Nebraska Beef Sire Summary Card

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

EC90-267, Nebraska Beef Sire Record Card helps farmers and ranchers keep track of details on a sire's performance through a given year.

G89-948 Safe Operation Of Compact Tractors, Robert D. Grisso, Rollin Schnieder

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Follow these safety tips and maintenance procedures for checking, servicing and operating compact tractors to extend their life and reduce breakdowns and accidents.

Lawn and turf maintenance is easier because of modern compact tractors, but carelessness can spell trouble.

Most tractors used in grounds care can be classified into three size groups: 1) riding lawn mowers (3 to 8 horsepower) which are fitted with a mower and usually do not have other equipment or attachments that could be mounted separately; 2) lawn and garden or compact tractors (7 to 40 horsepower) that can be mounted with a variety of tools …

G89-901 Understand Your Soil Test: Sulfur, K.D. Frank, Delno Knudsen

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Factors leading to sulfur deficiency, soil and water tests, soil test interpretation and fertilizer materials that contain sulfur are covered here.

Sulfur, one of the macro-nutrients, may be deficient in some sandy soils but usually is plentiful in other soils of the state. The amounts contained by healthy crops are on the same order as phosphorus, ranging from 0.2 percent to .5 percent sulfur. It is a component of certain amino acids, and so is part of several proteins essential for plants and animals.

G89-899 Weed Control In No-Till Corn, Grain Sorghum And Soybean Production, R.S. Moomaw, Alex Martin, R.N. Stougaard, Fred Roeth, G.A. Wicks, Robert N. Klein, Paul J. Jasa

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Tips for successful no-till weed control, weed control principles for no-till row crop production, and no-till row crops planted into legume or small grain residues are covered here. Soil erosion by wind and water is a strong societal concern in our state and nation. Current estimates are that more than 100 million tons of topsoil are eroded annually in Nebraska, with 75 percent of that coming from row crop areas. Nebraska farmers have been implementing changes in their crop production practices to reduce soil erosion.

G89-908 Controlling Snake Problems Around Homes, Ron J. Johnson

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Controlling snake problems around residences is covered here. Occasionally people encounter snakes around their homes or in other places, and wonder what to do about the snakes or whether they are dangerous. In nearly all cases, these are harmless types such as garter snakes or bullsnakes. However, Nebraska does have four kinds of poisonous snakes: the prairie rattlesnake, timber rattlesnake, small rattlesnake, copperhead.

G89-923 Windbreak Maintenance And Renovation, Jon Wilson, Mike Kuhns

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

What are you doing to maintain your windbreak? Is renovation necessary? This NebGuide can help you decide.

Windbreaks are integral parts of many Nebraska farming and ranching operations. They protect man, animals, crops and buildings from cold winter winds, hot summer winds, and deep snows. Windbreaks prevent wind erosion and provide wildlife habitat.

All windbreaks, even well-designed ones, need regular maintenance. Some windbreaks, especially those that are older or neglected, may need more drastic treatment or renovation.

Ec89-1551 Nebraska Management Guide For Control Of Arthropod Pests Of Poultry And Pets: Featuring: Poultry, Dogs, Cats, Rabbits, Birds, Guinea Pigs And Gerbils, John B. Campbell

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This Extension Circular covers the precautions; insecticide formulations, application methods, recommendations for insects pests and poultry, and control recommendations for insect pests of pets. This covers poultry, dogs, cats, rabbits, birds, guinea pigs and gerbils.

G88-863 Annual Broadleaf Weed Control In Winter Wheat (Revised January 1990), Gail A. Wicks, Robert N. Klein, Alex Martin

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide discusses preventive, cultural, and chemical weed control in winter wheat. Best weed control is obtained by using a combination of these three methods. Winter and summer annual broadleaf weeds are economically important pests of Nebraska winter wheat. They reduce grain yields by competing with winter wheat for water, light and nutrients. Weeds are estimated to reduce Nebraska winter wheat yields 10 percent each year.

G88-876 Ridge Plant Systems: Equipment, Elbert C. Dickey, Paul J. Jasa, Robert N. Klein, Dean E. Eisenhauer, David P. Shelton, Bryn J. Dolesh, John A. Smith

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Ridge plant systems, ridge cleaning equipment, planter stabilizing attachments, cultivation and ridge management are discussed here. Ridge plant systems are methods of planting crops into a ridge formed during cultivation of the previous crop. Such systems combine tillage and herbicides to control weeds. Weed seed and residue lying on the soil surface are pushed from the ridge to the area between the rows by row-cleaning devices on the planter. Crop seed is planted into the old row in a cleanly tilled strip at an elevation slightly higher than the row middles. A band application of herbicide behind the planter typically …

G88-869 Daylilies, Debra Schwarze

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This guide offers hints on growing daylilies, discusses site selection, varieties, propagation and planting and plant culture.

