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1989

University of Northern Iowa

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Articles 271 - 295 of 295

Full-Text Articles in Education

Extending The Literature Base Of A Social Studies Unit: Pioneers, Melodie Wagner Jan 1989

Extending The Literature Base Of A Social Studies Unit: Pioneers, Melodie Wagner

Graduate Research Papers

Children use their prior knowledge of language and background of experiences when they read literature selections. As they progress into the upper elementary grade levels, this knowledge and experience become increasingly important in the content areas. Since the study of history involves knowledge of past events, it is profitable for children to have the ability to generate intellectually the necessary background that is missing and to supplement and expand their knowledge beyond the covers of the textbook.

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An Analysis Of Two Instruments For Measuring Divergent Thinking In Young Children, Jill M. Uhlenberg Jan 1989

An Analysis Of Two Instruments For Measuring Divergent Thinking In Young Children, Jill M. Uhlenberg

Graduate Research Papers

For years, many educators have expressed an interest m, a concern for, and recognized a need for research in the area of creativity. Indeed, even those not associated with the field of education have shown concern for the nurturance of creativity in children. Starkweather (1971) quotes the following: "The best plaything for a child is not a splendid and complex rattletrap, but some simple and rough thing which may be applied to various uses and purposes, and aid to stimulate invention and contrivance" (Godey's Lady's Book, 1859). To study creativity, then, educators must integrate creativity theory and testing with child …

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Extending The Literature Base Of A Social Studies Unit Through Folk Literature, Jerry Heck Jan 1989

Extending The Literature Base Of A Social Studies Unit Through Folk Literature, Jerry Heck

Graduate Research Papers

For thousands of years humans have tried to explain themselves and their world. What made lightning flash? Where did the wind come from? Who made the first humans? Why are people different? Today there are conclusions from scientific studies to answer these questions. In earlier times, people lacked the research tools to study their world, so they created stories to pursue meaning. These stories were told and retold taking their form from the common human need to explain their existence. As a result, a body of oral literature, known as folk literature, evolved.

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Toward A Whole Language Approach In A Middle School Classroom, Shirley A. Kirby Jan 1989

Toward A Whole Language Approach In A Middle School Classroom, Shirley A. Kirby

Graduate Research Papers

"I like reading. I just don't like reading class." How many middle school reading teachers have heard these thoughts expressed by students? If teachers become less enthusiastic each year as they plod through the basal, page by page, skill sheet by skill sheet, is it any wonder that students have trouble generating an interest in reading? Many students have a misconception of reading; they perceive reading as the basal text and the workbook that accompanies it. They have not discovered that reading is the process of constructing meaning from the printed page in order to gain knowledge and enjoyment.

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Astronomy Bulletin - The 1989-90 Winter Sky, P. Steven Leiker, Thomas A. Hockey Jan 1989

Astronomy Bulletin - The 1989-90 Winter Sky, P. Steven Leiker, Thomas A. Hockey

Iowa Science Teachers Journal

No abstract provided.

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Astronomy Resources, Thomas Hockey Jan 1989

Astronomy Resources, Thomas Hockey

Iowa Science Teachers Journal

The scale of the solar system is often demonstrated by having students stand at appropriate distances away from one another in order to represent the planets' average distances from the Sun. At any practical representative scale, however, the physical diameters of the planets cannot be shown at the same time.

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Astronomy News & Resources, P. Steven Leiker, Thomas A. Hockey Jan 1989

Astronomy News & Resources, P. Steven Leiker, Thomas A. Hockey

Iowa Science Teachers Journal

Most of us have at one time or another in our lives seen a meteor, or "shooting star," on a clear night. This phenomenon usually appears as a brief streak of light in the sky. A meteor occurs when a tiny meteoroid intercepts the Earth's atmosphere and meets a fiery destruction due to the tremendous friction it encounters.

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Astronomy Resources, P. Steven Leiker, Thomas A. Hockey Jan 1989

Astronomy Resources, P. Steven Leiker, Thomas A. Hockey

Iowa Science Teachers Journal

"The locus of points such that the sum of the distances between each point and two other fixed focii is constant." This definition of the ellipse, that figure from geometry so important to the understanding planetary and stellar orbits, may be familiar, yet it often remains confusing. We find that creating an ellipse in front of a class as we discuss its features helps to clarify this mathematical definition.

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Astronomy News, P. Steven Leiker, Thomas A. Hockey Jan 1989

Astronomy News, P. Steven Leiker, Thomas A. Hockey

Iowa Science Teachers Journal

On September 30, 1989, astronomers from across the state gathered in Ames to attend the Iowa Astronomy Convention. Sponsored by state astronomy organizations, the convention brought together astronomy professionals, teachers and hobbyists for the first of what is intended to be an annual event.

