International Business Commons^™

Wage Inequality And Offshoring: Are They Related?, Koushik Ghosh, Peter J. Saunders, Thomas Tenerelli

All Faculty Scholarship for the College of Business

The objective of this paper is to investigate the impact of offs ho ring on wage inequality and labor productivity in the U.S. Short-run and long-run data tests are undertaken to analyze the relationship among off shoring, wage inequality, and labor productivity in the U.S. Cointegration tests indicate that these three variables are related in the long-run. The main contribution of this paper lies in its focus on the short-run investigation of the relationship among these three variables. This investigation is conducted using the vector error correction (VEC) testing framework. VEC tests indicate that offshoring has had a statistically significant …

Complexity, Context And Governance In Biotechnology Alliances, Anupama Phene, Stephen Tallman

Management Faculty Publications

This study explores the effect of coordination needs on alliance governance. We examine coordination needs that arise as a consequence of the characteristics and the context of the alliance. We posit that alliance characteristics and contextual factors influence alliance form and equity investment levels. We evaluate the effects of the complexity of technology transfer and strategic complexity of the alliance. We also study contextual factors, represented by the distance between the intellectual property protection regimes of the home countries of the participants, the focal firm’s prior presence in the alliance country and its primary expertise in the industry. We offer …

Diseño Y Validación De Un Modelo De Triple Hélice Para Impulsar La Innovación, El Desarrollo Tecnológico Y La Competitividad De La Micro Y Pequeña Empresa En Los Municipios De Torreón, Gómez Palacio Y Lerdo, Sylvia A. Robles Cárdenas

International Business and Entrepreneurship Faculty Publications

Existe en México una gran desvinculación entre la universidad, empresa y gobierno para alinear sus objetivos, aprovechar la acumulación de conocimiento y promover la innovación. El objetivo de este trabajo es diseñar y validar un modelo de innovación, competitividad y productividad para impulsar la micro y pequeña empresa (MYPE) lagunera a través del enfoque de Triple Hélice (TH), basado en diferentes autores (FondazioneRosselli, 1995; Leydesdorff, Yetzkowitz, 2001;) El diseño metodológico involucró una muestra representativa de 80 empresas de la Comarca Lagunera, la participación de profesores y estudiantes de la universidad Iberoamericana y el apoyo financiero de los presidentes municipales de …

Securing Access To Lower-Cost Talent Globally: The Dynamics Of Active Embedding And Field Structuration, Stephan Manning, Joerg Sydow, Arnold Windeler

Management and Marketing Faculty Publication Series

This article examines how multinational corporations (MNCs) shape institutional conditions in emerging economies to secure access to high-skilled, yet lower-cost science and engineering talent. Based on two in-depth case studies of engineering offshoring projects of German automotive suppliers in Romania and China we analyze how MNCs engage in ‘active embedding’ by aligning local institutional conditions with global offshoring strategies and operational needs. MNCs thereby contribute to the structuration of field relations and practices of sourcing knowledge-intensive work from globally dispersed locations.Our findings stress the importance of institutional processes across geographic boundaries that regulate and get shaped by MNC activities.

National Contexts Matter: The Co-Evolution Of Sustainability Standards In Global Value Chains, Stephan Manning, Frank Boons, Oliver Von Hagen, Juliane Reinecke

Management and Marketing Faculty Publication Series

In this paper, we investigate the role of key industry and other stakeholders and their embeddedness in particular national contexts in driving the proliferation and co-evolution of sustainability standards, based on the case of the global coffee industry. We find that institutional conditions and market opportunity structures in consuming countries have been important sources of standards variation, for example in the cases of Fairtrade, UTZ Certified and the Common Code for the Coffee Community (4C). In turn, supplier structures in producing countries as well as their linkages with traders and buyers targeting particular consuming countries have been key mechanisms of …

The Effect Of Advertising-Focused, Short-Term Study Abroad Programs On Students’ Worldviews, Frauke Hachtmann

College of Journalism and Mass Communications: Faculty Publications

Global employers in the advertising industry are increasingly interested in hiring students with intercultural communication skills and cultural experience. While the benefits of long-term study abroad programs are well documented, this study focuses on advertising-specific, short-term study abroad programs. The purpose was to explore the effectiveness of such programs on students’ worldviews using a mixed methods design. The results show that students displayed lower levels of ethnocentrism after participating in short-term, advertising-focused study abroad programs. In addition, five qualitative themes emerged: an awareness of and appreciation for the out-group, an increased awareness of the in-group, the importance of communication, a …