Daylilies, members of the Liliaceae (lily family), are some of the most tolerant and popular of the garden perennials. Their range in size, color, and use means that there is a daylily for almost everyone.

Like their name Hemerocallis, "beauty for a day", the individual daylily flower lasts only one day. However, a single plant may produce over 50 flowers. This large number of flowers can extend the blooming period of a plant for several weeks. With over 10,000 cultivars available and with …

G87-834 Leafy Spurge (Revised February 1989), R.S. Moomaw, Alex Martin, R.N. Stougaard

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Identification and control of leafy spurge, a noxious weed established in about three-fourths of Nebraska's counties, is discussed here.

Leafy spurge, (Euphorbia esula L.) introduced to the United States from Eurasia in 1827, has become a troublesome weed in North Dakota, South Dakota, Wyoming, Montana and Nebraska.

Leafy spurge is found in about three-fourths of Nebraska's counties. It is most common in the state's northern and eastern areas. Leafy spurge is found primarily on untilled land such as pastures, range, roadsides, woodlands and farmsteads. Leafy spurge is a noxious weed according to the Nebraska Seed Law and the Nebraska …

G87-840 Miscellaneous General Fund Revenues In Nebraska, A.L. (Roy) Frederick

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This is one of a series of NebGuides on financing state and local government. Miscellaneous revenues supplement sales and income taxes.

Although general sales and use taxes and income taxes are the major sources of General Fund revenue for Nebraska state government, significant supplemental revenues come from "miscellaneous" sources.

G86-823 Rock Retaining Wall Construction, Richard K. Sutton, Don Steinegger

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Things to consider when constructing a rock retaining wall.

Each building site has terrain that lends itself to individualized design. Natural slopes, with changes of grade or planned changes in the overall grade may lead to more interesting and pleasing landscapes.

Straight lines or lines lending themselves to square, rectangular, or circular areas tend to develop into a formal landscape. Curved, sweeping lines are less formal and more relaxed. Home landscaping often attempts to develop an informal appearance.

A rock wall can increase the beauty of the site as well as add to the area's utility. Uneven terrain can add …

G86-802 Banvel And 2,4-D Damge To Fieldbeans And Soybeans, Roger G. Wilson, Drew J. Lyon

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide discusses the effects of Banvel and 2,4-D on soybean and fieldbean growth and yield. Banvel and 2,4-D are two herbicides commonly used for postemergence control of broadleaf weeds in corn, wheat, sorghum, pastures, and around field margins. Both herbicides can be moved off target by windy conditions at the time of spraying, or they can volatilize after spraying at temperatures above 85°F and drift off target. Fieldbeans and soybeans are both sensitive to Banvel and 2,4-D, and even rates as low as 0.001 lb/acre (1/100th of the use rate) can cause visual crop injury. The degree of crop …

G85-760 Natural Air Corn Drying, Richard O. Pierce, Thomas L. Thompson

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide discusses factors affecting natural air corn drying system performance, and gives recommendations for bins filled over a one- to two-day period.

Natural air drying is an energy efficient drying method that is particularly well suited to Nebraska weather conditions. A high quality dried product, with little of the stress cracking or heat damage associated with high temperature drying, is an added attraction. However, good management practices must be followed to achieve satisfactory drying results.

A major concern with this method is overloading the bin with corn too wet to be dried without spoilage or deterioration, especially when the …

Ec84-1510 Insect Control Guide For Beef Cattle In Nebraska, John B. Campbell

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This extension circular contains information on: precautions; insecticide formulations; and insecticide application methods (sprays, pour-ons, spot-ons, self-treatment devices, feed additives, dips, and injections). It contains a table on insecticides and the pests they target such as cattle grub, cattle lice, face fly, horn fly, mosquitoes, and stable fly. It also contains information in a table on the insecticides registered for use on beef cattle which covers the insecticide, percent active ingredient, method of application, dosage and the restrictions.

G84-737 Soybean Inoculation -- When Is It Necessary?, Roger Wesley Elmore

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide discusses when soybean seed should be inoculated and why, and provides recommendations on inoculant types to use. Soybeans can obtain up to half of their nitrogen needs from the air when nitrogen-fixing rhizobia bacteria are present in the soil. Nitrogen fixation is a result of the symbiotic (beneficial to both) relationship of rhizobia and plants. Establishing rhizobia (inoculation) in a field that has never grown soybeans is needed to insure nitrogen fixation. Reinoculation may be necessary in fields with a past history of soybeans.