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Professional Status Of Talented And Gifted Education Teachers/Coordinators In The State Of Iowa, 1988-89, Janice Elaine Blockhus Jan 1989

Professional Status Of Talented And Gifted Education Teachers/Coordinators In The State Of Iowa, 1988-89, Janice Elaine Blockhus

Graduate Research Papers

Since 1983, when The National Commission on Excellence in Education (1984) presented its report, A Nation at Risk, educators in the United States have been involved in widespread reform to improve American public education. By 1987 the Commission reported that at least 40 states had increased the number of academic courses required for a high school diploma, 32 states had changed curriculum standards, and 23 states had taken steps to increase the time that students spend in learning. Mitchell (1986) reported a 350% increase in state funding of programs for gifted students since 1977, and Cross (1987) stated that 50 …

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The Association Between Athletic Participation And Academic Achievement And Aspirations, Greg Detimmerman Jan 1989

The Association Between Athletic Participation And Academic Achievement And Aspirations, Greg Detimmerman

Graduate Research Papers

Interscholastic sports have become accepted in most quarters as an intergral [sic] part of our educational system in America. It has come to be referred to as co-curricular rather than as extra-curricular and many benefits have been attributed to athletic participation. Among these are sportsmanship, discipline, cooperation, persistence, competition, character and moral development.

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The Effectiveness Of Response Interruption, Differential Reinforcement Of Other Behavior, And A Visual Cue, In The Treatment Of Self-Injurious Stereotypic Behavior, Clark Gunnell Porter Jan 1989

The Effectiveness Of Response Interruption, Differential Reinforcement Of Other Behavior, And A Visual Cue, In The Treatment Of Self-Injurious Stereotypic Behavior, Clark Gunnell Porter

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The present study investigated the effectiveness of a combined procedure involving response interruption and DRO in the treatment of self-injurious stereotypy. A visual cue was utilized to assist in generalization and the subject's behavior was monitored outside of the treatment setting. The subject was a ten year old mentally deficient female who engaged in a self-injurious stereotypy involving the picking of skin from her fingers and hands. An ABAC single-subject design was utilized and the subject's behavior was monitored in her classroom on mornings following treatment. The treatment procedure was unsuccessful in reducing the frequency of the behavior and no …

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An Analysis Of Computational Errors In The Use Of The Division Algorithm In The Fourth Grade, Teri Sue Rokusek Jan 1989

An Analysis Of Computational Errors In The Use Of The Division Algorithm In The Fourth Grade, Teri Sue Rokusek

Graduate Research Papers

Division i s considered by many teachers to be one of the most difficult skills in an elementary school mathematics curriculum (Holland, 1942). This study explored the first step of diagnostic teaching in division; identifying errors made by students. The study was specifically tailored to fourth grade students and their use of the division algorithm on the set of whole numbers. Research has shown that in the case of systematic errors, the child will continue to use the algorithm incorrectly if not corrected (Cox , 1974). Grossnickle (1936) concluded "Almost 60% of the total number of errors which will impede …

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Writing In Kindergarten, Patrice M. Schulte Jan 1989

Writing In Kindergarten, Patrice M. Schulte

Graduate Research Papers

Children's oral language development is easily recognized by observing their oral vocabulary development, use of sentence structure, and involvement in the functions of language (Wiseman, 1984). Young children's oral language development has been considered a natural aspect of growth, but their written language development has generally been overlooked and has not been considered a part of acquiring literacy. Research indicates that young children show knowledge of written language long before formal instruction begins: Young learners develop abilities necessary for reading and writing on their own, as they grow and have experiences, just as naturally as they learn to talk (Beardsley, …

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Acceleration As A Qualitatively Differentiated Educational Program For The Highly Gifted Learner: Its Positive And Negative Effects, Jann Weitzel Jan 1989

Acceleration As A Qualitatively Differentiated Educational Program For The Highly Gifted Learner: Its Positive And Negative Effects, Jann Weitzel

Graduate Research Papers

The provision of special educational opportunities for the most gifted members of our society is not a new idea. As early as the Fourth Century, B.C., Plato remarked in his Republic that society's task was "to compel the best natures" to provide education in order to ensure the survival of Greek democracy. The common good would best be served, he felt, by providing educational advantages for the most distinguished learners in order for them to eventually assume leadership positions. Such a desire for the optimum development of gifted potential has been an underlying reason for the return of the pendulum …

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Prereading Strategies And Activities To Improve Reading Comprehension In Elementary School-Aged Students, Paula Dunham Jan 1989

Prereading Strategies And Activities To Improve Reading Comprehension In Elementary School-Aged Students, Paula Dunham

Graduate Research Papers

The dominating trend in reading research in the past two decades has focused on the study of reading as a process. Basic theoretical research replaced applied research even though many federally funded projects in the area of reading called for improvement of teaching strategies. Applied research was dismissed as unimportant and theorists rushed to define, build, and verify theories of the reading process (Vacca & Vacca, 1982).

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Writing Process And Program For Second Grade, Lorene Knutson Geiselhart Jan 1989

Writing Process And Program For Second Grade, Lorene Knutson Geiselhart

Graduate Research Papers

Recently the research on children's involvement in the writing process has prompted educators to revise school programs to extend thinking-language abilities and to capitalize on the potential for personal-social development as children create meaning through writing (Murray, 1985; Graves, 1983). For this study, the writer reviewed the recent research on the development of children's composition abilities and then formulated an instructional project to facilitate writing in her second grade classroom.