Job Satisfaction Determinants: A Study Across 48 Nations, Jeanine K. Andreassi, Leanna Lawter, Martin Brockerhoff, Peter Rutigliano

WCBT Faculty Publications

This paper examines the drivers of job satisfaction across four cultural regions—Asia, Europe, North America, and Latin America. Using Hofstede’s theory, determinants were used to predict job satisfaction for each region and then compared to determine significant differences. Data was collected from a proprietary industry survey on employee work attitudes. The sample consisted of over 70,000 employees from 4 large multinational organizations. Data was analyzed using regression analysis and comparison testing across models. There are significant relationships between job characteristics and job satisfaction across all regions of the world, with a sense of achievement universally the most important driver. Although …

Proceedings Of 2012 Annual Meeting Of The Academy Of International Business-Us North East Chapter: Business Without Borders, Academy Of International Business. Us North East Chapter, Jing'an Tang, Ed.

SHU Conference Publications

Proceedings of the 2012 Academy of International Business-US North East Chapter Fairfield, Connecticut, October 11-13, 2012.

"Business Without Borders." Host, John F. Welch College of Business, Sacred Heart University. Editor, Jang'an Tang.

AIB-NE 2012 Conference Co-Chairs, Khawaja Mamun, Ph.D. and Jang'an Tang.

‘Going Through The Mist’: Early Career Transitions Of Chinese Millennial Returnees, Emily T. Porschitz, Chun (Grace) Guo, José Alves

WCBT Faculty Publications

Over the past decade management practitioners have sought to understand the career expectations of the Millennial generation - those born between 1979 and 1994 (Myers and Sadaghiani, 2010) - who are rapidly becoming a dominant force in the global economy. As workers from the Baby Boomer generation move towards retirement, organization leaders are becoming more interested in understanding how to attract and retain millennial employees most effectively (Walmsley, 2007). A large body of research is devoted to uncovering the career expectations of millennial workers, so that practitioners can better understand them. Findings suggest Millennial have high expectations regarding career success …

International Business Environment Analysis, Sana Khalil

Business Review

This paper presents business environment analysis on the basis of cultural and economic differences. It elucidates the potential conflicts, risks and discusses the business opportunities that lie amid this whirlpool. The cultural differences are analyzed using Hofstede's dimensions and subsequent implications are discussed. It elucidates that the socio-economic differences require the managers to use their discretion while developing business strategies or goods and services for different markets. Since BRICS nations are emerging as potential business markets for firms around the globe and have attracted much attention and debate, I have chosen to present a comparative analysis using BRICS countries and …

Chinese Guanxi And Anglo-American Networking: A Comparative Investigation Of Cross-Cultural Interpersonal Business Relationships, Kevin D. Lo

Organization, Leadership, and Communication

Both Chinese and Anglo-American cultures highlight the importance of interpersonal relationships for successful business. In Chinese and Anglo-American culture respectively, guanxi and networking are linguistic equivalents. However, cross-culturally there are emic differences, particularly of Chinese guanxi, which are not captured by these linguistic equivalencies. As such, Chinese guanxi remain somewhat mysterious to a non-Chinese audience. This study explores the differences between Chinese guanxi and Anglo-American networking through a process of semi-structured interviews with n=10 individuals familiar with both cultural contexts. The data indicate three major themes for Chinese guanxi: a heavy emphasis on reciprocity, a long-term orientation, and culture specific …

Social Burden, Social Venture Or Social Responsibility? A Reflection On Csr In China And Csr Strategy Suggestions For Multinational Companies In China, Mantian Wang, Rongming Ren, Guiyi Hu, Hongyong Lu, Ilan Alon

Faculty Publications

Thirty years into its reform and opening, the People’s Republic of China (referred to as China) has become aware of many international practices, including corporate social responsibility (CSR). Yet FOR Chinese enterprises, CSR seems similar to the heavy social burdens of THE state-owned enterprises (SOEs). The “cradle-to-grave” welfare system, notorious but standard in THE planned economy, played a role in the failure of most SOEs to compete with the new, burgeoning private sector. Although laws were promulgated to free the SOEs from their “social burdens,” the new township enterprises set a different example. Some of the latter even profited from …