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Extending The Literature Base Of A Reading Program Through Folk Literature, Ellen M. Grady-Mans Jan 1989

Extending The Literature Base Of A Reading Program Through Folk Literature, Ellen M. Grady-Mans

Graduate Research Papers

The report of the National Endowment for the Humanities (1987) stresses the need to present quality literature experiences to facilitate children's personal-social development. Literature needs to be presented as whole units in the form written by the author, not revised to facilitate the teaching of fragments through phonics instruction and to fit readability formulas. Since few basal reader series, the basis of much reading instruction today, focus on quality literature, this humanities group suggests that teachers need to take more responsibility in extending the literature base.

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Instructional Development Of Community Improvement Programs, Constance P. Hargrave Jan 1989

Instructional Development Of Community Improvement Programs, Constance P. Hargrave

Graduate Research Papers

Across the nation there exists many housing communities that have poorly maintained, run down, and/or vandalized external properties. These communities, although strongly manipulated by the amount of public monies that circulate within them, may not solely be the direct result of such economic influences. But rather, these external living conditions may be the result of a lack of education, organization, and motivation on the part of the people of these communities. This lack of education, organization, and motivation may result in the neglect and poor maintenance of external properties and grounds in such areas as: condemned housing that may be …

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Professional Training Of Library Media Personnel And The Effect On Students' Library/Research Skills, Roger A. Hop Jan 1989

Professional Training Of Library Media Personnel And The Effect On Students' Library/Research Skills, Roger A. Hop

Graduate Research Papers

We are in the midst of an era in which school systems are, out of necessity, being guided by constricting principles based on tightened budgets and increased demands for accountability. Federal and state funding of education have decreased during the last decade, general inflation and salaries have continued to rise from year to year, and the public's demands for more efficient and effective use of funds have grown louder. As a result, school programs have been evolving through an era of ever increasing critical evaluation; school boards and administrators have been searching for additional means to reduce expenses in ways …

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The Role Of Communication In The Organizational Change Process, Marilyn R. Hibbs Jan 1989

The Role Of Communication In The Organizational Change Process, Marilyn R. Hibbs

Graduate Research Papers

There is a common saying that change is one of the most certain things in life. While the saying may seem trite, it is even more applicable today than ever before. Alvin Toffler, in his book The Third Wave (1980), examines the factor of change in today's world, and points out the implications of the Information Age: The world that is fast emerging from the clash of new values and technologies, new geopolitical relationships, new life-styles and modes of communication, demands wholly new ideas and analogies, classifications and concepts. We cannot cram the embryonic world of tomorrow into yesterday's conventional …

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Punishment To Discipline: Evolution Or An Alternative Method, Gwendolyn Johnson Jan 1989

Punishment To Discipline: Evolution Or An Alternative Method, Gwendolyn Johnson

Graduate Research Papers

Walter Dick and Lou Carey (1985) wrote about the two different views of the role of the teacher. The role of the teacher is to effectively instruct students. No instructor would deny that the tools of the trade fall into the categories of preparation, presentation and evaluation. The role of the student is to learn what is being taught. Traditionally the burden of the effectiveness of this relationship has been placed on the instructor. However this view is changing because, it doesn't matter how great a subject matter expert a teacher becomes or how well they've mastered their educational technique …

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Exploring Conflict And Resolve Through Quality Children's Literature, Frances D. Kennedy Jan 1989

Exploring Conflict And Resolve Through Quality Children's Literature, Frances D. Kennedy

Graduate Research Papers

This paper explores the value of story structure in offering insights into human conflict and its resolve and in providing bounds in which children can explore these conflicts. A search for quality literature judged appropriate for the intellectual development of middle childhood (ages nine to eleven) will be conducted. The potential offered by these selected works in relating that characters create action and therefore resolve will be investigated.

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Peer Editing In Upper Elementary Classrooms, Janice Kittelson Jan 1989

Peer Editing In Upper Elementary Classrooms, Janice Kittelson

Graduate Research Papers

The purpose of this study was to determine teachers' perceptions of peer editing in upper elementary classrooms. Semi-structured interviews were the central focus of this study. Six teachers participated in the study. Two taught fourth grade, two taught fifth grade, and two taught sixth grade. Each teacher was interviewed twice. In the first round of interviews, open-ended questions were asked of the teachers. In the second round of interviews, teachers were asked to elaborate or clarify selected responses to initial questions and were asked to comment on the preliminary findings from the first round of interviews. This study produced seven …

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The University Of Choice: Social Work Students At Uni, James G. Mccullagh Jan 1989

The University Of Choice: Social Work Students At Uni, James G. Mccullagh

Faculty Publications

The study examined expressed reasons for choosing the University of Northern Iowa (UNI) by undergraduate students majoring in social work there. Responses of 205 social work majors to a questionnaire found that these students chose UNI primarily because of location; size; cost; the presence of a social work program; to get a good education; to be with their friends; and to continue a family tradition. Other findings indicated that 44% of students had attended other colleges previously; that many students considered other majors before deciding on social work; that 84% of the students had been born in Iowa; that 50% …

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