Digital Distance And Economic Development In Southeast Asia, Patricia Hornback

Faculty Publications - George Fox Digital

In the global financial system the economic strength, competency, and development of national economies and populations is significantly affected by the availability and use of Information Communication Technology (ICT). While the wealthier, industrialized nations enjoy the widest availability and use of these key technologies, the capacity and access to ICT is limited in developing nations and least developed countries (LDCs). Consequently, the lack of technology in many Southeast Asian countries may contribute significantly to their status as underdeveloped nations with impoverished economies and populations. This study explores the extent to which key social, economic, ethnolinguistic and infrastructure indicators outlined in …

Diaspora Bonds: A Viable Source Of External Financing For Nigeria?, Omolara O. Duke

Bullion

The paper examines the need for external funding, arises from the inadequacy of domestic sources of funds to meet supply gaps and balance of payments (BOP) challenges and the potentials of Nigeria sourcing external financing through the issuance of Diaspora bonds. Following this introduction, Section ll reviews conceptual and empirical literature as well as country experiences on Diaspora bonds issuance. Section lll, discusses the bond market in Nigeria. ln Section lV. the prospects and challenges of issuing Diaspora bonds in Nigeria were highlighted. Section V concludes the paper.

A Network Based Theory Of Foreign Market Entry Mode And Post-Entry Performance, Jing'an Tang, Ben S. Liu

WCBT Faculty Publications

Foreign market entry through equity investment has been extensively studied and various theoretical lenses have been used. Most previous research also focuses attention on either the entry mode selection decision or the topic of post-entry performance, but rarely both. We build on existing research by developing a model of foreign market entry and post-entry performance that uses network theory and organizational ecology to provide a fuller explanation of this complex and critical multinational enterprise strategic behaviour. Four pairs of total eight propositions were developed and justified based on extent literature and sound logical reasoning. By focusing on both entry mode …

Supporting Global Metals Markets: The Role Of The London Metals Exchange, Singapore Management University

Perspectives@SMU

The London Metals Exchange (LME) has seen its trading volumes continually expand of late, with 120.3 million lots traded in 2010, an increase of 7.4 per cent from 2009. This expansion is on the back of an increased interest in commodity trading and an expanded range of products, the latest being LME Cobalt and Molybdenum.

Evolutionary Variations In Service Trade Barriers In Banking And Their Impact: The Case Of The Asean+3, Ilan Alon, Xiaobing Feng

Faculty Publications

Although there has been extensive research on the ASEAN+3 countries, which reveals a synchronisation of economic policies, including exchange rate management policies, research on the regional pattern of trade policies in the banking sector is limited. We evaluate the trade barriers in banking and their evolution, using data from three sequential surveys conducted by the World Bank and surveys by other international organisations. We find that the country dispersions in trade-restricting policies are stable over time. Moreover, we find no evidence of moves in the direction of liberalisation in the sector. The economic modelling undertaken provides an indication of the …

Deployment Evaluation Of Accounting Information Systems In Libyan Commercial Banks, Omar Sharkasi, Martin George Wynn

The African Journal of Information Systems

This article reports on the recent implementation and current deployment of accounting information systems in Libyan commercial banks. A case study approach is adopted that moves from an initial screening of the 14 main Libyan banks to a final in-depth study of just three banks. Business process modeling and systems profiling are used to assess the status of the banks in terms of systems use, process change and information systems strategy development. Libyan banks are well advanced in their installation of modern packaged software but could be used to greater effect to optimize business processes and improve efficiencies. Training and …

Singapore And Re-Engineering Economic Space: Observations From The Middle East, Caroline Yeoh, Wilfred Pow Ngee How

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

The hallmark of the Singapore state-led, market-driven interventions, and their efficacy, have often been a matter of academic contention. This paper, as part of our series on this topic, revisits Singapore’s state-enterprise strategy in the context of the city-state’s determined efforts at internationalization through a series of state-engineered projects, orchestrated to encapsulate economic space for Singapore-based firms to expand into the region and beyond. This internationalization stratagem remains controversial; premised, as they are, on the exportability of Singapore’s state credibility, systemic and operational efficiencies as well as technological competencies of Singaporean companies, government-linked or otherwise, to locations where these attributes …

Singapore's Venture Into The Gulf: Undiscovered Treasure Or Empty Pot?, Caroline Yeoh, Wilfred How, Joses Wong

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Singapore: a country synonymous with business efficiency, strict laws and a reputation that belies its miniscule size. Its state-enterprise network and attempts at grafting “Singapore-styled” investment enclaves onto foreign locales often receive attention from the international community. These state-engineered projects are premised on the exportability of Singapore’s state credibility, systemic and operational efficiencies as well as the technological competencies of Singapore companies, to locations where these attributes are less distinct. This paper, as part of our series on this topic, revisits the city-state’s determined efforts to encapsulate economic space for Singapore-based firms, enabling them to expand beyond the region. This …

Mexico Consensus Economic Forecast, Volume 14, Number 4, Thomas M. Fullerton Jr., Adam G. Walke

Departmental Papers (E & F)

No abstract provided.

The Gavrilovic Meat Company: Surviving And Thriving Through Years Of Chaos In Croatia, Andrew Anthony Vuksic

Graduate Student Dissertations, Theses, Capstones, and Portfolios

Business leaders throughout the world have suffered through very difficult times within the past several years. A global financial crisis has swept through the business community with such unspeakable force that countless businesses throughout the world have been destroyed.

Yet, is it possible that many of these failed businesses could have survived this recent financial storm? Is there a company today that could be considered a shining example of what it takes to survive and thrive in the turbulent world of business?

The purpose of this business history study was to examine key distinctive qualities of a Croatian meat company, …

Performance Measurement And Improvement At Finca Uganda, Aaron Cowans

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

This report summarizes a six week internship undertaken by the researcher with FINCA Uganda Limited, an affiliate of FINCA International (Foundation for International Community Assistance). The broad objective of this internship was to assess FINCA Uganda’s operations from a financial standpoint and engineer methods to sustainably reduce operating costs. FINCA was chosen because they are a prominent MDI (Microfinance Deposit-Taking Institution) in Uganda and expressed interest in the proposed project.

Working from the broad internship objective, the Chief Executive Officer of FINCA Uganda and Africa Regional Finance Manager of FINCA International helped refine specific projects to assess performance and improve …

Curriculum Vitae, Karen Ahmed

College of Business Faculty and Staff Works

No abstract provided.

The Jasmine Revolution And The Tourism Industry In Tunisia, Mohamed Becheur

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Introduction:

The tourism industry is one of the most important industries in the world since it employs “more than 250 million people worldwide” (Coshall, 2003, p. 4). This industry, which includes transport, lodging, and catering, is expected to generate $12,119 billion of revenues and 279,346,000 jobs in 2016 (Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, 2006). The tourism industry worldwide is also expected to indirectly and directly contribute 10.9% to Gross Domestic Product (Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, 2006). However, the tourism industry is an extremely sensitive and vulnerable activity which can be impacted significantly by important events such as terrorism, political insecurity, and natural disasters …

Labor Shortage And The Development Of Gaming Industry In Macau, Liz Chiu Nga Ming

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Purpose:

The purpose of this paper is to explore how the labor shortage in Macau directly affects the growth and development of the gaming industry. As Macau is currently facing similar situations like PRC China, the blooming economy became the main cause for companies to use lucrative salaries to attract quality employees from different sources, including school dropouts as well as current employees from other organizations. In the long run, this could cause a negative impact to the industry as the companies might be forced to promote immature and inexperienced employees to senior positions in order to fill the …

Understanding The Decline Of Sales Of Destination Club Products, Heidi Goetz

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Purpose:

The purpose of this paper is to identify and confirm factors leading to the decline of sales of Ritz-Carlton Destination Club products.

Literature Review On Turnover - To Better Understand The Situation In Macau, Ut Lon Im

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Macau is enjoying the prosperity brought by the increase of gaming operations. However, this rapid development imposed a great challenge in Human Resources Management. The hospitality industry is experiencing a high turnover rate, which affects the service quality and long-term sustainability. Major causes of turnover were reviewed from Western based and Asian based literature. Local studies were also included to provide a better picture of the turnover causes in Macau. Some recommendations were made to help retaining talented employees.

A Transition Of Leadership: Can The Young Generation Of Macau Catch Up, Kin Man Yolanda Lao

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Purpose:

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the attitude and motivation levels of young professionals in the gaming industry in Macau. To give a more holistic view with justification on the problem, this paper is orientated with a literature review in the areas of leadership and management styles in Western and Asian cultures, and with a case application of Wynn Macau as a life example. The discussion of this paper is supported by interviews with senior executives, and a summary of human resources strategies in terms of recruitment, training, and motivation both on a department level and on …

The Future Development For Slots In Macau To The Mainland China Market, Sok In Leong

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Purpose:

There are lots of optimistic comments to slots industry in Macau. The purpose of this paper is to provide an insight overview and examine the future development of Macau slot market to Mainland China player.